CS237957B1

CS237957B1 - The method of reclamation of chaff

Info

Publication number: CS237957B1
Application number: CS81774A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Anatolij N Chorosavin; Irina V Katajevova; Gennadij A Oborin
Original assignee: Anatolij N Chorosavin; Irina V Katajevova; Gennadij A Oborin
Priority date: 1981-02-02
Filing date: 1981-02-02
Publication date: 1985-11-13
Also published as: CS77481A1

Abstract

Způsob zpracování půdy, zejména biologická rekultivace průmyslových výsýpek, může být poúžit při rekultivaci hluSin. Cílem je urychlení tvorby půdy, čehož se dosahuje tak, že se do rekultivovaná půdy zavádějí třikrát během vegetačního období rostlin v prvním robe výsadby dříve upravená mikroorganismy: během klíčení semen se vnáěí komplex Amonizačních a nltrifikečních mikroorganismů, během vzcházení komplex azotobakter s mikroorganismy odbourávajícími fosfát a během kvetení - komplex azotobakter s mikroorganismy odbourávajícími fosfát v množství 0,25 až 0,5 g suché hmotnosti na 1 m2 rekultivované plochy.The method of soil treatment, especially biological reclamation of industrial dumps, can be used in the reclamation of landfills. The goal is to accelerate soil formation, which is achieved by introducing previously modified microorganisms into the reclaimed soil three times during the vegetation period of plants in the first planting period: during seed germination, a complex of ammonizing and filtering microorganisms is introduced, during emergence, a complex of azotobacter with phosphate-degrading microorganisms, and during flowering - a complex of azotobacter with phosphate-degrading microorganisms in an amount of 0.25 to 0.5 g of dry weight per 1 m2 of reclaimed area.

Description

OIDCAHHE Η30ΗΈΓΕΗΗΗ ABTGPCKOMY CWETEJIBCŤBySamJieHO: 28.10.783aHBKa: 39 2539845 / 30-15MKH2: AOI B 79/02

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Il3aecTeH cnocotí peKyji & THBaiizH 3ολοοτβ8λοβ z xbo-ct oxpaHajihiu nyTeM djojDrzaecRoro 3aKpenjieHHH zx c zc-nOJn> 3OBaHHeM X03HftCTBeHH0-ÓHT0BHX CTOKOB £ jjj. B AaHBOM cnocotíe HOBepXHOCTB 30Λ00ΤΒΗΛ0Β pasdzBa-bt Ha ζβκζ, κοτσρκβ nooaepesHO 3anojiHH »T xoazftcTBeHHO - óutobhmb ctokhmh Ha rjytízHy λο 20-30 cm c nocjBzyímeeBcnaniKoň nocjie 3anojraeHZH z πολοηχηηζη. 3And we do not have xan3TBeHHo-tiHTOBHMH οτοκβΜΗ from nocJie ^ rxmyB BCnam-xy ΠΡ0Β3Β0ΛΗΤ ΜΗΟΓΟΚρΗΤΗΟ (6-7'ρβ3). ΠοΟΛβ ΠρΟΒΘΛβΗΗΗ3τζχ padOT 30JiooTBajnj 3aceBaBT μηογολθτηζμη τρηβημη ζζζ3epH0BUMz from TexHzzecKZMz KyxfcTypaMZ.

HesocTaTKOM z3BecTHoro cnocoda ηβληθτοη aaMejyiBH-hhS npouecc noHBOsupply30BaHZH (oKyjiBTypzBaHza). Oh ody-CJIOBJKH ΤβΜ, ΉΤΟ B 30Λ00ΤΒ8ΛΗ BBOflflT TOJ & KO XO3H0-cTBeHHO-óHTOBHe ctokz, coaepxanme opraHHHecKze semecTBa 237957

ΗΟΓ όΗΟΓβΗΗΗβ ΒΛβΜβΗΤΗ, and OHH CTHMyJIHpyKT ΚΗ3Ηβ, ΠβΗΤβΛΒ-hoctb He tomko ποΛβ3Ηθ8 ΜΒκροφπορκ, ho η MHKpoopra-HH3M0B — aHTarOHHCTOB. ΚρΟΜβ ΤΟΓΟ, npa ΑΟΟΤβΤΟΏΙΟΜ KOJUPieCTB © opranane-CKHX H MHHepaMHIK ΒβΉβΟΤΒ ΠρΟΗβΟΟ n0HB00Ópa30BaHHHdyaeT ΒβΜβΑΗβΗΗΗΜ BBBfly Η63ΗΗΗΠΤβΜΗ0Γ0 COflepsaHHHΠΟΗΒβΗΗΗΧ ΜΗΚρθθρΓ3ΗΗ3ΜΟΒ B 30ΛΟΟΤΒΘΛβ.

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Otkoch yaacTKOB 3ΗκρβπΛΗΐοτ ποοθβομ μηογολθτηηχ

TpaB.

HeflocTaTKOM λϊηηογο cnocoda ηβληθτοη λπητθλβηηζnepaoa n0HB00dpa30BaHBH, and Tarase ero TpyaoeMKOCTB. Jlna-TejiBHHfi nepaofl n0HB00dpa30BaHaa otíycjiOBJíeH τβΜ, htoΠΡ0Η3Β0ΛΗΤ ΟΠΛΜΠΗΟβ 3apaJKeHBe ΠΟΗΒβΗΗΗΜΗ ΜΗΚρθθρΓΗΗΗ3-Mai®, BHnycKaeMH? ® προμκπιλβηηοοτβι) KOTopue He ^ and antagonize pOBHHH K yCJIOBHHM OTBajIBHHX ΠΟρΟΛ.

KpoMe toto, B3-3a λλητθλβηογο BHeceHHH iyMyca npo-acxoflHT ynjDTHeHae and saTBepaeHae rpyHTOB πολ HaHeceHHUMiyMycoBHM caoeM. 33 ΤΒ Λ 8 p p p p p p p p M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M ase ase ase ase ase ase ase ase ase ase. 237957

UejitD Η30όρβτβΗΗΗ ΗΒΛΗβτοΗ ycKopeHHe nonBootípa3o-Β3ΗΕΗ. J & HHaH absent flocrjiraeTCfl the CNet τογο, ητο b cnoc-OE peKyjttTHBamiH οτβθλβηηχ nopos nyTew hx pa3paBHHBaHHHHJiaHupoBKH, BHeceHHH yjjodpeHEfi, 3apar.eHHH i.mKpoopramss-Mar.ra, nocebo μηογολβτηηχ pacTeiraB noJHBa bojioA η, alpha-BaJibHHe nopojm 3apaxaKJT Ko :. tnjieKca ».íH npéjJBapETejrbHO etc. © nTHpOBaHHHX ΜΕΚρ00ρΓ3ΗΗ3Μ0Β b ΤβΗβΗΕβ ΒβΓβΤθφΙΟΗΗΟΓΟ Πβ-paojia pacTeimfl nepBoro swarm © nocebo b τρπ npaeMa: bo speμη npopacTaraH ceMHH 3apaxaioT κομπλθκοομ aM? íOHH $ nnHpy» -mHX H HHTpHÍEUHpytCnniX M2Kp00praHH3M0B, BO ΒρβΜΗ BCXO-jjob - κομπλθκοομ aaoTodaKTepa c $ oc $ aTpacTBOpaxmHMHMHKp00praHH3MaMH H BO Β ΜΗ Τ Τ Τ Τ Λ Λ KT Λ Λ K K K K K K K K K K 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5... B KanecTBe KOMHJKKCA aMr.roHEfenupyKniax e ΗΗτρκφιπίΗ-pynUEx MEKpoopraHH3r.rob depyT aMMOHH $ HHHpyianBe Μπκροορ-raHH3MH I5r no cyxowyBecy to Im2 peKyjn> TEBHpyeMOfi nJioqajni. B KanecTBe CORRECTION A30T0daKTepa c <pcTTaccBo-ρΗΕΠΙΗΜΗ ΜΗΐφθορΓ3ΗΗ3Μ3ΜΗ depot Azotobacter cbroococcumB ΚΟΛΗΗβΟΤΒβ 0, I-0,3r Η φΟΟφΗΤρβΟΤΒΟρΗΜΠΗθ ΜΗΚρΟΟρΓβ-HH3MH Bacillus megaterium _ 0, I5-O, 2r no cyxoMy

Becy Ha I m2 peKyjn.THBHpyeMofl njKxnajm.

Cnocod ocymecTBJiHKJT cjiejjyKRHM odpaeoM. 3τΒβΛ pa3paBHHBajoT, npoH3BOj © T ero naaHHpoBny. >Ne> ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne ne a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 95%) c hh3kem3HaneHHeM pH (2.45-3.56) φορ, ητργϋτ οτ, πρλι.ηημη ynacTKa-ME ΒβΛΗΊΗΗΟβ I-5ra. COOpyxaiOT cetb BOJJOnpOBO J © HX Tpyti 237957 -4- c pa3dpH3rHBaTejiHMi ot ΒΟΛοηρίΐθΓ.ΉπκοΒ pe3epByapoB. Pe-3epByapn 3anojHHioT βολοΠ, b KOTopyro bhocht κομπλβκοnpe &BapHTejn> HO aflanTHpoBaHHHx økKopopHH3MOBi Ηπτρη- $ HHHpyranHx h aMr.iOHH $ HiwpynnBx H3 pacneTa 0.25-0.5r nocyxot.iy Becy Ha Im ^ peKyjiBTHBHpyeMofi njmmajm. B nopojjybhocht otxojw coorboro nporoBObCTBa (coaepsaHHe Ca0, CaCOg) HaΙγ Ha Im ^ Im Im ^ ^ododpepepepeHHHH B B B B B TOTOTO duTOTOTOTOTOTO TOTOTO TO TO o o o o o nam nam nam nam nam nam nam nam nam nam nam nam. JlaHee npoH3BojwT nocajoty ηθγηη μηογολθτηηχχ pacre-HHfi: CMSCB 3HaK0BUX H dodOBuxna rjiydHHy I, 5-2,5cm.

Hopwa BHceBa - Ο, Haδκτ Ha Im ^. Ilocjie nocajiKH οθμηηπροΒΟΛπτ odorameHne peKyjn.THBnpyeMoro ynacraa nyTeMBHeceHHH npejwapuTeHBHO ajianTHpoBaHHHx MHKpoopraHn3MOB (HHTpH $ Himpyianua n aMKOHH $ HHHpyianHx) 0.25-0.5r no cyanoflucine.

AflanTanmo MUKpoopraHHSMOB ocymecTBUHBT cjiejiynneSnocjiejíOBaTejii b) HocTii: MHKpoopraHH3MH, BHfleJieHHHe H3 alpha-BajiBHtix ποροΛ, BHpamHBaioT Ha πητβτθπβηηχ cpeflax nyTeMMHoroicpaTHoro nepeceBa, noABepraioT βο3λθμοτβ.ηβ tokcih HHX-BeqecTB, coflepxaimixcH NOPO b ^ e BHanajie.npH ManoííKOHneHTpanHH (ooAepjEaíme sene3a - 2.44 $, ajnoMHHHH -5,085 °, BejnHHa pH - 3,5), 3βτβΜ ποστβπβΗΗΟ yBejHWBaBTKOHneHTparcHK tokchhhhx BemecTB: KejE30 - λο 10,06 $, aro-uniHHfi - λο 14,22 $; The pH of the pH was 2.45. IlepnoAananTanHH jvebtch 2 Mecrma. AjianTiípo Barume τηκημ odpa30MK EUCOKHM KOHneHTpaHHHM TOKCHHHHX ΒβΠξβΟΤΒ H HH3KOIÍ KHC-HŮTHOCTH MHKp00praHH3MH BBOflHT B HOpOfl ^ C ΠΟΜΟΠΙΒΚ) pa3-ΰρΗ3ΠΪΒ3ΤβΛΗ. ΠΟΛΗΒ paCTeHHfi ΠΡΟΗ3ΒΟΛΗΤ £ 0 60 $ -ΗΟΓΟ COfiCpjEaHHHBJiarH no oTHomeHEB κ noHHOn BJiaroewKOCTc hohbu I pa3 bΑΘΗΒ.

B ΠβρΗΟΛ BCXOflOB ΠρΟΒΟΛΗΤ ΒΤΟρΗΗΗΟβ ΟόΟΙΉΠΙβΗΗβnpe ^ BapHTejiBHo aflanTnpoBarumMn MHkpoopraHH3MaMH (»30-TOdaKTepOM Η φΟΟφθΤρΗΟΤΒΟρΗΚΠΙΗΜΗ MHHp00praHH3Mam) B 237957 f -5- KOJnreecTBe 0.25-0.50r no cyxoMy Becy. ΠοοΑβΑκηδ pasnopofly odoramaET b nepnoA HBSTeHUH pacTeHHft ajjanTHpo-BaHHUMH MHKpoopraHH3Mawa (asoToóaierepoM h $ oc $ aTpacTBO-pHicnjHMH MHKpoopraHH3Maira) - 0,25-0,50r no cyxowy Becyaa I m2 peKyjaTHBHpyeMofi mromajm.

Ha cjie ^ yxníiifi γοα Ha OTBajn> HOíi nopo ^ e óe3 otíorame-hhh andAanrzpoBaHHUMH MHKpoopraHH3yaMH HadJEDAaeTCH xopo-nnifi pocT pacreHzfi.

Ha TpeTafl γοα nporaBOAHT nocaAKy AByneTHHX caxeH-ΑθΒ (τοπολβ, óepesa, ocnna). ΠρΗΜβρ ΠρΟΒΟΑΒΤ ®ΛΗΗΟΗΗΗβ ΟΠΗΤΗ B yCADBKHX TOKCHHHOIOnopoAHoro oTBajia.

PaspaBHHBaDT noBepxHocrB oTBana. Πλοπ ^ αβ οπητηοΑAeJiHHm 2M2. Bξληηκη b oahh apyc. JUH HeííTpaJE3ammTOKCHHHHX CBO0CTB OTB3JIBHO0 ΠΟρΟΑHO BHOCHT OTXO H COAO-Boro npoHSBOACTBa (CaO h CaCOCO) Ikt Ha Im2. (PacneTnp0H3B0AnT no ΓΗΑΡΟΛΗΤΗΉ6ΟΚΟ0 KHCJDTHOCTH). OCΑΟόρβΗΗΗBHOCOT B BHAe XO3H0CTBeHHO — 0ΗΤΟΒΟΓΟC3AKa B ΚΟΛΗPβ-ciBe I, 5kt Ha Im2 nopoAH. 3aTeM προη3βοαητ B.cnanncy narAytíHfly 20cm. Ilocjie stcto apjbdt noceB ceMSH μηογολθτ-hhx pacTeHHn: óoóobhx h 3jbkob. Hopwa BHceBa rpaBOce-mhh - Ο, κδκτ Ha Im2. ΠΟΒΤσρΗΟΟΤΒ ΟΠΗΤΟΒ aβΤΗρβΧΚρβΤ-Haa. nepBaa cepza οπητοβ Biumnajia κοητροτπ, ηηθ ynacTKHde3 BHeceHHA θααπτηροβηηηηχ MHKpoopraHH3MOB. Bropaacepza οπητοβ BKjaraaAa penyjiBTHBHpyeMHe ynacTKH c ΒΒβΑβ-ΗΗβΜ KOMNJBKCa ΗΑΙΠΤΠρΟΒΗΗΗΗΧ HKKpOOpraHH3MOB 0.25Γ / Μ2no cyxox ^ y Becy; ρ Α Α Α Μ nu Α Α ex Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α Α 3 3 3 Bec

JlaHHHe πρβΑοτβΒΑβΗΗ b Taójrane. Ap HT no ap ap ap koh B, Ó,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, H H,,,,,,,,,,

-6- hhh, cepH, yrjtepojna. HatijoAaeTcn nponecc ηηκοπαθηηη iy-Myca. yBejfflHHBaeTCH b ποροΑβ κοληηθοτβο ποαβηχηηχ Kannnη $ oc $ opa. IIoBMfflaeTCH ccmepxaHne a30Ta. HaH ^ yn-nmfl 9φφβκτ 0ηλ nojyHeH Ha peKyjn> τηβηpo βηηηηχ yaacTKax cΒΒβΑβΗΗβΜ aflanTHpOBaHHHX MHKp00praHH3M0B B ΚΟΛΗΗβΟΤΒβ .0.5 p / m2 no cyxoMy Becy.

HccJieAOBaHHH noKasaJm, HTO on peKyjn, THBnpyeMHXyvacTKax cosabiotch tíJiaronpHHTHue yc.iDBZH JWH nponeccoBHHTpH $ HKaqHH, MOÓBJDISaqEH ΠΟΛΒΙΙΚΗΗΧ φοοφορβ KaJtHfl IIIIHTaTeJI H & HHX βαθμθητοβ and maybe βαηηηηθμ ASHTejn> HOCR ΜΗΚρΟ-opraHH3MOB yjyHmaDTCH arpoxnMHHe cicne ceoficTBa peityjn> -THBHpyeMOS nopoAK.

2-a Ha Ha γοα peKyjn> THBnpyeMUx ynacTKax BHeceHneMHKp00praHH3M0B B OTBHJHiHHe ΠΟρΟΑΡ Ηβ Πρ0Η3Β0ΑΗΤ .Had JDO-AaeTcn nponecc noHBOOtípa30BaHHH n 3aAepHeHne OTBajiOB, nOCJK ΗΘΓΟ BHCeHBaKTCH CaxeHUU ΑθΡθΒΒβΒ. BHeceHne b nopABpmejaHO aAanrapoBaHHHxMHKpoopraHH3MOB ycKÓpfleT nponecc noraoodpa3OBaHHH, bpe3yjn> TaTe aero He TpedyeTCH OKyjaTypnBaHHH noponn aa2-ft γοα peKyjiBTHBanHH.

Cnocotí odecneHHBaeT osejEHemie npHJieraKmnx nectho-οτβΰ K maxTepcKHM nocejncaM, oaAopoBJíeHne oKpyxaioqeftcpeAU. PeKyABTHBHpoBaHne tokchhhhx nopoAffitx OTBajiOBocynecTBJímoT 3a oahh γοα βμθοτο 3-7 go no paHee npn-MeBHewoNy cnocody. 237957 -7-

Taójuma

XmmecKHfi coctsb Hcc4e, nyeMHx nopo «

Ha peKyjn> TirBHpyeMOM OTBaJie ΓΗ: Γπίρο- CyivKa OO • Fe2®3 n / n BapzaHTH onuTa :λο: JE ΤΗ no - ΜβΗΗΗΧ oc-: cKaa ku- HOBaHHfl: cjk> thoctb RXJr "I" --- 2 """3 - ·. "5 --- --- 5" -: 6 xo McxoAHaH nopoaa (κeρΟΛΒ ee3 ΒΗΘ —CHHHH MKKp00praHH3-mob) 3.52 16.17 8.51 10.06 2. HcxojuiaH nopojja + aianTHpoBaHHHeMHKp00praHH3MU BKOjnreecTBe 0.25 γ / μ2 no cy-xoMy Becy 5.72 2.98 15.02 4.32 3. HcxojmaH nopo.ua + ajtanTnpoBaHHueMHKp00praHH3MH BKOJianecTBe 0.5 γ / μ2 no cyxo-My Becy 7.15 1.22 24.09 2, 44 ΠρΟΒΟΛΚβΗΗβ

AlgOg · S%:%

: C Ool P2 ° 5 ': I ^ c': Nodtai.,: V '. _: a: μγ / ιοογ: μγ / ιοογ * · fQ · / v · · 7: 8: 9: 10: H: 12: 13 1.14.22 7.08 14.49 0.16 0.15 5.27 0.52 2.10.12 1.32 11.82 0.36 0.47 7.63 2.68 3. 5.08 0.85 5.75 0.54 0.65 19.06 5.32 237957

OOWJIA. K3OBPETEHHH

Gnocotí peKyjiLTUBamiE οτβμλβηηχ ποροχ πγτβΜ HX-PO3 paBHHBaHHH, njiajrapoBKH, BHeceHHa yfloópeHHfi, 3apaaceHHHMHKpOOpraHH3MaMH ΠΟΟβΒΗ ΜΗΟΓΟΛβΤΗΗΧ paCTeHEtS IIOJHÍBabohoS H, ^ oTJH aroiuHňca τβΜ, ητο c absent »ycKopeHHH n0HB00ópa30BaHHs οτββηβηη® nopo.nn 3apaaaroTΚΟΜΠΛβΚΟΘΜΗ npenBapHTeJIBHO ΒΗΛβΛΘΗΗΗΧ H3 3Τθ8 ΠΟρΟΠΗ HaflanTHpoBaKHHx κ HEFIa MHKpoopraHH3MOB b β η ϊ ο ο nep a pu pu pu pu pu pu pu pu pu pu 5 TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH TH © © © © © T T T T T κ μ M M M M $ m m m H m m m m m m m m m m 3 3 3 3 07-0,15 Γ HBitrobacter Winogradskii b KOJHHeCTBe 0.08 to 0.15 Γ ΠΟcyxoMy Becy Ha I peKyjiBTHBHpyeMoft nxomaxH and bo BPE-Mfl BCXOHOB H BO ΒρβΜΗ ΙίΒβΤβΗΗΗ pacTeHHž oópaóOTKy BexyTKOMIUieKCOM Azotobacter chroococcum B Γ KOJlHHeCTBe 0.1 to -0.3 C $ OC $ aTpaCTBOpHBIHHMH MHKp00praHH3MaMH Bacillusmegaterium b KOJlHHeCTBe 0.15-0.2 r no cyxoMy Becy naI m2 peKyjiLTHBiipyeMoit mromanH. 237957 AHHOTAUHfl. ΙΪ3ΟόρβΤΘΗΗβ OTHÓCHTCH TO CIIOCOÓaM OÓpadOTKH ΠΟΗΒΗ, B nacTHOCTH κ ÓHOJDnnecKofl pesyjiBTHBaBHH npoí.ommeHHHXOTBajiOB, η Μοχβτ óutb ncnojr & 3OBaHO npn OKyjiBTypnBaHHHΠρΗΜΗΤΗΒΗΗΧ ΠΟΠΒ.

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Claims

237957 10 Ρ Ϊϊ DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION A method of reclaiming spoil spoil by rolling, planting, incorporating refining additives, inoculating seedlings of long-lived plants with microorganisms and sprinkling water, characterized in that, in order to accelerate soil formation, honeysuckle enriches complex microorganisms from this pre-isolated soil. during the growing season of the plants during the first year of sowing in three batches, each time in an amount of 0.25 to 0.5 g of the dry weight of the complex per m 2 of the reclaimed area; at the time of seed penetration, it is inoculated with a complex of ammonification and nitrifying microorganisms, with the use of the microorganisms Bacillus mycoides in the amount of 0.1 and 0.2 g and as nitrifying bacteria Nitrosomonas eurqaea in the amount of 0.7 to 0.15 g and nitroth from 0.08 to 0.15 g of dry matter per m < 3 > reclaimed area, and at the time of emergence and flowering, the plants are treated with Azotobacter chroococcum complex in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 g with phosphate-dissolving Bacillus megaterium 0.15 to 0.2 g per dry weight per m 3 of reclaimed area. Recognized by the invention on the basis of the results of expertise, conducted by the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries of the USSR, Moscow, SU.