CS224472B1 - Process for hydrogenation liquid fractions c 3 - Google Patents
Process for hydrogenation liquid fractions c 3 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS224472B1 CS224472B1 CS801796A CS179680A CS224472B1 CS 224472 B1 CS224472 B1 CS 224472B1 CS 801796 A CS801796 A CS 801796A CS 179680 A CS179680 A CS 179680A CS 224472 B1 CS224472 B1 CS 224472B1
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- Czechoslovakia
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 210000000540 fraction c Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 101150072844 APOM gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001026509 Kata Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000017399 Caesalpinia tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XOGTZOOQQBDUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Mesna Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCS XOGTZOOQQBDUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000388430 Tara Species 0.000 description 2
- 229960004635 mesna Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UJCHIZDEQZMODR-BYPYZUCNSA-N (2r)-2-acetamido-3-sulfanylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(N)=O UJCHIZDEQZMODR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQGYICACOSZSFB-WMGZZIQCSA-N (NE)-N-[[(1R,2R,3S,5S)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl]methylidene]hydroxylamine Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](\C=N\O)[C@H]3CC[C@@H](C2)N3C)=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PQGYICACOSZSFB-WMGZZIQCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHHVZFYRRDYLJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(ethylamino)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 QHHVZFYRRDYLJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006519 CCH3 Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 244000035851 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008495 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PGJBQBDNXAZHBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimefox Chemical compound CN(C)P(F)(=O)N(C)C PGJBQBDNXAZHBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001669680 Dormitator maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101150096418 Mepe gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100366940 Mus musculus Stom gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HSMNQINEKMPTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(4-aminobenzoyl)glycine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C=C1 HSMNQINEKMPTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001098066 Naja melanoleuca Basic phospholipase A2 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000176030 Nanna Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930012538 Paclitaxel Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000712503 Sicyos pachycarpus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000897276 Termes Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006909 Tilia x europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000028626 extracranial carotid artery aneurysm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101150115538 nero gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000005474 octanoate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960001592 paclitaxel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/32—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds
- C10G45/34—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/40—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
- C07C7/163—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/002—Apparatus for fixed bed hydrotreatment processes
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
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- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/66—Pore distribution
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/06—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/26—Chromium
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/30—Tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
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- C07C2523/44—Palladium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/48—Silver or gold
- C07C2523/50—Silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
'Γ 224 472Γ 224 472
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- 3HanzTezLHoe yzynuienze OTBOsa Teraia z οηκκθηζθ TeMnepaTypH rzspzpoBaHzn, b pe3yzLTaTe nero coKpaiiiaeTcn so MZHZwyMa nosy-ηθηζθ nojizwepoB z Moryr nepepaóaTHBaTBCH np®.ro b ηοτοκθ $paz-nzz Cg c noBHineHHHM cosepsaHzeM czsbho HeHacnineHHHx coesnne-hzz; 224 472 - donee nojioKHTe^LHtiž óajiaHc no nponineHy, t.k. :;nwoo)a3HHe cno-codH b óoJiMiiiHCTBe cjryqaeB, kbk npaBzzo, ocymecTBJiHK)TCH de3noTepz nponiuiena π nacTiiHHO naše no3BOJuwT noJiynzTB nonoJiHZ-τθλβηο Hedontnize KOJuraecTBa nponmieHa.- 3HanzTezLHoe yzynuienze OTBOsa Teraia of οηκκθηζθ TeMnepaTypH rzspzpoBaHzn b pe3yzLTaTe Nero coKpaiiiaeTcn with noses MZHZwyMa-ηθηζθ nojizwepoB of Moryr nepepaóaTHBaTBCH np®.ro b ηοτοκθ $ Paz-NZZ Cg c noBHineHHHM cosepsaHzeM czsbho HeHacnineHHHx coesnne-HZZ; 224 472 - donee nojioKHTe ^ LHtiž óajiaHc no nponineHy, t.k. : nwoo) a3HHe cno-codH b óoJiMiiiHCTBe cjryqaeB, kbk npaBzzo, ocymecTBJiHK) TCH de3noTepz nponiuiena π nacTiiHHO Hedontnize KOJuraecTBa nponmieHa.
CyiuecTBenHoS οοοτββηοη zacTBio npejyioKeHHHx cnocodoB b óojibuikhct-βθ cJiyaaeB hbjihiotch cnenzazBHHe KaTanz3aTopH. TIpiMeneHne HaxonnTMeTaJDiinecKue HoczTejiz-KaTazz3aTopH, πρθηποητζτθΖΒΗΟ nannanne-ΒΗΘ. B "dE-AsI 184 336” npennaraiOT HZSKyio ĎpaKnzio Cg, β κοτοροβ pac- 'TBopneTCJT HeodxojWMH nna nmpzpoBaHZH Bonopon, nponycKaTB npzTewnepaType 80°C Han KaTazz3aTopoM, conepsamzM Μβτητυι rznpnpo-BaHiiH 8-on rpynnn nepnoflinecKofí οηοτθμη θζθμθητοβ Ha ηοοζτθζθ,ΠρθΛΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΛΒΗΟ 2 - 20 % HHK6JLH Z7IZ 0,05 - 2 % Π3Λ7Ι3ίζΖΗ Ha OKZ-CH aJHOLSHHH EHH ΟΤΟΚΗβΗΗΟΜ ΓΛΚΗΘ.CyiuecTBenHoS οοοτββηοη zacTBio npejyioKeHHHx cnocodoB b óojibuikhct-βθ cJiyaaeB hbjihiotch cnenzazBHHe KaTanz3aTopH. TIpiMeneHne HaxonnTMeTaJDiinecKue HoczTejiz-KaTazz3aTopH, πρθηποητζτθΖΒΗΟ nannanne-ΒΗΘ. B "de-ASI 184336" npennaraiOT HZSKyio ĎpaKnzio Cg, β κοτοροβ paclitaxel 'TBopneTCJT HeodxojWMH nna nmpzpoBaHZH Bonopon, nponycKaTB npzTewnepaType 80C Han KaTazz3aTopoM, conepsamzM Μβτητυι rznpnpo BaHiiH-8-one rpynnn nepnoflinecKofí οηοτθμη θζθμθητοβ Ha ηοοζτθζθ, ΠρθΛΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΛΒΗΟ 2 - 20% HHK6JLH Z7IZ 0.05 - 2% Π3Λ7Ι3ίζΖΗ Ha OKZ-CH andJHOLSHHH EHH ΟΤΟΚΗβΗΗΟΜ ΓΛΚΗΘ.
CyuiecTBeHHne HejíOCTaTKZ θτογο sznKapa3Horo nponecca satunonaiOTCHb tom, hto flo peaKTopa rnupnpoBaHZH HeodxonnMo pacTBopn^L· bCKpyddepe, b κοζοηηθ πη b nonodHoz annapaType HeodxonzMoe ko-JIHHeCTBO BOSOpOfla B ΗΟΧΟΛΗΟΜ ΟΗρΒΘ J JW 3Τ0Γ0 RSJZ.e WQSL CpaBHZ-TSJILHO HZ3K0M CO^epsaHEZ ΟΟΘ£ΖΗΘΗΖΗ CgH^ ΗΘΟόχΟβΖΜΟ ΕρΖΜθΗΘΗΗθοηθηβ βηοοκογο napnzazLHoro flaBJíeHíiH BOflopo^a, HanpuMep 30 κγο/cm^npn cone psaním CgH^ 1,2 moji. %, KpoMe τογο ποβηιηθηηηθ KOHqeHTpa-nzz nponzHa z ajmeHa MoryT nepepadaTHBaTBCH tojibko Torna, KornáΛολη nmpupoBaHHoS φρ&κηζζ B03BpamaeTCH b peaKTop. Tax HanpzMep,npn conepsaHzz Cglí^ 3,5 moji.% Heodxonwo προζ3ΒοηζτΒ pa3daBne-ΗΖΘ npEdJra3HTeJIBH0 TpeXKpaTHHM KOJTZHeCTBOM rnBpHpOBaHHOÉ $paK-W Cg. BncoKoe padonee naBneHze, Kax npaBuno, npeBHmaioiqeeodHHHO πρζΜβΗΗβΜΟβ b 3ΤΗ7ΓΘΗΟΒΗΧ ycTaHOBKax, a Taxxe Heodxo^n-MOCTB B03BpaTa npOAyKTa BH3HBaKT BHCOKÍie ΛΟΠαπΗΗΤΘΛΒΗΗΘ pacxo-£H ΠΟ KaiLBJIOSeHHflM.CyuiecTBeHHne HejíOCTaTKZ θτογο sznKapa3Horo nponecca satunonaiOTCHb that HTO flo peaKTopa rnupnpoBaHZH HeodxonnMo pacTBopn bCKpyddepe ^ l · b κοζοηηθ πη b nonodHoz annapaType HeodxonzMoe co-JIHHeCTBO BOSOpOfla B ΗΟΧΟΛΗΟΜ ΟΗρΒΘ J JW 3Τ0Γ0 RSJZ.e WQSL CpaBHZ TSJILHO HZ3K0M-CO ^ £ epsaHEZ ΟΟΘ ΖΗΘΗΖΗ CgH ^ ΕΗΘΟχΟβΖΜΟ ΕρΖΜθΗΘΗΗθοηθηβ βηοοκογο napnzazLHoroHBiHeHiHH BOflopo ^, HanpuMep 30 κγο / cm ^ npn cone by writing CgH ^ 1,2 my. %, KpoMe KOHqeHTpa-nzz nponzHa from ajmeHa MoryT not THBaTBCH tojibko Torna, KornaΛολη nmpupoBaHHoS φρ & κηζζ B03BpamaeTCH b peaKTop. Tax HanpzMep, npn conepsaHzz Cgli ^ 3,5 my.% Heodxonwo προζ3ΒοηζτΒ pa3daBne-ΗΖΘ npEdJra3HTeJIBH0 TpeXKpaTHHM KOJTZHeCTBOM rnBpHpOBaHHOÉ $ paK-W Cg. BncoKoe padonee naBneHze, Kax npaBuno, npeBHmaioiqeeodHHHO πρζΜβΗΗβΜΟβ b 3ΤΗ7ΓΘΗΟΒΗΧ ycTaHOBKax, and Taxxe Heodxo ^ n-MOCTB B03BpaTa npOAyKTa BH3HBaKT BHCOKIie ΛΟΠαπΗΗΤΘΛΒΗΗΘ pacxo- £ H ΠΟ KaiLBJIOSeHHflM.
Bo H3desaHHe θτηχ HenocTaTKOB b "DE-OS I 643 124 π I 668 785” £jlh nonodHoro nponecca rznpnpoBaHZH b χζηκοΑ φ&3β npenzaraioTπροζ3ΒοηπτΒ MHoroKpaTHyxi nonany Bonopona TaxzM odpa3OM, HTodnsnUKaz yrJieBonopoAHan: cMecn b peaKTopé Hzrne He dnna HacHiqeHaBonoponoM. Ilonana Bonopona προζ3Βοηζτοη oTnacTH nepen peaxTo-POM Z EpOMe ΤΟΓΟ Ηθ ΜΘΗΘβ, ΉΘΜ Β AByX ΜΘΟΤβΧ, HO ΠρθηΠΟΗΤΖΤΘΖΒΗΟ - 3 - 224 472 donee, ηθγ.ί b nerapex flpyrnx MecTax peaKTopa. Πρημθηηθμκπ naTa-jni3aTop coflepžXHT πρθαποητητθλβηο dJiaropoflHHn weTajui Ha ηοοιιτθ-jie okkck araxffiiiHH, a Taxne ηθθηβηπτθλβηοθ κολιίήθοτβο CBHHua.Tío3iipoBKa BOflopofla b Ηβκοτορκχ wecTax iiojihoctlio ne γοτρακΗθτΒΒΙΙΠΘΠρηΒΘΑΘΗΗΗΘ HeflOCTaTKII &IlflKOCpa3HOrO ΓΚΤζρΐίρΟΒΒΗΓχΗ II KpOMe ΤΟ-ΓΟ TpeóyeT eme 3HamiTenBHHX αοποηηητθηβηηχ 3aTpaT na annapaTypyh Ha odopyflOBaHne ΚΙάΠ, hto h fle^aeT nponecc dojiee ήτβοτβκτθλβ-hhm K nOMexaM. B "dE-As I 062 639 , I 075 106 , I 131 658 π I 518 827”onncafí cnocod ceneKTEBHoro rnupupoBaHiur nponnHa is. ajuiena. boppaKnnnx Cg, npn ocymecTBjreHHS κοτοροΓΟ CMecL hhakkx yrneBOflo-ρο,ηοΒ b npaKTinecKH ηθποαβκ^ηοη BOflopoflHoS aTMoeraepe npoxoflHTHafl HenoflBEKHHM οχοθμ KaTaJin3aTopa b TpydnaTOM peaKTope. KaTa-jiH3aTop coflepsHT ot 0,5 flo 5,0 Bec.% iuiaTHHH Ha ηοοιιτθχθ. Han-jiy-quine pe3yjiBTaTH nojiynaíOTcn Ha najizrafliieBOM KaTannsaTope cMaKponopUCTHM UinEHeJILCOflepCSaiH0I4 ΗΟΒΠΤΘΧΘΜ OKHCH aJIDMKHIIH cyfleJiLHOH noBepxHOCTBio ot 20 flo 100 m^/γ. CoflepsaHne nnnHejinflOJDSHO tíUTB Ηθ ΜΘΗΘΘ 20 %. B ΚΒΗΘΟΤΒβ innHHeJieodpa3OBaTeJLH npefl-nOHTHTeJIBHO CJiyKHT JIHTUfi. ΓηΑρΗρΟΒΒΗΗΘ HpOE3BOflHTCH ΠρΗ ΤΘΜΠΘ-paTypax οτ 0 flo 50°C π oduiew αηβλθηεπ ot 10 flo 30 ktc/cm^ b 3a-BHCEMOCTH ΟΤ COCTaBa ^paKIíHH Cg, rJiyÓHHH rBflpEpOBaHHH, aKTEB-hocth KaTaJiE3aTopa, coflepcsaHEB εηθρτηογο ra3a b Boflopofle γεαρε-pOBaHHH H Hp0H3B0flHT6JIBH0CTH. J3Xh Φρθκπεη Cg c coflep&aHHeM CgH^ μθηθθ'2 Bec.$ b "eE-AsI 062683” npnBefleHa B03M0SHan Harpy3Ka npndJi. οτ 5 flo 40 kt/jth. B "lE-As I 131 653” 3Ty BemmuHy yTOHBřWT μβκοξμ3χβηο flo30 kt/jth. B cnynae bhcokex HanaJiLHHX KOHfleHTpamtíí CgH^ πρη npn-μθηθηεξ flaHHoro cnocoda η/ητξ τηπη KaTajiE3aTopa flocTHraeMan /npOE3BOflHTeJIBHOCTB ΠΟ OHHTy npaKTEKH COCTaBJLHST ΜΘΗΘΘ 20 ΚΓ/JTH.Oto noflTBepjKflaioT h npuMepti no "dE-As I 062 693 , I 075 106 n I Ι3Γ 668", b κοτορυχ flase πρη οηθηβ hebkom coflepKaHEE CgH^nopnflKa Ι,Ι Bec.% πρκβθαθηη βθλεηεηη Harpy30K οτ 14 αο 16 κτ/ηη.KpoLie τογο β "DE-AS I 062 693" oópaflaiOT βηημβηηθ Ha Heodxofln-moctl B03BpaTa npoflyKTa b cnynae ποβηιπθηηηχ· KOHfleHTpannfi CgH^. Τ’ 224 472Bo H3desaHHe θτηχ HenocTaTKOB b "Offenlegungsschrift I 643124 π I 668785" £ JLH nonodHoro nponecca rznpnpoBaHZH b χζηκοΑ φ & 3β npenzaraioTπροζ3ΒοηπτΒ MHoroKpaTHyxi nonanes Bonopona TaxzM odpa3OM, HTodnsnUKaz yrJieBonopoAHan: cMecn b peaKTopé Hzrne He DNNA HacHiqeHaBonoponoM. Ilonana Bonopona προζ3Βοηζτοη oTnacTH Nepen peaxTo-POM, EPDM ΤΟΓΟ Ηθ ΜΘΗΘβ, ΉΘΜ Β AByX ΜΘΟΤβΧ HO ΠρθηΠΟΗΤΖΤΘΖΒΗΟ - 3-224 472 Done ηθγ.ί b nerapex flpyrnx MecTax peaKTopa. Πρημθηηθμκπ nata-jni3aTop coflepžXHT πρθαποητητθλβηο dJiaropoflHHn weTajui ηοοιιτθ Ha-Jie okkck araxffiiiHH and Taxne ηθθηβηπτθλβηοθ κολιίήθοτβο CBHHua.Tío3iipoBKa BOflopofla b Ηβκοτορκχ wecTax iiojihoctlio not γοτρακΗθτΒΒΙΙΠΘΠρηΒΘΑΘΗΗΗΘ HeflOCTaTKII & II IlflKOCpa3HOrO ΓΚΤζρΐίρΟΒΒΗΓχΗ KpOMe ΤΟ-ΓΟ TpeóyeT EME 3HamiTenBHHX αοποηηητθηβηηχ to 3aTpaT annapaTypyh Ha odopyflOBaHne ΚΙάΠ, hto h fle ^ aeT nponecc ieτ βτ -τ θ K OM K OM K K K 2 K 2 K 2-2-2 06 06 EB ajuiena. boppaKnnnx Cg, npn ocymecTBjreHHS CMecL hhakkx yrneBOflo-ρο, ηοΒ b npaKTinecKH ηθποαβκ ^ ηοη BOflopoflHoS aTMoeraepe npoxoflHTHafl HenoflBEKHHM οχοθμ KaTaJin3aTopa b KaTa-jiH3aTop coflepsHT ot 0.5 flo 5.0 Bec% iuiaTHHH Ha ηοοιιτθχθ. Han-jiy-quine pe3yjiBTaTH nojiynaíOTcn Ha najizrafliieBOM KaTannsaTope cMaKponopUCTHM UinEHeJILCOflepCSaiH0I4 ΗΟΒΠΤΘΧΘΜ OKHCH aJIDMKHIIH cyfleJiLHOH noBepxHOCTBio ot 20 flo 100 m ^ / γ. CoflepsaHne nnnHejinflOJDSHO thiUTB Ηθ ΜΘΗΘΘ 20%. B ΚΒΗΘΟΤΒβ innHHeJieodpa3OBaTeJLH npefl-nOHTHTeJIBHO CJiyKHT JIHTUfi. ΓηΑρΗρΟΒΒΗΗΘ HpOE3BOflHTCH ΠρΗ ΤΘΜΠΘ-paTypax οτ 0 flo 50C π oduiew αηβλθηεπ rpm 10 Flo 30 KTC / cm ^ b 3a-BHCEMOCTH ΟΤ COCTaBa ^ paKIíHH Cg, rJiyÓHHH rBflpEpOBaHHH, aKTEB-hocth KaTaJiE3aTopa, coflepcsaHEB εηθρτηογο ra3a b Boflopofle γεαρε-pOBaHHH H Hp0H3B0flHT6JIBH0CTH. B3M0SHan Harpy3Ka npndJi. Οτ 5 flo 40 kt / jth. B "lE-As I 131 653" / jth. B cnynae bhcokex HanaJiLHHX KOHfleHTpamtíí CGH-πρη npn μθηθηεξ flaHHoro cnocoda η / ητξ τηπη KaTajiE3aTopa flocTHraeMan / npOE3BOflHTeJIBHOCTB ΠΟ OHHTy npaKTEKH COCTaBJLHST ΜΘΗΘΘ 20 ΚΓ / h JTH.Oto noflTBepjKflaioT npuMepti no "DE-I 062 693, 075 106 I N I Ι3Γ 8. Η ο 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8------od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od cnynae ποβηιπθηηηχ · KOHfleHTpannfi CgH ^. 47 ’224 472
BnyTpoHHHM βΠΒΐ.τοτρ KaTajiH3aTopHNX Tpyd peaKTopa cocTaBJíneT 30βο 70 mm, a Tyrana - ot 2000 λ o 12000 mm. B KanecTBe oxTiasflaio-mero cpejíCTBa, icaK npaBi-uio, πρημθηηθτοη cBodoAHan ot nponiiHa najuieHa KinramaH ňpaicííHH Cg. Ηθαοοτβτκη stoto cnocoda npe^ne Bce-ro 3ai-yr:oHaí3TCH b tom, hto b cnynae cpejuinx ηηηηπβηηχ KOHiíGHTpa—ιχκΓι CgH^' (npndji. 3 Bec.$) yxe npn Harpy3Kax ot 15 λ o 20 κγ/ηηΡΒ3λοηθηηθ CgH^ οτηοοητθηβηο όκοτρο nanaeT, τακ ητο cpoKH cjiys-du KaTaJiireaTopoB, flocTHraer^e Ha cymecTBywK ra3opa3flejinTeJiB-HHX yCTaHOBKaX, CpaBHHTeJIBHO κοροτκκ, HO, C SpyroS CTOPOHH,nponecc rsspnpoBaHHH npn Harpy3Kax, nesamiix donee ηθμ Ha 40 %Huse npejiycMOTpeHHoS jw CTyneHH rimpnpoBaHHE HopnaJiiHofí na-rpy3KH, CTaHOBHTCH ηθοθπθκτηβηημ h no Mepe na^eHHH Harpy3KHΟΟΟΤΒΘΤΟΤΒΘΗΗΟ CHHHaeTCH. B dd-Ps 80 018 npejyiaraeTCH φηθοβηη cnocod opomeHHH c πρπΜθΗθ-ηξθμ TpydnaToro peaKTopa. Πρεμθηεθμηη npn stom KaTannsaTop co-aepKHT ot 0,2 xo. 5 Bec.% nanna^HH, a Taicse okhch τηκθηηχ μθτθπ-jiob nopfi£Ka 2 - 20-KpaTHoro KOJnrcecTBa najuiaHHH; sth okhch npennoHTHTSJíBHO b ycnoBHHX nponecca He βοοοτβηηβπεββιοτοη £0 MeTaoah odpa3yioT υοτοηηηβηθ κομεηθκοη· iíHafíiwoB. B KanecTBe npiicajíKHKaT8JiH3aTop πρθεποητπτθλβηο co^epsHT Ni hjihfg, Ag ra Cu h/hjihCr , Mo, Ma, Zn, Co hhh Cd . Ηοοητθηημη cnyxaT okhcb ηπκμηηηηiuih sByoKECB κρβΜΗΗΗ. Otot KaTaJIE3aT0p ΠΟ cpaBHSHIW C BHUléynO-MHHyTHM OTJIHHaeTCH Π0ΒΚΙΠΘΗΗΟΗ aKTEBHOCTLK) Η B CBH3H C 3THMTaKSe E ΠΟΒΗ1ΠΘΗΗΟΗ B03M0HH0H Harpy3KOH. OfíHaKO HeflOCTaTOK ero3aKjnonaeTCH b tom, ητο πρημθηηθμηη jyis θτογο npouecca KaTajin-3aTop b ycnoBHíix Henorpy3KH, BH3HBaeMofi, HanpnT.rep, HenonaUKaMHb cnóTeMe oxJiajES®HHH hjih HapyuieHneM opocHTeJiBHofl roa3H, odnana-otckjiohhoctbe) κ 3ΗκοκοοΒΗΒΒΗΗΐο. TaKHe padonne ρθΚΕΜΗ HadJIKffla-ktch, b nepsyio onepenL, npn nycKe η οοτβηοβκθ peaKTopa hjih baBapHfiEHx cHTyannHX πρθλβκτποηθηηκχ yanoB ycTaHOBKH, hto, kbknoKa3HBaeT οπητ, He Bcer^a mo&ho H3deaaTL. Ποοτγθ,ποτβηημπ stopohbjdwtch: πομθχη npn padoTe Ha cTaHHH rnspHpoBaHHH, οηιηθηηθynenLHon odBeMHon οκοροοτπ noflann, npesseBpeMeHHaH 3aMena KaTa-HH3aTopa. B "dS-Cs 2 059 978" onncaH cnocod οθηθκτεβηογο rnupnpoBaHHHsekkex opaKixHfí: Cg hjih C^ c πρημθηθηηθμ KaTannsaTopa, conepKa- - 5 - 224 472 iyero πρπάτ. οτ 0,1 #o 10 Bec.% najuianiiH b βοοοτβηοβλθηηομ BuseHa cneixiiajiBHOM ηοοητθηθ AL^Og c ΥΛθ^ΒΚοιι noBepxHOCTLio οτ 40 ho100 μ^/γ. 3tot KaTajni3aTop TpedyeT TeivinepaTyp rimpiipoBaniui no80°C. OdBeí.HíaH gkodoctb nofíaHH ero ορηβηητθπβηο HH3Ka. I.hKcii-MaJiLHan Harpy3Ka cocTaBJííieT npndn. 25 κγ/λή h HopMaJiBHan Ha-rpy3Ka b fíiiana30He οτ 5 no 13 κγ/jih. Lbnapi-ioe oTHOuienne εοβορο-na κ aiTeTiuieny KOJiedneTca i.iežiuxy I flo 5. JÍByxcTSjíitííHHH cnocod ormcaH b "DE-OS 2 107 568”. C η&πβιο otbo-na ochobhoh nacTH Tenna peaKiw Ha nepBoS cTanux HcnapneTCH οτ5 ro 50 Bec.$ CMecii yrneBonoponoB, tbk hto nonynaeTCH ci,ieman-Han roa3a. IlocJie KOH^eHcaiH-in yrJieBonoponHHx ra3OB, βηαθλθηξηHocKOHSOHCHpoBaBUEix ΛβΓΚϊΕ cocTaBHHx ηηοτθη (Bonopona, MeTaHa,yrneBonoponoB Cg η ΗΗβρτΗΗΧ ra30B) h noBHuieHHH padonero AaBJíe-HKH peaKIJHOHHaH CMeCB Ha BTOpOH CTa&KH B XHKKOM BEKe nponycKa-.stoh nepe3 KaTajineaTop riwpHpoBaHHH. Ha stoh cTanEH BonopondOJTBIUOH HaCTBIO paCTBOpLHOTCJT B yiVieBOflOpOSHOH φρ&ΚΙϊΗΗ. ΠρΗΜΘΗΗ-eMaa žpaiciXHH Cg b cywMe μηκοημθπβηο μοηθτ conepsaTB no 3 Bec.%nponHHa h ajuieHa. Πρη rnnpHpoBaHHH Φρβκη,ηη Cg TemepaTypu Haodenx cTajuwx JienaT Menny - 10 no + 50°C, naBjrefíne οτ 15 no 40dapoB. LlaiccEMazrBfíoe noBmneHHe TeMnepaTypn na ohhoh οτοπηπ ηθHojekho npeBHinaTB 20°C, b HopMajiBHOM cnynae #ase I0°C. Pacnono-ΗΘΗΗΗΘ B HeUOflBHHHHX CJIOKX KaTa<7IH3aTOpH npeSHOHTHTeJIBHO COflep&aTHHK6JIB imh najuiaflHH Ha HocHTejie c yneJiBHon ποβθρχηοοτβκ ot 50βο 100 μ^/γ h odiqHM odseMOM nop ot 0,3 #0 I ομ3/γ. Conep®aHHenajuiajxza Ha nepsofi οτθηξη cocTaBJraeT, Kaz npaBímo, ot 0,2 no0,8 Bec.$, a Ha BTopofi CTannH - ot 0,05 £0 0,4 Bec.%. BTopanCTaflHH MoseT coctohtb H3 ffByx pa3JTHHHHx cnoes KaTaHH3aTopa,npirceM bo ΒτοροΜ cjioe KaTajiH3aTopa conepxaHHe nannannH οοοτββ-jlhot, khk npaBiuio, ho wenee 0,05 Bec.% h ne donee 0,1 Bec.%. Ηθ,ΐξοοτετοκ onHcaHHoro b "DE-OS 2 107 508" cnocoda 3axjnoHaeTCHb tom, hto HeoďxoflBMoe npoBeseHHe KowHcaiw, BuneneHHe ra3ah noBHizefíiie nasneHUH Mesny nepBon.n Βτοροίί οτβπηημπ: ‘ TpetíyKzr '3HaHHTS-TBHHX ΠΟΠΟΗΗΗΤΘΠΒΗΗΧ ΚΒΠΒΗΟΗθΗΗΗ. I-Í3 οπηοηηιςη H3odpoT6HHH nanee BHTSKaeT, hto yse npn HanajiBHHXKOHqeHTpaiHiHX CgH^ nopnuita 3 Bec.% nacTB rnupspoBaHHofi φρ£κηηπCg HeodxoffHMo B03BpainaTB na nepByio cTanmo. HeodxonnMocTB bo3- 224 472BnyTpoHHHM βΠΒΐ.τοτρ KaTajiH3aTopHNX Tpyd peaKTopa cocTaBJíneT 30βο 70mm, and Tyrana - ot 2000 λ of 12000mm. B CecTBe oxTiSflaioMoCeCeBa, icaK npaBiLiO, cOncOhAnOn cOnBeReReRsHe ciOnHy CaHrHe cHeHH Cg. Ceθαοοτβτκη stoto cnocoda npe ^ ne Bce-ro 3ai-yr: oHaí3TCH b tom, hto b cnynae cpejuinx ηηηηπβηηχ KOHiíGHTpa — ιχκΓι CgH ^ '(npndji. 3 Bec. $) Yxe npn Harpy3Kax ot 15 λ o 20 κγ / όκοτρο nanaeT, τακ ητο cpoKH cjiys-du KaTaJiireaTopoB, flocTHraer ^ e Ha cymecTBywK ra3opa3flejinTeJiB-HHX yCTaHOBKaX, CpaBHHTeJIBHO κοροτκκ, HO, C spyros CTOPOHH, nponecc rsspnpoBaHHH npn Harpy3Kax, nesamiix donee ηθμ Ha 40% Huse npejiycMOTpeHHoS JW CTyneHH rimpnpoBaHHE HopnaJiiHofí on-rpy3KH , CTaHOBHTCH ηθοθπθκτηβηημ h no Mepe to ^ eHHH Harpy3KHΟΟΟΤΒΘΤΟΤΒΘΗΗΟ CHHHaeTCH. B dd-Ps 80 018 npejyiaraeTCH φηθοβηη cnocod opomeHHH c πρπΜθΗθ-ηξθμ TpydnaToro peaKTopa. KaTannsaTop co-aepKHT ot 0.2 xo. 5 Bec.% Nanna ^ HH, and Taicse okhch τηκθηηχ μθτθπ-jiob nopfi £ Ka 2 - 20-KpaTHoro KOJnrcecTBa najuiaHHH; sth okhch npennoHTHTSJíBHO b ycnoBHHX nponecca He βοοοτβηηβπεββιοτοη £ 0 MeTaoah odpa3yioT υοτοηηηβηθ κομεηθκοη · iíHafíiwoB. B KanecTBe getKHKaT8JiH3aTop πρθεποητπτθλβηο co ^ epsHT Ni hjihfg, Ag r Cu h / hjihCr, Mo, Ma, Zn, Co hhh Cd. Nyοοητθηημη cnyxaT okhcb ηπκμηηηηiuih sByoKECB κρβΜΗΗΗ. Otot KaTaJIE3aT0p ΠΟ cpaBHSHIW C BHUléynO-MHHyTHM OTJIHHaeTCH Π0ΒΚΙΠΘΗΗΟΗ aKTEBHOCTLK) C B CBH3H C 3THMTaKSe E ΠΟΒΗ1ΠΘΗΗΟΗ B03M0HH0H Harpy3KOH. OfíHaKO HeflOCTaTOK ero3aKjnonaeTCH b that ητο πρημθηηθμηη jyis θτογο npouecca KaTajin 3aTop-b ycnoBHíix Henorpy3KH, BH3HBaeMofi, HanpnT.rep, HenonaUKaMHb cnóTeMe oxJiajES®HHH hjih HapyuieHneM opocHTeJiBHofl roa3H, odnana-otckjiohhoctbe) κ 3ΗκοκοοΒΗΒΒΗΗΐο. K J J ρ J J J J J J J nep J J J J K K K K K K K K K K K K J J J J J b b b B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B Ποοτγθ, ποτβηημπ stopohbjdwtch: πομθχη npn padoTe Ha cTaHHH rnspHpoBaHHH, οηιηθηηθynenLHon odBeMHon οκοροοτπ noflann, npesseBpeMeHHaH 3aMena KaTa-HH3aTopa. B "dS-Cs 2 059 978" on cH cnocod οθηθκτεβηογο rnupnpoBaHHHsekkex opaKixHfí: Cg hjih C ^ c πTTTTT KaTannsaTopa, conepKa- - 5 - 224 472 iyero πρπάτ. οτ 0,1 #o 10 Bec.% najuianiiH b βοοοτβηοβλθηηομ BuseHa cneixiiajiBHOM ηοοητθηθ AL ^ Og c ΥΛθ ^ ΒΚοιι noBepxHOCTLio οτ 40 ho100 μ ^ / γ. 3tot KaTajni3aTop TpedyeT Teivinepa rimpiipoBaniei no80 ° C. FromBeí.HíaH gkodoctb nofíaHH ero ορηβηητθπβηο HH3Ka. I.hKcii-MaJiLHan Harpy3Ka cocTaBJííieT npndn. 25 κγ / λή h HopMaJiBHan Ha-rpy3Ka b fiiiana30He οτ 5 no 13 κγ / south. Lbnapi-ioe oTHOuienne εοβορο-na κ aiTeTiuieny KOJiedneTca i.iežiuxy I flo 5. JÍByxcTSjeitHHH cnocod ormcaH b "DE-OS 2 107 568" C η & $ CMecii yrneBonoponoB, TBK HTO nonynaeTCH ci ieman-Han roa3a. IlocJie KOH ^ eHcaiH-in yrJieBonoponHHx ra3OB, βηαθλθηξηHocKOHSOHCHpoBaBUEix ΛβΓΚϊΕ cocTaBHHx ηηοτθη (Bonopona, MeTaHa, yrneBonoponoB Cg η ΗΗβρτΗΗΧ ra30B) h noBHuieHHH padonero AaBJíe-HKH peaKIJHOHHaH CMeCB Ha BTOpOH CTA & KH b XHKKOM Beke nponycKa-.stoh nepe3 KaTajineaTop riwpHpoBaHHH. Ha stack cTanEH BonopondOJTBIUOH HaCTBIO paCTBOpLHOTCJT b yiVieBOflOpOSHOH φρ & ΚΙϊΗΗ. ΠρΗΜΘΗΗ-EMAA žpaiciXHH -C b cywMe μηκοημθπβηο μοηθτ conepsaTB NO3 Bec.% nponHHa h ajuieHa. Πρη rnnpHpoBaHHH Φρβκη, ηη Cg TemepaTypu Haodenx cTajuwx JienaT Menny - 10 no + 50 ° C, at Byrfin οτ 15 no 40dapoB .LlaiccEMazrBfíoe noBmneHHe TeMnepaTypn on ohhoh οτοπηπ ηθHojekho npeBHinaTB 20 ° C b HopMajiBHOM cnynae #ase I0 ° C. Pacnono-ΗΘΗΗΗΘ B HeUOflBHHHHX CJIOKX Kata <7IH3aTOpH npeSHOHTHTeJIBHO COflep & aTHHK6JIB IMH najuiaflHH Ha HocHTejie c yneJiBHon ποβθρχηοοτβκ rpm 50βο 100 μ ^ / γ h odiqHM odseMOM nop rpm 0.3 # 0 I 3μ3 / γ. Conep® and HHenajuiajxza Ha not cocTaBJraeT, Kaz npaBimo, ot 0.2 no0.8 Bec. $, And Ha BTopofi CTannH - ot 0.05 £ 0 0.4 Bec.%. BTopanCTaflHH MoseT coctohtb H3 ffByx pa3JTHHHHx cnoes KaTaHH3aTopa, npirceM bo Βοοτοβ cjioe KaTajiH3aTopa conepxaHHe nannannH οοοτββ-jlhot, khk npaBiuio, ho wenee 0,05 Bec. Ηθ, ΐξοοτετοκ onHcaHHoro b "DE-OS 2107508" cnocoda 3axjnoHaeTCHb that HTO HeoďxoflBMoe npoBeseHHe KowHcaiw, BuneneHHe ra3ah noBHizefíiie nasneHUH Mesna nepBon.n Βτοροίί οτβπηημπ 'TpetíyKzr' 3HaHHTS-TBHHX ΠΟΠΟΗΗΗΤΘΠΒΗΗΧ ΚΒΠΒΗΟΗθΗΗΗ. H3odpoT6HHH nanee BHTSKaeT, hto yse npn HanajiBHHXKOHqeHTpaiHiHX CgH ^ nopnuita 3 Bec. HeodxonnMocTB bo3- 224 472
BpaTa nposyKTa npn ποβημθηηηχ ηηη&τιβηηχ KOHixeHTpannHx cmíLHO He-HacHiyeHHHX κομποηθητοβ, b npHHiwe, npnBO£HT κ υβθλιγίθηιπο pacxo-£OB no TexHircecKOLiy oóopysoBaHino, a, c flpyron ctopohh, κ yweHB-meHino BHxo.ua no oÓBewy ji Bpei.ieHU. 3τοτ Ηθη,οοτΗτοκ npuBejíeHHoroκ jípyrnx cnocoóoB πμθθτ ocodoe 3Hanenne noTOtiy, hto b KHTepecaxnojiynefinn HandoJTLiuero BHxojía ojrečaiHOB nponecc nKpcviii3a yr;ieBo,no-ροΛΟΒ HanpaBJíneTCH Ha pacmeruieHiie b dcuiee secTKHx ycJioBHnx nτθμ car.iHM Heii3desHo πρπΒΟίητ κ Bce óojibihhm KOHneHTpaiíHHM anKiiHaη ajiKa^HeHa b KpeKHHr-ra3e. M nooTowy Ha Bcex οοβρθμθηηηχ ycTa-HOBKax coflepsamie CgH^ bo gjpaKiíKH Cg cocTaBJíHST b cpejínew dozree4 Bec.$, a nacTo npeBHinaeT w 5 Bec.$. B us-ps 3489809 mm skbhbójiohthom de-as I9I9336 oraicHBaeTCH μηογο-CTajíHgHHĚ cnocoó C OJJHOŽ ÍLBI ΗΘΟΚΟΖΓΒΚΗΜΗ BXOJÍHHMH CTa£HHM0 H OJÍ-hoS kohohhoS cTajínen jjjih οθλθκτκβηογο rujípKpoBaHKH m,;ewxcH bcywMe ot I jío 3 $ coejíHHeHBS aneTazieHa κ πρκ cjrynae jíněna H3 ra-30BHX ajnceHOBHx ποτοκοβ npn jíaBJíeHnii Meawy 0,35 jío 51,7 dap khkh TeMnepaiype ot 0 jío 300° C, npejnioHTHTeJiBHO οτ 100 jío 200° C.BpaTa nposyKTa npn ποβημθηηηχ ηηη & τιβηηχ KOHixeHTpannHx cmíLHO He-HacHiyeHHHX κομποηθητοβ b npHHiwe, npnBO HT κ υβθλιγίθηιπο £ £ pacxo- OB well TexHircecKOLiy oóopysoBaHino and c flpyron ctopohh, κ-yweHB meHino BHxo.ua no oÓBewy Bpei.ieHU it. 3τοτ Ηθη, οοτΗτοκ npuBejíeHHoroκ jípyrnx cnocoóoB πμθθτ ocodoe 3Hanenne noTOtiy, HTO b KHTepecaxnojiynefinn HandoJTLiuero BHxojía ojrečaiHOB nponecc nKpcviii3a yr; ieBo no-ροΛΟΒ HanpaBJíneTCH Ha pacmeruieHiie b dcuiee secTKHx ycJioBHnx nτθμ car.iHM Heii3desHo πρπΒΟίητ κ BCE óojibihhm KOHneHTpaiíHHM anKiiHaη ajiKa Mount Heha ^ b KpeKHHr -ra3e. M nooTowy Ha Bcex οοβρθμθηηηχ ycTa-HOBKax coflepsamie CgH ^ bo gjpaKiiKH Cg cocTaBJiHST b cpejnew dozree4 Bec. $, A nacTo npeBHinaeT w 5 Bec. $. B U.S. Patent 3489809 mm skbhbójiohthom DE-I9I9336 oraicHBaeTCH μηογο-CTajíHgHHĚ cnocoó C OJJHOŽ ÍLBI ΗΘΟΚΟΖΓΒΚΗΜΗ BXOJÍHHMH CTA £ HHM0 H Oji-HOS kohohhoS cTajínen jjjih οθλθκτκβηογο rujípKpoBaHKH m; ewxcH bcywMe ot I jio 3 $ coejíHHeHBS aneTazieHa κ πρκ cjrynae JINENE H3 ra-30BHX ajnceHOBHx ποτοκοβ npn jiaBJíeHnii Meawy 0.35 her 51.7 dap khkh TeMnepaiype ot 0 her 300 ° C;
Hcxojíhhm BemecTBOM npeHLíyinecTBeHHo hbjbwtch yimeBojíopojíHHe ποτο-kh Cg hct Cg. XapaKTepHHM jyra npejyiaraeMoro cnocoóa HBJweTcs bh-noHHeoe bxojíhoS CTajím m bxojíhhx cTajjnfi. B Hefi nzra b hzx npn-MeHHeŤoa KaTamraaTop cotoboS κοΗΟτργκίίκη, cojíepsainnS b KanecTBefíenocpejíCTBeHHoro KaTaziKTKHecKK—βκτζβηογο BeujecTBa ΜβτβΛπ 8-otrpynmi, npejmoHTHTeJE&fío οτ 0,01 jío 10 Bec. % ?d, n npn cny^ae προκιο-TOpH KaK Rh ,Ru , Au, Ag, Cu H7IH Pe , a Tanze OT I Jío 50 Bec. %aKTZBnpoBaHHoro,, ycTOHHHBoro oTHOcnreJiLHo oTsnraHHH OKcnjía, npeji-ποητητ&τγβηο οτ 5 jío 30 Bec. % ηκτκβκροβηηηογο ai2o3 , 3aHeceHHoroHa ocHOBHoe Tejro cotoboS: κοΗοτργκηκκ c 25 jío 2500 npoxojíHHMH Ka-Hcxojihhm BemecTBOM npeHLíyinecTBeHHo hbjbwtch yimeBojeopojíHHe ποτο-kh Cg hct Cg. XapaKTepHHM jyra npejyiaraeMoro cnocoóa HBJweTcs bh-noHHeoe bxojíhoS CTajím m bxojíhhx cTajjnfi. B Hefi nzra b hzx npn-MeHHeToa KaTamraaTop cotoboS κοΗΟτργκίίκη, cojíepsainnS b KanecTBefíenocpejíCTBeHHoro KaTaziKTKHecKK — βκτζβηογο BeujecTBa -βτβΛπ 8-otrpynmi, npejmoHTHTeJE & %? d, n npn cny ^ ae-TOpH KaK Rh, Ru, Au, Ag, Cu H7IH Pe, and Tanze OT I Jío 50 Bec. % aKTZBnpoBaHHoro ,, ycTOHHHBoro oTHOcnreJiLHo oTsnraHHH OKcnjia, npeji-ποητητ & τγβηο οτ 5 jio 30 Bec. % ηκτκβκροβηηηογο ai2o3, 3aHeceHHoroHa ocHOBHoe Tejro cotoboS: κοΗοτργκηκκ c 25 jio 2500 npoxojíHHMH Ka-
hhé npojíyKT npoxojíHT no ycTaHOBKe KaTajiH3aTopoB c ofeeMHo-npoc-TpaHCTBeHHon ckopoctbsd ot 50000 jío 4000000 oď/oó^nac. JlnHeg-Has CKopocTB noTOKa b npoxojíHHX naHaziax JiezuT Mezjgr 0,5 jío 50 μ/οθκ,npejmoHTHTejiBHo Mew 5 h 30 M/cen. - 7 - 224 472hh n-ncocHydBeHcOnHcOnOnHMO-npoc-TpaHCTBeHHon opcopoctbsd 00 50000 o 4000000 / / o / ac n. JlnHeg-Has CKopocTB noTOKa b nOxHHX naHaziax JiezuT Mezjgr 0.5 jo 50 μ / οθκ, npejmoHTHTejiBHo Mew 5 h 30 M / price. - 7 - 224 472
KaK 9T0 ΒΗΧΟβΗΤ H3 OHHCaHHH JÍ30dpeTeHHH, ΤΗΚΗΗ BHCOKaH CKOpOCTLnoToxa HeoóxojíHMa jvlh τογο, htoóh odecnenuTL .nocTaTOHHyB ceJieK-thbhoctl upopecca rnupHpoBamui. C homoiulh bxoahoh CTapnn mrabxoahhx cTajtua aneTiuiefíH η ληθηη paciuemuwTCH b cyMMe HanpzdJi. 0,5 ^hb corjiacoBamni c BHmeyKa3aHHHMH npHMepaMH npep-noHTHTejiBHo Ha 0,2 £o 0,3 %. KoHeHHaH CTauxH npejyioaeHHoro bus-ps 3489809 cnocoda cJiyxHT jyui ypazteHUH ocTaTKOB οοθαηηθηι®apeTiweHa hjih ffzefía h ημθθτ, κηκ θτο βηχορητ h3 npHMepoB, pacno-λοηθηηη2 b ffByx cjiohx KaTaJnraaTop, copepKaniHfl 0,001-0,5 % paHa OÓHHHO ΠρΗΜθΗΗβΜΟΜ OCHOBHOM ΒΘΉθΟΤΒΘ B Bí^e HaCTHp. B OCOÓOMcJiynae ceJieKTHBHoro rímpupoBamiH nponHHa h ajuieHa (odinaa κοηρθη-TpaiíHH oóohx κομποηθητοβ 1,0 KTiH 2,5 $), Hanpimiep nocjie bxoshoSCTajíKH, CHaÓJKSHHOH KaTaJHI3aT0p0M Pd-Al^ COTOBOH KOHCTpyKHHH,AocTHraeTCH ocTaTOK C^H4 οτ θ»29 P^HLmaoííHHCH b κοηθηηο2 cTaHHH Ha KaTajrz3aTope c 0,015 % pa Ha ochobhom BemecTBe b βηεθHaCTim H3 aKTHBHpOBaHHOrO A12O3 npH OÓBeMHO-npOCTpaHCTBeHHOHCKOpocTH οτ 14000 oď/oó^.Hac, fíecMOTps Ha TeMnepaTypy pearapEH200° C, toulko Ha npiadji. 60 ppm b.cyMMe.KaK 9T0 ΒΗΧΟβΗΤ H3 OHHCaHHH JI30dpeTeHHH, H BHCOKaH CKOpOCTLnoToxa HeoóxojHMa jvlh τογο, htoo odecnenuTL .nocTaTOHHyB ceJieK-thbhoctl upopecca rnupHpoBamui. C homoiulh bxoahoh CTapnn mrabxoahhx cTajtua aneTiuiefiH η ληθηη paciuemuwTCH b cyMMe HanpzdJi. 0.5 ^ hb corjiacoBamni c BHmeyKa3aHHHMH npHMepaMH npep-noHTHTejiBHo Ha 0.2 £ 0.3%. KoHeHHaH CTauxH npejyioaeHHoro bus-PS 3489809 cnocoda cJiyxHT jyui ypazteHUH ocTaTKOB οοθαηηθηι®apeTiweHa hjih ffzefía h ημθθτ, κηκ θτο βηχορητ h3 npHMepoB, pACN-b λοηθηηη2 ffByx cjiohx KaTaJnraaTop, copepKaniHfl 0.001-0.5% PahA oohhh ΠρΗΜθΗΗβΜΟΜ OCHOBHOM ΒΘΉθΟΤΒΘ Bi ^ B e HaCTHp. B OCOÓOMcJiynae ceJieKTHBHoro rímpupoBamiH nponHHa h ajuieHa (odinaa κοηρθη-TpaiíHH oóohx κομποηθητοβ KTiH 1.0 2.5 $) Hanpimiep nocjie bxoshoSCTajíKH, CHaÓJKSHHOH KaTaJHI3aT0p0M Pd-Al-COTOBOH KOHCTpyKHHH, AocTHraeTCH ocTaTOK C ^ H4 οτ θ »29 P ^ b HLmaoííHHCH κοηθηηο2 cTaHHH Ha KaTajrz3aTope c 0.015% pa Ha ochobh BemecTBe b βηεθHaCTim H3 aKTHbHHHBcHHOHCKOpocTH οτ 14000 oO / o ^. 60 ppm b.cyMMe.
Boodme oHHcaHHHfi b us-ps 3489809 hjih ds-as I9I9336 cnocod ημθθτpan cymecTBeHHHx HejxocTaTKOB. Tax ποκη3ΗΒ330Τ TenepL HMewre' οπη-th c KaTajnraaŤopaMH cotoboS κοΗοτρ^κπζπ, hto ohh hbjiítotch οήθηβΛοροΓΗΜΗ, b odmeM cjiynae cnenpajíLHHMH peararopaMH, a Tarase Tpedy-dt óqjiliiihx 3aTpaT ixpx MOHTa&e peararopa η, κροΜβ τογο, 3aHeceHHHeHa ocHOBsoe Terno κρτηπητχήθοκη—aKTHBHae cocTaBHHe nacTH x3-3aBHCOKOH JTHHeHHOS CKOpOCTH IIOTOKa ΠΟΡΒθΡΓΗΏΤΟΗ 3pO3HH B dOJILIHeMMacniTade, ηθμ odHHHo πρεμθηηθμηθ KaTajrn3aTopH. KpoMe τογο, bhxo-£HT H3 OHHCaHHH Η3θόρβΤθΗΗΗ, ΗΤΟ Η ΠρΗ 9TOM CHOCOČe, ΗΘΟΜΟΤρΗ HadojiLnme τθχηοπογηηθοκηθ 3aTpaTH jgisi ocymecTBJíeHHH cnocoda, copep-saHne chalho HeHacaineHHHX οοθρηηθηηη (apeTEJie.HH η ρηθηη) Heodxo-ΛΗΜΟ OrpaHHHHTL Ha 3 %. . - 8 - 224 472Boodme oHHcaHHHfi b us-ps 3489809 hjih ds-as I9I9336 cnocod ημθθτpan cymecTBeHHHx heyxocTaTKOB. Tax ποκη3ΗΒ330Τ TenepL HMewre 'οπη-th c KaTajnraaŤopaMH cotoboS κοΗοτρ ^ κπζπ, HTO ooh hbjiítotch οήθηβΛοροΓΗΜΗ b ODME cjiynae cnenpajíLHHMH peararopaMH and Taras TPED-dT óqjiliiihx 3aTpaT ixpx MOHTa & e peararopa η, κροΜβ τογο, 3aHeceHHHeHa ocHOBsoe Temo κρτηπητχήθοκη-aKTHBHae cocTaBHHe nacTH x3-3aBHCOKOH JTHHeHHOS CKOpOCTH IIOTOKa ΠΟΡΒθΡΓΗΏΤΟΗ 3pO3HH B dOJILIHeMMacniTade, ηθμ odHHHo πρεμθηηθμηθ KaTajrn3aTopH. KpoMe τογο, bhxo- £ H3 HT OHHCaHHH Η3θόρβΤθΗΗΗ, ΗΤΟ Η ΠρΗ 9TOM Chococat, ΗΘΟΜΟΤρΗ HadojiLnme τθχηοπογηηθοκηθ 3aTpaTH jgisi ocymecTBJíeHHH cnocoda, copep-chalho reaches HeHacaineHHHX οοθρηηθηηη (η ρηθηη apeTEJie.HH) Heodxo-ΛΗΜΟ OrpaHHHHTL Ha 3%. . - 8 - 224 472
HesocTaTKOM ηβμθτοη Tarase, hto npn cnocode comiacHO us-ps 3489809,HecMOTps Ha TpedyeMHe BHcoKne TeMnepaTypa pearaxmi, κοτορπβ npHHy—jyiTeJiiHo βη3ηβώς)τ yseJnneHEe odpa3OBaHHH ojmroMepoB, ημθθτοηCpaBHHTSJIBHO dOJIBIUOS OCTaTOK C-^ (B ΠρΗΜθρθ HpHdJI. 60 ppm).HesocTaTKOM ηβμθτοη Tarasy HTO npn cnocode comiacHO U.S. Patent 3489809, HecMOTps Ha TpedyeMHe BHcoKne TeMnepaTypa pearaxmi, κοτορπβ npHHy-jyiTeJiiHo βη3ηβώς) τ yseJnneHEe odpa3OBaHHH ojmroMepoB, ημθθτοηCpaBHHTSJIBHO dOJIBIUOS OCTaTOK Ci (B ΠρΗΜθρθ HpHdJI. 60 ppm).
UejiL H3odpeTeHHHUejiL H3odpeTeHHH
UejiBio E3odpeTeHHH ηβτιηθτοη pa3padoTKa cnocoda οθλθκτεβηογο γηή-pnpOBaHHH KH£KHX φρεΚΙξΗ& Cg, flanqaH B03M0SH0CTB OCyiHSCTBJIHTBnpoiíecc ΟΘΛΘΚΤΗΒΗΟΓΟ PEflpUpOBaHHH doraTHX npOÍUIHOM H aJUieHOMφρεκηπη Cg de3 B03BpaTa rimporeHH3aTa, c bhcokhm bhxoaom noodBewy η βρθμθηε η ποβηιιιθηηημ βηχο^ομ npomuiena npn cpaBHHTeJiB—ho ηθ3ηηηητθεβηηχ pacxosax no TexHiraecicoMy OdopyflOBamiIO H npHMe-ΗΘΗΗΘΜ OdHHHHX TpydnaTHX pSaKTOpOB JUIH OpOCHTeJIBHHX φa3. ΚρΟΜθτογο neJiL 3aKJiK>HaeTCH b ποβηπθηηη radKocTH cnocoda b οτηοπιθηηηHarpy3KH H H3desaHHH K7IH ΠΟ B03M0ZH0CTH ΠΟνΊΗΟΓΟ ECKJIIOHSHHHnyBCTBHTejiBHocTH κ noMexaM η3βθοτηηχ cnocodoB οροοητθεβηηχ ma3,B03HBKaE)Eíež HeH3desHO npn nycKe η ocTaHOBKe peararopa hjih se npsποηηηόηηοη Harpy3Ke.UejiBio E3odpeTeHHH ηβτιηθτοη pa3padoTKa cnocoda οθλθκτεβηογο γηή-pnpOBaHHH KH £ KHX φρεΚΙξΗ & Cg, flanqaH B03M0SH0CTB OCyiHSCTBJIHTBnpoiíecc ΟΘΛΘΚΤΗΒΗΟΓΟ PEflpUpOBaHHH doraTHX npOÍUIHOM H aJUieHOMφρεκηπη CG DE3 B03BpaTa rimporeHH3aTa c bhcokhm bhxoaom noodBewy η βρθμθηε η ποβηιιιθηηημ βηχο ^ ομ npomuiena npn-cpaBHHTeJiB it ηθ3ηηηητθεβηηχ pacxosax well TexHiraecicoMy OdopyflOBamiIO npHMe H-ΗΘΗΗΘΜ OdHHHHX TpydnaTHX pSaKTOpOB JUIH OpOCHTeJIBHHX φa3. ΚρΟΜθτογο neJiL 3aKJiK> HaeTCH b ποβηπθηηη radKocTH cnocoda b οτηοπιθηηηHarpy3KH H H3desaHHH K7IH ΠΟ B03M0ZH0CTH ΠΟνΊΗΟΓΟ ECKJIIOHSHHHnyBCTBHTejiBHocTH κ noMexaM η3βθοτηηχ cnocodoB οροοητθεβηηχ MA3, B03HBKaE) Eíež HeH3desHO NPN nycKe η ocTaHOBKe peararopa hjih with npsποηηηόηηοη Harpy3Ke.
IfejroseHHe cynniocTH H3odpeTeHHH 3a£ana H3odpeTeHHH coctoht b tom, htoCh cnocod ο&ηθκτηβηογο rnn-ρπρΟΒΗΚΕΙΗ doraTHX ηρΟΠΕΗΟΜ H aJUiefíOM HJfflKHX φρεκΗπβ Cg B opocn-TejTLHoÉ roa3e βμθοτθ c np^eímei^m λλη θτογο κετεηΗ3ετορ£ΜΗοφορΜΠΤΒ ΤΘΚΗΜ 0dpa30M, HTOdH, C ΟΛΗΟΗ CTOPOHH, ΠΟΛΗΘΗ θφφβΚΤΗΒ-hoctb KaTajin3aTopa h, b ochobhom, Tarase βηοοκθη οθηθητηβηοοτηcnocoda coxpaHHTiiicL npn bhcokom coAepsaHHH CgH^ b hcxoshoví φρεκ-ixkh Cg η/εηη πρη βρθμθηηο ; ηθποληοοτβιο odpa30BaBinefíCH hhh Hapy- - 9 - 224 472 iíieHHOií opocETejrBHoíí cna3e, a, c ípyrofí οτοροΗΕΐ, duna flocTKTHyTaBHCOKaH. ΠρΟ^ξΟΛΗΙΙΤΘΛΒΗΒΗ Harpy3Ka CTa#HII rimpnpOBaHRH πρίΐ 9φφθΚ-THBHOM pa3JIOB:eHHH GgH4 Π BNCOKOK CeJieKTIIBHOCTH (nOJIOJRKTeJIBHOMdanaHce no nponwieHy). B pesyjiLTaTe ηθποηηοοτβιο odpasoBaBniefícaopocnTeJiBHofi čpa3H b onpeňeneHHnx ycJioBímx HadmosaeTca napnnaJiL-Hoe ra3o<pa3Hoe rnnpiipoBanne b KaTajiii3aTopHOM cnoe, hto nen3dex-ho πρπΒοηητ κ bhcokim μθοτηημ TewnepaTypHHM rpanněHTaM, Tax Kanotboa Teiuia rimpnpoBaHna b sthx Mecrax npon3BOflHTca cyinecTBeHHOxyse. HocjrejtCTBHeM οτογο HBJíHeTca ducTpoe na^enne cejieKTEBHOCTHh CTaómiLHocTH nponecca nmpnpoBaHiM. Kpowe τογο θτο cnocodcT-ByeT noíEBJíeHHio nodonHHX peawní, b nacTHocTH peawin noJimviepH-3aiínn h paanoseHHH b cnynae πρκμθηθηηη οηθηβ βκτηβηηχ KaTann3a-τοροΒ, ητο β ftaJiLHefimeM πρκΒΟβητ κ CHicxerono θκτηβηοοτη hjth seκ 3aK0KC0BHBaHHK) KaTajiH3aTopoB. IIoaTOMy 3anana H3odpeTeHHH Kpowe τογο 3aKJH0HaeTca b tom, HTodnHanTH Tanze KaTajiH3aTopH, κοτορΗθ c nejiBio odecneneHna bhcokohfljrETejiLHoS narpy3KH odaanaioT bhcokoh βκτηβηοοτβιο, .neaaiOT B03~moshhm BHcoKyio οβΛΓβκτΕΒΗοοτΒ cnocoda b wpoKOM .nnanasoHe Ha-rpy3KH, ne no/iBepraioTCH 3aKOKcoBimaHHK) saae npn bhcokhx naaaaB-hhx KOHneHTpaiíMx CgH^, a Tarase b ycaoBHax OKCimyaTanHH, npnκοτορπχ He Bcer.ua mokho H3deaaTB HapymeHEH opocHTeaBHož ®a3H hKOTOpue ημθιοτ nposoJiXHTeJiBHHM cpoŘ cayadn #ase h npn aacTo npo-bojíemhx nycKax z ocTaHOBKax peaKTopa rHnpnpoBaHna. Πρη ceJieKTEBHOM rimpapoBaHEH doraTon nponHHOM h a/uieHOM khhkohφρΗκιχηη Cg b opocnTeJiBHofi ča3e Ha najuianzeBOM KaTannsaTope bBnne ΗβποβΒΗΚΗΟΓΟ cnoa b TpydaaTOM peaKTope sth 3anaan b coot-βθτοτβεη c H3odpeTeHHeM pemaiQT πρημθηθηιϊθμ KaTann3aTopHon cnc-τθμη, cocToaníen: H3 nByx pacnonoseHHHx Apyr Han; xpyroM cnoeBKHTajni3aTopoB, κοτορπβ pa3nnaaioTca no cbohm Φηθεηθοκημ, xEMnaec·kbm n KaTajmTJiHecKEM CBoficTBaM. KaTajiH3aTop ηηηηθγο cnoa coflep-sht ot 0,5 no 5 Bec.^ nannanna n npn H3BecTHHX ycnoBnax £05 Bec./o cepedpa, Menu, Himena, aens3a, xpowa, MOJmdfleHa, bojib-rapawa, nnHKa n/imn κθήμηη β βεηθ MeTanna nnn okhch Ha Manpono-pncTOM HOCHTejre, conepsaneM okhcb . anixníHna c ynentHofi nosepx-hoctbk) He doaee 50 M^/r, a Tarase SiOg no 10 sec.^. KaTajnraaTop - ΙΟ - 224 472IfejroseHHe cynniocTH H3odpeTeHHH 3a £ ana H3odpeTeHHH coctoht b that htoCh cnocod ο & ηθκτηβηογο RNN-ρπρΟΒΗΚΕΙΗ doraTHX ηρΟΠΕΗΟΜ H aJUiefíOM HJfflKHX φρεκΗπβ Cg B Opočna-TejTLHoÉ roa3e βμθοτθ c np ^ Eime microns λλη θτογο κετεηΗ3ετορ £ ΜΗοφορΜΠΤΒ ΤΘΚΗΜ 0dpa30M, HTOdH C ΟΛΗΟΗ OP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP T OP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP ο T T T T T g g g g g g g g g g g g g ηθποληοοτβιο odpa30BaBinefíCH hhh Hapy- - 9 - 224 472 í ií ií ií ií ií ií BH BH BH BH BH BH BH na na, a a a a a a a a a a yr yr of... ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ. ΠρΟ ^ ξΟΛΗΙΙΤΘΛΒΗΒΗ Harpy3Ka CTa # HII rimpnpOBaHRH πρίΐ 9φφθΚ-THBHOM pa3JIOB: eHHH GgH4 Π BNCOKOK CeJieKTIIBHOCTH (nOJIOJRKTeJIBHOMdanaHce no nponwieHy). B pesyjiLTaTe ηθποηηοοτβιο odpasoBaBniefícaopocnTeJiBHofi čpa3H b onpeňeneHHnx ycJioBímx HadmosaeTca napnnaJiL-Hoe ra3o <b pa3Hoe rnnpiipoBanne KaTajiii3aTopHOM cnoe, HTO-nen3dex it πρπΒοηητ κ bhcokim μθοτηημ TewnepaTypHHM rpanněHTaM, Tax Kanotboa Teiuia rimpnpoBaHna b sthx Mecrax npon3BOflHTca cyinecTBeHHOxyse. HocjrejtCTBHeM οτογο HBJíHeTca ducTpoe na ^ enne cejieKTEBHOCTHh CTaómiLHocTH nponecca nmpnpoBaHiM. Kpowe τογο θτο cnocodcT-ByeT noíEBJíeHHio nodonHHX peawní b nacTHocTH peawin noJimviepH-3aiínn h paanoseHHH b cnynae πρκμθηθηηη οηθηβ βκτηβηηχ KaTann3a-τοροΒ, ητο β ftaJiLHefimeM πρκΒΟβητ κ CHicxerono θκτηβηοοτη hjth seκ 3aK0KC0BHBaHHK) KaTajiH3aTopoB. IIoaTOMy 3anana H3odpeTeHHH Kpowe τογο 3aKJH0HaeTca b that HTodnHanTH KaTajiH3aTopH Tanzi, κοτορΗθ c nejiBio odecneneHna bhcokohfljrETejiLHoS narpy3KH odaanaioT bhcokoh βκτηβηοοτβιο, .neaaiOT B03 ~ moshhm BHcoKyio οβΛΓβκτΕΒΗοοτΒ cnocoda b wpoKOM .nnanasoHe Ha-rpy3KH, no no / iBepraioTCH 3aKOKcoBimaHHK) saae npn bhcokhx naaaaB- HHX KOHneHTpaiíMx-CGH, and Taras b ycaoBHax OKCimyaTanHH, npnκοτορπχ He Bcer.ua Mokh H3deaaTB HapymeHEH opocHTeaBHož ®a3H hKOTOpue ημθιοτ nposoJiXHTeJiBHHM cpoŘ cayadn #ase h npn AACt NPO-bojíemhx nycKax of ocTaHOBKax peaKTopa rHnpnpoBaHna. Πρη ceJieKTEBHOM rimpapoBaHEH doraTon nponHHOM H and / uieHOM khhkohφρΗκιχηη Cg b opocnTeJiBHofi ča3e Ha najuianzeBOM KaTannsaTope bBnne ΗβποβΒΗΚΗΟΓΟ cnoa b TpydaaTOM peaKTope MET 3anaan coot b-c βθτοτβεη H3odpeTeHHeM pemaiQT πρημθηθηιϊθμ KaTann3aTopHon CNC τθμη, cocToaníen: H3 nByx pacnonoseHHHx pyr Han; xpyroM cnoeBKHTajni3aTopoB, κοτορπβ pa3nnaaioTca no cbohm Φηθεηθοκημ, xEMnaec · kbm n KaTajmTJiHecKEM CBoficTBaM. KaTajiH3aTop ηηηηθγο cnoa coflep-sht ot 0.5 no 5 Bec. ^ Nannanna n npn H3BecTHHX ycnoBnax £ 05 nnn okhch Ha Manpono-pncTOM HOCHTejre, conepsaneM okhcb. anix anionicof nosepx-hoctbk) He doaee 50 M ^ / r, and Tarase SiOg no 10 sec. KaTajnraaTop - ΙΟ - 224,472
BepxHero cjioh οοΑθρπιτ οτ 0,1 a o 1,0 Bec.^ naJuiaAnn Ha Manpono-pncTOM HOCHTe.7ie Al 2¾ c ΥΆθΛΒΗοίί noBepxHOCTLio ηθ dojiee 25 μ^/γ.Εοαθθ new 50 % odřena πορ ηοοετθλη othochtca k nopaM pajuiycoMCBume 500 2. Πο H3odpeT6Hmo odnan HacnnnaH BucoTa cjioh EaTaJin3a-TOpHOĚ CI-ICTeMH ΟΟΟΤΒΒΛΗβΤ OT 2 AO 6 Μ, ΠρίΓΊΘΜ ΟΤΗΟίίΙΘΗΕβ Hactin-hoh bhcoth HEsnero KaTaJiH3aTopHoro cjioa κ BepxHewy caok) KOAed-jieTca b AHana30He οτ 0,5 ao 10. Οτηοιιιθηκθ BnyTpenHero AHai,:eTpaKaTaAH3aTopHofi Tpydn κ AHai^eTpy καπ κθ κ βηοοτθ min jynme Tad-λθτκη KaTanH3aTopa KOJiedJieTcn b npeAeJiax οτ 4 ao 30. Πο E3odpe-ΤΘΗΙΠ0 npou,ecc CeJieKTHBHOrO rSApíipOBaHKH Ha 3TOE KaTa7IH3aTOpHOllCHCTeMe npoBOAHTca c $paKAHen Cg, coAep&ameS coeAUHeHiiH CgH^ 9 Bec.$, lípu TewnepaType οτ 5 ao 50°C, αηβλθηηη ot 10 ao 35 ktc/cm^,otífceMHofi cKopocTn noAann keakoe ippaKiw Cg ao 40 κγ/jth, a mojihp—hom oTHoiiieHHH BOAopoAa κ CgH^ οτ I ao 10. HcxoAHaa ομθοβ pean-ijHORHoro ra3a coAep&HT πρθαποητιιτθλβηο 70 od.% BOAopoAa. B ne-Aecoodpa3HOM εοποληθηεε cnocoda corjiacHO E3odpeTeHmo εηακβηmpaKiíHH Cg nocTynaeT c TpedyewoS TeMnepaTypon, AOCTuraeMoS bcuiynae ηθο(3χοαημοοτη upír πομοιαη ηρθαβιμποηθηηογο TenAoodMeHHHKa,b peaKTop, 3anoAHeHHnS KaTajni3aTopHoS οηοτθμοξ, οοοτβθτοτβ^τοιιιθηΗ3θόρθτθΗΐπο. B BepxHefi nacTH peaKTopa kbakbS ecxoahhh npoAyKTpaBHOMepno pacnpeAeAHeTcn πο οταθηβηημ KaTaAH3aTopHHM*TpydaM cnOMODt&D HpUTOAHOZ ρηΟΠρθΑΟΑΗΤΘΑΒΗΟΙΙ ΟΞΟΤΘΜΗ, HanpEMep, Π0Α00ΗC ΟΟΗΑΗΜΗ HAH ΟΤΒθρΟΤΗίΒϊΗ. Ta3 rZApnpOBaHHH BBOAHTCH MeKAy pac-npeAeJiETeJiBHOH οηοτθμοκ h BepxHeS Tap&AKon KaTaAH3aTopHoro nyn-Ka. OHWHHan φρηκιτΗΗ Cg codzpaeTcn b ηεκηθη nacTH peaKTopa,ot-KyAa ona noAaeTcn b ποοαθαοββτθαβηο BKjnoaeHHyio OTnapHyio KOJioHHy.KaTajrn3aTopHne Tpydn weiOT oxAmmaromyio pydaiiiKy, 3anojiHeHHyio kea-koh «SpaKimefi Cg. TennoTa γηαρεροββηιιη otboahtch HcnapsraiwncHyiuieBOAOpOAaMH Cg. HeodxoAUMO odecnennBaTB, HTodu KaTaAH3aTopno Bcen ΒΗοοτθ ηβποηηθηηη dmi ozpyseH oxnaKAannen khakoctbio.YnpaBAeHne TeMnepaTypon peaKTopa ocyinecTEJineTCH, b ochobhom, npnnoMoiqn ΑΟΒΑθΗΗΗ oxAasAaiomeS zeakocth. KoJiimecTBo BOAopoAa n rny-dHHa rEApnpoBaHiiH peryjmpyioTcn α&βηθηηθμ b peaKTope b 30βεοημοο-te ot AaHHon TeMnepa.Typn b peaKTope z οοοτβθτοτβρομθγο cocTaBaecxoahoh rapaKunn Cg. B cnynae βηοοκογο coAepnaHHH ηηθρτηηχ co-CTaBHHx nacTen b ra3e rnAporeHH3annn ηβαηθτοη neJiecoodpa3HHMcdpoc AaBJíeHKH ηεκηθη nacTH peaKTopa. - II - 224 472BepxHero cjioh οοΑθρπιτ οτ 0,1 and 1,0 Bec. H3odpeT6Hmo odnan HacnnnaH BucoTa cjioh EaTaJin3a TOpHOĚ-Cl-2 OT ICTeMH ΟΟΟΤΒΒΛΗβΤ AO 6 Μ, ΠρίΓΊΘΜ ΟΤΗΟίίΙΘΗΕβ Hactin-Hoh bhcoth HEsnero KaTaJiH3aTopHoro cjioa κ BepxHewy ČAOK) KOAed jieTca-b AHana30He οτ 0.5 and 10th Οτηοιιιθηκθ BnyTpenHero Ahaia,: eTpaKaTaAH3aTopHofi Tpydn κ Ahaia ^ eTpy καπ κθ κ βηοοτθ min jynme Tad-λθτκη KaTanH3aTopa KOJiedJieTcn b npeAeJiax οτ 4 and 30th Πο E3odpe-ΤΘΗΙΠ0 npou ECC CeJieKTHBHOrO rSApíipOBaHKH Ha 3TOE KaTa7IH3aTOpHOllCHCTeMe npoBOAHTca C $ paKAHen Cg, coAep & Ames coeAUHeHiiH CGH ^ 9 Bec. $ , the lime tree TewnepaType οτ 5 and 50 ° C, αηβλθηηη 10 and 35 ktc / cm ^, with the Mofi cKopocTn noAann keakoe ippaKiw Cg and 40 κγ / jth, and mojihp — hom oTHoiiieHHH BOAopoAa κ CgH ^ οτ I and o 10. HcxoAHaa ομθοβ pean-ijHORHoro ra3a coAep & HT πρθαποητιιτθλβηο 70 from% BOAopoAa. B non-Aecoodpa3HOM εοποληθηεε cnocoda corjiacHO E3odpeTeHmo εηακβηmpaKiíHH Cg nocTynaeT c TpedyewoS TeMnepaTypon, AOCTuraeMoS bcuiynae ηθο (3χοαημοοτη vampire πομοιαη ηρθαβιμποηθηηογο TenAoodMeHHHKa b peaKTop, 3anoAHeHHnS KaTajni3aTopHoS οηοτθμοξ, οοοτβθτοτβ ^ τοιιιθηΗ3θόρθτθΗΐπο. B BepxHefi nacTH peaKTopa kbakbS ecxoahhh npoAyKTpaBHOMepno pacnpeAeAHeTcn πο οταθηβηημ KaTaAH3aTopHHM * TpydaM cnOMODt & D HpUTOAHOZ ρηΟΠρθΑΟΑΗΤΘΑΒΗΟΙΙ ΟΞΟΤΘΜΗ, HanpEMep, Π0Α00ΗC ΟΟΗΑΗΜΗ HAH ΟΤΒθρΟΤΗίΒϊΗ. TA3 rZApnpOBaHHH BBOAHTCH Meka pac-npeAeJiETeJiBHOH οηοτθμοκ h BepxHeS Tap & aconate KaTaAH3aTopHoro Now you-Ka. OHWHHan φρηκιτΗΗ Cg codzpaeTcn b ηεκηθη nacTH peaKTopa OT-KyAa she noAaeTcn b ποοαθαοββτθαβηο BKjnoaeHHyio OTnapHyio KOJioHHy .KaTajrn3aTopHne Tpydn weiOT oxAmmaromyio pydaiiiKy, 3anojiHeHHyio kea-koh «SpaKimefi Cg. ηαρεροββηιιη otboahtch HcnapsraiwncHyiuieBOAOpOAaMH Cg. HeodxoAUMO odecnennBaTB, HTodu KaTaAH3aTopno Bcen ΒΗοοτθ ηβποηηθηηη DMI ozpyseH oxnaKAannen khakoctbio.YnpaBAeHne TeMnepaTypon peaKTopa ocyinecTEJineTCH b ochobhom, npnnoMoiqn ΑΟΒΑθΗΗΗ oxAasAaiomeS zeakocth. EA H EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA B cnynae βηοοκογο coAepnaHHH ηηθρτηηχ co-CTaBHHx nacTen b ra3e rnAporeHH3annn ηβαηθτοη neJiecoodpa3HHMcdpoc AaBJíeHKH ηεκηθη nacTH peaKTopa. - II - 224,472
Ocodnx TpeóoBanmi, npesBHBJínewx κ ζζοτοτθ hcxoshhx nposynTOB,ΗΘΤ ΠΟ CpaBHOHIDO C Z3BeCTHHMZ CnOCOdaMZ. ΟβΗδΚΟ OHZ Ηβ SO7IMHHco^epsaTL κοητηκτηηθ w bo Bpesnow KOJiimecTBe. Φρ^κιχζη Cg neflOJmHa cosepnaTL Kanezmyio Bosy z na ra3a rzsporeHZ3anini jxons-ηή óhtb ynaJieHH b 3nannTeJiBHon i-.iepe CO z spyrne npzMecz nyTewnpeíCBapiiTeJiLHon MeTaHzsanzz. CodjncseHHe othx TpedoBanzn, nannpaBBJIO, Ηθ HBJLH6TCH ΠρΟ&ΙΘΙ.ϊΟΗ.Ocodnx TpeóoBanmi, npesBHBJínewx κ ζζοτοτθ hcxoshhx nposynTOB, Ο ΠΟ CpaBHOHIDO C Z3BeCTHHMZ CnOCOdaMZ. ZβΗδΚΟ OHZ Ηβ SO7IMHHco ^ epsaTL κοητηκτηηθ w bo Bpesnow KOJiimecTBe. Gρ ^ κιχζη Cg neflOJmHa cosepnaTL Kanezmyio Bosy z to ra3a rzsporeHZ3anini jxons-óhtb ynaJieHH b 3nannTeJiBHon i-.iepe CO from spyrne npzMecz nyTewnpeíCBapiiTeJiLHon MeTaHzsanzz. CodjncseHHe othx TpedoBanzn, nannpaBBJIO, HBθ HBJLH6TCH ΠρΟ &;.ϊΟΗ.
KaTajniTHHecKHe cBozcTBa cocTaBHHx nacTez z cTpyxTypa KaTanz3a-tophoz cncTeMH npzcnocadjizBaioTcn κ cneixzaJiLHHM ycsoBZHM nepepa-ÓOTKH ^paKIíHH Cg TaKHM OÓpa3OM, HTOÓH C03naTB OnTHMaJIBHHe yCJIO-bzh peawni no bo3mokhoctz sjih odměro KozznecTBa KaTannsaTopa. 0Ka3ajiocB, hto cimbho npoMOTHpoBaHHue KaTajiz3aTopn, b nacTnocTzKaTajniTHHecKHe cBozcTBa cocTaBHHx nacTez from cTpyxTypa KaTanz3a-tophoz cncTeMH npzcnocadjizBaioTcn κ cneixzaJiLHHM ycsoBZHM nepepa-ÓOTKH paKIíHH ^ Cg Takhte OÓpa3OM, HTOÓH C03naTB OnTHMaJIBHHe yCJIO-BZH peawni no bo3mokhoctz sjih azimuth KozznecTBa KaTannsaTopa. 0Ka3ajiocB, hto cimbho npoMOTHpoBaHHue KaTajiz3aTopn, b nacTnocTz
Tazze, κοτορκθ cosepsaT ozhcl ηηζθλη, b cmynae HapymeHZH opocz-Tazze, κοτορκθ cosepsaT ozhcl ηηζθλη, b cmynae HapymeHZH opocz-
TeJiBHon oa3n z 0Bn3aHH0z c stzm napnzazBHOz napo$a3Hoz peaznzz OCOdeHHO dHCTpO Z CEZBHO 3aZ0ZC0BHBaK)TCH ZpZ ΓΗΕρΚρΟΒΒΗΚΗ ČppaK- nzz Cg. HecMOTpa na sto, Tazze zaTajiz3aTopn βηγοληο woryT npz- μθηητβοη no B3odpeTeH®o zaz hhshzz zaTajiz3aTopHiiH cjioh, ne bh- 3HBas πρζ stom θτζχ oTpznaTeJiBnux θφφβζτοΒ. Jíase b tom cnynae, ecsz opocHTejiBHan $a3a napymaeTcn padonzMK nzzJiaMz c spařme HH3KOĚ narpy3K0H znz nacTo προβοηημημζ nyczaMZ z ocTaHOBzawz b ycJiOBKHX nepedoeB, το θτο He πρζΒο,ηζτ κ HapynieHiw nponecca rzs- pzpcBamm. ......... npentoysecTBeHHO: Πρζ cnocode no E3odpeTeHEK b ηεηηθμ cjioe/npnMenmoT zaTanz3aTop,cosepsamzS MeHee 2,0 npesnonTZTezLHo ot 0,5 so 1,2 Bec.% nansa-szn z κροΜβ Toro Qp6 so 0,5 Bec.% cepedpa e/?jih wesz, a Tazseot 2,0 &o 4,5 Bec.% nzzejin, seme3a e/iihz xpoMa b bw MeTazuiaZJIZ OZZCE. ΠροΜοτορΗ noBHniaioT nan ceJiezTZBHocTL, Taz z θζτζβηοοτβ zaTanzsa·Topa Z B CBH3Z C 3TZM TaKSe Z CnOCOdHOCTL Harpy3KZ CTanZZ rZS“pzpoBannn. CaMHfi dmaronpzHTHUz οωφβζτ socTzraeTcn Torsa, zorsacepedpo anz wesL, b ochobhom, npEMemroTcn b Bnse MeTazura, a hz-zezi, meze3o h/zjiz xpoM b Bzse ozzcz. najuiaszz π προΜοτορΗ,b ochobeom, paBHOMepno pacnpesezefíH no odmewy od^ewy noczTezn.HzcTze nenpoMOTzpoBaHnue najizaszeBue zaTazz3aTopH b oTHomenzzcemeKTZBHocTz, ηκτζβηοοτζ z cnocodHocTZ narpy3KH saioT HeysoBzeT· - 12 - 224 472 BOpiíTeJILHUe pe3yJILTaTH, XOTH ΟΗΠ no cnocody Π3Ο0ρβΤβΗΙΙΗ ΠρίΙΗΙΙΠ-nnaJiLHO πρημθηημη Kára ηηικηηη cjioíí raaTajni3aTopHOH οκοτθμη. Ilocn-tsjiL· npiaieiweMoro no n3odpeTeH®o raaTannsaTopa, b ochobhom, co-ctoht K3 d -ALgOg, raoTopan napany c bo3moáíkhmh He3HaaHTejiLHHMiiKOJiHHecTBaím TeTa-, nonLTa- ii/hjih raanna-ALgOg conepxnT eme wara-CHM2JILH0 flO 5 ΒβΟ.% SiOg, HO, B HHCTHOCTH, OT 2,0 £0 3,5 BeC.$siOg.SiOg dojiLinen aacTLio ποηκίηθτοη b cBH3aHHoií φορΜθ raara wyji—JIHT. HoCHTeJIL, B OCHOBHOM, ΗΜΘβΤ y^eJILHyK) nOBepXHOCTB OT 10 £030 μ^/γ h odLeM nop ot 0,25 no 0,05 cw3/r, npireew He MeHee 50 %OT hhx cocTaBJLHeT flojno nop pawcoM doJiLtne 500 S.TeJiBHon oa3n z 0Bn3aHH0z c stzm napnzazBHOz a 3Hoz peaznzz OCOdeHHO dHCTpO FROM CEZBHO 3aZ0ZC0BHBaK) TCH ZpZ ZΕρΚρΟΒΒΗΚΗ ČppaKnzz Cg. HecMOTpa on the TZZ, Tazz zaTajiz3aTopn βηγοληο woryT npz- μθηητβοη no B3odpeTeH®o za hhshzz zaTajiz3aTopHiiH cjioh, ne bh- 3HBas πρζ stom θτζχ oTpznaTeJiBnux θφφβζτοΒ. Jase b tom cnynae, ecsz opocHTejiBHan $ a3a napymaeTcn padonzMK nzzJiaMz c we can HH3KOĚ narpy3K0H znz nacTo προβοηημημζ nyczaMZ z ocTaHOBzawz b ycJiOBKHX nepedoeB, hο θτο He πρζΒο, ηζτ κ HapynieHiw nponecca rzs- pzpcBamm. ....εpepentop:::::::::::: :ζ :nnode33333333od3 b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b banz banzanzanzanzanz banzanz b b b b b b b bHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH H3 0,5HHHH Bec.% Cepedpa e / jih south wesz, and Tazseot 2.0 & 4.5 Bec.% Nzzejin, seme3a e / iihz xpoMa b bw MeTazuiaZJIZ OZZCE. ΠροΜοτορΗ noBHniaioT nan ceJiezTZBHocTL, Taz z θζτζβηοοτβ zaTanzsa · Topa Z B CBH3Z C 3TZM TaKSe Z CnOCOdHOCTL Harpy3KZ CTanZZ rZS “pzpoBannn. CaMHfi dmaronpzHTHUz οωφβζτ socTzraeTcn Torsa, zorsacepedpo anz wesL, b ochobhom, npEMemroTcn b Bnse MeTazura, a hz-zezi, meze3o h / zuz xpoM b Bzse ozzcz. najuiaszz π προΜοτορΗ b ochobeom, paBHOMepno pacnpesezefíH well odmewy from ^ Ewa noczTezn.HzcTze nenpoMOTzpoBaHnue najizaszeBue zaTazz3aTopH b oTHomenzzcemeKTZBHocTz, ηκτζβηοοτζ of cnocodHocTZ narpy3KH saioT HeysoBzeT · - 12 - The 224,472 BOpiíTeJILHUe pe3yJILTaTH, XOTH ΟΗΠ well cnocody Π3Ο0ρβΤβΗΙΙΗ ΠρίΙΗΙΙΠ-nnaJiLHO πρημθηημη Kára ηηικηηη cjioíí raaTajni3aTopHOH οκοτθμη. Loc n loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc loc T loc 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 HO, B HHCTHOCTH, OT 2.0 £ 0 3.5 BeC. $ SiOg.SiOg dojiLinen aacTLio ποηκίηθτοη b cBH3aHHoii φορΜθ raara wyji — JIHT. HoCHTeJIL, B OCHOBHOM, ΗΜΘβΤ y ^ eJILHyK) nOBepXHOCTB OT 10 £ 030 μ ^ / γ h odLeM nop ot 0.25 no 0.05 cw3 / r, npireew He MeHee 50% OT hhx cocTaBJLHeT flojno nop pawcoM doJiLtne 500 S.
CoftepnaHne nanjiamiiH, πρημθηηθμογο no H3otípeTeHiw b BepxneM cjioeKaTajiH3aTopa, npennoaTETejiLHo JieranT b npeneJiax ot 0,2 no 0,8 Bec%. HajuiamnS, b ochobhom, paBHOMepHo pacnpeneJieH no odnemy hoch-TejiH. LíaTepnan HocnTeJiH βζτθβηημ odpa3OM coctoht Η3 ajiLroa-ALgOg.Ee ynejiLHaa noBepxHocTL γηηβηημ odpa3OM οοοτηβ-ηηθτ 3 no 15 μ^/γh odneM nop He Mefíee 0,3 cm^/γ, οτθκοτορπχ He Mefíee 67 % npnxo-ηητοΗ Ha nopH pamnycoM dojmne 500 A h Maracra.iajiLfío 15 % Ha nopupansycoM Hnrae 100 A. 0raa3ajiocL ocodeHgo βηγοηηημ, raorna hoch-TejTL He HMeeT πορπ pannycoM Huse 100 A n He MeHee 75 % odměroodnema nop cocTaBJunoT nopn panaycoM donnine 500 A.CoftepnaHne nanjiamiiH, pnc, pnc, pnh, pIeHiw bepxnM cjioeKaTajiH3aTopa, npennoaTETejiLHo JieranT b npeneJiax ot 0.2 no 0.8 Bec%. Hajuiamn, b ochobhom, paBHOMepHo pacnpeneJieH no odnemy hoch-TejiH. LíaTepnan HocnTeJiH βζτθβηημ odpa3OM coctoht Η3 ajiLroa-ALgOg.Ee ynejiLHaa noBepxHocTL γηηβηημ odpa3OM οοοτηβ ηηθτ 3-amino-15 μ / γh odneM NOP He Mefíee 0.3 cm ^ / γ, οτθκοτορπχ He Mefíee 67% npnxo ηητοΗ-Ha nopH pamnycoM dojmne 500 A h Maracra.iajiLfío 15% Ha nopupansycoM Hnrae 100 A. 0raa3ajiocL ocodeHgo βηγοηηημ, raorna hoch-TejTL He HMeeT πορπ pannycoM Huse 100 A n He MeHee 75% rewarding nop cocTaBJunoT nopn panaycoM donnine 500 A.
Otíman BHCoTa raaTaJiH3aTopfíoro cjioh, a Tarase cooTHomeHne ηηοηπηηχbhcot odoHX KaTann3aTopHHx cnoeB b nepsyro oaepenn 3Ηβηοητ ot co-CTaBa hcxohhoh gjparanHH Cg, θφφβκτκΒΗΟΗ ηκτηβηοοτη raaTanH3aTop-HOH CHCTeMH, T.e. ΠρίΙΜβΗΗβΜΗΧ B OdOHX CJIOHX ΚΗΤΗΗΗ3ΗΤ0ρ0Β BfíyT-peHHero nnaMeTpa raaTann3aTopHHx Tpyd h TpedyeMoro pasnoseHHHCgH^. ňna ncxonHHx KOHneHTpannS CgH^ ot 4 no 8 Bec.$ c npuMefíe-HHeM npennaraeMHx no iraodpeTeHHH) raaTajiH3aTopoB h BHyTpeHHHx nn-aMeTpcB Tpyd ot 24 no 55 mm npn nponecce npennoHTeHne OTnaJOTOdmeĚ EfíCHIIHOH BHCOTe OdOHX KaTaJIE3aTOpfíHX CJIOeB OT 3 no 5 M HCOOTHOH9HHK) BHCOTH ΗΗΗΗβΓΟ KaTaJIK3aT0pfí0r0 CJIOH K BHCOTe BepX-fíero KaTaJiH3aTopHoro cjioh ot 1,5 no 7. OcodeHHo βηγο,ηηημ 0Ka3a-JIOCL COOTHOineHHe HaCHIIHOH BHCOTH ΟΗΟΘΒ KaTaJIHSaTOCOB OT 2 no 5. B cjiyaae HedoJiLmnx nnaMeTpoB Tpyd βηγο,ηηημ oraa3ajiocL πρξμθηθηηθdoJiLEero οοοτηοπιθηηη, a npz doJininEX nnaMeTpax - ηθμηογο μθηβιπθ-ro cooTsonieHHH b npeneJiax yraa3aHHoro nnana30Ha. - 13 - 224 472 Πο Η3θόρθτβΗΐπο KaTaJiH3aTop β odonx cjiohx μοςιθτ πγ.τθτβ o/ijiHaKo-Byio reo^eTpnnecKyio KOH$iirypaiíiw η pa3i.iep. ΟβΗδκο κβκ β οτηοιϊιθ-ΗΗΗ ΠΡΟΠ3ΒΟΛΙΙΤΘΛΒΗΟΟΤΙΙ npOUeCCa, ΤΒΚ Η Β ΟΤΗΟΙΙΙΘΗΗΗ ΟόρθΙξθΗΗΗ Cnpm.íeHaeMofi KaTajin3aTopHoS οεοτθμοη οηητβθτοη doJiee βηγοαηημnpi-iMeHHTL β ΒβρχΗθΜ cjioe KaTaJin3aTop, laiewin rpaHyjra ΗθΜΗΟΓΟóójiBiuero pa3Mepa, new KaTa7iii3aTopHHe rpaHyjm ηπςιηθγο cA0H.Pa3-jnriHH no pa3Mepaivi η φορΜθ KaTann3aTopoB odonx cjioeB aojdkhh óutlHaCTOJIBKO dOJIBIHHMH, HTOdH MOSHO dtUIO pa3£eJinTB HX C nOMOUíLK) CHT.TaKHM odpasoM, oda KaTannsaTopHHx choh Jierxo mojsho οτζβχζτζApyr ot Apyra, b nacTHocTH, npn BHrpy3Ke KaTaJinaaTopa. ΚροΜβ το-γο oto 0Ka3HBaeTCH πρηγοαηνμ npn BoccTaHOBJíeHim BHrpyjKeHHHX xa-TajiH3aTopoB, a Tarase npn 3arpy3xe BOccTaHOBJíeHHon KaTajiH3aTop—hoh cncTeMH.reoMe_TpnnecKaH_KOfí$HrypaiínH. xaTannsaTopoB μοχθτ óhtbpa3Hoodpa3Hon, HanpnMep, β bhas TadJieTOK, niapnxoB h/hth nnnnmx-·ρηκοΒ. Pa3i.iep Φορμοββηηογο KaTaJiH3aTopa paccniiTan no H3odpeTe-Hffio Tax, nTodn cooTnomeHne BHyTpeHHero snaMeTpa KaTaJin3aTopHofiTpyda κ nx AnaMeTpy'hjih se κ κ βηοοτθ nnn AJiniie KonedajiocB ot10 A o 25 β ηεκηθμ cJioe, a ot 5 flo 13 β sepxHeM cnoe κβτβτιβββτο—poB.Ím η 3 a ji ji ji ji a a a a a a a a a a a T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T X X X X T ΠρίΙΜβΗΗβΜΗΧ B OdOHX CJIOHX ΚΗΤΗΗΗ3ΗΤ0ρ0Β BfíyT-peHHero nnaMeTpa raaTann3aTopHHx Tpyd h TpedyeMoro pasnoseHHHCgH ^. NNA ncxonHHx KOHneHTpannS CGH-ol 4 NO 8 Bec. $ c npuMefíe-HHeM npennaraeMHx no iraodpeTeHHH) raaTajiH3aTopoB h BHyTpeHHHx nn aMeTpcB Tpyd ot 24 well 55 mm npn nponecce npennoHTeHne OTnaJOTOdmeĚ EfíCHIIHOH BHCOTe OdOHX KaTaJIE3aTOpfíHX CJIOeB OT 3 NO 5 M HCOOTHOH9HHK) BHCOTH ΗΗΗΗβΓΟ KaTaJIK3aT0pfí0r0 cJIOH K BHCOTe BepX-Fiero KaTaJiH3aTopHoro cjioh rt for 1.5 no 7 OcodeHHo βηγο, ηηημ 0Ka3a-JIOCL COOTHOineHHe HaCHIIHOH BHCOTH ΟΗΟΘΒ KaTaJIHSaTOCOB OT 2 nO 5. B cjiyaae HedoJiLmnx nnaMeTpoB Tpyd βηγο, ηηημ oraa3ajiocL πρξμθηθηηθdoJiLEero οοοτηοπιθηηη and HPH doJininEX nnaMeTpax - ηθμηογο μθηβιπθ-ro cooTsonieHHH b npeneJiax yraa3aHHoro nnana30Ha. - 13 - 224 472 Πο Η3θόρθτβΗΐπο KaTaJiH3aTop β odonx cjiohx μοςιθτ πγ.τθτβ α / ijiHaKo-Byio reo ^ eTpnnecKyio KOH $ iirypaiíiw η pa3i.iep. ΟβΗδκο κβκ β οτηοιϊιθ-ΗΗΗ ΠΡΟΠ3ΒΟΛΙΙΤΘΛΒΗΟΟΤΙΙ npOUeCCa, ΤΒΚ Η Β ΟΤΗΟΙΙΙΘΗΗΗ ΟόρθΙξθΗΗΗ Cnpm.íeHaeMofi KaTajin3aTopHoS οεοτθμοη οηητβθτοη doJiee βηγοαηημnpi iMeHHTL-β ΒβρχΗθΜ cjioe KaTaJin3aTop, laiewin rpaHyjra ΗθΜΗΟΓΟóójiBiuero pa3Mepa New KaTa7iii3aTopHHe rpaHyjm ηπςιηθγο cA0H.Pa3 jnriHH-amino pa3Mepaivi η φορΜθ KaTann3aTopoB odonx cjioeB aojdkhh óutlHaCTOJIBKO dOJIBIHHMH, HTOdH MOSHO dtUIO pa3 £ eJinTB HX C NOMOUCEL) CHT.TaKHM odpasoM, oda KaTannsaTopHHx choh Jierxo mine my οτζβχζτζApyr ot Apyra, b nacTHocTH, npn BHrpy3Ke KaTaJinaaTopa. KροΜβ το-γο από της και ρατική BHrpyjKeHHHX xa-TajiH3aTopoB, and Tarase npn 3arpy3xe BOccTaHOBJeHHon KaTajiH3aTop — hoh cncTeMH.reoMe_TpnnecKaH_KOfí $ HrypaiínH. xaTannsaTopoB μοχθτ óhtbpa3Hoodpa3Hon, HanpnMep, β bhas TadJieTOK, niapnxoB h / hth nnnnmx- · ρηκοΒ. Pa3i.iep Φορμοββηηογο KaTaJiH3aTopa paccniiTan amino-H3odpeTe Hffio Tax, nTodn cooTnomeHne BHyTpeHHero snaMeTpa KaTaJin3aTopHofiTpyda nx AnaMeTpy'hjih κ is κ κ βηοοτθ nnn AJiniie KonedajiocB ot10 A 25 β ηεκηθμ cJioe, 5 rpm and 13 flo sepxHeM cnoe κβτβτιβββτο β-POB.
Cnocod no E3odpeTeH®o ocyuíecTBAHeTcn πρβΑποΗτητθΛΤΒΗο b cjresyB-mnx ycjioBHBX. Εηακηη φρΒκιχπΗ Cg c TewnepaTypon ot 5 ao 20°C,b nacTHOCTn ot 5 ao I5°C, nosaeTcn hh'KaTajiH3aT opsán caoh, abkboahtch H3 peaKTopa b nwpooHHqeHHOM βηαθ c TeMnepaTypon ot15 £0 40°C, b nacTHOCTn ot 20 £0 35°C. Harpy3Ka Ha xaTannsaTopjshakoh aparazHH Cg, doraTon CgH^, οοοτηβληθτ πρθΑποητπτβΗΒΗο οτ5 flo 30, β nacTHOCTE οτ 5 ao 25 kt/jih, πρηηβΜ β cnynae He3HaHH-τθλβηογο coAepsaHHH nponnHa η ajuieHa β HeoHHmeHHon Spararnn Cg(CgH4 >3,5 Bec.%) npeflnoHHTaeMtifí Ananasoh Harpy3ran Ha κβτβηη-3aTop Aase npeBHinaeT 30 κγ/ηή.Cnocod no E3odpeTeH®o ocyuíecTBAHeTcn πρβΑποΗτητθΛΤΒΗο b cjresyB-mnx ycjioBHBX. Ε α ι g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g oh oh oh M M M M M M M M M ° C. Harpy3Ka Ha xaTannsaTopjshakoh aparazHH Cg, doraTon-CGH, οοοτηβληθτ πρθΑποητπτβΗΒΗο οτ5 flo 30 β nacTHOCTE οτ 5 and 25 kt / south πρηηβΜ β-cnynae He3HaHH τθλβηογο coAepsaHHH nponnHa ajuieHa η β HeoHHmeHHon Spararnn -C (CgH4> 3.5 Bec.%) npeflnoHHTaeMtifí Ananasoh Harpy3ran Ha κβτβηη-3aTop Aase npeBHinaeT 30 κγ / ηή.
HeodxojniMoe κοηηηθοτβο BOAopona b nepsyio onepeAB onpeAeHneTCHnoABepraeMHM γηαρηροββηκκ) KOJiznecTBOM CgHp a nooTOMy ueJieco-odpa3Ho BHpazaeTca mojlhphhm οοοτηοιπθηηθμ Bonopona κ CgH^. ΠρηπροΒθΑθΗηη cnocoda οτο οοοτηοπιθηηθ πρθαποητητθηβηο οοοτββηηθτot 1,2 ao 2,0. Β neJiax'-nojiyHeHHH· βηοοκογο βηχοαβ- nponiuieHa cηρΐϊΜβΗβΗΠδΜ CBeJsero KaTajiH3aTopa hjih nponecca rnApnpoBaHHH βsejiaTeALHO μηγκεχ yonoBHHX οτο οοοτηοιπθηηθ BHdnpaeTCH πο bo3- - ΙΑ· - 224 472 MOZHOCTH ΗΙΪ3ΚΟ. B03paCTaWIM MOJIHpHHLÍ COOTHOÍUeHIIGM BOSOpOfla KCgH4 yBeJiimmaeTCH iviyóHHa rimpupoBaHiiH, T.e. yueiiBiuaeTCH oc-TaTOHiioe CQnepsamie nponHHa n a/uieHa, a b onpeseseHnofi i.iepeTanze h bhxos npomuieHa. Tew He wenee η npn οοτβτοηηκχ nonneH-TpaiTKHX 10 ρρπΑυιη mojihphhx cooTHOineHi-mx Bosoposa κ CgH4 cBurne 2,0 b ycJioBHHx cnocoda no Π3θόρθτθίΐπκ 3HaniiTeJiLHoe hojih-neoTBO κομποηθητοβ CgH4, cosepzaiunxcn b HeonnqeHHon SpaKUím Cg,ceJieKTUBHo npeBpaiuaeTcn b npomweH. Tan Hanpmep, npn mojihphomcooTHomeHHH Bosoposa κ CgH4 nosyneHO dnno eme b cpesnew 50 % otTeopeTinecKii βο3μοκηογο Buxosa npomuieHa. Kpowe τογο onTnMajiB-Hoe MOJLapHoe cooTHomoHiie Bosoposa κ CgH4 3aBnciíT Tanze ot opo-na cJiyzÓH naTajiH3aTopHOH οηοτθμη η b cbh3íi c θτημ ηθμηογο yBe-jnranBaeTCH. Πρη BecBMa HH3KHX μοηηρηηχ οοοτηοπιθηηηχ, npezseBcero Huze I,2,nporpeccnBHo yBejrnHHBaeTCH odnew odpa3OBamw no-JIHMepOB B CBH3H C nOHHZaiaHHMCH H3ÓHTK0M BO^OpO^a. MOJIHpHHe C00T-HoineHHH Bosoposa n CgH^ οηοτιο mni Hnze 1,0 b TeneHne nposonzn-ΤΘΛΒΗΟΓΟ ΒρβΜβΗΗ SKCIITiyaTaiíHH OKa3HBaiOT HeáTiaronpnHTHOe ΒΟ37ξθίΐ-CTBňe Ha npoH3BOSHTeJiLHOCTL nponecca n, nan npaBOo, CHnzaHTopon cjiyzdH naTajnraaTopa.HeodxojniMoe BOAopona b nepsyio onepeAB onpeAeHneTCHnoABepraeMHM γηαρηροββηκκ) KOJiznecTBOM CgHp and nooTOMy ueJieco-odpa3Ho BHpazaeTca mojlhphhm. AoρηπροΒθΑθΗηη cnocoda οοο ηοοτηοπιθηηθ πρθαποητητθηβηο οοοτββηηθτot 1,2 and 2,0. Β neJiax'-nojiyHeHHH · βηοοκογο βηχοαβ- nponiuieHa cηρΐϊΜβΗβΗΠδΜ CBeJsero KaTajiH3aTopa hjih nponecca rnApnpoBaHHH βsejiaTeALHO μηγκεχ yonoBHHX οτο οοοτηοιπθηηθ BHdnpaeTCH πο bo3- - ΙΑ · - 224,472 MOZHOCTH ΗΙΪ3ΚΟ. B03paCTaWIM MY COFFEE COHEIHIIGM BOSOOPHE KCGH4YBEJIIMMAECHCHIHOHHIM RIMPUPOBaHiiH, T.e. yueiiBiuaeTCHO-TaTOHiOe CQnepsamie nponHHa n a / uieHa, a b onpesHnofi i.iepeTanze h bhxos npomieHa. Tew He Wen η npn-οοτβτοηηκχ nonneH TpaiTKHX 10 ρρπΑυιη mojihphhx cooTHOineHi Bosoposa κ MX-CgH4 cBurne 2.0 b ycJioBHHx cnocoda well Π3θόρθτθίΐπκ 3HaniiTeJiLHoe hojih-neoTBO κομποηθητοβ CgH4, cosepzaiunxcn b HeonnqeHHon SpaKUím Cg, ceJieKTUBHo npeBpaiuaeTcn npomweH b. Tan Hanpmep, npn mojihphomcooTHomeHHH Bosoposa κ CgH4 nosyneho dnno eme b cpesnew 50% otTeopeTinecKii βο3μοκηογο Buxosa npomuieHa. P g on g g g g ze g OJ g ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze g ze g ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze ze B η B B B B Π Π Π Π Π B B B B B B B H am am am am am am am am am am am am am am. MOJIHpHHe C00T-HoineHHH Bosoposa n CgH ^ οηοτιο mni Hnze 1.0 b TeneHne nposonzn-ΤΘΛΒΗΟΓΟρβΜβΗΗ SKCIITiyaTaiíHH OKa3HBaiOT HeáTiaronpnHTHOe ΒΟ37ξθίΐ-CTBn Ha HaNpoBOSHTeJiLHOCTL nponecca n, nan npaBOo, CHnzaHTopon cjiyzdH naTajnraaTopa.
Ho cnocotíy no iraodpeTeHEK) npeHMymecTBeHHo ncnojiB3yioT ra3 rnspn-poBaHHH c coaepsaHHeM Bosopo.ua He μθηθθ 85 od.%. B θτηχ ycoioBH-hx peanTop rH#p£poBaHHH, b ochobhom, μοζθτ padoTaTB de3 spocce-jnipoBaHHH ocTáTOHHoro ra3a b HHZHež nacTH peanTopa. B npnHnnnenpHMeHHMH h owecH ra3a rnspHpoBaHHH c cosepzaHneM Bosoposa hh-se 75 od.%. OsHano npn bhcokhx cosepsaHHHX CgH4 κ B03pacTanneMKOJEEraecTBe HHepTHoro ra3a HadjnosaeTCH HedJiaronpnHTHoe BJinaHneHa ycJioBHH saBJíeHHH h noTona BHyTpn peanTopa n b cbh3E c stem,b nacTHOcTH, Ha cnocodHocTB ero bo3moshoe Harpy3KE.Ho cnocotíy no iraodpeTeHEK) npeHMymecTBeHHo bByYyTe r3 rnspn-poBaHHH c coaepsaHHeM Bosopo.ua He μθηθθ 85 from. B θτηχ ycoioBH-hx peanTop rH # p £ poBaHHH, b ochobhom, μοζθτ padoTaTB de3 spocce-jnipoBaHHH ocTáTOHHoro ra3a b HHZHež nacTH peanTopa. B npnHnnnenpHMeHHMH h owecH ra3a rnspHpoBaHHH c cosepzaHneM Bosoposa hh-se 75 from.%. OsHano npn bhcokhx cosepsaHHHX hHepTHoro ra3a HadjnosaeTCH HedJiaronpnHTHoe BJinaHneHa ycJioBHH saBJiHHH h noTona BHyTpn peanTopa n b cbh3E c stem, b nacTHOcTH, Ha cnocodHocTB ero bo3moshoe Harpy3KE.
EnarosapH cnocotíy no E3odpeTeHEio mosho nepepadaTLmaTB mpanuznCg c HanajiLHOž noHneHTpannen CgH^ ot 8 Bec.$ e BHme, He pa3daB-jihh hcxoshhS nposyxT B03BpaT0M rííHpnpoBaHHOH ropamw Cg. H npnCpaBHHTeJIBHO HE3K0M COSepzaHEE CgH^ B HeOHHmeHHOfi φρεηΐίΗΞ Cgcnocotí padoTaeT c bhcohoS scóčpeKTEBHocTBio, ceJienTSBHOCTBio ecTatípoiLHocTBio. Ho npeHMymecTBa ero no cpaBHeHmo c Ε3ΒΘ0τηημηcnocodawH Tan ηθτκο He οκη3ηβηιοτοη Ha pe3ysBTaTax padora, nanb cjiynae πρΕΜβΗβΗΕΗ noBHmeHHnx e bncohhx HanajiBHnx noHneHTpa— 13:0:0 ^3¾ (CgH4 > npndji. 3,5 Bec.%). C πομοπιββ' cnocoda noX/ ??n = nacTun Ha mhjijihoh - 15 - 224 472 H3odpeTeHino προπιΐΗ h anneH woryT dhiTL ynaneHH tíe3 ocodnx 3aT-pyAHeHitíí no odiqeii dojiti b cywMe ^== 10 P?--. B cnynae, ecnn cno~cod no H30dpeTeHira BiunoHeH b ciicTewy ra3opa3HeJiHTeJiBHofi ycTa-hobkh h 3a cTyneHLio rnupupoBamiH cnenyeT, khk npaBiuro, cTyneHtpasflejieroiH nponnneHa h nponaHa nyyew neperoHKií, to'b HopManB-iiom cnynae ποοτητοηηο προβοηητβ ynanenne Kaanoro 113 odonx kom-ΙΙΟΗΘΗΤΟΒ CgH4 £0 ΚΟΗΗβΗΤρΗΐχΚΕΪ ^=. 100 ΡΡ-Π . TaKOM peKHM padOTHnoJiosHTeJiBHO CKa3HBaeTCH Ha danance nponHTieHa. JlajiLHeSuiee cy-mecTBeHHoe npenMyuíecTBo. cnocoda no H3odpeTeHino samrKnaeTcn bTOM, HTO B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT rJiyÓHHH ΓΗΠρΚρΟΒΒΗΚΗ B ΟρβΤξΗΘΜ £00- ,TnraioT OT 50 so 80 % TeopeTiraecKii βο3μοκηογο BHxona nponwieHa. B nepecneTe Ha HeoHWHHyio (Spaiaw Cg 3το πρπΒοηητ κ ποποπηη-TeJiBHowy BHxony npommeHa.EnarosapH cnocotíy no E3odpeTeHEio mosho nepepadaTLmaTB mpanuznCg c HanajiLHOž noHneHTpannen CgH ^ ot 8 Bec. Ee BHme, He pa3daB-jihh hcxoshhS nposyxT B03BpaTMMHiHpnpoBaHHOH ropamw Cg. H npnCpaBHHTeJIBH3K0M COSepzaHEE CgH ^ B HeOHHmeHHOfi φρεηΐίΗΞ Cgcnocotí padoTaeT c bhcohoS scóčpeKTEBHocTBio, ceJienTSBHOCTBio ecTatipoiLHocTBio. Ho npeHMymecTBa ero no cpaBHeHmo c Ε3ΒΘ0τηημηcnocodawH Tan ηθηκο He οκη3ηβηιοτοη Ha pe3ysBTaTax padora, nanb cjiynae πρΕΜβΗβΗΕΗ noBHmeHHnx e bncohhx HanajiBHnx noHneHTpa— 13: 0: 0 ^ 3¾ (CgH4> npndji. 3,5 Bec.%). C πομοπιββ 'cnocoda noX / ??? n = nacTun Ha mhjijihoh - 15 - 224 472 H3odpeTeHino προπιΐΗ h anneH woryT dhiTL ynaneHH tie3 ocodnx 3aT-pyAHeHitií no odiqeii dojiti b cywMe ^ == 10 P? -. B cnynae, ecnn CNO ~ cod no H30dpeTeHira BiunoHeH b ciicTewy ra3opa3HeJiHTeJiBHofi ycTa 3a-h hobkh cTyneHLio rnupupoBamiH cnenyeT, KHK npaBiuro, cTyneHtpasflejieroiH nponnneHa h nponaHa nyyew neperoHKií, to'b HopManB-iiom cnynae ποοτητοηηο προβοηητβ ynanenne Kaanoro 113 odonx com-CgH4 £ ΙΙΟΗΘΗΤΟΒ 0 ΚΟΗΗβΗΤρΗΐχΚΕΪ ^ =. 100 ΡΡ-Π. TAKOM peKHM padOTHnoJiosHTeJiBHO CKa3HBaeTCH Ha danance nponHTieHa. CytoTBeHHoe npenMyuIceTBo. cnocoda no H3odpeTeHino samrKnaeTcn bTOM, HTO B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT rJiyÓHHH ΓΗΠρΚρΟΒΒΗΚΗ B 00ρβΤξΗΘΜ £ 00-, TnraioT OT 50 with 80% TeopeTiraecKii βο3μοκηογο BHxona nponwieHa. B nepecneTe Ha HeoHWHHyio (Spaiaw Cg 3το πρπΒοηητ κ ποποπηη-TeJiBHowy BHxony npommeHa.
Cnocod no H3odpeTeH®o odecnennBaeT h npn bhcokoh HanajiB-Hofi KOHHeHTpaiíjm/noBHnieHHHe bhxohh no odsewy η βρθμθηη no cpaB-ΗΘΗΗΙΟ C H3BeCTHHMH CnOCOdaMH. CBH3aHHOe C 3ΤΞΜ 3HaHHTeJIBH0e ΠΟ-ΒΙΗΗΘΗΗΘ np0E3B0HHTeJILH0CTH HOCTEraeTCH B03M0SH0CTBK) BHCOKOHnpoHonsnTejiBHon Harpy3KH Ha KaTanH3aTopHyio cncTeMy, c ohhohCTOpOHH, Η HOBOHBHO HHETeJIBHHM CpOKOM CJiysdH ΚΒΤ3ΗΗ3ΒΤ0ρΒ, CHpyroff cTopoHH. Bojiee προηολζετθηβηη^ οροκ cnysdH noeTHraeTcnη b τηκηχ cnyHanx, ecjin μηογοκρητηημη nycKawH h οοτ3ΗοβκημηpeanTopa nnn se ηηκπθμη padora c MHHEMaJiBHoS Harpy3K0H BpeMeH-ho co3HaHH oneHB HedHaronpEHTHHe ycJiOBHH. Enaronapn bhcokoh ce-neKTHBHOcTH h hobojilho nnipoKOMy nnana3OHy Harpy3KH no cnocotíy,a EMeHHO Ha bcío KaTanH3aTopHyK) cncTewy nojiynaiOTCH ohohb xopo-inaa rndKOCTB h cTadHTiBHOCTL CTanim rnnpnpoBaHHH. Βηγοπηημ ona-3HBaeTcn Tanse npocTOTa TexHonornneοκογο otpopwieHHH cnocodaH3odpeTeHHH. KecMOTpn na. npenycMOTpeHHyio b npnHunne HByxcTanEn-hoctb cnocoda HeodxonnMo hhh peannsaiw cnocoda tohbko ohhhpeaKTop. TaK khk CBepx τογο oTnanaioT B03BpaT nponyKTa, npowe-syTOHHoe oxnasneHHe, MHorospaTHan nonana hcxohhhx nponyKTOB hnepepacnpeneJieHne peaKnnoHHoS ci-iecn Mesny oóohmh KaTajinaaTop-hhmh chohmh, to cnocod MOSHO peajiH30BaTB b HSBecTHHx peaKTopaxOpOCHTeHBHHX Ο&3 0Θ3 ΠΟΠΟϋΙΗΗΤΘ,ΤΓΒΗΟΓΟ . odopyHOBaHEH. ΠρΞ BHOBBctpohihbxch ycTaHOBKax θτο πρηΒοππτ κ 3Ηηηητθηβηοη skohomhh bpacxonax. - 16 - 224 472Cnocod no H3odpeTeH®o odecnennBaeT h npn bhcokoh HanajiB-Hofi KOHHeHTpaiim / noBHnieHHH bhxohh no odsewy η βρθμθηη no cpaB-ΗΘΗΗΙΟ C H3BeCTHHMH CnOCOdaMH. CBH3aHHOe C 3ΤΞΜ 3HaHHTeJIBH0e ΠΟ-ΒΙΗΗΘΗΗΘ np0E3B0HHTeJILH0CTH HOCTEraeTCH B03M0SH0CTBK) BHCOKOHnpoHonsnTejiBHon Harpy3KH Ha KaTanH3aTopHyio cncTeMy c ohhohCTOpOHH, Η HOBOHBHO HHETeJIBHHM CpOKOM CJiysdH ΚΒΤ3ΗΗ3ΒΤ0ρΒ, CHpyroff cTopoHH. Bojiee προηολζετθηβηη ^ οροκ cnysdH noeTHraeTcnη b τηκηχ cnyHanx, ecjin μηογοκρητηημη nycKawH h οοτ3ΗοβκημηpeanTopa NNN ηηκπθμη PADOR c MHHEMaJiBHoS Harpy3K0H BpeMeH-ho co3HaHH oneHB HedHaronpEHTHHe ycJiOBHH. Enaronapn bhcokoh ce-neKTHBHOcTH h hobojil nnipoKOMy nnana3OHy Harpy3KH no cnocotíy, and EMeHHO Ha bcío KaTanH3aTopHyK) cncTewy nojiynaiOTCH ohohb xopo-inaa rndKOCTB h cTadHTiBHOCTL CTanim rnnpnpoBaHHH. Onaηγοπηημ ona-3HBaeTcn Tanse npocTOTa TexHonornneοκογο otpopwieHHH cnocodaH3odpeTeHHH. KecMOTpn na. npenycMOTpeHHyio b npnHunne HByxcTanEn-hoctb cnocoda HeodxonnMo hhh peannsaiw cnocoda tohbko ohhhpeaKTop. KHK TaK CBepx τογο oTnanaioT B03BpaT nponyKTa, npowe-syTOHHoe oxnasneHHe, MHorospaTHan nonane hcxohhhx nponyKTOB hnepepacnpeneJieHne peaKnnoHHoS C iecn Mesna oóohmh KaTajinaaTop-hhmh chohmh, it cnocod Moshe peajiH30BaTB HSBecTHHx peaKTopaxOpOCHTeHBHHX Ο b & 3 0Θ3 ΠΟΠΟϋΙΗΗΤΘ, ΤΓΒΗΟΓΟ. odopyHOBaHEH. ΠρΞ BHOBBctpohihbxch ycTaHOBKax θτο πρηΒοππτ κ 3Ηηηητθηβηοη skohomhh bpacxonax. - 16 - 224 472
Cnocod no Π3θόρθτθΗΠΐο luunocTpnpyeTCH ηπηθ npnnepaMn:Cnocod no Π3θόρθτθΗΠΐο luunocTpnpyeTCH ηπηθ npnnepaMn:
Ilpniviep I Πρεβθαθηηηθ b Taójmue I KaTajiH3aTopn c oxapaKTepii3OBaKHUMH WE3H-ηθοκεμε η χημεηθοκημη cBoíícTBaiEi óhjih noflBeprnyTH ιιοπητθηιιημ Ha3aK0K00BHBaHne β οτθκεηηηοε annapaType npn pasJínninix Ter.mepaTy-pax. Πριι s tom Hafl hhmh nponycKajin Boflopofl β τθηθηηθ I naca npnKOMHaTHoS TeMnepaType, 3aTeM noflorpeBajin γορηηεμ ποτοκομ Boflopo-fla π τθχηεηθοκοε ηθοηεμθηηοε $paKmm Cg β τθηθηιιθ okojio 90 mhh.h noflBeprajni OTpadoTKe β τθηθηεθ 30 meh. npn cooTBeTCTByiomeíiTeMnepaType εοπητηηεη. Ποοεθ θτογο onpeflejinJiE coflepnaHne yrnepo-fla β odpa3ize KaTaJiE3aTopa.Even Ilpniviep Πρεβθαθηηηθ Taójmue b I c KaTajiH3aTopn oxapaKTepii3OBaKHUMH WE3H-ηθοκεμε η χημεηθοκημη cBoíícTBaiEi óhjih noflBeprnyTH ιιοπητθηιιημ Ha3aK0K00BHBaHne β οτθκεηηηοε annapaType pasJínninix Ter.mepaTy npn-Pax. Πριι with the Hyflo hhmh nponycKajin Boflopofl β τθηθηηθ I NACA npnKOMHaTHoS TeMnepaType, 3aTeM noflorpeBajin γορηηεμ ποτοκομ Boflopo-Fla π τθχηεηθοκοε ηθοηεμθηηοε $ paKmm Cg β τθηθηιιθ okojio 90 mhh.h noflBeprajni OTpadoTKe β τθηθηεθ 30 Meh. npn cooTBeTCTByiomeíiTeMnepaType εοπητηηεη. Ποοεθ θτογο onpeflejinJiE coflepnaHne yrnepo-fla β odpa3ize KaTaJiE3aTopa.
TadJizna I: Φε3εηθοκπθ η χεμηηθοκπθ noKasaTeJiH KaTajni3aTopoBTadJizna I: Tε3εηθοκπθ η χεμηηθοκπθ noKasaTeJiH KaTajni3aTopoB
KaTa?iE3aTop A · B B Γ Pd Β ΒΘΟ.% 0,63 1,09 0,38 0,94 Ag - — 0,083 0,098 N1O —tT — — — 4,06 0,51 Pe90^ 0,026 0,029 ; 0,063 0,022 Si02 _«l_ — — 2,71 — TneJiLHaa M^/r noBepxHocTL B 7,2 . 7,1 17,0 6,6' . 00ϊ»ΘΜ nop B CMS/r 0,44 0,41 0,39 0,37 B TOM EECJIg B % Ha:j r < 100 A • 0 0 0 0 r 100-500 | 2,3 2,5 7,7 2,7 r > 500 A. 97,7 97,5 92,3 97,3 PeHTreHOBCKan aELtSa- ajii>$a- ajiLáa- ajiBáa- cTpyKTypa Al 20g al2os Al2°3 ^2¾ Βηα TadneTKH TadJieTKH ΟφΘρΗΗΘΟΚΕΗ TadjieŤKH Pa3Mepn 4,7x4,7 4,5x4,6 2,0x4,0 · 4,5x4,6 - I? - 224 472 B KanecTBe peaKTopa cjrysjwa Tpyda c pydanmon, cncTewa nonorpe-Ba KOTopofi no3BOJLH6T τοηηοθ peryjizpoBaioie Ter.raeparrypH.KaTa? IE3aTop A · B B Γ Pd ΒΘΟ%.% 0.63 1.09 0.38 0.94 Ag - - 0.083 0.098 N10 —tT - - 4.06 0.51 Pe90 ^ 0.026 0.029; 0.063 0.022 SiO 2 · - 2.71 - TneiLHaa M ^ / r noBepxHocTL B 7.2. 7.1 17.0 6.6 '. 00ϊ »ΘΜ nop B CMS / r 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.37 B TOM EECJIg B% Ha: j r <100 A • 0 0 0 0 r 100-500 | 2,3 2,5 7,7 2,7 r> 500 A. 97,7 97,5 92,3 97,3 PeHTreHOBCKan aELtSa- ajii> $ a- ajiLaAaBaAcTpyKTypa Al 20g al2os Al2 ° 3 ^ 2¾ Tηα TadneTKH TadJieTKH ΟφΘρΗΗΘΟΚΕΗ TadjieTKH Pa3Mepn 4,7x4,7 4,5x4,6 2,0x4,0 · 4,5x4,6 - I? - 224 472 B KanecTBe peaKTopa cjrysjwa Tpyda c pydanmon, cncTewa nonorpe-Ba KOTopofi no3BOJLH6T τοηηοθ peryjizpoBaioie Ter.raeparrypH.
HcmiTaHiiH 33κοκοοβηβηηηη npoBOfliuniCL· bHcmiTaHiiH 33κοκοοβηβηηηη npoBOfliuniCL · b
CocTaB $paKixHH Cg:CocTaB $ paKixHH Cg:
Ilponan 3,45 sec Προπί-ΙΖΙΘΗ 91,88 sec ÁJLJieH 2,03 Bec ΠροππΗ 2,59 BecIlponan 3.45 sec Προπί-ΙΖΙΘΗ 91.88 sec ÁJLJieH 2.03 Bec ΠροππΗ 2.59 Bec
OcTaTOHHHe yrneBonopona Cg h C^OcTaTOHHHeYrneBonopona CgHCl3
LfoJiapiioe cooTHOineHHe Hg K CgH^ ΟόΒβΜ KaTajiK3aTopa:LfoJiapiioe cooTHOineHHe Hg CgH ^ ΟόΒβΒ KaTajiK3aTopa:
Harpy3Ka Ha KaTazm3aTop no ωρεκηηη Cg:Harpy3Ka Ha KaTazm3aTop no ωρεκηηη Cg:
JlaBJíeHne:JlaBJíeHne:
TewepaTypa ποπητηηηη: cjienywix ycJioBHHx:TewepaTypa ποπητηηηη: cjienywix ycJioBHHx:
4:125 MI4: 125 MI
400 od./od.nacHopMajiBHoe300 - 550°C400 od / od.nacHopMajiBHoe300 - 550 ° C
TeMnepaTypy ncnuTaHna c Kasární KaTajinaaTopoM yBejmnzBajm ot nc-ΠΗτηηηη κ ncnHTaHmo no 10 ivm 50 C. Pe3yJiBTaTH ηοπητηηηη no 3a-KOKcoBHBaHmo npeACTaBJíeHH b Tadnnne 2. Hnze Terme paTypu 300°CHH HH OflHOM E3 KaTaJIE3aT0p0B ΗΘ HadJIKWaEE 3ΗΜΘΤΗϋΧ ΟΤΛΟΚΘΗΕΗyimepojra. y KaTanE3aTopoB τπποβ B η Γ HadjncfíaeTCH cnnBHoe οτηο-BOHne KOKca yse npn TewnepaType 385°C, a Bume otok TeMnepaTypnbxoh mpaTCTTTTCT Cg b ρθθκτορ ποΗτη hojihoctbk) 3adEBaeTCH kokcobeshkme nponyKTar.ni, Tax ητο ηοπητηηηη npn donee bhcokhx TeimepaTypaxCTaHOBHTCH nen;eJiecoodpa3HHME. 224 472 - Ιδ -TeMnepaTypy ncnuTaHna c Kasární KaTajinaaTopoM yBejmnzBajm rt NC ΠΗτηηηη κ ncnHTaHmo No 10 50 C IVM Pe3yJiBTaTH ηοπητηηηη well 3a-b KOKcoBHBaHmo npeACTaBJíeHH Tadnnne second Hnze Terme paTypu 300 ° C H H HH OflHOM E3 KaTaJIE3aT0p0B ΗΘ HadJIKWaEE 3ΗΜΘΤΗϋΧ ΟΤΛΟΚΘΗΕΗyimepojra. y KaTanE3aTopoB τπποβ B η Γ HadjncfíaeTCH cnnBHoe οτηο-Bohn kokcha river npn TewnepaType YSE 385 ° C, and swelling Bume TeMnepaTypnbxoh mpaTCTTTTCT Cg ρθθκτορ ποΗτη hojihoctbk b) 3adEBaeTCH kokcobeshkme nponyKTar.ni, Tax ητο ηοπητηηηη npn donee bhcokhx TeimepaTypaxCTaHOBHTCH NEN; eJiecoodpa3HHME. 224,472 - Ιδ -
TadJinna 2: Pe3yjiBTaTH εοπητθηημ no 3ΡκοκοοβκββηειοTadJinna 2: Pe3yjiBTaTH εοπητθηημ no 3Ρκοκοοβκββηειο
TeMnepaTypa, B °C CosepsaHiie yrjrepo.ua Ha KaTajni3aTope, b Bec.% A B B Γ 300 0,17 340 0,19 0,68 0,28 345 0,23 350 0,18 1,68 360 0,12 0,21 5,45 0,88 365 0,13 8,90 5,88 430 27,45 Ha KaTajiH3aTope A dtuio npoBepeHo, ne npOIICXOfll-IT JIH 3aK0KC0BHBa·TeMnepaTypa, B ° C CosepsaHiie yrjrepo.ua Ha KaTajni3aTope, b Bec.% ABB Γ 300 0.17 340 0.19 0.68 0.28 345 0.23 350 0.18 1.68 360 0.12 0.21 5.45 0.88 365 0.13 8.90 5.88 430 27.45 Ha KaTajiH3aTope A dtuio npoBepeHo, no npOIICXOfll-IT JIH 3aK0KC0BHBa ·
Hze KaTa7iE3aTopoB 3a οήθτ KaTaztiiTinecKiix ium se τθωμηήθοκηχ pe-aKiínS. C 3to2 nex&io b .parmax BHineynoř.iHHyTHx ηοπητθηπη ηθοήηο-KpaTHo dtura πρημθηθηη TeMnepaTypa b HHTepBajie ot 500 #o 550°C,ho npn: 3TOM Ha KaTajiE3aTope A He óhjio odnapyseHo ηηκβκικ oTJiose-hhS KOKca.Hze KaTa7iE3aTopoB 3a οήθτ KaTaztiiTinecKiix ium with τθωμηήθοκηχ pe-aKiinS. C 3to2 nex & io b .parmax BHineyy.HHyTHx ηθοήηο-KpaTHo dtura ρ Te M Te ot A OK η OK η η OK OK ope OK OK OK
Ilpmep 2 K3 KaTajrasaTopoB, npnBe^eHHHx. c noKasaTeJLHM b Tadjnuje I, b kh-HecTBe KaTajiH3aTopHofi οηοτθμη óhjih HcncJii>3OBaKH KaTajm3aTop Bb ηε&ηθμ cjioe h KaTazni3aTop A b βθρχηθμ cjioe, noMeiqeHHHe βμθοτθb peaKTopHyio Tpytíy BnyTpeHHHM fliiaMeTpoM 51 m. Tpyóa CHH3y BBepx3anoJiHena cjiesyioiwi odpasow: Ha BHxone TpydH ycTaHOBJíeHa οητοβθηTápe jma, npHKpemreHHaH npysHHHHjHM kojilhom, Ha κοτοροκ noMeiqaeTCHtohkhh cjioh $apčopoBHX mapuKOB, 3a hhm cjie^yeT KaTajin3aTopHaa cnCTewa, a BepxHHM 3aTBopoM cjiysiiT Tanse cjioh cpapajopoBHx raapimoB.Odmas nacHiiHaH βηοοτβ KaTajiH3aTopHofi οηοτθμη οοοτββληθτ 3555 mm,οοοτηοξθηηθ ηκηηθγο KaTajiH3aTopHoro cjioh k BepxHeMy - 3,6. £na-Μθτρ ΠρΠΜβΗΗΘΜΗΧ mapČOpOBHX IIiapHKOB OICOJIO 10 MM. 224 472Ilpmep 2 K3 KaTajrasaTopoB, npnBe ^ eHHHx. c noKasaTeJLHM b Tadjnuje I b kh-HecTBe KaTajiH3aTopHofi οηοτθμη óhjih HcncJii> 3OBaKH KaTajm3aTop Bb ηε & ηθμ cjioe h KaTazni3aTop A b βθρχηθμ cjioe, noMeiqeHHHe βμθοτθb peaKTopHyio Tpytíy BnyTpeHHHM fliiaMeTpoM 51 m. Tpyóa CCH3 BBepx3anoJiHena cjiesyioiwi odpasow Ha BHxone TpydH ycTaHOBJíeHa οητοβθηTápe JMA , npHKpemreHHaH npysHHHHjHM kojilhom Ha κοτοροκ noMeiqaeTCHtohkhh cjioh $ apčopoBHX mapuKOB 3a HHM cjie ^ yet KaTajin3aTopHaa cnCTewa and BepxHHM 3aTBopoM cjiysiiT tans cjioh cpapajopoBHx raapimoB.Odmas nacHiiHaH βηοοτβ KaTajiH3aTopHofi οηοτθμη οοοτββληθτ 3555 mm, οοοτηοξθηηθ ηκηηθγο KaTajiH3aTopHoro cjioh to BepxHeMy - 3.6. £ to-Μθτρ ΠρΠΜβΗΗΘΜΗΧ mapČOpOBHX IIiapHKOB OICOJIO 10 MM. 224 472
Hepes rozoBHyio zbctb peaKTopa cBepxy b peaKzzoHiiyio Tpydy Biipuc—KMBaiOT TexHircecKyio HHXxyiO HeozzmeHHyio mpaiwno Cg, znennyio τθμ-nepaTypy okojio IO°C, z ojxhobpcijghho nosaKT HeodxosiRioe κοζζηθοτ-bo ra3a raspiipoBaHHH. Zi-mzan yrjieBOAopcwiaH cltgcl b Bo^opoA-co^epsameS aTMocraepe npoTeKaeT zepe3 KaTajiE3aTopzyio czcTe!.]y,npz-ήθμ npoiícxoflHT rzspzpoBafíze. ΚοζκζβοτΒο sosopo^a peryjnipyeTCHnpe^noHTUTeJiLHo saBzeHzeM b peaicTope, κοτοροθ b 3ββζοζι.ίοοτζ otsaHHHX padozzx ycJiOBZz KOJieóxeTCH ot 14,8 χο 16,0 ktc/ciAΓήερο-reHH3aT rapawiH Cg βηβοαητοη Z3 HZHHeS zacTH peazTopa, He cosep-zaiqex KaTajin3aTop. Kpor.ie τογο, ημθθτοη bo3moshoctb oTBoz;a ocTa~τοηηογο ra3a Z3 ra3OBoro npocTpaHCTBa HZ3a peaxTopa. Otboa TezzaΓΖξρζρΟΒΒΗΖΗ np0Z3B0flZTCH ΠρΖ HOMOUŠ OXZaJK^aKliyefi CZCTGMH C HCHa-pjroiiíeflcH žpaziínet Cg.Hepes rozoBHyio zbeab peaKTopa cBepxy bHeXyiHyyo mpaiwno Cg, znennyio τθμ-nepaTypes okojo IO ° C, from ojxhobpcijghho nosaKT HeodxosiRioe κοζζηθοτη ra3a raspiipoBaHHH. Zi-mzan yrjieBOAopcwiaH cltgcl b Bo ^ opoA-co ^ epsameS aTMocraepe npoTeKaeT zepe3 KaTajiE3aTopzyio czcTe!.] Y, npz-ή μ npoiícxoflHT rzspzpoBafiz. ΚοζκζβοτΒο sosopo ^ and ^ peryjnipyeTCHnpe noHTUTeJiLHo saBzeHzeM peaicTope b, b κοτοροθ 3ββζοζι.ίοοτζ otsaHHHX padozzx ycJiOBZz KOJieóxeTCH rpm 14.8 16.0 χο KTC / ciAΓήερο-Cg reHH3aT rapawiH βηβοαητοη Z3 HZHHeS zacTH peazTopa, Ile-cosep zaiqex KaTajin3aTop. Kpor.ie τογο, ημθθτοη bo3moshoctb oTBoz; and ocTa ~ τοηηογο ra3a Z3 ra3OBoro npocTpaHCTBa HZ3a peaxTopa. Otboa TezzaΓΖξρζρΟΒΒΗΖΗ np0Z3B0flZTCH ΠρΖ HOMOUŠ OXZaJK ^ aKliyefi CZCTGMH C HCHa-pjroiieeflcH žpaziínet Cg.
McXOAHHe Z ΚΟΗΘΗΗΗΘ npoayKTH OnpefteJIHIOTCH C ΠΟΓ.’ΙΟίΙίΒΙΟ Ζ3ΒβΟΤΗΗΧra3OxpoMaTorpa$EraecKHx μθτοαοβ c πριβλθηθηζθμ ^βτβκτοροΒ τθιυιο-προΒο,ξΗοοτΞ. JUh onpeAeJieHzz nponzHa z ajuieHa β otocTH B3Mepe-hzh zacTez Ha ΜκζυιζοΗ(ρριη) Kpowe τογο npEMeiraeTCH npzóop, ocHa-ΙΙίΘΗΗΗβ IUiai,íeHHO-HOHH3aiíHOHHHIvI ΛθΤΘΚΤΟρΟΜ. CoCTaB ZCXOfíHOZ ΤβΧΗΖ—ζθοκοζ ΗβοΉϋΠίθΗΗοβ čppaKnzz Cg KOJieáneTCH b cjieAynqzx npejxeJiax:McXOAHHe Z po npoayKTH OnpefteJIHIOTCH C ΠΟΓ.'ΙΟίΙίΒΙΟ Ζ3ΒβΟΤΗΗΧra3OxpoMaTorpa $ EraecKHx μθτοαοβ c πριβλθηθηζθμ ^ βτβκτοροΒ τθιυιο-προΒο, ξΗοοτΞ. U pe oto 3 Hz 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Ha Μ 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 n CoCTaB ZCXOfíHOZ ΤβΧΗΖ — ζθοκοζ ΗβοΉϋΠίθΗΗοβ čppaKnzz Cg KOJieáneTCH b cjieAynqzx npejxeJiax:
UponzH ot 0,74' £0 6,08 Bec.%UponzH ot 0.74 '£ 0 6.08 Bec.%
AjuieH ot 0,64 βο 5,38 Bec.$AjuieH ot 0.64 βο 5.38 Bec. $
CgH^ b cywúie Maze. 9,2 Bec.% ÍIponxxeH ot 78,46 £0 95,96 Bec.$ IIponaH ot 2,39 βο 6,21 Bec.% rTCHpHpOBaHHHfl Ta3 nepejí ΠρΖΜΘΗβΗΖΘΜ nOABepraKT MeTaHH3SiXHH. OhcosepsuT ot 91 ,n;o 92 oó.% Boflopojra, MeTana z ηθ3ηβηζτθζβηοθ ko-jnrcecTBO a30Ta. CosepaaHze · CO cocTasJíHeT < 4 ppm.CgH4bb Maze. 9.2 Bec.% ÍponxxeH ot 78.46 £ 0 95.96 Bec. $ IIponaH ot 2.39 βο 6.21 Bec.% RTCHpHpOBaHHHfl Ta3 do not pass ΠρΖΜΘΗβΗΖΘΜ nOABepraKT MeTaHH3SiXHH. OhcosepsuT ot 91, n 92 o o.% Boflopojra, MeTana from ηθ3ηβηζτθζβηοθ co-jnrcecTBO a30Ta. CosepaaHze · CO cocTasHeT <4 ppm.
XapaKTepHHe padozze napaMeTpH z pesyzBTara: npoBejjeHHoro b TazzxycJioBZíK npozecca rzapzpoBaHzz npo^cTaBJíeHH b Tadznue 3. OcTa-τοηηοθ cosepzaHxe CgH^ b KaTazz3aTe bo Bcex cxyzazx zi 10 ppm,.T.e. cTeneHB npeBpaiqeHZH > 99 %. - 20 - 224 472XaTaTePHHe padzTeTpH from pseudBeTiOnHHeOnBiZiBiBiOnBeRePzpoBaHzznOnHHeBHeItBeTeBeBeXcxyzazx z 10 10 ppm, T.e. cTeneHB npeBpaiqeHZH > 99%. - 20 - 224 472
TadJim^a 3: XapaKTepHHe padonne napaj.ieTpu π pe3yjiLTaTH, noJiynen-ηηθ ÓJiaroflapH npnMeneHKK) KaTajiii3aTopnoíí οιιοτθμη noH3odpeTeHiw 1. Harpy3Ka, b κγ/jih oTadJim ^ and 3: XapaKTepHHe padonne napaj.ieTpu π pe3yjiLTaTH, noJiynen-ηηθ ÓJiaroflapH npnMeneHKK) KaTajiii3aTopnoíí οιιοτθμη noH3odpeTeHiw 1. Harpy3Ka, b κγ / south o
2. Tep.mepaTypa b peaKTope, b C 3. MoJinpHoe οοοτηοιιιθηηθ κ 4. HanajiLHan κοηιζθητρηηηη ΟθΗθ, b Bec.$ 5. HanaJiBHan KOHneHTpawíH CgH^, b cyMMe b Bec.% 6. KoHenHan KOHHeHTpaHHH CgHg, b Bec.$ 7. Bhxos CX,.b % ot TeopeTimecKH BO3MO£Horo BHxo.ua I 2 3 4 5 6 7 9,57 35 1,81 3,37 4,34 6,82 26,99 10,87 35 1,39 3,14 5,59 5,12 67,43 13,04 23 1,33 3,36 8,73 5,96 72,24 14,13 35 1,31 3,69 4,99 4,71 74,41 16,96 35 1,44 4,66 1,81 5,42 61,04 17,61 34 1,30 3,38 6,10 5,01 75,35 19,13 28 1,22 4,32 9,13 5,87 84,29 19,57 35,5 1,22 3,81 5,03 4,72 83,27 19,57 32 1,30 4,07 2,74 4,80 75,25' 19,57 31 1,52 3,29 7,54 7,00 54,13 21,08 29 1,13 3,56 5,24 4,42 84,06 21,74 28 1,28 3,58 4,67 4,83 74,86 IIpHMep 3 IIpnMeHfíewyK) b cjiynae npHMepa 2 KaTajiH3aTopHyio cncTeLiy nojCBepra-k)t jyiHTeJiBHOMy ncnaTannio Ha ycTaHOBKe, onHcaHHofi Tanse b npume-pe 2. AfíajiHTimecKnfi kohtpojil ocymocTBJLHSTCH npn noi/ionpí ra3oxpo-MaTorparooB, ocHameHHHx βΘΤβκτορβΜΗ TenjionpoBojíHocTH. EJiarosapHTowy, hto paanoseHHe Ha otoh KaTajiH3aTopHOK CHCTene οηθηβbhgoko h cTadHHBHo, KaK sto, MePíysy npoHHM, no^TBep^aeTCH pe-3y^BTaTaí,m, npHBe^eHHHr.iH b npHMepe 2, aHSJiH3 MHKponpHMecefí CnH^ - 21 - 224 4722. Tep.epaTypa b peaKTope, b C 3. MoJinpHoe οοοτηοιιιθηηθ κ 4. HanajiLHan κοηιζθητρηηηη ΟθΗθ, b BecMae b Bec.% 6. Bhxos CX, .b% ot TeopeTimecKH BO3MO £ Horo BHxo.ua I 2 3 4 5 6 7 9.57 35 1.81 3.37 4.34 6.82 26.99 10.87 35 1.39 3.14 5.59 5.12 67.43 13.04 23 1.33 3.36 8.73 5.96 72.24 14.13 35 1.31 3.69 4.99 4.71 74.41 16.96 35 1.44 4.66 1.81 5.42 61.04 17.61 34 1.30 3.38 6.10 5.01 75.35 19.13 28 1.22 4.32 9.13 5, 87 84.29 19.57 35.5 1.22 3.81 5.03 4.72 83.27 19.57 32 1.30 4.07 2.74 4.80 75.25 '19.57 31 1 , 52 3.29 7.54 7.00 54.13 21.08 29 1.13 3.56 5.24 4.42 84.06 21.74 28 1.28 3.58 4.67 4.83 74 86 IIpHMep IIpnMeHfíewyK 3) b cjiynae npHMepa KaTajiH3aTopHyio cncTeLiy nojCBepra 2-k) t jyiHTeJiBHOMy ncnaTannio Ha ycTaHOBKe, tansy onHcaHHofi npume b-PE 2 AfíajiHTimecKnfi kohtpojil ocymocTBJLHSTCH npn noi / ionpí ra3oxpo-MaTorparooB, ocHameHHHx βΘΤβκτορβΜΗ TenjionpoBojíHocT H. Otoiar otoowy ,to otoTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT m m m m m m m m m m m m 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21
ΠρΟΒΟβΗΤΟΗ nyTeM Πρ00 Ha BHÓOp B ÓOJILIUIIX HHTepBSJíaX, HTOÓH pacxoAH na npoBe^eHHe aHa;m3a yjioKmiHCL b npEewieme πρθ,τρχκ. Πρικ.το-ΗΗΘί.ΊΗβ ηοχοαηηθ nposyKTH no cBoei.iy cocTaBy cooTBeTCTByíQT npiiBe-£eHHHM B HpHMepe 2. Bo BpeMH ΠρΟΒθΛθΗΧΗ ftJIETeJIBHOBO IICnHTaHIíHΠρΟΒΟβΗΤΟΗ nyTeM Πρ00 Ha BOHÓp B ÓOJILIUIIX HHTepBSJíaX, HTOÓH pacxoAH on npoBe ^ eHHe aHa; m3a yjioKmiHCL b npEewieme πρθ, τρχκ. Π ΊΗ ΊΗ ο ΊΗ KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT y KT KT KT KT c T KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT KT Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo Bo J J J J
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Harpy3Ka (snnKaa Φρηκιιηη Cg,jVEreJiLHaa sKciuryaTamifi) ΤθμπθpaTypa peaKTopaMojiHpfíoe cooTHomeHHe Hg/Cglí^ il-K npenenax: OT 14,8 fío 16,0 ktc/cm^ OT 10 Ro 22 kp /jih OT 25 RO 36 °C OT 1,0 ΛΟ 2,0 B ocodeHHOGTH bo BpeuH ocBoeHKH npoiíecca Harpy3Ka Ha KaTajinsa-τορ φρθκπΗΕ Cg cocTasJLHeT ηηκθ 10 κγ/jih. Hepefl nycKOM peaKTopaero npoAyBaHT BOflopojioM b Tenemie He ueHee 10 meh. , a 3aTeM Ha-HHHaioT no^aBaTB cppawiio Cg. KojizmecTBa rapawni Cg n BonoponanocTeneHHO noBHuiaiOT £0 npeítycMOTpeHHofi βθλεηεηη. Πρη ocTanoBKepeaKTopa nopany Spawní Cg npeitpamaiOT, οτβολητ Es peaKTopa einenoJiynaeLBíe κηεκηθ προκρκτκ z KpaTKOBpeMeHHO προΒορητ nponyBKyBOJÍOpOfíOM. npOBepKH. CTadlMBHOCTH Η Πρ0Ε3Β0,ΙξΕΤΘΛΒΗ00ΤΗ KaTaJIH3aT0OH0ScECTeMH h cnocoda peaKTop nycKao n ocTaHaBJínBann Bcero 22 pa3aoTHacTE b HaivíepeHHO. secTKHX ycjioBHHX, Hanpnwep, npn KpaííHe HE3-koh Harpy3Ke β τθηθηξθ cpaBHHTeJiLHo jyniTeJiLHHx itekjiob patíoTH hjihnpn HeKOHTpoJiEpyeMoS nonane ropaKiw Cg bo Bpei.iH nponecca ocTa-HOBKH EXE ΗΘΠΟΟρβ^ΟΤΒβΗΗΟ HOCJTe Ηθθ, H HeJreyCTpeMTiefíHO C03SaZIHaBapEHHHe CETyanEE., κοτορπθ τεπηηηη jym nponecca opocETeJiBHnx$a3. Pe3yjiBTaTH npnBeneHH β cbojíhoh TadJinne 4. - 22 - 224 472Harpy3Ka (snnKaa Φρηκιιηη Cg, jVEreJiLHaa sKciuryaTamifi) μθμπθpa a KT ea i pen oe pen ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 ,8 2.0 B ocodeHHOGTH and BpeuH ocBoeHKH npoieecca Harpy3Ka Ha KaTajinsa-τορ φρθκπΗΕ Cg cocTasJLHeT ηηκθ 10 κγ / south. Hepefl nycKOM peaKTopaero npoAyBaHT BOflopojioM b Tenemie He ueHee 10 meh. and 3aTeM Ha-HHHaioT no ^ aBaTB cppawiio Cg. KojizmecTBa rapawni Cg n BonoponanocTeneHHO noBHuiaiOT £ 0 npeítycMOTpeHHofi βθλεηεηη. Πρη ocTanoBKepeaKTopa nopany Spawni Cg npeitpamaiOT, οτβολητ Es peaKTopa einenoJiynaeLBie κηεκηθ προκρκτκ z KpaTKOBpeMeHHO προΒορητ nponyBKyBOJÍOpOfíOM. npOBepKH. CTadlMBHOCTH Π Πρ0Ε3Β0, ΙξΕΤΘΛΒΗ00ΤΗ KaTaJIH3aT0OH0ScECTeMH h cnocoda peaKTop nycKao n ocTaHaBJinBann Bcero 22 pa3aoTHacTE b HaiviepeHHO. secTKHX ycjioBHHX, Hanpnwep, npn-HE3 KpaííHe Koh Harpy3Ke β τθηθηξθ cpaBHHTeJiLHo jyniTeJiLHHx itekjiob patíoTH hjihnpn HeKOHTpoJiEpyeMoS nonane ropaKiw Cg Bo Bpei.iH nponecca Octa-HOBKH EXE ΗΘΠΟΟρβ ^ ΟΤΒβΗΗΟ HOCJTe Ηθθ H HeJreyCTpeMTiefíHO C03SaZIHaBapEHHHe CETyanEE., κοτορπθ τεπηηηη jym nponecca opocETeJiBHnx $ a3 . Pe3yjiBTaTH npnBeneHH β cbojíhoh TadJinne 4. - 22 - 224 472
Tadzzna 4: Pe3yjiBTaTU jyiKTeJiBHoro ιιοπητηηιιη na KaTaJiK3aTopHoftcHCTewe no H3odpeTeHHio 1. BpeMH aKcmryaTaiíHH, b h 2. KoJiinecTBO οοτβηοβοκ 3. Harpy3Ka, b κγ/λη 4. HanaJiBHan κοηηθητpanna, b βθο.% Ο^Ηθ 5. HanaJiLHaa KOHneHTpanna, b cywi.ie b βθο.% CgH^ 6. KoHeaHaa KOHneHTpanna Cgl-ίθ, b Bec.% 7. Bhxoa CgHg, b % ot TeopeTimecKH βο3μοκηογο BHxona I 2 3 4 5 6 7 200 3 17,39 3,44 4,87 5,21 66,50 1500 7 19,56 3,82 3,24 4,66 75,76 2500 8 19,56 3,50 4,45 4,72 73,59 3600 13 19,56 3,66 4,74 5,22 69,26 4500 17 19,71 3,38 5,40 5,22 66,24 5300 22 18,19 4,03 5,20 5,74 68,68 5500 22 17,99 3,72 4,63 5,12 72,27Tadzzna 4: Pe3yjiBTaTU jyiKTeJiBHoro ιιοπητηηιιη to KaTaJiK3aTopHoftcHCTewe no H3odpeTeHHio first BpeMH aKcmryaTaiíHH bh second KoJiinecTBO οοτβηοβοκ third Harpy3Ka b κγ / λη fourth HanaJiBHan κοηηθητpanna b βθο.% Ο ^ Ηθ fifth HanaJiLHaa KOHneHTpanna b b cywi.ie βθο.% CgH ^ 6. KoHeaHaa KOHneHTpanna Cgl-ίθ, b Bec.% 7. Bhxoa CgHg, b% ot TeopeTimecKH βο3μοκηογο BHxona I 2 3 4 5 6 7 200 3 17,39 3,44 4,87 5,21 66 , 50 1500 7 19.56 3.82 3.24 4.66 75.76 2500 8 19.56 3.50 4.45 4.72 73.59 3600 13 19.56 3.66 4.74 5.22 69.26 4500 17 19.71 3.38 5.40 5.22 66.24 5300 22 18.19 4.03 5.20 5.74 68.68 5500 22 17.99 3.72 4.63 5, 12 72.27
HecMOTpa Ha το, ητο zcmiTaHza npoBoniwzcB b aacTHHHo ohshb κβοτκζχ ycJioBHHX, pe3yjn>TaTH noKa3HBajoT OToyTCTBKe OTpznaTeaLHoroBJIHHHHH SX Ha ΟΤΖΗΉΗΗβ ΚΗΤΗΗΗΤΗΗΘΟΚΠΘ CBOÍÍCTBa ΚΒΤ3ΛΗ3ΒΤ0ρΗ0ΗcscTeMH, a Tanze ηθ προηοχοηητ cHBzeHna bhcokoh θφΦθκτζβηοοτηcnocoóa Ζ7ΙΖ ΠΟΒΗΙΠΘΗΗΗ naBJíeHHH ΚΒΤΒΖΗ3ΒΤ0ρΗ0Η ΟΗΟΤΘΜΗ H B CBH3Hc stem οηεζθηζη cnocodHocTn HarpysKH. Οοτβτοήηηθ conepzaHna προnsHa s ajurena aezaT Hnze npeneaa odHapyzzBaeMoz KOHneHTpannn,KOTopym mosho odHapyssBaTB aHaaz3aTopaMH, πρζΜβΗΗβΜΗΜΗ c neJiLioΠΟΟΤΟΗΚΗΟΓΟ KOHTpOJIH, Τ.θ. ΗΖΖΘ 100 ΗΒΟΤΘΙΙ Ha MSJUIHOH (ρρΐ.ϊ) Η,nan npsBHJio, naze Hnze 10 ppw, o ήθμ cBnneTejiBCTByioT z aHajnrauCJienOB, npOBOnZMHe BpeMH OT ΒρθΜΘΗΖ. Πο ΗΟΤΘΠΘΗΗΖ θφφθΚΤΕΒΗΟΓΟ ΒρθΜΘΗΖ SKCIUiyaTanZZ 6500 naCOB Ε0ΠΗ-Tamie npezpaTiMZ, ηθ Hadjnonaa 3a sto βρθμη οτζοζθηηη Kozca Ha 23 - 224 472HecMOTpa το Ha, b ητο zcmiTaHza npoBoniwzcB aacTHHHo ohshb κβοτκζχ ycJioBHHX, pe3yjn> Tathāta noKa3HBajoT OToyTCTBKe OTpznaTeaLHoroBJIHHHHH SX Ha ΟΤΖΗΉΗΗβ ΚΗΤΗΗΗΤΗΗΘΟΚΠΘ CBOÍÍCTBa ΚΒΤ3ΛΗ3ΒΤ0ρΗ0ΗcscTeMH and Tanzi ηθ προηοχοηητ cHBzeHna bhcokoh θφΦθκτζβηοοτηcnocoóa Ζ7ΙΖ ΠΟΒΗΙΠΘΗΗΗ naBJíeHHH ΚΒΤΒΖΗ3ΒΤ0ρΗ0Η ΟΗΟΤΘΜΗ H B CBH3Hc stem οηεζθηζη cnocodHocTn HarpysKH. Sοτβτοήηηθ conepzaHna προnsHa with ajurena aezaT Hnze npeneaa odHapyzzBaeMoz KOHneHTpannn, KOTopym mosho odHapyssBaTB aHaaz3aTopaMH, πρζΜβΗΗβΜΗΜΗc neJiLioΠΟΟΤΟΗΚΗΟΓΟ KOHTpOJIH, Τ.θ. ΗΖΖΘ 100 ΗΒΟΤΘΙΙ Ha MSJUIHOH (ρρΐ.ϊ) Η, nan npsBHJio, na Hnze 10 ppw, o cBnneTejiBCTByioT of aHajnrauCJienOB, npOBOnZMHe BpeMH OT ΒρθΜΘΗΖ. Πο ΗΟΤΘΠΘΗΗΖ θφφθCIΕΒΗΟΓΟ CIρθΜΘΗΖ SKCIUiyaTanZZ 6500 naCOB Ε0ΠΗ-Tamie npezpaTiMZ, ηθ Hadjnonaa 3a sto οτζοζθηηη Kozca Ha 23 - 224 472
KaTajinsaTopHOM cJioe ejih οηεηθηεη bhcokoe βκτεβηοοτιϊ, ceJicKTiro-hocth h cTadimLHocTH KaTajiH3aTopHoíí οηοτθμη iuih npouecca. ΠριίΜθρ 4: Ορηβηετθεβηηθ npiaiepu tf B peaKToptryio cECTewy, onucaHHyio b npnwepe 2, 3arpy^aiOT toebkoKaTajiH3aTop B, xapaKTepucTKKa κοτοροΓΟ ňařia b Tadjume I.Hacmi-Haa BHcoTa cjioh KaTajiH3aTopa cocTaBJíaeT 3350 + 50 mm. PadoTapeaKTopa προβο^ετοη b ycJioBEHX, οπηοηηηηχ b npmiepax 2 h 3.KaTajinsaTopHOM cJioe ejih οηεηθηεη bhcokoe βκτεβηοοτιϊ, ceJicKTiro-hocth h cTadimLHocTH KaTajiH3aTopHoi οηοτθμη iuih npouecca. 4 ι:::: 3::::::::::: 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 33 50 PadoTapeaKTopa προβο ^ ετοη b ycJioBEHX, οπηοηηηηχ b npmiepax 2 h 3.
CpaBHETeaBfíoe HcimTaHi-ie I ΠρπΜθΗΒθΜΗΗ KaT8JiH3aTop B 3arpy&aeTca, BHrpyaaeTca π padoTaeTTaK, K3K oriHcaHO b npwepe 2. IIoJiyaeHHHe pe3yJiBTaTH πρεβθαθηηb Tadjnnre 5. Ohh noKa3HBaioT, htó bhxoa npomuiena 3ΗΒΗξτθ;ιβηοMeHBine h hto sjih odecneHeHEa pa3aoseHiia ópaKEHH CgH^_ #o < 10 ppMHeodxosEMo npuderaTB κ dojiee BNcoKOMy MOJiapHOMy οτηοιιιθηεχ)CpaBHETeaBfíoe HcimTaHi-I IE ΠρπΜθΗΒθΜΗΗ KaT8JiH3aTop 3arpy B & AETC, BHrpyaaeTca π padoTaeTTaK, K3K oriHcaHO b npwepe second IIoJiyaeHHHe pe3yJiBTaTH πρεβθαθηηb Tadjnnre fifth Ooh noKa3HBaioT, HTO bhxoa npomuiena 3ΗΒΗξτθ; ιβηοMeHBine h hto sjih odecneHeHEa pa3aoseHiia ópaKEHH CGH ^ _ #O <10 ppMHeodxosEMo npuderaTB κ dojiee BNcoKOMy MOJiapHOMy οτηοιιιθηεχ)
Hg/CgH^, ηθμ b npHMepax 2 h 3. JUa τογο, ETodH b paMKax cymecT-Byícqero Ha flaHHOH ycTaHOBKS λββεθηεη mosho dtuo no^aBaTB b pe-aKTop noTpedHoe KOJnrcecTBo Bo^opojia, aeodxoflEMo bhboshtb 3ηβήη—TejiBHoe KOJinaecTBo οοτητοηηογο ra3a Z3 ηηεηθε ηβοτη peaKTopayse nocae KpaTKOBpeMeHHofi BKCimyaTaiwi řípa Harpy3Ke βηπιθ15 κγ/jth. IlocJie npHÓJi. 100 padoaEx aacoB h rsyKpaTHHx nycKOB eocTanoBOK peaKTopa npomiH h ájuiea paaTiaraiOTca b ποηεζθηηοη οτθ-εθηε (cTeneHB pa3Jio&eHHH CgH^ 80 %), ΗθΟΜΟτρπ Ha ποβηιπθηηοθKOJnraecTBo nosaBaeMoro Bo^opo^a, a c BospacTajoinež Epo^cJisETeJiB-hoctbio 3KcimyaTaiTEH pe3yJiBTaT Epo^ojmaeT yxyjTniaTBca. C ποηηζθ-HiieM οτθπθηη pacuieiueHiiH yxy^maeTca Tarae h ceaeKTEBHocTB, tbkhto b cpe^HeM, b κοηθηηομ CHBTe, Hadjií^raioTca rase ποτερπ προπΕ-jieHa. Ho εοτθηθηηη 673 οΦΦθκτεβηκχ padoHEx aacoB εοπητηηεθ npe-KpaTJDiH nyTeM Bnrpy3KE KaTajiH3aTopa E3-3a ejioxex pe3yjr&TaT0B hpe3K0 ΠΟΒΗΠΙΘΗΗΟΕ pa3H0CTE ^ΘΒΛβΗΙΠί. Ha BHrpyseHHOM ΚΒΤ3ΛΗ3ΒΤ0ρθnpesre scero b BepxHen nacTE κβτβςεη3βτοόηογο cjioh dtuiE odfíapyse-HH CEJIBHHe OTJtOSeHHH KOKCa. B 3TOH 3ΟΗΘ ΚΒΤΒΗΗ3ΒΤ COftepíSaJI OT10 ro 25 % yrJiepo.ua. - 24 - 224 472Hg / CGH ^, b ηθμ npHMepax 2 h 3. Yu τογο, ETodH b paMKax cymecT-Ha Byícqero flaHHOH ycTaHOBKS λββεθηεη Moshe dtuo NOx aBaTB PE-b aKTop noTpedHoe KOJnrcecTBo Bo-drunken, aeodxoflEMo bhboshtb 3ηβήη-TejiBHoe KOJinaecTBo οοτητοηηογο ra3a Z3 ηηεηθε ηβοτη peaKTopayse nocae KpaTKOBpeMeHHofi BKCimyaTaiwi rape Harpy3Ke βηπιθ15 κγ / jth. IlocJie npHÓJi. 100 padoaEx aacoB h rsyKpaTHHx nycKOB eocTanoBOK peaKTopa npomiH h ájuiea paaTiaraiOTca b ποηεζθηηοη οτθ-εθηε (cTeneHB pa3Jio & ehhh CGH ^ 80%) ΗθΟΜΟτρπ Ha ποβηιπθηηοθKOJnraecTBo nosaBaeMoro Bo ^ OPO-A, AC BospacTajoinež Epo-cJisETeJiB-hoctbio 3KcimyaTaiTEH pe3yJiBTaT Epo-ojmaeT yxyjTniaTBca. C ποηηζθ-HiieM οτθπθηη pacuieiueHiiH yxy ^ maeTca Tarae h ceaeKTEBHocTB, tbkhto b cpe ^ HeM, b κοηθηηομ CHBTe, Hadjie ^ raioTca rasa ποτερπ προπΕ-jieHa. Ho εοτθηθηηη 673 οΦΦθκτεβηκχ padoHEx aacoB εοπητηηεθ npe-KpaTJDiH nyTeM Bnrpy3KE KaTajiH3aTopa E3-3a ejioxex pe3yjr & TaT0B hpe3K0 ΠΟΒΗΠΙΘΗΗΟΕ pa3H0CTE ^ ΘΒΛβΗΙΠί. Ha BHrpyseHHOM ΚΒΤ3ΛΗ3ΒΤ0ρθnpesre scero b BepxHen nacTE κβτβςεη3βτοόηογο cjioh dtuiE snimapse-HH CEJIBHHe OTJtOSeHHH KOKCa. B 3TOH 3ΟΗΘ3ΒΤ COftepíSaJI OT10 ro 25% yrJiepo.ua. - 24 - 224 472
Ta&zpma 5: 1. Bpei/iH 9KciuiyaTannn, b ή: 2. KOJIiraeCTBO OCTaHOBOK BO ΒρθΙΛΗ ΠρΟΒΘΑΘΗΗΗ ΙΙΟΠΗΤΒΗϋΗ 3. Harpy3Ka, b kt/jih 4. MoJinpHoe cooTHomeHíie Hg/CgH^ 5. CoflepsaHHe CgHg, Ha βχοαθ, b βθο.% 6. CosepHíaHiie CgHg, Ha βηχοήθ, b boc.$ 7. CoflepcaHne CgH^, Ha Βχοβθ, b Bec.$ 8. CoflepxaHiie CgH^, Ha βηχοαθ, b Bec.% 9. Bhxos CgHg, b % ot TeopeTEHecKH βο3μοκηογο BHxona I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 67 I 11,74 1,97 3,28 9,27 6,33 0,02 12,90 92 I 17,39 1,73 3,12 7,21 5,63 + 0,001 35,05 133 3 15,22 2,25 3,54 8,03 4,67 1,06 - 14,2 409 4 12,17 2,16 3,02 6,65 4,26 1,22 - 5,64 608 5 13,26 2,77 3,52 8,79 4,40 1,45 - 63,57Ta 5: 1. Bpei / iH 9KciuiyaTannn, b: 2. KOJIiraeCTBO OCTaHOBOK BO ΒρθΙΛΗ ΠρΟΒΘΑΘΗΗΗ ΙΙΟΠΗΤΒΗϋΗ 3. Harpy3Ka, b kt / south 4. MoJinpHoe cooTHomeHiie Hg / CgH ^ 5. CoflepsaHHe CgHg, Ha βχοαθ, b βθο. % 6. CosepHíaHiie CgHg, Ha βηχοήθ, b boc. $ 7. CoflepcaHne CgH ^, Ha Βχοβθ, b Bec.% 9. Bhxos CgHg, b% ot TeopeTEHecKH βο3μοκηογο BHxona I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 67 I 11.74 1.97 3.28 9.27 6.33 0.02 12.90 92 I 17.39 1.73 3.12 7.21 5.63 + 0.001 35.05 133 3 15.22 2.25 3.54 8.03 4.67 1.06 - 14.2 409 4 12.17 2.16 3.02 6.65 4.26 1.22 - 5 , 64,608 5 13.26 2.77 3.52 8.79 4.40 1.45 - 63.57
CpaBHHTeJiLHoe ηοπητβηηθ ΠCpaBHHTeJiLHoe ηοπητβηηθ Π
Ilocjie BHrpy3KH KaTazni3aTopa h ohhctkh peaKTopa ηοπητηηηθ I hob-TopaeTcn c hobhm KaTajnraaTopoM. 7se npn nepBOM odtraHOM nycne b3KcnjiyaTaHHE0 HadjuosajiocB 33κοκοοβηβηηηθ KaTajrH3aTopHoro cjioh.Pe3yjri>TaTii dtum iuoxhmh κηκ b οτηοπιθηκη ηκτηβηοοτη h bosmoshožΠρθΗ3ΒθηΗΤ&7ΓΒΗΟΟΤΙ[ HO Cg, THK Η B ΟΤΗΟΠΙΘΗΗΙΙ ΟθΛΘΚΤΗΒΗΟΟΤΗ Πρθ-Hecca rimpxpoBaHXH. HocJie 97 ΘωωθκτζΒΗΗχ padonsx nacoB Heodxo-£HMO ÓKTO npeKpaTHTB HCHHTaHHS, HOTOMy HTO pa3HOCTL .HaBJíeHHH BKaTajiH3aTopHHx cjiohx noBHmajiacB b τηκοη wepe, hto Ha nocJieKyro-iqež cTanHH n onanii ra3a yse He dnno bo3mosho nponycKaTB Heodxo-ΛΗΜοβ KommecTBO Bonopona. JUh pa3rpy3KH peaKTopa πρζπϋΐοοΒ ποτιβ-30BaTBCH MexaHHHeCKEMH BCHOMOraTeJILHHMH. CpeSCTBaraH. CoCTOHHHeBHrpyseHHoro KaTaJiH3aTopa, no cymecTBy, cooTBeTCTBOBano coctoh-heqo Ka?ao3aTopa, πρξμθηηθμογο b ncnaTaHim I nocne sKcimyaTanjiHb Tenense 673 nacoB n mecTHKpaTHHX nycKOB η οοτηηοβοκ. - 25 - 224 472Ilocjie BHrpy3KH KaTazni3aTopa h ohhctkh peaKTopa ηοπητηηηθ I hob-TopaeTcn c hobhm KaTajnraaTopoM. 7SE npn nepBOM odtraHOM nYCN b3KcnjiyaTaHHE0 HadjuosajiocB 33κοκοοβηβηηηθ KaTajrH3aTopHoro cjioh.Pe3yjri> Dad dtum iuoxhmh κηκ b οτηοπιθηκη ηκτηβηοοτη bosmoshožΠρθΗ3ΒθηΗΤ H & 7ΓΒΗΟΟΤΙ [HO Cg, THK Η B ΟΤΗΟΠΙΘΗΗΙΙ ΟθΛΘΚΤΗΒΗΟΟΤΗ Πρθ-Hecco rimpxpoBaHXH. HocJie 97 ΘωωθκτζΒΗΗχ padonsx nacoB Heodxo- £ HMO octoate npeKpaTHTB HCHHTaHHS, HOTOMy HTO pa3HOCTL .HaBJíeHHH BKaTajiH3aTopHHx cjiohx noBHmajiacB b τηκοη wepe, HTO-Ha nocJieKyro iqež cTanHH n masturbation ra3a YSE He dnno bo3mosho nponycKaTB Heodxo-ΛΗΜοβ KommecTBO Bonopona. Juh pa3rpy3KH peaKTopa πρζπϋΐοοΒ ποτιβ-30BaTBCH MexaHHHeCKEMH BCHOMOraTeJILHHMH. CpeSCTBaraH. CoCTOHHHeBHrpyseHHoro KaTaJiH3aTopa, no cymecTBy, cooTBeTCTBOBano coctoh-heqo Kaaa3aTopa, ρξ ense 3 b b 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 aco aco aco aco. - 25 - 224 472
Tadnima 6: Odo3HaneHiie noKa3aTeneii cm. Tadn. 5 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 - 15,87 2,74 3,71 12,23 4,87 < 0,001 - 60,33 87 - 14,57 2,39 3,93 II,10 5,17 < 0,001 - 28,086: Odo3HaneHiie noKa3aTeneii cm. Tadn. 5 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 - 15.87 2.74 3.71 12.23 4.87 <0.001 - 60.33 87 - 14.57 2.39 3.93 II, 10 5.17 <0.001 - 28.08
CpaBHKTeJiLHoe ηοπητβηηό IH 3arpy3Ka peaKTopa KaTajinaaTopoM B npoH3BonnnacB tbkkm ne odpa3OM,KaK npii HcnHTaHiiHX I i Π. SKcnnyaTairan peaKTopa c car.roro nananayze npoBOAiuiacL· b mhtkhx ycnoBHax KaK npn nycKax η οοτηηοβκθχ,τηκ η npz /yiHTSJíBHofl aKcnnyaTanHH ero, HCKraonan npn stom Bceφηκτορυ bjthhhhh, cnocodcTByTonne HapyineHiw opocnTenBHon pa3H mraHeKOHTpojtzpyeMHivi peaKiraaM rBspiipoBaHHH, hto nenade^HO πόκβορητ koópa3OBaHEE> Μβοτ neperpeBa h οτηοζβΗΗΗ KOKca. Harpy3Ka na κητβηη—3aTop npn 9T0M cocTaBiina ne μθηθθ 12 κτ/ηη; bo H3dezaHne nocjien-nen ΗβκοΗτροηζργβΜΟΗ nonann SpaKipra Cg npn οοτηηοβκηχ TpydonpoBonnnn nonann φρηκιχΗΗ Cg HewejyieHHo onópozHmra h naze npn οτΗοοιιτβηΒ-ho KpaTKOBpeMennsx οοτηηοβκηχ npoBQumra nponyBKy peaKTopa decKnc-jiopojmuM a30T0M, TmaTejiLHo ynajmB κηηκηβ nponyxTH.CpaBHKTeJiLHoe IH 3arpy3Ka peaKTopa KaTajinaaTopoM B npoH3BonnnacB tbkkm ne odpa3OM, KaK npii HcnHTaHiiHX I i Π. SKcnnyaTairan peaKTopa car.roro nananayze npoBOAiuiacL c · b mhtkhx ycnoBHax KaK npn nycKax η οοτηηοβκθχ, τηκ η NPZ / yiHTSJíBHofl aKcnnyaTanHH ERO HCKraonan npn Bceφηκτορυ bjthhhhh one hundred meters, cnocodcTByTonne HapyineHiw opocnTenBHon pa3H mraHeKOHTpojtzpyeMHivi peaKiraaM rBspiipoBaHHH, HTO Nenada ^ HO πόκβορητ koópa3OBaHEE> Μβοτ neperpeBa h οτηοζβΗΗΗ KOKca. Harpy3Ka to κητβηη — 3aTop npn 9T0M cocTaBiina not μθηθθ 12 κτ / ηη; bo H3dezaHne nocjien-nen ΗβκοΗτροηζργβΜΟΗ nonann SpaKipra Cg npn οοτηηοβκηχ TpydonpoBonnnn nonann φρηκιχΗΗ Cg HewejyieHHo onópozHmra h nakedly npn οτΗοοιιτβηΒ-ho KpaTKOBpeMennsx οοτηηοβκηχ npoBQumra nponyBKy peaKTopa decKnc-jiopojmuM a30T0M, TmaTejiLHo ynajmB κηηκηβ nponyxTH.
HonyneHHHe pe3yjiLTaTH npHBeneHH b Tadjraqe 7. 3th naHHHe nonTBeps-ftaioT pe3yjiBTaT ncnnTanns I b tom, hto jpra pasnozemm ppaKinniCgH^ no -4 10 ppw nyxno ποβηιπθηηοθ MOJinpnoe οοοτηοιιιθηηθ Hg/CgH^,c oahoíí cTopoHH, a cejreKTiiBHOCTB npopecca rnnpHpoBSHHH 3HamrreJiL-ho nnze, neM b onynae npimiepoB 2 h 3, c npyrofi οτοροΗΗ. HecMOTpaHa TinaTenBHoe npoBeneHiie HcmiTaHHE pa3JrozeHne φρεκιρίη CgH^ Hann-Hano cHuzaTLCH no ncTeneHira npntín. 700 nacoB n npononzanocL bxone sKcnnyaTaiHin. Ilocne 3663 nacoB θφφβκτηΒΗοη sKcnnyaraiw nc-πντηηηό npeKpaTmiocB. CTeneHL pa3nozeHHH IpaKipni CgH^ npn 3tomCHH3EJiacB ot > 99 % b Hanane HcnHTaHHH no ηρπόηη3ΠτβηΒΗο 85. %npn HH3K0H narpy3Ke h no npndn. 60 % npn Hopr-iaiLHon Harpy3KeB KOHIie HCnHTaHHH. - 26 - 224 472HonyneHHHe pe3yjiLTaTH npHBeneHH b Tadjraqe seventh 3th naHHHe nonTBeps-ftaioT pe3yjiBTaT ncnnTanns Ib that HTO jpra pasnozemm ppaKinniCgH -4-well 10 PPW nyxno ποβηιπθηηοθ MOJinpnoe οοοτηοιιιθηηθ Hg / CGH ^ c oahoíí cTopoHH and cejreKTiiBHOCTB npopecca rnnpHpoBSHHH 3HamrreJiL-nnze him, neM b onynae npimiepoB 2 h 3, c npyrofi οτοροΗΗ. HecMOTpaHa TinaTenBHoe npoBeneHiie HcmiTaHHE pa3JrozeHne CgH1Hann-Hano cHuzaTLCH no ntTeneHira npntin. 700 nacoB n npononzanocL bxone sKcnnyaTaiHin. Ilocne 3663 nacoB θφφβκτηΒΗοη sKcnnyaraiw nc-πντηηηό npeKpaTmiocB. CTeneHL pa3nozeHHH IpaKipni CgH ^ npn 3tomCHH3EJiacB ot> 99% b Hanane HcnHTaHHH no ηρπόηη3ΠτβηΒΗο 85.% npn HH3K0H narpy3Ke h no npndn. 60% npn Hopr-iiLHon Harpy3KeB KOHIie HCnHTaHHH. - 26 - 224 472
TadJinua 7: 0óo3Ha^eHne nonasaTejiefí cm. TadJi. 5 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9,57 1,89 3,33 8,78 6,26 < 0,001 20,03 228 — 16,09 1,80 3,20 7,72 5,83 0,001 28,94 463 I 18,48 2,29 •3,39 9,91 5,06 < 0,001 - 18,11 814 4 15,22 1,98 3,48 7,71 4,54 0,15 11,75 1391 8 16,96 1,73 3,66 5,70 3,50 0,09 45,18 1563 II 13,26 1,92 3,58 9,26 3,37 0,15 17,59 1703 II 13,04 2,20 3,10 8,81 4,85 0,056 - 9,32 1784 14 13,48 1,89 3,49 6,65 3,91 0,29 19,96 1908 14 16,30 1,40 3,10 4,69 4,89 0,51 66,63 2028 14 14,35 1,37 3,10 4,77 5,77 0,68 69,85 2124 14 13,26 1,46 3,11 5,01 4,87 0,42 60,77 2525 18 15,22 1,66 3,13 6,13 5,30 0,54 41,98 3189 24 10,65 1,95 2,93 6,29 4,29 0,68 14,48 3341 24 16,09 1,94 4,64 6,90 4,23 1,76 15,57 3663 25 11,74 1,65 3,31 5,98 4,80 0,51. 42,82 224 472 ^opi.iyjia η300ρθτθηκηTadJinua 7: 0 3Ha ^ ehne nonasa. TadJi. 5 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9.57 1.89 3.33 8.78 6.26 <0.001 20.03 228 - 16.09 1.80 3.20 7.72 5.83 0.001 28 , 94,463 I 18.48 2.29 • 3.39 9.91 5.06 <0.001 - 18.11 814 4 15.22 1.98 3.48 7.71 4.54 0.15 11.75 1391 8 16.96 1.73 3.66 5.70 3.50 0.09 45.18 1563 II 13.26 1.92 3.58 9.26 3.37 0.15 17.59 1703 II 13.04 2.20 3.10 8.81 4.85 0.056 - 9.32 1784 14 13.48 1.89 3.49 6.65 3.91 0.29 19.96 1908 14 16.30 1.40 3, 10 4.69 4.89 0.51 66.63 2028 14 14.35 1.37 3.10 4.77 5.77 0.68 69.85 2124 14 13.26 1.46 3.11 5.01 4.87 0.42 60.77 2525 18 15.22 1.66 3.13 6.13 5.30 0.54 41.98 3189 24 10.65 1.95 2.93 6.29 4.29 0 , 68 14.48 3341 24 16.09 1.94 4.64 6.90 4.23 1.76 15.57 3663 25 11.74 1.65 3.31 5.98 4.80 0.51. 42.82 224 472 ^ opi.iyjia η300ρθτθηκη
EZTA OBJEVYEZTA OBJEVY
ČASTIME
• OSOB./POŠTA JU. i_____• PERSON / JU. and_____
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Cnocod cejieKTHBHoro rimpnpoBaHiw siwkiix ^pawm Cg b opocn-τθλβηοη čýa3e Ha najuia^neBOM KaTajni3aTope Ha ηοοετθπθ, ccwep-saiqeM, b cnynae HeodxoAHMocTn, As, Cu, Ní,Pe , Cr, Uo,w ,Znk/iuih Ca b BHse MeTajuia iuih OKncna b nanecTBe npoMOTopa hπομθιπθηηομ b Bnse ηθποη,βιεκηογο cjioh b TpyónaTOM peaKTope, ot-jnraaioinHKCH τθμ, ητο πρημθηηιοτ KaTajiii3aTopHyio cncTei<, cogtoh-hqho K3 £Byx pacnoJioseHHHx npyr Ha# spyroM KaTajn-i3aTopHHx cno-’θβ, KOTopan ημθθτ b ηιεχηθμ cjioe KaTanireaTop, co^eposaiipiň PdΒ ΚΟηΗΗΘΟΤΒΘ OT 0,5 £0 5 Bec.$ H, npií Η33Θ0ΤΗΗΧ yCJIOBHHX, flO5 sec./9 Ο£ΗΟΓΟ Η7ΓΗ HeCKOJILKHX npOMOTOpOB, Ha MaKponopHCTOMcoftepsameM okhcl ajnamois HocHTene c yseJiBHoS noBepxHocTW Hedonee 50 μ^/γ h cosepsaHneM SiOg so 10 sec.%, η b βθρχηθμcjioe - KaTanH3aTop, cosepsaiqnn Pd ot 0,1 flo 1,0 BecJ na wai:-ροπορποτοΜ ηοοητθεθ ALgOg c ysennHon ποβθρχηοοτβη μβκοημθλβηοflo 25 m^/γ, y κοτοροΓο dojieeQHeM 50 % odwMa πορ npnxoAETcaHa nopn c panny com βηιπθ 500 A, npnneM oduian nacnnHas BHcoTaKaTa7iH3aTopa cocTasjíneT ot 2 flo 6 m, a οοοτηοιπθηηθ ηβοηπηοηBHCOTH ΗΕΗΗΘΓΟ ΚΒΤ33ΙΗ3ΒΤθρΗΟΓΟ CJIOH K HaCHUHOfi ΒΗΟΟΤΘ ΒΘΟΧΗΘ-ro KcuiedjieTCH b £Hana3OHe ot 0,5 ao 10, π npnneM οοοτηοιπθηηθBHyTpeHHsro snaivieTpa KaTanH3aTopHo2 Tpydn κ ffnaideTpy ran κβηοοτθ, bjih κ jyiHHe rpaHynn KaTajiH3aTopa KonedneTCH b npe^e-nax OT 4 £0 30, HcxoAHan $paKiw Cg b cyMMe cosepsnT flo 9Bec.% npomiHa h ajuieHa h peaKiwo nmpnpoBaHHH b peaKTope de3B03BpaiiíeHHH ΓίρτριιροΒΒΗΗΟΗ čpaKiínn Cg πόοβοτγήτ npn TeMnepaTy-pax OT 5 λο 50°C, ήββήθηηη οτ 10 ho 35 ktc/cm^, Harpysne Habci3 KaTa;iH3aTopHyio cncTeMy hehkoh rapaKnnn Cg no 40 kt/jih npnΜΟΛΗρΗΕΚ οοοτηοιπθηηήχ οτ I £0 10 Bofloposa κ cyr.mie οοθηηηθηειιCgH^ π πρημθηήθμβή hjlh γεηρηροβήηηή BonoponHan ομθοβ conep&ETHe weHee 70 od.M Bonopona. 2. Cnocod no nyHKTy I, oTJinnaíoininiCH τθμ, hto KaTann3aTop ηηζηθ-ΓΟ ΟΉΟΉ ΠρθΠΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΉΒΗΟ ΟΟΠθρΗΗΤ ΜΘΗΘΘ 2,0, a B HaCTHOCTH,οτ 0,6 fl0 1,2 βθο.% Pd , οτ 0,06 no 0,15. Bec.^ Ag η/κηη Cuκθκ η οτ 2,0 πο 4,5 βθο.% ní , Pe π/ηηη Cr. β βηηθ MeTanuia ιυπιοκΕοη , pacnpenejieHHHx, β ochobhom, paBHOMepHo no odinewy od^e- - 28- 224 472 Mý KaTajiH3aTopoB, a ηοοητθζβ, cocTonmirií npera^ecTBeiiHO H3 ° bo3mohhumh aojwmh τθτβ-, neJitTa- η/ιώίπ Kanna-ALgOg II £0 5 Bec.% SíOq, ΗΜΘΘΤ yjjeJILHyiO ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤΒ ΠρΘίξΠΟΉΤΗΤΘΖΒ-Ho ot 10 £0 SO ιί/r z odmew nop ot 0,25 mo 0,5 cm3/r, η htone weHeg 50 % ot odměro odřena nop πρηχοΑίιτοΗ na Mai-iponopu>» 500 A. 3. Cnocod no nyHKTaw I n 2, OTmi-najomicicn Tem, hto cepedpo h/ejieμθλβ, flodaBJínewe b KanecTBe npowoTopoB, ηηχοχητοη npemnoHTH·τθηΒΗΟ b Bnme meTamma, a ocTajiLHHe - b Bnjre οκηοη.Cnocod cejieKTHBHoro rimpnpoBaHiw siwkiix ^ pawm Cg b opocn-τθλβηοη cýw3e Ha najuia ^ neBOM KaTajni3aTope Ha, As, Cu, Ni, Pe, Cr, Uo, w, Znk / iuih Ca b BHse MeTajuia iuih OKncna b nanecTBe npoMOTopa hπομθιπθηηομ b Bnse ηθποη, βιεκηογο cjioh b TpyónaTOM peaKTope OT-jnraaioinHKCH τθμ, ητο πρημθηηιοτ KaTajiii3aTopHyio cncTei <, cogtoh-hqho K3 Byx pacnoJioseHHHx £ # Ha N pyr spyroM KaTajn i3aTopHHx-cno-'θβ, KOTopan ημθθτ b ηιεχηθμ cjioe KaTanireaTop, what ^ eposaiipiň OT 0.5 £ 0 5 Bec. $ H, npií Θ33Θ0ΤΗΗΧ yCJIOBHHX, flO5 sec./9 Ο £ ΗΟΓΟ Η7ΓΗ HeCKOJILKHX npOMOTOpOB, Ha MaKponopHCTOMcoftepsameM okhcl ajnamois HocHTene c yseJiBHoS noBepxHocTW Hedonee 50 μ ^ / γ h cosepsaHneM SiOg with 10 sec.%, η b βθρχηθμcjioe - KaTanH3aTop, cosepsaiqnn Pd ot 0.1 flo 1.0 BecJ on wai: -ροπορποτοΜ ηοοητθεθ ALgOg c ysennHon ποβθρχηοο τβη μβκοημθλβηοflo 25 m ^ / γ y κοτοροΓο dojieeQHeM 50% odwMa πορ npnxoAETcaHa nOPN c virgin com βηιπθ 500 A npnneM oduian nacnnHas BHcoTaKaTa7iH3aTopa cocTasjíneT ot 2 flo 6 m and οοοτηοιπθηηθ ηβοηπηοηBHCOTH ΗΕΗΗΘΓΟ ΚΒΤ33ΙΗ3ΒΤθρΗΟΓΟ CJIOH K HaCHUHOfi ΒΗΟΟΤΘ ΒΘΟΧΗΘ-ro KcuiedjieTCH b £ Hana3OHe 0.5 rpm and 10 π npnneM οοοτηοιπθηηθBHyTpeHHsro snaivieTpa KaTanH3aTopHo2 Tpydn ffnaideTpy wounds κβηοοτθ κ, κ bjih jyiHHe rpaHynn KaTajiH3aTopa KonedneTCH NPE b-e ^ nax OT 4 £ 0 30 $ HcxoAHan paKiw Cg b cyMMe cosepsnT Flo 9Bec.% npomiHa h ajuieHa h peaKiwo nmpnpoBaHHH b peaKTope de3B03BpaiiíeHHH ΓίρτριιροΒΒΗΗΟΗ čpaKiínn Cg πόοβοτγήτ npn TeMnepaTy-pax OT 5 λο 50 ° C ήββήθηηη οτ 10 by 35 KTC / cm, Harpysne Habci3 Kata; iH3aTopHyio cncTeMy hehkoh rapaKnnn Cg no 40 kt / south npnΜΟΛΗρΗΕΚ οοοτηοιπθηηήχ οτ I Bofloposa κ cyr.mie οοθηηηθ ηειιCgH ^ π πρημθηήθμβή hjlh γεηρηροβήηηή BonoponHan ομθοβ conep & ETHe weHee 70 od.M Bonopona. 2. Cnocod no nyHKTy I, oTJinnaioininiCH τθμ, hto KaTann3aTop ηηζηθ-ΓΟ Π ΠρθΠΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΉΒΗΟ ΟΟΠθρΗΗΤ ΜΘΗΘΘ 2,0, and B HaCTHOCTH, οτ 0,6 fl0 1,2 βθο.% Pd, οτ 0,06 no 0,15. Bec. ^ Ag η / κηη Cuκθκ η οτ 2,0 πο 4,5 βθο.% Π, π π / ηηη Cr. β θ 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 3 3 3 3 3 3 na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na 5 Bec.% SiOq, j yjjeJILHyiO ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤΒ ΠρΘίξΠΟΉΤΗΤΘΖΒ-Ho ot 10 £ 0 SO ιί / rz odmw nop ot 0,25 mo 0,5 cm3 / r, η htone weHeg 50% ot rebounded nop πρηχοΑίιτοΗ on Mai-iponopu> » 500 A. 3. Cnocod no nyHKTaw I n 2, OTmi-najomicicn Tem, hto cepedpo h / ejieμθλβ, flodaBJínewe b KanecTBe npowoTopoB, nTemma, a ocTajiLHHe - b Bnjre οκηοη.
Cnocod no nyHKTaM 1-3, oTJnmaiomHncH Tem, hto KaTamnsaTopBepxnero cnon cosepsHT ot 0,2 no 0,8 Bec.% Pd , pacnpe^enen-ηογο,β ochobhom, paBHOMepno no odmemy odteny HociiTejin, coctoh-mero μββηημ odpa3OM n3 ^-ALgOg 0 ΥΛ^βηοη noBepxHOCTBD npenποητητβνΤΒΗο οτ 3 no 15 μ^/γ n od^ernom nop He meHee 0,3 cm3/r,η hto ng odměro odiema nco^ πρηχοηητοΗ Ha nopn c pajTEycauH> 500 A, a MaKcm.iajiLHO 15 % npnxoniiTCH Ha nomio c pannycarm*Í 100 2. 5. Cnocod no nyHKTaw 1-4, OTmunajomEncn Tem, hto KaTanii3aTopBepxEero cjioh,-b ochobhom, ne odmanaeT nopar-EH c pannycaMH Hu-se 100 2 z hto He meHee 75 % od^ema ero nop πρηχοηητοη Ha no-pn BHine 500 X. 6. Cnocod no nyHKTaM 1-5, oTJiimaJomnScH Ten, hto odmaa HacmiHáHBHcoTa odonx KaTamz3aTopHHx cmoeB cocTaBJíneT ot 3 ío 5 m, acooTHomefíne bhcoth ηεκηθγο KaTao3aTopHoro cmon κ βηοοτθ BepxHero KaTanH3aTopHoro cmon KOJiedmeTcn b nnana30He ot 1,5 no 7. 7. Cnocod no nyHKTaivi 1-6, OTJnnaiomniicH Tem, hto cooTHomeHJie.BHyTpeHHero nnaMeTpa KaTamz3aTopHon TpydH κ nnameTpy nmn κBLicoTe, imn nzHHe rpaHynu KaTaJiH3aTopa HHSHero cmon npennon-TETemLHo KomedmeTCH b nnana3OHe ot 10 no 25, a BepxHero cjiohot 5 no 13. x/ He H3Hee 67 % 224 472 8. Cnocoó no nyHKTaw 1-7, OTjnmaioiunncn τθμ, ητο sníHKyio Heonn-ujeHHyjD opaKumo Cg, co^epnainyio npejxnonTirreJiLHO ot 3,5 ao 7Bec.$ coefliiHeHiiíí CgH^, nopaioT na KaTajiH3aTopnyio cncTei.iy cTeMnepaTypon πρβΑΠοητπτβηΒΗΟ οτ 5 no 20°C n bubosht H3 pean-Topa c TewnepaTypofi npennonTHTeJiBHO ot 15 30 40°C, Harpy3i<ana KaTaJiH3aTop sb^koií mpawra Cg cocTasnaeT προΑΠοητπτ&πΒΗΟοτ 5 no 30 κτ/oď.nac, b nacTHocTH, ot 5 no 25 Kr/oď.nac,BHÓnpaioT MonnpHoe οοοτηοιιιθηηθ Bonopona κ coenHHeHHHM CgH^npesnonTHTejiBHO ot 1,2 no 2 n ra3OBan ομθοβ, npnMeHneMan jyiHriíHpiipOBaHHH, ΟΟηθρΚΗΤ ΠρθΛΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΛΒΗΟ Ηθ ΜΘΗΘΘ 85 % Bonopona -•39-Cnocod no nyHKTaM 1-3, oTJnmaiomHncH Tem, hto KaTamnsaTopBepxnero cnon cosepsHT ot 0.2 no 0.8 Bec. ALgOg 0 ΥΛ ^ βηοη noBepxHOCTBD npenποητητβνΤΒΗο οτ 3 no 15 μ ^ / γ n od ^ ernom nop He meHee 0,3 cm3 / r, η hto ng ro ro co co A A A A A A A A A % npnxoniiTCH Ha nomio c pannycarm * Í 100 2. 5. Cnocod no nyHKTaw 1-4, OTmunajomEncn Tem, hto KaTanii3aTopBepxEero cjioh, -b ochobhom, ne odmaneT nopar-EH c pannycaMH Hu-se 100 2 of hto He meHee 75% of ^ ema ero nop πρηχοηητοη Ha no-pn BHine 500 X. 6. Cnocod well nyHKTaM 1-5 oTJiimaJomnScH One HTO ODMA HacmiHáHBHcoTa odonx KaTamz3aTopHHx cmoeB cocTaBJíneT rt 3 IO 5 m acooTHomefíne bhcoth ηεκηθγο KaTao3aTopHoro cmon κ βηοοτθ BepxHero KaTanH3aTopHoro Cmon KOJiedmeTcn b nnana30He ot 1,5 no 7. 7. Cnocod no nyHKTaivi 1-6, OTJnnaiomniicH Tem, hto cooTHomeHJie.BHyTpeHHero nnaMeTpa KaTamz3aTopHon TpydH κ nnameTpy nmn κBLicoTe, imn nzHHe rpaHynu Ka3aTopa HHSHero cmon npennon-TETemLHo KomedmeTCH b nnana3OHe ot 10 no 25, and BepxHero cjiohot 5 no 13. x / He H3Hee 67% 224 472 8. Cnocoo no nyHKTaw 1-7 OTjnmaioiunncn τθμ, ητο sníHKyio Heonn-Cg ujeHHyjD opaKumo what epnainyio npejxnonTirreJiLHO-ol and 3,5 7Bec. $ ^ coefliiHeHiiíí CGH, on nopaioT KaTajiH3aTopnyio cncTei.iy cTeMnepaTypon πρβΑΠοητπτβηΒΗΟ οτ 5 no 20 C H3 N bubosht Pean -Topa c TewnepaTypofi npennonTHTeJiBHO ot 15 30 40 ° C; Bonopona κ coenHHeHHHM CgH ^ npesnonTHTejiBHO ot 1,2 no 2 n ra3OBan ομθοβ, npnMeHneMan jyiHiHiHpiipOBaHHH, ΟΟηθρΚΗΤ ΠρθΛΠΟΗΤΗΤΘΛΒΗΟ ΜΘΗΘΘθ ΜΘΗΘΘ 85% - • 39-
LEZY A OBJEVYCLIMBING AND DISCOVERY
ČAS Αηηοτοιζκα ! HcřTIME Αηηοτοιζκα! Hcř
VYŘIZVYŘIZ
• - OSOL·./POSTA σ . to <: O 05 ω· ι- <O cc Ο tn 224 472 O·! B COOTBeTCTBIlH C Η300ρθΤΘΗΗθΜ ΠρΟΠΗΗ II aJUieH 113 ňpaKHHfi Cg cβηοοκπμ cosepsaHiiew CgH^ rimpiipyioT πρπΜο b ποτοκε Ha čnemiaJiB-hoii KaTaziH3aTopHOH ciicTei.ie c bhcokoíi οθλθκτιεβηοοτβιο h bhcoeiimΒΗΧΟβΟΜ ΠΟ OÓBeMy Η ΒρθΜΘΗΗ Π ΠΟΒΗΠΙΘΙΟΤ CTaÓHJIBHOCTB npOIieCCariíUpEpOBaHEH. ΠρΗΜΘΗΗΙΟΤ KaTaJIH3aTOpHyiO CHCTewy, COCTOHBíyiO Ξ3HByx pacnojioseííHHX npyr Ha# npyroM b TpyónaTOM peaKTope cjioeBpa3HHx najjuiafliieBHx KaTanH3aTopoB Ha HociiTeJie.• - OSOL ·. / POSTA σ. to <: O 05 ω · ι- <O cc Ο tn 224 472 O ·! B C COOTBeTCTBIlH Η300ρθΤΘΗΗθΜ ΠρΟΠΗΗ II aJUieH 113 ňpaKHHfi Cg cβηοοκπμ cosepsaHiiew CGH ^ rimpiipyioT πρπΜο b ποτοκε čnemiaJiB Ha-hoiii KaTaziH3aTopHOH ciicTei.ie bhcokoíi οθλθκτιεβηοοτβιο c h bhcoeiimΒΗΧΟβΟΜ ΠΟ OÓBeMy Η ΒρθΜΘΗΗ Π ΠΟΒΗΠΙΘΙΟΤ CTaÓHJIBHOCTB npOIieCCariíUpEpOBaHEH. ΠρΗΜΘΗΗΙΟΤ KaTaJIH3aTOpHyiO CHCTewy, COCTOHBíyiO Ξ3HByx pacnojioseííHHX npyr Ha # npyroM b TpyónaTOM peaKTope cjioeBpa3HHx najjuiafliieBHx KaTanH3aTopoB Ha HociiTeJie.
Hieíhhh KaTanH3aTop conepsHT προι.ιοτορΗ no 5 Bec. % % naiuiaw bKOJHinecTBe ot 0,05 no 5 Bec.% Ha HocnTeJie ALgOgj yseJiBHaa noBepxhoctl ero MaKCHMaJiBHO 50 μ^/γ. BepxHHfi KaTanH3aTop οοΛθρκΗτ 0,1I Bec.% najuraniiH Ha HocnTene ALgOg; ynejiLHaa noBepxHocTL eroMaKCHLiajr&fío 25 m2^?. PacnpeneJieHne nop: > 50 % odLetia nop m,ie-βτ pannyc > 500 A. Οοοτηοιπθηηθ HacHUHHx bhcot ηηκηθγο KaTanii3a-Topnoro cjioh κ BepxHeMy KaTanH3aTopHoi< cjioio ot 0,5 ho 10.Hieihhh KaTanH3aTop conepsHT προι.ιοτορΗ no 5 Bec. %% naiuiaw bKOJHinecTBe ot 0.05 no 5 Bec.% Ha HocnTeJie ALgOgj yseJiBHaa noBepxhoctl ero MaKCHMaJiBHO 50 μ ^ / γ. BepxHHfi KaTanH3aTop 0.1I Bec.% NajuraniiH Ha HocnTene ALgOg; ynejiLHaa noBepxHocTL eroMaKCHLiajr & fío 25 m2 ^ ?. N ο op op op op op op A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep ep BepxHeMy KaTanH3aTopHoi
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD79212291A DD150312A3 (en) | 1979-04-18 | 1979-04-18 | METHOD FOR SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF FLOW NOZZLES 3-FRACTIONS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS224472B1 true CS224472B1 (en) | 1984-01-16 |
Family
ID=5517693
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS801796A CS224472B1 (en) | 1979-04-18 | 1980-03-13 | Process for hydrogenation liquid fractions c 3 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS224472B1 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD150312A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3010289A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ297855B6 (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 2007-04-18 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Process of selective hydrogenation of highly saturated compounds |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2482953A1 (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1981-11-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD FOR SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF DI-OLEFIN IN A MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS COMPRISING AT LEAST 4 ATOMS OF CARBON AND CONTAINING OLEFIN -A |
| DD270442A3 (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1989-08-02 | Grotewohl Boehlen Veb | SILVER PHASE PROCESS FOR THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF STRONG UNSATURATED CARBON HYDROCARBONS |
| US4828683A (en) * | 1987-02-06 | 1989-05-09 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Hydrofining employing a support material for fixed beds |
| CN112138669B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-08-19 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for continuously preparing copper-zinc-aluminum catalyst |
-
1979
- 1979-04-18 DD DD79212291A patent/DD150312A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-03-13 CS CS801796A patent/CS224472B1/en unknown
- 1980-03-18 DE DE19803010289 patent/DE3010289A1/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ297855B6 (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 2007-04-18 | Chemical Research & Licensing Company | Process of selective hydrogenation of highly saturated compounds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3010289C2 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
| DD150312A3 (en) | 1981-08-26 |
| DE3010289A1 (en) | 1980-10-30 |
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