CS222873B1 - A method of preventing the labeling of materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention solves the problem of replacing the mechanical soil removal and other similar materials from the loading areas, especially the means of transport, by forming a sliding intermediate layer formed from economically advantageous products, typically waste, from chemical production.

Description

222873

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for preventing surface, particulate, particulate, and other materials from being deposited on the surfaces of storage, transport and other devices by applying a slip intermediate layer to an economically attractive composition which, when leached into the soil, does not contaminate it.

When moving, in particular transporting, damping materials and storing them, these materials are bonded to the contact surfaces of the mud and laboriously scraped and the like. This drawback is particularly prominent in transport equipment, such as lorry bodies, where the transport of soils and similar satieto materials is glued to the surface and a considerable part of the ziostáya is glued and must either be removed mechanically or the transport capacity of the relevant equipment is reduced. this drawback is even more pronounced due to the penetration of materials by the water or moisture contained therein. Meanwhile, the only effective means of mechanically scratching, in the winter, effectively associated with heating the respective loading area of the conveying device. Often, when mechanically removed, mechanical devices such as dumpers and the like are often used to mechanically flatten, and the work-shoe is demanding and labor intensive.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the method of preventing the material from sticking to the surfaces, the bearing surface of the conveying devices being formed by the sliding intermediate layer, such that a system comprising salts of humic acids is deposited on the surface coming into contact with the loaded material. or an aqueous solution of cationic by-products of the preparation of the polyolmethylalkane itself, or in combination with 5 to 45 wt. water-soluble liquid organic aliphatic compounds containing at least one carboxyl group with a boiling point above 75 ° C, preferably reaction mixtures, or fractions thereof, generally with addition of a diluent, and anti-corrosive agents.

The main advantage of the process according to the invention is that it allows the operator of the transport device to ensure direct application of the interlayer to whatever. they are eliminated by the demand for manual labor, preventing self-mechanical damage, and making more use of transport facilities, even in winter. The applied preparation is non-toxic, does not produce any negative effects on ecology in the concentrations used, and the procedure is easy to implement by simple additional alignment in every part.

The interlayer slip according to the invention is formed by an aqueous solution containing humic acid salts and / or organic aliphatic compounds containing at least one alkali group. If the humic acids are prepared by high-tech technology, by alkali spreads on organic materials containing free or bound humic acids, especially from some types, it is possible to utilize substantially also waste such as charcoal and the like. The process for preparing the humic acid salts is a very undemanding process, the raw material base being relatively wide, all of which is also reflected in the economical efficiency of using aqueous solutions of humic acid salts for this purpose. The alkaline agent used is in particular aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxides and the resulting aqueous solutions do not need to be heated or heated for the purpose. However, it is expedient to remove mechanical impurities of a larger diameter by sedimentation by which they can clamp the apertures of the coating device. In view of the fact that the preparation of humic acid salts is well known in the literature, we do not consider it necessary to divorce this issue. The intimate base, which may be suitably combined with the foregoing type, are organic aliphatic compounds with at least one hydroxyl group. This group includes, in particular, alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, glycols such as monoethylene glycol, propylene glycols, butylene glycols, but also polyols such as glycerin, methylglycerol, hydrogenation products of sugars, polymethylalkanes are similar. Particularly suitable for this purpose are aqueous effluents of said liquids, reaction products after separation of the relief product, coated main products, as well as distillation ancestors, or residuals of isolation, respectively. from refining. A typical primer is the so-called "pentasirup", which is produced by the production of pentaerythritol from acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of alkaline effluents upon separation of the main product - peneterythritol and the resulting formic acid salt. These products and their aqueous solutions do not solidify, even at temperatures below 0 ° C and under atmospheric conditions determined by concentration, slippage and moisture contamination at the contact surfaces can be avoided. It is advisable to mix organic aliphatic compounds with a hydroxyl group for winter, especially when they are anhydrous or of higher concentration with aqueous solutions of saline acids.

The coating is carried out by conventional means such as spray, spray, paint and the like, whereby spraying and spraying are most effective. Practically, the application is effected by dispensing the composition into a pressure device and using compressed air of the delivery device, or pumping it from the pressureless container to the nozzles or into the apertures suitable for the disposition.

Claims (3)

222873 with loading] flat. In these cases, no special workforce is required, but a special spray device can also be used, portable or stable. The cross-layer coating can be applied either prior to each loading, but, as will be further apparent from the examples of transfer, it is also possible to form a layer on a number of loads. The following examples are not intended to illustrate the scope of the invention, but illustrate the possibility of practicing the invention. EXAMPLE 1 1500 g of lignite with a total content of humic acids of 17.8% by weight. with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 4% by weight, extracting the present humic acids. The extraction is carried out with stirring at a temperature of 85-90 ° C. The humic acid extract is separated from the insoluble fraction by filtration. An aqueous solution of sodium humic acid salts is filled into a portable sprayer and applied to a 2.5cc flat-bed tipper truck of 18 m2. The application is carried out each time a second deposit of earthy material from the surface mine overburden. There is a gradual reduction of the already glued layer, which is already attached to the bed by pre-application. EXAMPLE 2 Calcium calcium pentaerythritol is prepared by condensation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde under catalytic action of calcium hydroxide. The mother liquor dropped after isolation of the main products contains 35 wt. by-products, mainly polyhydroxy compounds in the form of "sugars". The mother liquor is also used in Example 1, except that the application is carried out at an external temperature of - 6 ° C and is carried out before each quarter. The dump of the vehicle is cleaned and, within 6 hours under these conditions, no sticking or sticking of the material is detected. EXAMPLE 3 Mother liquor lost in industrial production of pentaerythritol (pentasirupyj, containing 7.09% by weight of pentaerythritol, 11.3% by weight of calcium silicate, 39.15% by weight of polyhydroxy compounds and 42.26% by weight of water) in Example 2, with the application being also carried out on a vinyl-like character, but with a new result as in Example 2. Example 4 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in 1: 1 is added to a mixture of "pentasirup" and sodium humate. The solution thus prepared is applied at a temperature of 33 ° C in the same manner as in Example 1. The potency is also varied even when applied at 1.8 to 2 L per loading area. Example 5 A mixture is prepared by mixing distillation residues from the production of propylene glycol and an aqueous solution of sodium salts of humic acids prepared as described in Example 1. The components are mixed in a 2: 5 ratio. e in a quantity of 1 del per 1 m 2 for trolleys with a lower platform of 3000 l. OBJECT 1. A method for preventing material from sticking to surfaces, in particular to the loading surfaces of transport devices, by forming a sliding layer, characterized in that a system comprising salts of humic acid salts is applied to the flat contacting of the loaded material. / or an aqueous solution of the by-products of the polymethylolalkanes, alone or in combination with 5 to 45 wt. water-soluble liquid aliphatic compounds containing at least one carboxyl group having a boiling point above 75 ° C, preferably a reaction mixture or a fraction thereof, of a viscose with the addition of a surfactant, and anti-corrosion reducing agents. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that a system comprising these salts prepared in situ, preferably after separation of mechanical impurities, is applied as salts of humic acids. 3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the organic aliphatic compound containing at least one hydroxyl group is a system for the production of pentaerythritol after separation of the main product and the salt of formic acid.