CS220853B1 - Thermoplastic composition with pronounced hydrophilic properties - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermoplastic composition with pronounced hydrophilic properties. The purpose of the invention is to improve the hydrophilic properties of plastic materials, especially films. This purpose can be achieved by the synergistic effect of inorganic additives in an amount of 10—50 wt. % and surfactants in an amount of 0.05—5.0 wt. %,

Description

220853

The present invention provides a thermoplastic composition based on polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and inorganic additives.

Most plastics, in addition to the pronounced hydrophilic polyamides, have a very low hydrophilicity, i.e., in the presence of water or a few or no adsorption. This property limits the use of plastics to some desired product applications where hydrophilicity is required.

By way of example, compositions for synthetic papers prepared from polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride or polymers where the nature of the paper is provided by filling the plastics with suitable fillers, including inorganic additives, especially carbonates, chalk, talc, SiO2, TiO2 and the like. -No. The preparation as well as the composition of these mixtures are known, but only based on the addition of inorganic additives. They are described in several sources of information, such as the patents of Svajč. 490 761, Belg. 741099 aJap. 23 876/68.

The use of synthetic films prepared according to known methods, such as substitutes for paper or fabrics, especially for disposable articles, is essentially limited to none but the low hydrophilicity of the films.

The thermoplastic composition according to the invention achieves a marked increase in the hydrophilicity of the plastic materials by the synergistic effect of the inorganic additives with the surfactants. Consequently, the above-mentioned disadvantages are removed and the hydrophobic material is obtained in a qualitatively significant and in practice important hydrophilicity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The subject of the invention is a thermoplastic composition with pronounced hydrophilic properties based on polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene which contains a synergistic mixture of inorganic additives in an amount of 10-50% by weight. and surfactants in an amount of 0.05 to 5.0% by weight.

The synergistic mixture of inorganic additives consists of CaCO3, chalk, T1O2, SiO2, Al2O3, talc and bentonite.

Conventional cationic, anionic or nonionic surfactants may be used as surfactants, depending on the desired parameters and use.

The surfactants are: C12-30 alkyl sulphates, C12-2 alkyl alkyls (phenylsulphonates, oxyethylated alcohols, amides, amines, alkylphenols, Cs-25 ammonium compounds, pyridinium and imidazolinium, oxyethylated fatty acids, alcohols, amines, amides, alkyl phenols, polyols and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers.

By admixing the active substance, the admixture at the interfacial interface is achieved in the heterogeneous system of the filler polymer, thereby substantially increasing the wettability of the surface from outside and inside the entire polymer-filler system and achieving an enhanced synergistic effect. Thus, the desired effect is obtained - increased hydrophilicity of the whole system at a higher level than the purified polymer with the filler, or the addition of the surfactant itself. Floods of hydrophobic plastic products, or mixtures thereof with inorganic fillers, yield products with a pronounced hydrophilic character that can absorb multiple more water and unmodified polymers and mixtures, as exemplified by the following examples without further limitation. Přikladl

The untreated composition in the form of a paper-like film comprises 80 wt. low-pressure polyethylene and 20% by weight of COCOs. After soaking the film in water and dripping, the film contains 3 wt. water. Example 2

Composition, as in Example 1 of Composition: 80% by weight. % linear polyethylene 18.5 wt. CaCO3 1.5 wt. an anionic alkyl C12 (phenyl) sulfonate

After soaking in water and dripping it contains 27 wt. water. Example 3

The composition in the form of a foil filled with the following composition: 24 wt. Chalks 75% wt. high pressure polyethylene 1 wt. a nonionic surfactant (oxyethylated nonylphenol) after being soaked in water. After dripping off the excess, the total water intake is 27% by weight. Example 4

The procedure is the same as in Example 3, using a cationic quaternary ammonium compound as the surfactant. The foil, after soaking in water and its dripping, contains 29% by weight. water. Example 5

The composition, in the form of 1 mm thick, filled with CaCO3-i-TIO2 of the following composition: 23% by weight. CaCO3, 2% by weight of TiO272 wt. polystyrene

Claims (2)

SUBJECT A thermoplastic composition with pronounced hydrophilic properties based on polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, characterized in that it comprises a synergistic mixture of inorganic additives consisting of calcium carbonate, chalk, titanium dioxide, silica, aluminum, talc and bentonite in an amount of 10 to 50 % wt. and surfactants in an amount of 0.05 to 5 wt. 2. The thermoplastic composition of item We claim: 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactants are C12-30 alkyl sulfates, alkyl C ₂ _ ₃₀ alkyl, C _{6 8} _i (phenyl sulfonates, sulfonates, oxyethylated alcohols, amides, amines, phenols, compounds of ammonium, alkylammonium with a C ₈ - ₂ 5, pyridinium and imidazolinium, oxyethylated fatty acids, alcohols, amines, amides, alkyl phenols, polyols, and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.