CS220627B1 - Component Vibration Lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricant against vibration wear of components, especially for high pressures, based on salts of higher fatty acids with alkali metals and caustic earth metals. The lubricant further contains 20.0 to 48.0 wt. % alkane-cyclonic oils boiling above 280 °C, 0.1 to 59.0 wt. % caustic earth oxides and their hydrates and 0.1 to 40.0 wt. % metallic powdered copper

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubricant against vibration wear of components, particularly for high pressures.

Machine parts are subjected to various types of friction during their mutual contact.

One of these friction is vibration friction, also called vibration corrosion. This friction is characterized as friction without external thermal influences causing corrosion on metal surfaces. When two micro-squares of the surface of the parts come together, the impact energy is converted into heat, which, for example, causes the formation of many oxides in ferrous metals. Repetition of these reactions damages the surface of the metal parts very quickly. This drulh damage is characterized in that the surface damage increases linearly by the number of vibrations, but at a lower frequency at a given number of vibrations, the metal surface damage is greater than at a higher frequency.

As the pressure increases, the intensity of the surface attack increases without affecting the surface condition of the friction surfaces. The increasing hardness of the component surface decreases the intensity of the attack, while increasing the amplitude of the vibrations increases the attack. Many of the features of this type of component damage indicate that this is significantly different from other types of friction.

Due to vibrational corrosion, two fundamental defects occur, namely the disproportionately rapid wear of the contacting friction surfaces or their mutual fixing up to the strength range of their micro-welds.

Known malzilva machine parts do not have the 'sufficient ability to hold' two metal surfaces in a bedding state, have a lower fixation ability on the surface of the contact surfaces, in particular they do not have sufficient capacity to absorb and damp the oscillating action of high pressures, especially at greater vibration amplitudes.

These disadvantages are overcome by the lubricant according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for the lubrication of joints or bearings subjected to high pressures and intensive vibrations, in particular of higher amplitude, suitable for chemically non-aggressive environments containing salts of higher fatty acids with alkali and alkaline earth metals. further comprising 20.0 to 48.0 wt. % of aikanic-cyclanic oils boiling above 260 ° C, 0.1 to 59.0 wt. % of caustic earth oxide and hydrates thereof and 0.1 to 40.0 wt. metallic copper powder.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the exemplary lubricant composition.

Example 1

31.0 wt. an alkane-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C, e.g.

28.4 wt. hydrated calcium oxide

34.4 wt. metallic copper powder

5.4 wt. salts of higher fatty acids with corrosive earth metals

0.8 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and oleic acid.

The lubricant of this composition removes the vibration corrosion of the components operating at very high pressures and intense vibration stress, in addition to exhibiting inhibitory corrosion effects.

Example 2

46.5% w / w an alkane-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C, eg petrolatum oil, heavy

1.2% by weight, hydrated calcium oxide

25.2 wt. metallic copper powder

25.5 wt. salts of higher fatty acids with caustic earths

1.6 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine with stearic acid.

It is a lubricant with better sliding properties for greater relative movement of parts, with very good anti-corrosion effects.

Example 3

38.8 wt. an alkane-cyclanic oil boiling above 280 ° C, e.g.

56.2% by weight, hydrated calcium oxide

2.1% by weight, copper metal copper 2.8% by weight. % alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids 0.1 wt. condensation product of triethanolamine and stearic acid.

This lubricant is very suitable for less high working pressures and less relative movement of the contact surfaces of the parts, but has only less inhibitory effects against corrosion.

Salts of higher fatty acids with alkali metals and caustic earth metals form the grease base of the oil with the oil. These are actually soaps of the mentioned metals, which dissolve, respectively. when mixed with oil, they form a gel-like structure of the actual fat. The addition of these soaps results in better lubricating properties and a more firmly adhering lubricating film in the viscated fat, which exhibits a higher resistance to failure. These properties result from the characteristic structure of soap molecules that suitably orientate between the two contacting surfaces in the fat.

Alcanic-cyclanic oil forms the liquid grease base of the fat. It is a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons boiling above 280 ° C. It is a colorless to slightly yellowish, oily, low viscosity liquid.

It results from chemical saturation of bonds

220 chemical stability, resistance to atmospheric agents, oxidation stability, low reactivity. These properties are manifested in the lubricant especially by its stability during the process of formation and effect of vibration corrosion, ie. oscillating motion even at high temperatures and pressures. The low viscosity ensures good absorption of the oil into the inorganic fillers, which again increases the desired properties of the resulting lubricant.

Oxides and their hydrated forms of corrosive earth elements create a solid lubricating base for fat. Oxides crystallize mostly in the cubic crystal system, their hydrate forms in the hexagonal system. They have a high melting point. In the lubricant, they form a separating film between two metal contact surfaces, thus preventing their direct contact with the possibility of surface interaction and damage. They have good sliding properties due to the crystalline structure. They tolerate high temperatures without chemical-physical changes. They withstand high pressures without chemical changes and are incorporated into the surface of a metallic material in a very thin film. In the case of H3O ⁺ and OH ions, they slightly alkalize the environment, reducing the possibility of attacking the metal surface by atmospheric corrosion.

Condensation prodrugs of triethanolamines with higher fatty acids having a number of atoms in the C 15 to C 20 chain, e.g. oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, have the function of corrosion inhibitor in said fat, improve the sliding properties and adhesion of the lubricating film. The inhibitory effect is due to the presence of a free electron pair on the nitrogen atom.

The configuration of the molecules of these substances determines their ability to orient themselves well between the two contacting surfaces in the lubricant, thereby improving the adhesion of the lubricant, respectively. lubricating film, on the metal surface.

Metallic powdered copper forms a rigid grease base under extreme conditions under high pressure surges, especially at higher vibration amplitudes, due to the good sliding and ductile properties of the metallic copper. The fine powder form of the metal predetermines the possibility of absorbing and attenuating force shocks and fixing the particles in the surface irregularities of the surfaces to be contacted. In this way, the contacting of the component's own materials is achieved, even under the mentioned conditions, by the application of high pressures during the impact movement. The surface-mounted thin copper layer then prevents the micro-welded joining of the component materials or the components. excessive wear of these materials.

Claims (2)

An anti-vibration wear component for components, in particular for high pressures, containing 2.0 to 25.0 wt. salts of higher fatty acids with alkali metals and caustic earth metals, characterized in that it further comprises 20.0 to 48.0% by weight of a fatty acid; % of alkanic-cyclanic oils boiling above 280 ° C, 0.1 to 59.0 wt. % of oxides of the invention and of their hydrates and 0.1 to 40.0 wt. metallic copper powder. Lubricant according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 1.6 wt. condensation products of higher fatty acid triethanolamines having carbon numbers in the C ₁₅ to C ₂ chain.