CS217844B1 - Thread for fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

The size for fibers is intended for surface protection and treatment, especially of glass fibers, to which it is applied in the form of an aqueous solution. The basic component of the size consists of 0.5 to 5% by weight of polyethylene oxide of the general formula -(O-CHg-CHg-Jn» where n = 2,000 to 100,000 with an average molecular weight of 100,000 to 4,000,000. The size can also be used to treat glass silk and warps intended for the production of fine glass fabrics on jet or other high-performance looms. The fabrics can then be used directly without further treatment to reinforce composites, e.g. electroplastics, especially after the addition of silane binding agents.

Description

The invention relates to a polyethylene oxide wash for surface treatment of fibers.

Textile fibers, especially glass fibers, should be suitably surface treated prior to processing and use. Adjustments are called lubrication or finishing. They are applied to the fibers during their shaping and drawing in the form of aqueous solutions or emulsions. Different requirements and demands on quality and properties of fibers and products from them during their production, processing and use led to the development and use of special surface treatments and their combinations. We use direct lubrication

- plastic and indirect - textile. The basic components of indirect lubricants are glues, gelatin, cellulose and starch derivatives, fats, oils and waxes and other substances commonly used in the textile industry. In the case of direct lubricants intended for the production of fibers used for composite reinforcement, the basic components are derivatives of starch, polyvinyl acetate, polyester and epoxy resins, silanes, polyethylene glycol, surfactants, lubricants.

The glass fibers are also fabricated by twisting into yarns used thereafter as warp and weft materials in fabric manufacture. Depending on the technological demands and type of machinery, it is sometimes necessary to additionally slacken the warp. For this purpose, 3-5% solutions or emulsions of starch, carboximethylcellulose, glues, polyvinyl alcohol, waxes, methacrylates and the like and combinations thereof are used. These sizes facilitate the processing of the warps during weaving. Nevertheless, when weaving on powerful, eg jet looms, their particles are released, which then dust, pollute the working environment, clog the guide and picking mechanisms, cause defects and breaks, and the utility output of the looms decreases. For fabrics intended to reinforce composites, washes in combination with lubrication often at the phase interface glass fiber

- the resins act separably, negatively affect their mutual bond and must be removed by firing, coronation. During coronation, darker carbonaceous or ash-like residues remain on the fabrics, which deteriorate the aesthetic appearance and whiteness of the fabrics and thus of the composites. Nor does the addition of oxidizing agents or oxygen enrichment of combustion air help.

These shortcomings will be eliminated or reduced to a bearing limit by using the size according to the invention. The invention consists in that the aqueous wash contains 0.5 to 5% of polyethylene oxide of the formula - _{(0-CH2 -CH2) n,} wherein n = 2,000 to 100,000, an average molecular weight from 100 000 to 4000 000. A 2% aqueous solution is sufficient for sizing the warps at 30 to 70 ° C.

A high-quality protective layer is created on the fiber, which, even at 0.2% by weight, allows trouble-free weaving and thus maximum utility performance of the looms. In combination with direct lubrication, the inventive size allows the direct use of fabrics for the production of composites even without coronation. the size does not prevent good contact of the fiber surfaces with, for example, an epoxy resin. For special applications and purposes, the sizing can be supplemented with 0.1-1.5% silane binding agents, preferably, for example, epoxisilane, methacrylsilane, aminosilane, vinylsilane, silylated polyazamide, and so forth. treatment by coronation, then the high-oxygen content of the polyethylene oxide wash makes it very easy, as it promotes the burning of organic substances and thus increases the whiteness of the fabrics.

Examples of sizing compositions according to the invention:

Example 1 Polyethylene oxide of formula - (O-CH 2 -CH _{2) n} where n = 2 000 100 000 average molecular weight of 100 000 to 4 000 000 3% by weight water% by weight

EXAMPLE 2 polyetylenoxld formula - _{(0-CH2 -CH2) n,} wherein n = 2 000 to 100 000 with an average molecular weight from 100 000 to 4 000 000 gamma-glycidoxipropyltrimetoxisilan formula

ch ₂ -ch-ch ₂ -o (CH ₂ ) ₃ -Sl- (OCH 3) 3 water% by weight

0.5% by weight

97.5% by weight

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Grain for the finishing of yarns and fabrics, in particular of glass, characterized in that it consists of an aqueous solution containing 0.5 to 5% by weight of polyethylene oxide of the formula - (O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ ) _n , where n = 2,000 to 100,000, with an average molecular weight of 100,000 to 4,000,000. 2. Sizing for the yarns and for the additional surface treatment of yarns and fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that it also contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of silane binding agents. Severography, n. P „závod 7, Most