CS217485B1

CS217485B1 - A tool for electrochemical machining of passages, especially of boreholes

Info

Publication number: CS217485B1
Application number: CS562080A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Jan Augustin; Jan Banas; Jozef Krizak
Original assignee: Jan Augustin; Jan Banas; Jozef Krizak
Priority date: 1980-08-15
Filing date: 1980-08-15
Publication date: 1983-01-28

Abstract

Vynález rieši elektrochemické obrábanie priechodzích róznotvarových otvorov. Podstatou vynálezu je, že aspoň časť čelnej aktivněj plochy je skloněná voči rovině kolméj na směr jeho posuvu o uhol a.The invention solves the electrochemical machining of through holes of various shapes. The essence of the invention is that at least a part of the front active surface is inclined to the plane perpendicular to the direction of its movement by an angle α.

Description

Vynález rieši elektrochemické obrábanie priechodzích róznotvarových otvorov.The invention solves electrochemical machining of through-holes.

Podstatou vynálezu je, že aspoň časť čelnej aktivněj plochy je skloněná voči rovině kolméj na směr jeho posuvu o uhol a. 217485 2It is an object of the invention that at least a part of the front active surface is inclined with respect to the plane perpendicular to the direction of its displacement by the angle α.

Vynález sa týká nástroja pre elektrochemické obrábanie priechodzích. róznotvarových otvorov do kovových materiálov.The invention relates to a tool for electrochemical processing of passages. orifices to metal materials.

Doteraz známe nástroje pre elektrochemické obrábanie priechodzích otvorov majú čelnú aktívnu plochu kolmú na směr posuvu nástroja. Proces elektrochemického obrábania s takto uspořiadaným nástrojom je spofahlivý dovtedy, kým čelná aktívna plocha neprechádza skrz obrábaným materiálom. Pri přechode čelnej aktivněj časti nástroja výběhovou hranou obrábaného materiálu, vznikajú na obrábanom materiáli ploché otřepy a ihly o hrúbke cca 0,2-0,1 mm, ktoré vplyvom prúdenia elektrolytu kmitajú, čím spósobujú elektrické skraty, ktoré poškodzujú čelnú aktívnu plochu nástroja. V ďalšej fáze obrábania sa otřepy a ihly uvolňujú a spósobujú, že vplyvom elektrických skratov v oblasti bočnej medzery dochádza k poškodzovaniu bočnej aktívnej plochy nástroja, ktorá je dóležitá pri vytváraní vlastného tvaru a rozměru priechodzeho otvoru. Takéto poškodenie potom zapříčiní, že na stěnách priechodzích tvarových otvorov sa vytvárajú prúdnice a makronerovnosti, ktoré znehodnocujú výsledok obrábania.' Na vyššie uvedené poruchy v obrábaní reaguj ú potom protiskratové ochranné systémy, ktoré sú súčasťou elektrochemických hlbiacich zariadení tak, že prerušujú vypínáním generátorov pracovného prúdu proces obrábania, čím vznikajú stratové časy a prestoje.The prior-art tools for electrochemical machining of through holes have a front active surface perpendicular to the tool feed direction. The process of electrochemical machining with the tool so arranged is relievable as long as the front active surface does not pass through the material being machined. During the transition of the front active part of the tool by the run-out edge of the material to be machined, flat burrs and needles with a thickness of about 0.2-0.1 mm, which oscillate due to the electrolyte flow, thus causing electrical short-circuits which damage the tool front surface. In a further machining step, the burrs and needles are released and cause the side active surface of the tool to be damaged by electrical shorts in the region of the lateral gap, which is important in forming the actual shape and dimension of the passage opening. Such damage then causes the nozzles and macronostrisms to form on the walls of the passage openings, which detract from the machining result. ' Anti-short-circuit protection systems, which are part of electrochemical sinking devices, are then responding to the above-mentioned machining failures by interrupting the machining process by shutting down the current generators, resulting in loss times and downtime.

Vyššie uvedené nedostatky zmierňuje a technický problém rieši nástroj pre elektrochemické obrábanie priechodzích, najmá tvarových otvorov podfa vynálezu, ktorého podstatou je, že aspoň časť čelnej aktívnej plochy je skloněná voči rovině kolmej na směr jeho posuvu o uhol a. Do podstaty vynálezu patří aj to, že vrchol uhlu a čelnej aktívnej plochy je orientovaný k osi preplachovacieho kanála.The aforementioned drawbacks are alleviated and the technical problem is solved by a tool for electrochemical machining of passages, in particular of the openings according to the invention, the principle of which is that at least a part of the front active surface is inclined with respect to the plane perpendicular to its direction of movement. that the peak angle α of the front active surface is oriented toward the rinse channel axis.

Claims

OBJECT

A tool for electrochemical processing of passages, in particular of bore holes, in which an electrolyte feed channel is formed, connected to an electrolyte flushing channel resulting in an active flat tool, characterized in that at least a part of the front active surface (4) is a tool according to the invention. to ensure that the material to be machined on the run-out side of the through-hole is progressively away from the flushing channel to the opening wall at an angle a so that the root of the gradual material is always more massive than the remaining ends of the material, thereby avoiding thin needles and flat burrs which do not cause electrical losses. The surface of the machined hole is then of high quality, and the process of electrochemical machining of the through holes is smooth, free of faults and unnecessary interruption. In the attached drawing, there is an exemplary solution of a tool where it is drawn in a slice. The tool for electrochemical machining of through holes consists of a tool body 1 on which the front active surfaces 4 are formed inclined with respect to the plane perpendicular to the direction of its displacement by an angle α = 45 °. A side active surface 5 is formed above the front active surfaces 4. An electrolyte feed channel 2 is formed in the tool body 1, which is terminated by a flushing channel 3 leading to the peaks and angles of the active faces 4. The workpiece 6 is clamped to a washer 9 in which A cavity 10 is formed below the machined through opening 7. During the electrochemical machining of the through hole 7 in the workpiece 6, the front active surface 4 inclined at a = 45 ° forms an oblique machined surface 8 inclined at an angle α = 45 °. In fact, the lateral active surface 5 of the tool performs the calibration of the passage opening 7 in the workpiece 6. During the electrochemical machining, the electrolyte is fed into the working space 11 of the invention via an inlet channel 2 and a flushing channel 3 inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to its displacement direction by an angle ()).

2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the apex (a) of the front active surface (4) is oriented towards the rinse channel axis (3). 1 drawing 217485