CS216256B1 - Defoaming means - Google Patents

Description

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an effective antifoam composition for industrial application wherein the formulation is selected to be practically nontoxic, good biodegradable and effective at very low concentrations, with the individual components being products of industrial manufacturing.

A number of defoamers are known from literature and industry practice, and in general it is possible to state that defoamers are generally poly-component systems based on synthetic as well as natural substances, effectively combined both in terms of types of substances and their quantitative representation. It is known to use hydrocarbons as well as their halogen derivatives, furthermore some oxygen-containing oxygen-containing compounds are known, to which lower oxiranes are generally added and organosilicon compounds are also widely used. The formulation of antifoams is quite often done with a narrow application focus that cannot be effectively used in various fields. Some of the components known in the literature, in particular halogen-containing substances, are not widely used due to toxicity and undesirable environmental impacts of wastewater. Hydrocarbons and organosilicon compounds are also adversely affected by ecology. In order to achieve the desired efficacy, some types of antifoams must be added in larger amounts, which is also unfavorable in terms of ecology and economics.

The negative antifoaming properties of the present invention are reduced to a minimum by the antifoam composition of the present invention, which is also suitable for fermentation processes, prepared on the basis of fatty acids and lower oxirane tuning products into oxygenated aliphatic compounds such that it consists of:

up to 15 wt. etoxamers and / or propoxamers of aliphatic alcohols, having a carbon number of 4 to 12, with an average molecular weight of from 1200 to 2500.

% to 20 wt. % propoxamers of polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably glycerine, up to 15 wt. % copolymer of etoxamer and / or propoxamer of at least one higher fatty unsaturated acid, preferably oleic acid, up to 45 wt. % of at least one higher fatty unsaturated acid, preferably oleic acid, up to 30 wt. natural vegetable oil and / or medicinal oil and the remainder being higher fatty saturated acids and other accompanying acids.

The antifoam composition of the present invention is practically non-toxic, without causing pathological changes, even in sustained application, with the individual components being industrially available with a relatively high content of unsaturated fatty acids positively occurring even at higher organisms and a critical number of components being well biodegradable in wastewater. High efficiency • allows application at very low concentrations, which is positively reflected in both cost and environmental aspects.

As is evident from the above-mentioned general recipe, from a quantitative point of view, the defoaming agent consists of higher fatty unsaturated acids and their derivatives, whether triglycerides or etoxamers and / or propoxamers, respectively. alkylpolyethoxamers and copolymer products. The essential component - higher fatty acids - is a biological product that is consumable by biological organisms.

In view of the analysis of the individual components of the antifoam according to the invention, one component is the etoxamers and / or propoxamers of aliphatic alcohols. In terms of technical availability and economics, aliphatic alcohols having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms are at the forefront, but alcohols with a greater number of angles are also important in terms of technical effect. It is important that the resulting molecule exhibits the desired structure in terms of surface-active properties, which is solved by the sequential addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as well as an adequate number of the binder molecules of said oxiranes.

The second component consists of polyoxifunctional alcohol propoxamers, in particular glycerol, methylglycerol, polymethyloalkanes such as trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol and mono- and disaccharides, in particular hydrogenated carbohydrates such as sorbitol, xylitol and the like. As the raw material for the preparation of etoxamer and / or propoxamer, higher fatty unsaturated acids are used, either individually or in mixtures, optionally together with saturated fatty acids. From a technical-economic point of view, more advantageous mixtures are prepared by saponification of vegetable oils. The provenance of rape plant or oil regulates both the qualitative and quantitative representation of individual acids after saponification. Unsaturated acids such as oleic, erucic, ricinic, linolenic and the like have been shown to be effective. The presence of some small amounts of saturated acids is also not a problem. These acids are applied in the anti-foaming agent according to the invention free on their own and on the other hand in the form of a copolymer with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, respectively. addition and polyadenated acid products of oxirane and / or methyloxirane. The free acids need not be identical to those used to prepare etoxamers and / or acid propoxamers.

Another component is either a natural vegetable oil or a mineral, mainly medicinal oil, or a mixture thereof. The remainder is supplemented by higher fatty acids, which usually accompany unsaturated acids, or may be supplemented in small amounts for economic efficiency.

Example 1

Prepare a mixture consisting of:

% W / w. % butylpolyethoxopolypropioxamer (Butoxyslovanik BK 61), wt. propoxamer of technical glycerol,

13 wt. % copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to a mixture of acids prepared by saponification of sunflower oil; % oleic acid, wt. % mixture of acids prepared by saponification of sunflower oil; % of medicinal oil, wt. sunflower oil and the remainder 7 wt. they consist essentially of higher saturated fatty acids and some other accompanying unsaturated acids.

The antifoam thus prepared is tested on a standard 1% sodium lauryl sulphate solution in an amount corresponding to a concentration of 0.1% by weight. at 25 ° C. The initial foaming of the solution is 220 cm, after application of the antifoam, the foaming decreases after 5 min to 45 cm of foam height.

Example 2

By mixing, an antifoaming agent is prepared comprising:

% wt. n-butanol polypropoxpolyetoxamer with an average molecular weight of 2000,% by weight; % polypropoxamer trimethylolpropane, wt. % polyetoxpolypropoxamer of the acid oil; % of a mixture of acids prepared from rapeseed oil, wt. % sunflower oil,% wt. % of medicinal oil and the remainder% wt. they are associated with unsaturated and saturated acids.

The foaming is blown off as in Example 1, the resulting foaming being only 5 cm of foam height after 5 min. The toxicity test device exhibits the following main values:

LD ₅₀ 17.5 g. kg ¹ .

dose 10 g. kg ¹ does not cause death of any animal, eye test harmless and god test very weakly harmful.

Claims (4)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Anti-foaming agent, in particular for fermentation processes, based on fatty acids and products formed by the addition of lower oxiranes to oxygen-containing aliphatic compounds, characterized in that it consists of: 5 to 15 wt. etoxamers and / or propoxiamers of aliphatic alcohols, having a carbon number of 4 to 12, an average molecular weight of from 1200 to 2500, 12 to 20 wt. propoxamers of polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 6 'carbon atoms, preferably glycerin, 10 to 15 wt. a copolymer of etoxamer and / or propoxamer of at least one higher fatty unsaturated acid, preferably oil όνε], 20 to 45 wt. at least one higher fatty unsaturated acid, preferably oil όνε], 14 to 30 wt. % of native vegetable oil and / or medicinal oil and the remainder being higher fatty saturated acids and other accompanying acids.