CS216255B1

CS216255B1 - Operation rotating head for machining the holes with small spacing

Info

Publication number: CS216255B1
Application number: CS434678A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Pavel Kastel; Juraj Petrik; Marian Charvat
Original assignee: Pavel Kastel; Juraj Petrik; Marian Charvat
Priority date: 1978-06-30
Filing date: 1978-06-30
Publication date: 1982-10-29

Description

Vynález sa týká operačnej otočnej hlavy na opracovanie otvorov s malými rozstupmi v jednej pracovnej stanici obrábacieho stroja bez změny polohy obrobku.The present invention relates to an operating rotary head for machining small-pitch holes in a single machine station without changing the position of the workpiece.

Doteraz známe viacvretenové operačně hlavy sú určené na opracovanie otvorov na obrobkoch, ktorých vzájemné rozstupy, čiže osové vzdialenosti nie sú menšie než konstrukčně dané vzájomné vzdialenosti odpovedajúcich pracovných vretien. Ak je rozstup otvorov na obrobku menší než minimálna možná vzdialenosť praoovných vretien vedla sebá, vtedy jě nutné presunúť obrobok do ďalšej polohy alebo poloh, kde operujú dalšie viacvretenové operačně hlavy, ako sú bežne riešené například jednoúčelové obráfoacie stroje s viacpolohovým otočným alebo priamočiarym nosičem obrobkov.The prior art multi-spindle operating heads are intended for machining holes on workpieces whose mutual spacing, i.e. axial distances, are not less than the structurally spaced relative distances of the corresponding working spindles. If the spacing of the holes on the workpiece is less than the minimum possible spindle distance of the spindles, it is necessary to move the workpiece to the next position or positions where other multi-spindle operating heads operate, such as conventional single purpose machine tools with multi-position rotary or straight workpiece carriers.

Podstatná nevýhoda takéhoto riešenia je v tom, že nanastá nutný počet pracovných poloh, s čím súvisí narastanie počtu operačných ^hláv5 pohonných jedm?^ Qpmftýsh hláv, ďalej pódorysnej ploohy stroja, rastie nároč216255 nosť elektroautomatiky připadne hydrauliky alebo pneumatiky stroja. So zvyšováním počtu poloh otočného alebo priamočiareho nosiča obrobkov sa naopak zmenšuje priestor pre konštrukciu upínača obrobku, čo je nevýhodné.The main disadvantage of such a solution is that the required number of working positions is increased, which is associated with an increase in the number of operating ^heads 5 of driving heads, furthermore of the machine footprint, electro-automation or hydraulic tires or machine tires. On the other hand, as the number of positions of the rotatable or rectilinear workpiece carrier increases, the space for the workpiece clamp construction is reduced, which is disadvantageous.

Uvedené nevýhody sú odstránené operačnou hlavou na opracovanie otvorov s malými rozstupmi bez změny polohy obrobku, v jednej pracovnej stanici obrábacieho stroja, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že v operačnej otočnej hlavě sú uložené dvojice pracovných vretien, z ktorých niektoré sú na danom poloměre ri a zvyšné pracovně vretená z každej dvojice sú na danom poloměre r₂ od osi otáčania otočnej hlavy, pričom osi pracovných vretien sú rovnoběžné s osou natáčania otočnej hlavy, vzájomná poloha vretien, tvoriacich dvojice, je daná uhlom natáčania φ otočnej hlavy a rozstup m opracovávaných otvorov na obrobku je rovný rozdielu polomerov ri a r₂,These drawbacks are eliminated by an operating head for machining small-pitch holes without changing the workpiece position, in one machine tool workstation, which consists in that pairs of working spindles, some of which are on a given radius r and the remaining working spindles of each pair are at a given radius r ₂ from the pivot axis of the rotary head, the axes of the working spindles being parallel to the pivot axis of the rotating head, the relative position of the spindles forming the pairs is given by the pivot angle φ of the pivot head the workpiece is equal to the radius difference ri and ar ₂ ,

Použitím predmetnej operačnej otočnejUsing the present operating rotary

L i..L i ..

hlavy sa docieli možnost opracovania otvorov na obrobkoch so vzájemným rozstupom menším než je minimálna možná vzdialenosť pracovných vretien vedla seba, ktorá je daná konštrufceiou vretien, ioh uložením, kinematikou pohonu a konštrukciou upínania pracovných náatirojov vo vretenách.The possibility of machining the holes on the workpieces with a spacing smaller than the minimum possible spacing of the working spindles next to each other, which is given by the spindle construction, the bearing, the kinematics of the drive and the construction of the working tool clamping in the spindles.

Ďalej použitím predmetnej operačnej otočnej hlavy sa podstatné zvýši možnost komplexnejšieho opracovania daného obrobku v jednej pracovnej stanici a nie je nutné premiestniť obrobek do ďalšej pracovnej stanice. Z uvedeného vyplývá šetrenie pracovných stanic, teda opeiračných hláv a pohonných jednotiek týchto hláv, ďalej šetrenie pódorysnej plochy stroja, zjednoduší sa zariadenie automatiky stroja.Furthermore, the use of the operating swivel head substantially increases the possibility of more complex machining of the workpiece in one workstation, and there is no need to move the workpiece to another workstation. As a result, the workstations, i.e. the ophthalmic heads and the drive units of these heads, are saved, as well as the footprint of the machine, the automation of the machine is simplified.

Na pripojenom výkrese je schematicky znázorněný příklad operačnej otočnej hlavy podlá vynálezu, a to v náryse na obr. 1 a pohlade smerom A—A na obr. 2.In the accompanying drawing, an example of an operating rotary head according to the invention is shown schematically in front view of FIG. 1 and A-A in FIG. Second

Operačná otočná hlava 3 nesie dve dvojice pracovných vretien 1, 2, pričom vretená 1 sú na poloměre iq a vretená 2 na poloměre r₂od osi otáčania otočnej hlavy 3. Vretená 1 a 2 sú vzájomne natočené pod uhlem natočenia φ, ktorý je zároveň uhlom natočenia otočnej hlavy 3. Na obrobku 4 sa opračovávajú dve dvojice otvorov, ktorých rozstup m je rovný právě rozdielu polomerov iq a r₂.The operating pivot head 3 carries two pairs of working spindles 1, 2, wherein the spindles 1 are on radius iq and the spindles 2 are on radius r ₂ from the pivot axis of the pivot head 3. Spindles 1 and 2 are rotated relative to each other Two pairs of holes are machined on the workpiece 4, the spacing m being equal to the difference of radii iq and ar ₂ .

Pri opracovávaní obrobku 4 operačná otočná hlava 3 vykoná naj skór operáciu pracovnými vretenami 1 a po skončení operácie sa hlava pootočí o uhol natočenia φ, čím sa naistavla pracovně vretená 2 do pracovnej polohy a vykonajú operáciu na obrobku 4 vo vzdialenosti rovnej rozstupu m od otvorov opracovaných predchádzajúcou operáciou. V tejto fáze pracujú vretená 1 naprázdno a nezasahujú do obrobku 4 .ani iných častí stroja.When machining the workpiece 4, the operating rotary head 3 performs a first operation with the working spindles 1 and after the operation the head is rotated by an angle of rotation φ, thereby setting the working spindles 2 into the working position and performing the operation on the workpiece 4 at a distance equal to m previous operation. At this stage, the spindles 1 operate idle and do not interfere with the workpiece 4 and other machine parts.

Pri vhodnej volbě polohy natáčania otočnej hlavy 3 voči obrobku 4, polomerov iq a r₂, ďalej uhla natočenia φ otočnej hlavy je možné podlá uvedeného principu riešiť prakticky 1’ubovoTiné případy opracovania otvorov s malými rozstupmi m.If the rotation position of the rotating head 3 relative to the workpiece 4, the radii iq and r ₂ , and the angle of rotation φ of the rotating head is suitably selected, virtually any case of machining holes with small spacing m can be solved.

Pre případ postupného opracovania tých istých otvorov v danom technologiokom slede operách, například vřtanie, vystruhovanie, možno použiť predmetnú operačnú hlavu s dvojicami vretien umiestnenými n'a rovnakom poloměre od osi otáčania otočnej hlavy. Vtedy nadobúda rozstup m nulovú hodnotu.In the case of successive machining of the same holes in a given sequence of operations, such as drilling, reaming, the subject head can be used with pairs of spindles positioned on the same radius from the axis of rotation of the rotatable head. Then the spacing m becomes zero.

Předmětná operačná otočná hlava móže mať aj viac dvojíc pracovných vretien pre róane velkosti rozstupov m opracovávaných otvorov.The operating swivel head may also have a plurality of pairs of working spindles for the wound size m to be machined.

Claims

2 of the head, the possibility of machining the openings of the workpieces with a spacing less than the minimum possible spacing of the working spindles is achieved, which is given by the design of the spindles, the bearing, the kinematics of the drive and the design of the workpiece clamping in the spindles. Furthermore, by using the present operating rotary head, the possibility of more complex machining of the workpiece in one workstation is substantially increased and there is no need to transfer the workpiece to another workstation. As a result of this, the saving of the workstations, that is to say the foaming heads and the drive units of these heads, furthermore the saving of the machine-surface area is simplified, the machine automation is simplified. In the accompanying drawing, there is shown schematically an example of an operating rotary head according to the invention, in the front view in FIG. 1 and in the direction A-A in FIG. 2. The operating rotary head 3 carries two double working spindles 1, 2 wherein the spindles are on the radius η and the spindle 2 on the radius r2 of the axis of rotation of the rotary head 3. The spindles 1a 2 are pivoted relative to each other at the tilting angle φ, which is also the angle of rotation of the rotating head 3. Two pairs of openings abut against the workpiece 4 whose spacing m is equal to the difference of radii η and r2. When machining the workpiece 4, the operative rotary head 3 performs the first operation by the working spindles 1 and, after the operation, the head rotates by the rotational angle φ, thereby securing the working spindle 2 to the working position and performing the operation on the workpiece 4 at a distance equal to In this phase, the spindles 1 work idle and do not extend into the workpiece 4 or other parts of the machine. In a suitable selection of the pivoting position of the rotatable head 3 relative to the workpiece 4, the radii η and ar2, the rotation of the rotary head φ can be solved according to the principle of practically any cases of machining holes with small spacings. In the case of the same holes in the given technological follow-ups such as drilling, reaming, the operative head may be used with spindle pairs located on a flat radius from the pivot axis of the pivot head. The operating swivel head in question also grips a plurality of pairs of working spindles of the prerosine size of the punched holes. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION A rotary operating head for machining small spacing openings in one machine tool station without changing the position of the workpiece, characterized in that pairs of working spindles (1, 2) are supported in the operating head (3), of which the spindle (1) they are on the half-axis (rf) and the spindles (2) are on the radius (r2) from the axis of rotation of the rotating head (3), the axes of the working spindles being parallel to it and the relative positions of the spindles (1, 2) being given the angle of rotation (φ) of the rotary head (3) and the spacing (m) of the work holes (4) being processed by the difference in radii (r1; r2). 2 drawings