CS214363B1 - Method of surface treatment of granulated industrial fertilizers - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the invention was to find a simple one a way to prevent industrial caking fertilizers. This goal will be achieved by that at a temperature of up to 100 ° C, the surface of the granules 0.1 to 1 wt. mineral mixtures oil and distillation residues after processing of fatty acids, the latter being the mixture contains 20 to 90 wt. distillation residues.

Description

(54) Surface treatment of granular industrial fertilizers

The purpose of the invention was to find a simple way to prevent caking of industrial fertilizers. This is achieved by applying 0.1 to 1% by weight of the granules at a temperature of up to 100 ° C. a mixture of a mineral oil and a distillation residue after the fatty acid treatment, the mixture containing 20 to 90 wt. distillation residues.

214 363

2X4 363

The invention relates to a method of surface treatment of granular industrial fertilizers.

Granulated industrial fertilizers are sintered when stored in bulk and packaged in bags and form agglomerates which cause difficulties in handling in industrial and industrial warehouses during transport and spreading on fields.

To prevent, respectively. reduced sintering, fertilizers are surface treated. In most modern coating technologies, a surfactant is sprayed onto the granulate and then the fertilizer is powdered with a finely ground mass, for example bentonite or kaolin.

The method of fis is known. No. 185,371), in which the granulate is covered with a layer of a mixture consisting of (a) distillation residues from the treatment of fatty acids and / or tall oil, (b) fatty acids and (c) mineral and / or crude tall oil. Fatty acid derivatives, such as soaps and amines, may also be added to this mixture. Although this type of surface treatment of fertilizers has proven to work well in practice, it has some disadvantages. At least three components must be used to form the active mixture, of which, in particular, fatty acids are a valuable raw material which can be evaluated by other methods.

We have now found a simplified process for the surface treatment of granular industrial fertilizers, the principle of which is to apply at a temperature of up to 100 ° C 0.1 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, on the surface of the granules. a mixture of a mineral oil and a distillation residue after the fatty acid treatment, the mixture comprising 20 to 90, preferably 30 to 60 wt. distillation residues resulting from the treatment of fatty acids.

The distillation residue from the processing of the fatty acid is a distillation residue after the second cleaved fatty acids, C ₂₂ to C _1Q at a maximum temperature of 240 ° C and a vacuum of 10 torr. It is a dark, viscous to solid mass with a pour point of 5 to 40 ° C, an acid number of 20 to 50, a saponification number of 100 to 160 and a content of unsaponifiable matter of 10 to 30% by weight. Chemically it is a diverse mixture of triglycerides of higher fatty acids, free fatty acids, particularly C ₁₄ to C _2Q degradation products of fatty acids, sterols and fatty alcohols, particularly C ₂₆ to C _2Q ·

Mineral oil can be, for example, various types of bearing oil having a flash point of 135 to 170 ° C, an acid number of max. 0.15, or various kinds of dark oils with a flash point of 140 to 160 ° C, an acid number of max. at 20 ° C 0.950 to 0.960 g / cm 2.

The advantage of the process according to the invention is simplicity, since the spray mixture contains only two necessary components and thus does not use expensive fatty acids and dilution of the distillation residues with a sufficient amount of mineral oil makes it possible to carry out the surface treatment at normal temperatures without preheating the mixture.

The surface treatment can be carried out by conventional machinery, for example by overfill spraying, dosing by spraying into a rotating drum, etc. To maintain good physical storage properties, it is advantageous to carry out the treatment in a combined manner, i.e. spraying first and then powdering, e.g. rubber kaolin.

The base mixture of mineral oil and distillation residues can be supplemented with other substances, which have a beneficial effect on maintaining storage properties, eg higher fatty acid amines (stearylamine).

214 363

The effectiveness of the proposed procedure has been verified on the combined fertilizers of type N: P ₂ ° 5 ^! : K10 ⁼ 11: 11: 14 and 12: 19: 19. Samples from normal production were treated according to the method of the invention and tested together with the corresponding untreated granulate by a standard sintering test. In Examples 3, 4, 5, a comparison was made to the procedure of AO No. 185 371.

Examples

Example 1

Per 100 wt. 0.3 parts by weight of granular fertilizer 11: 11: 14 were sprayed at 30 ° C. parts by weight of a mixture containing 50 wt. % of distillation residues and 50 wt. bearing oil B2. Subsequently, 0.5 wt. parts of rubber kaolin.

Example 2

Per 100 wt. 0.5 parts by weight of granulated fertilizer 11: 11: 14 were sprayed at 60 ° C. % of a blend containing 70 wt. oil OD 8. Subsequently, 0.5 wt. parts of rubber kaolin.

Example 3

Per 100 wt. 0.3 parts by weight of granular fertilizer 12: 19: 19 were sprayed at 20 ° C. % by weight of a mixture of 50 wt. % of distillation residues and 50 wt. bearing oil J2. The treated fertilizer was then powdered with 0.5 parts by weight of rubber kaolin.

To compare the efficacy, it was per 100 wt. 0.3 parts by weight of the same type of fertilizer. parts by weight of the composition of 40 wt. % of distillation residue, 40 wt. % fatty acids, 10 wt. % stearylamine and 10 wt. mineral oil (AO No. 185 371). The treated fertilizer was then powdered with 0.5 wt. parts of rubber kaolin.

Example 4

Per 100 wt. 0.2 parts by weight of granulated NPK fertilizer 11: 11: 14 was sprayed at 30 ° C. parts by weight of a mixture containing 60 wt. and 40 wt. bearing oil B2. Subsequently, 0.5 wt. parts of kaolin.

For comparison, it was 100 wt. 0.2 parts by weight of the above untreated fertilizer was applied. parts by weight of the molten mixture containing 20 wt. % of distillation residue, 70 wt. fatty acids and 10 wt. mineral oil (according to AO No. 185 371).

Example 5

Per 100 wt. 0.2 parts by weight of the fertilizer of Example 4 were sprayed at 30 ° C. parts of a mixture containing 60% distillation residue and 40% oil J2. Subsequently, 0.5 wt. parts of kaolin.

For comparison, it was 100 wt. 0.2 parts by weight of the same fertilizer was applied. parts by weight of a mixture containing 50 wt. % of distillation residue, 40 wt. % fatty acids and 10 wt. of oil 0D8. Subsequently, 0.5 wt. parts of kaolin.

The measured pressures (N) in the standard sintering test were as follows in each example:

Claims (1)

P ft E D HAVE THE INVENTION Process for surface treatment of granular fertilizers, characterized in that 0.1 to 1% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, is applied to the surface of the granules at a temperature of up to 100 ° C. a mixture of a mineral oil and a distillation residue after the fatty acid treatment, the mixture comprising 20 to 90, preferably 30 to 60 wt. distillation residues resulting from the treatment of fatty acids.