CS210449B1 - Frame wainscoting of the excavation walls - Google Patents

Abstract

Frame sheeting is intended for safe excavation work when removing faults in underground engineering networks. It consists of a system of vertical casings, supporting and spacing frames that can be manually assembled and dismantled from ground level and represents a simple modular system for assembling the sheeting without the need to enter an unlined trench.

Description

The invention solves the frame shoring of the excavation walls consisting of a system of vertical casing, truss frames and spacer frames so as to be manually assembled and dismountable from the ground level and dismountable into individual modular elements.

Classical sheeting is a costly wooden structure built manually in the excavation. During its assembly and disassembly, material losses are caused by landslides or even overwhelming workers, which often end up deadly. In order to prevent these injuries, a number of safety shoring systems have been developed using pantographic, scissor, articulated or hydraulic spacers controlled from ground level, but which are generally complex, heavy and expensive to manufacture and use. They cannot do without professional operators, lifting equipment, pumps or similar machines and their lifespan is considerably limited due to complexity. A satisfactory sheeting has not yet been developed. Therefore, the arm is basically a classic way, but the worker should be lowered into the trench in a protective steel cage, which, however, still has to leave while working, so that the risk of smothering only diminishes. Because of the lack of suitable sheeting material, they are not used at all in simpler cases.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the frame shoring of the excavation walls according to the invention, consisting of vertical casing, shim frames and spacer frames. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The thrust frame consists of connecting rods in which adjusting holes and extensions are formed and at least two longitudinal members provided with lugs on both ends attached to the connecting rods to which they are connected, for example by screws passing through the adjusting holes . The longitudinal members are provided with at least two fasteners for attaching the spacer frames, each consisting of a connecting rod to which the spacers are pivotably attached by means of sleeves, the other end of which is formed by an extendable arm adjustable for different spacing pitches. The telescopic arm is terminated by connecting links for insertion into the hinge of the longitudinal members, the uppermost sleeve being provided with a lock. In a spacer frame with more than two spacers, they are preferably according to another feature. according to the invention, their extension arms and also outwardly connected to the sleeves mounted on the connecting rod. More spacers can be locked under heavy loads.

The frame shoring of the excavation walls according to the invention represents a simple kit made of steel rod-shaped elements, particularly suitable for prompt interventions in the event of a water pipe accident or the like. Its main advantages are easy transport even on light means of transport, easy assembly on the lining parts of the required size and their dismantling, manual placement into the trench from the ground level and their pulling out after assembly work, because the weight of parts does not exceed 50 kg per worker. for excavations up to 2 m width and up to 4 m depth, considerable service life as only individual damaged elements can be replaced. Its use leads to considerable savings in lining material, savings in construction costs, in particular for the operation of construction machinery and associated energy. The greatest benefit is a significant reduction in the risk of injury during lining and assembly work.

The attached drawing shows schematically the basic frame shoring elements according to the invention, an exemplary embodiment of a simple frame arm of the excavation walls and a diagram of a more complex spacer frame. Giant. Fig. 1 shows a view of the assembled support frame, Fig. 2 shows a view of the spacer frame before it is lowered into the excavation, Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the excavation with a simple sheeting in working position, ie with attached vertical casing fixed by respective support frames and simple spacers with two spacers, the upper of which is secured by a lock. FIG. 4 shows the spacer frame for deep excavations in the operating position.

To the walls of the machine excavation (Figs. 1 to 3) there are lowered frames composed of connecting rods 1 with adjusting holes 2 and extensions partially stabbed in the bottom of the excavation so that the shoring structure is rectangular in cross-sectional working position and longitudinal members 8 in this case 2 m long, which have loosely threaded at both ends of the eyes on the tie rods 1 and fastened at the desired height by bolts passing through the adjusting holes 2. The supporting frames are braced with a spacer frame which has been inserted into the trench so that the connecting links 10, in this case the pins, have snapped.

210 449 are provided with extendable arms 8 forming the other end of the spacers 8 pivotally connected to the sleeves 1 tightly threaded onto the tie rod 1 and fastened, for example by means of screws passing through the adjusting holes 2, whereupon 11 located on the upper sleeve 8, in this case by a pin passing through the clamped eyelet of the sleeve 4 and through an opening in the clamped locking arm on the spreader 8. Are they lowered between the supporting frames and the excavation walls? vertical casing. The hinges 6 may be made differently, but always so as to correspond to the connecting link 10 used, which may be, for example, a pin, a seat or the like. The length of the tie rods 1 is chosen according to the excavation depth. The fixed connection of the strut 8 to its extension arm 8 may be effected, for example, by a screw passing through the adjusting holes 2, or by other known means. The back of each sleeve 6 is preferably provided with a flat seat.

The frame shoring of the excavation walls is suitable for the construction, maintenance and repair of all civil engineering constructions where the guidance is stored at depths requiring shoring, eventually for the construction of collectors and similar objects, even for depths over 4 m, using longer connecting rods. In this case, however, using lifting means, since the weight of the lining panels exceeds the weight suitable for manual handling.

The frame shoring of the excavation walls for greater soil pressure or excavation depth (FIG. 4) consists of a plurality of longitudinal members 4 and a corresponding number of spacers 8. Their extension arms 4 can be terminated by a pivotably connected sleeve 4 threaded on the connecting rod 1 example. The spacing frame is thus formed by two connecting rods 1 with the sleeves 8 in the form of a sleeve 8, with a spacing 8 pivotably mounted between each corresponding pair of sleeves 8. The highest of the spacers 8 is provided with a lock 11. The extension arms 4 are exchanged for longer ones if the excavation width is large.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Frame casing of trench walls consisting of vertical casing, clamping frames and spacer frames, characterized in that the clamping frame consists of connecting rods (1) in which the adjustment holes (2) and the extension piece (3) and at least two longitudinal members (4) provided at both ends with lugs (5) slid onto the tie rods (1) to which they are connected, eg screws through the adjusting holes (2), the longitudinal members (4) being provided with at least two hinges (6) for fastening the spacer frames each comprising a connecting rod (1) on which spacers (8) are pivotably mounted by means of sleeves (7), the other end of which is formed by an extendable arm (9) adjustable for different spacing spacers (8) terminated by connecting links (10) for insertion into the hinge (6) of the side members (4), the uppermost sleeve (7) being provided with a lock (11). Frame arms of excavation walls according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer frame has more than two spacers (8), whose extendable arms (9) are also pivotably connected to the sleeves (7) mounted on the connecting rod (1), the lock (11) is provided with a plurality of spacers (8).