CS209626B1 - Means for increasing the harvest and technological quality of agricultural plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Means to increase crop and technology agricultural crops, such as sugar beets, potatoes and soy, as an active ingredient containing one or more substituted urea derivatives of Formula I 3 · R 1 * 3 - NH - CO - X / 1 1. wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl C 1 -C 4 linear or branched; R2 is alkyl C 1 -C 2, methoxy; R3 is phenyl or substituted phenyl chlorine, bromine, fluorine, methoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, p-chlorophenoxy or 2-benzotiazoly1skupinu. Meal harvesting agent Accepted utility plants by bud through spots / through root / or spraying / through leaves /. ' The result of the mission is change in physiological, biochemical and morphogenetic plant processes while achieving not only increase crops but also improve technological quality. Application of the composition of the invention can be done by spraying, grouting, spraying, fogging, sprinkling, and so on on whole plants or on the surface of a cat or. \ t by incorporating it into the poop, bud! flat or band treatment.

Description

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a means for increasing the crop of agricultural crops such as sugar beet, vera and soya and improving their technological quality comprising at least one urea derivative.

Various derivatives of 3-aryl-1-alkyl substituted ureas are known to exhibit potent herbicidal effects. A number of compounds of this type have found widespread use in agricultural practice as selectively herbicides against weeds in agronomic crops such as 3- (m-trifluoromethylphenyl-1,1-dimethylurea / fluometuron) in corn, 3- (3-chloro-4-bromophenyl). (-1-methyl-1-methoxyurea / chlorobromuron) for vera, soybeans, peas and bob, 1- (p - / - p-chlorophenoxy) phenyl / -1,1-dimethylurea / chloroxuron / for onions, carrots, strawberries, ornamental plants and soybeans,

3-7 4-Chloro-3-toluyl / -1,1-dimethylurea (chlorotoluron) for poppy seed, grain cereals, 3- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -1-methyl-1-methoxyurea (limuron) , sunflowers, peas, potatoes, hops, ropes, caraway, parsley, soybeans, carrots and lanterns, 3- (p-bromophenyl) -1-methyl-1-methoxyurea (metobromuron) for tobacco, beans and potatoes, 3- / 3 -Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl / -1,1-dimethylurea (methoxuron) for carrots, peas, winter wheat, 3- (p-chlorophenyl) -1-methyl-1-methoxy-urea (monolimuron) for potatoes, beans and soybeans, 3 - (3,4-Dichlorophenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (diuron) for cotton, 3-benzothiazol-2-yl-1,3-dimethylurea (methabenzthiazuron) for winter wheat and sown onion. The doses to be applied depend on the active substance itself, on its formulation, on the crop and its cultivation, on the type of soil and on other factors, and are between 0.75 to 5 kg of active substance / ha.

Increasing crop yields is a topical problem. Its increase, especially in the main crops, is the focus of a large number of workers from different areas. It seeks to achieve this by different ways, such as better crop nutrition, by breeding new high-performance cultivars, or by applying different chemicals called growth regulators.

Potatoes, soybeans and sugar beets are among the most important and widespread crops grown on an all-in-one scale. From this is evident also the effort to increase their harvest and technological quality.

It is apparent from both scientific and patent literature that a number of workers are concerned with the problems of maturation of sugar beet, increasing its sugar content and preventing loss of quality after the use of chemical substances.

The use of maleic hydrazide to increase beet sugar content is the subject of several publications [Schreiber, K. et al., J. Amer. Soc. Sugar Beet Technol. 14, 67 (1966), Hepler, P.R.

J. Amer. Soc. Sugar Beet Technol. £ 7., 3 1 5 (1973). A similar positive effect on sugarbeet crop has the application of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid / kitchen. H. et al .: Pflanzenernáhr. Bodenhd ..

0, 229 (1977) 7, pyrocatechin / fsingh B. et al., J. Amer. Soc. Beet. Technol. JJS, 45/1970/7, hydroquinone / Popov E .: Izv. Inst. Biol., Bulgar. Akad. Nauk J9, 19/1958/7, vanadyl sulphate fSingh B. et al., Sugar J. 31, 19/1970/7. Hoeringklee et al. in Pat. The GDR 1 23 775 protects the use of hexahydrotriazine-2,4-dione to increase crop crops, in particular beet and potato./

A similar increase in soybean crop by chemical treatment of the crop is described in the literature by various workers. Petrov P. I .: Rasteníevod. Nauki 15, 124 (1978) describes an increase in soybean yield over mechanical cultivation by pre-planting with 960 ml / ha of trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethyl-N, N-dipropylaniline) followed by a spray of 1.5 kg / ha of metobromuron. - / 4-brómfeny1 / 1-mety1-1-methoxyurea /. Nickell L. G. Chem. Eng. News 5 6, 18 (1978) reports on attempts to increase soybean yield by applying 2,3,6-triiodobenzoic acid under certain environmental conditions.

However, none of the long range of compounds tested has found application as a crop regulator in these crops.

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It has now been found that an increase in the yield of sugar beet, potatoes and soybeans and an improvement in their technological quality can be achieved by applying a composition according to the invention containing as active ingredient one or more substituted urea derivatives of the general formula I

NH - CO

(1) wherein the substituent R is hydrogen, (C1-C4) alkyl, linear or branched, R is (C1-C2) alkyl, methoxy, R is phenyl or phenyl substituted by chlorine, bromine, methoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, p-chlorophenoxy or 2-benzothiazolyl.

The crop crop control with the composition of the invention is achieved by application at various stages of crop development, either prior to sowing, simultaneously with sowing or preemergence, or postemergence, within a period of 3 weeks to 7 months prior to harvesting. The crop enhancement means can be taken up by useful plants either through the soil - through the roots - or by spraying, through the leaves. Resulting changes are the changes in the physiological, biochemical and raorphogenetic processes of plants, which are reflected in the regulation of assimilation production, which leads to increased deposition of assirailalates in economically important organs. In this process, not only an increase of the crop is achieved, but also an improvement of the technological quality, i.e. higher sucrose content in sugar beet, lower content of soluble ash (K, Na, Cl), amino acids, purine substances in spices. at a higher protein content in the grains compared to crops to which regulators have not been applied.

It has been found that the present invention containing urea derivatives of formula (I) as an active ingredient is an effective crop regulator for some agronomic crops such as sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), potatoes (Solanura tuberosum) and soy (Glycine max. /.

Application of the composition according to the invention can be carried out by spraying, watering, spraying, fogging, spreading on whole plants or on the surface of the soil or by incorporation into the soil, either by surface or strip treatment.

Suitable dosage forms are solutions, emulsions, dispersions, suspensions, aqueous or oily, wettable powders, dusts, dusts, dusts, pastes, granulates or microgranules, with the addition of liquid and / or solid carriers, optionally diluents, wetting agents, adhesives, binders, modifiers, surfactants. , emulsifying agents and / or dispersing agents, antifoams, pigments or dyes.

Suitable liquid carriers are, for example, water, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloroethane, ethylene chloride, chlorinated aromatics, alcohols such as methanol, butanol and ethers thereof, glycols, ketones such as acetone , methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, isophorone, dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide.

Of the aqueous application forms, emulsions and dispersions are particularly suitable. The subject substances are homogenized in water either as individuals or soluble in any of the above solvents 1, preferably by means of emulsifiers or dispersants. The cationic emulsifiers may be, for example, quaternary ammonium compounds, the anionic emulsifiers, for example, soap, greasy soap, alkali salts of long-chain aliphatic monosulfones, salts of aliphatic-aromatic sulfonic acids or long-chain alkoxyacetic acids or polyolefins, and non-ionic polyols condensed ethylene oxide products.

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It is also possible to prepare liquid or paste concentrates consisting of the active substance, an emulsifier or a dispersant and optionally a solvent, which can then be diluted with water. Wettable powders can be prepared by mixing the active ingredients with dispersants and powdered carriers to form a homogeneous mixture and grinding them. Suitable carrier materials are, for example, talc, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, calcium carbonate, norrn. calcium phosphate, sand, silica gel. The preparation can be carried out by applying the active ingredient to the carrier by means of a volatile solvent. With the addition of wetting agents, the powdered formulations and pastes can be brought into a water-suspendable state and thus can be used as a spray.

Examples of suitable dispersants are the condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and sulfonated naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, the condensation products of naphthalene, optionally naphthalenesulfonic acid with phenol and formaldehyde, as well as the alkali metal salts of ligninsulfonic acid, salts of dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate and sulfates salts of sulphated fatty alcohol glycol ethers, di-tertiary ethylene glycols, dialkyldiurylammonium chloride, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids, lignin, sulphite waste materials or acetylcellulose.

Suitable antifoams are, for example, silicone oils.

Granules and microgranules intended for application to the podium or foliar can be prepared by agglomeration, impregnation or coating. The granules may contain from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the active ingredient and from 0 to 10% by weight of other additives such as stabilizers, binders, plasticizers, solvents, adhesives and modifiers.

Suitable solid carriers are natural stone materials such as alumina, talc, quartz, diatomaceous earth, feldspar, kaolins, montraorillonite, saponite, chalk, limestone, sepiolite, chlorite, bentonite, vermiculite, atapulgite, zeolites, ground sawdust, sawdust , tree bark meal, corn cobs, activated charcoal and more.

Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose or acetylcellulose, natural or synthetic powdered, granular or latex polymers such as acacia, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate may be used in the treatment.

Polymeric microgranules can be prepared by impregnating, for example, porous polymer-based granules with the active ingredients in the form of their solutions and removing the solvent.

Advantages of the form of carrier are also seeds for seeding. The films may contain an active agent according to the invention which is incorporated into a water-soluble film and thus, together with the seeds placed in the film, may be applied to the podium.

The proportion of active substances in the various preparations can be varied within wide limits and can range from 0.01 to 95% by weight · The amount of active substance used to treat the crop for crop control depends on the type of active substance used, on the form of its final . modifications, from the method of application, from the time of application, from ecological factors, from the type of crop and other factors. It ranges from 0.001 to 0.1 kg / ha. At the same time, the active ingredient does not exhibit herbicidal activity and does not act phytotoxically at the application rate.

The active compounds of the invention can be used either alone or in combination with one another.

The following examples illustrate but do not limit the use of the compositions of the present invention to increase crop yield and technological quality.

Example!

Potatoes of the consumption variety LP - 95/12 were planted on plots of 25 m ² . Beginning in July, when the infant height reached 50 cm, the aerial parts of the plants were sprayed with 3- [4-chloro-3-toluyl] -1,1-dimethylurea, adjusted to a wettable powder and dissolved to a 0.25% solution. The individual potato parcels were treated with graduated doses of 29, 40, 60 and 80 g / ha of active ingredient. The tuber yield in t / ha and the tuber starch content in% were evaluated, starch crop in t / ha and compared with the untreated control.

amount applied of the active substance g / ha harvest of tubers t / h starch yield tubers of starch in% w / ha vy adreníe in % inspection 20.0 34.8 11,8 4,16 98.0 40.0 42.0 11.4 4.788 114.0 60.0 44.0 11,0 4,84 115.3 80.0 38.0 11.5 4.37 1 04,4 inspection 36.8 11,4 4,195 1 00.0 Example 2 Soya Plants / Glycine max./ were treated at the developmental stage before flowering after with a trek graduated doses of 3- / 4 - chloro-3-toluene / 1,1,1-dimethylurea which has been converted to readable powder and soluble in water on. 0 05% solution. The experiment was evaluated as being figured out average number of teats, number of seeds and the total seed weight of one plant for each treated with soy whole and obtained values were compared to the untreated control.

effective substance in g / ha count pods on ras 11 inu count seeds on ras 11 inu hmo tnos t seeds in g crop fall- ca per plant % versus control 20 61, 33 116.72 22.32 131 40 61, 40 101.52 20.28 119 80 60.1 7 115.13 22.21 131 1 60 54.42 103.26 20.16 1 1 9 320 46.32 88.42 17.16 1 01 - 48,08 86.77 16.99 1 00

Example 3

Sugar beet plants of the Dobrovická A variety were treated with spray test substances in graduated concentrations after 3 months of sowing. The test substances were made into wettable powders and dissolved in 0.001% solutions. After 4 weeks, the experiment was evaluated by determining the weight of the sugar beet root and determining the sugar content of the pressed juice by refractometry. The total sugar content was calculated from the values obtained and compared to the untreated control.

compound

Batch g / ha root thiaot in g% sugar

Total sugar content in X vs. control

3-phenyl-1-methyl- 6.5 24.9 20.21 1 01 butyl-urea 13.0 29.3 20.93 123 3-phenyl-1,1- 6.5 3 1.87 20,12 129 dimethylurea 13.0 38.82 20.70 1 61 3 / p-brómfeny1 / - 6.5 27.86 20.15 1 13 -1-methyl-1-oethoxyurea- 13.0 30,18 20.22 1 22 guilt 3 / ~ m-Trifluoromethylphenyl 3, 25 33.77 1 9.65 '133 phenyl / -1,1-dimetylmočo- 6.5 27.82 20,30 113 wine 3- / 4-chloro-3-tolyl / - 6.5 35.75 20.25 145 -1,1-d ime tylurea 13.0 41.37 18.65 1 55 3 / p-chlorophenoxy / fe ~ 3.25 3 5.95 1 9.03 137 NY1 / -1,1-dimety1-močo- 6.5 27.76 18.50 1 03 guilt 13.0 25.54 19.92 102 2- / 3-chloro-4-bromo- 6.5 40.6 19.32 157 phenyl / -1,1-dimetylmo- 13.0 3 1,50 20.25 1 28 urea 26.0 31, 3 1 2 0.03 1 26 inspection - 26.0 19.15 100

Example 4

The procedure for testing and evaluating the regulatory effect of the compounds was carried out on sugar beets analogously to Example 3.

compound Dose g / ha weight root in g % sugar Total sugar content in £ versus control 3- / 4-chlorophenyl / -1,1 6.5 42.90 1 9.03 1 54 dimethylurea 13.0 33.97 19.33 1 24 3- (3,4-Dichlorophenyl) - 6.5 3 1, 34 20.32 1 20 -1,1-dimethyl urea 13.0 38.88 20.04. 1 47 3- / 3,4-dichloro-phenyl / ~ 6.5 43.40 18,09 148 1-ethyl-1-butyl-urea 13.0 34.40 18.66 121 3/3-chloro-4-methoxy- 6.5 27.86 20, 1 5 1 06 -pheny1 / -1,1-dime tyImo- 13.0 30,18 20.22 115 and on 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -1- 6.5 34.32  18.32 1 1 9 -me ty1-1-me toxy-urine o - 13.0 3 2.73 21,10 1 13 guilt 3- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -1- 6.5 39.85 19.03 143 -raetyl-1-methoxyurea 13.0 34.35 1 9.67 1 28 3 / benzothiazol-2-yl / - 13.0 33.10 1 9.87 1 22 -1,3-dimethyl urea 26.0 3 6.61 1 9.47 133 inspection 27.65 19.15 100

Claims (1)

A means for improving the crop and the technological quality of agricultural crops such as sugar beet, potatoes and soybeans, characterized in that it contains, as an active ingredient, one or more substituted urea derivatives of the general formula I R - NH - CO - N (1) wherein the substituent, 2 R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, linear or branched, R * is C 1 -C 2 alkyl, methoxy, R 1 is phenyl or substituted by phenyl with chlorine, bromine, fluorine, methoxy, methyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl , p-chlorophenoxy or 2-benzothiazolyl.