CS209405B2 - Method of continuous centrifugal spinning of textile fibres in yarn and appliance for executing the same - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for the continuous centrifugal spinning of textile fibers on a yarn using an open-top rotary spinning chamber coupled to at least one loosened fiber introducing device in which the individual fibers are pulled from the continuously supplied fiber bundle. and formed in the injector-based disintegrating device, the individual fibers being deposited on the inner collecting surface of the rotary spinning chamber as a fiber web, which when shortened from the rotary spinning chamber is shortened to the yarn discharged through the lower central outlet orifice; wound on a spool.

Many methods of continuous spinning fibers on a yarn using a rotary spinning chamber have been proposed, characterized in that shortening the web formed by depositing the spun and more or less parallel arranged fibers on the inner peripheral surface of the spinning and spinning chamber and twisting it on the yarn the spinning chamber and the yarn winding are separated. In fact, on the inner peripheral surface of the spinning chamber, the individual fibers released from a continuous bundle of fibers made of different materials are again gathered and rolled into a continuous strand, which is simultaneously twisted on the yarn by the rotary spinning chamber.

There is known a method of continuous spinning of fibers on a yarn, in which the individual loose fibers of the bundle are conveyed by a jet of vacuum air to the inner peripheral surface of the spinning spinning chamber, where they are gathered in a strand. .

However, this method has many drawbacks, such as high energy consumption, inferior yarn quality, limited spinning speed, due to the features of the mechanisms for said continuous spinning method, a high degree of twisting of the sliver to prevent yarn breakage, and the need for manual introduction of continuous spinning commissioning of the spinning device. Under these circumstances, there are still difficulties in using the prior art continuous spinning process in a practical manufacturing process.

The main purpose of the invention is therefore to provide an improved spinning process and a spinning device that uses air pressure and centrifugal forces to achieve high production speed and stable spinning conditions, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of prior continuous spinning methods.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved spinning method and a spinning device by which yarns of improved quality can be produced at high production speed and stable spinning conditions by controlling the tension and twist of the spun yarns.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary spinning chamber which can be produced with yarns having better properties, nice appearance and better binding.

It is further object of the invention to provide a method of binding the fiber strand fixing · can be produced by ^one yarn of high quality in a wide range of conditions using a simple spinning: mechanism and at low power consumption.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the vacuum air stream is produced by a compressed air jet operating on the principle of an injector, the force of which is controlled according to the spinning conditions, such as increasing the rotational speed of the spinning chamber or yarn number. ^from * Pa and 5,883990.10 ^from 'Pa.

To carry out the method of the invention, the invention is based on a spinning device comprising a rotary spinning chamber, a device for feeding fibers from a supply source to the inner peripheral surface of a rotating spinner and a yarn draw-off device formed by shortening and coiling Inner collecting surface of the rotating spinning collimator.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inserter is fixed in an inclined position with respect to the vertical axis of the rotary spinning chamber, wherein the inlet tube of the inserter for the loose bundle fibers is located at the fiber bundle protrusion from the inserter feed tube; the loose bundle fibers are not located at the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber, and the side tube for supplying compressed air to the feed device is arranged centrally between the two tubes perpendicular to the conveying direction of the feed fiber bundle.

The delivery device is expediently formed by a housing whose narrower supply tube extends into a wider delivery tube where it forms a circular gap and a side tube for supplying compressed air to the delivery device is connected to the housing perpendicular to the common axis of the two tubes.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the insertion device is formed by a narrower supply tube passing into a wider insertion tube which, at its extension, is provided with an oblique pressure tube for supplying compressed air to the insertion device.

Suitably, the insertion tube of the insertion device has a larger diameter over its entire length than that of the supply tube, followed by a further tube extending at an angle of 5 to 30 °.

According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the end of the insertion tube of the insertion device is inserted into a conical guide insert arranged immovably in the upper opening of the rotary spinning chamber coaxially therewith, the mouth of the insertion tube of the insertion device terminating in the side wall of the conical guide insert.

According to another embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention, the rotary spinning chamber fulfills the following condition:

where

R is the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber in cm, U is the feed speed of the fiber bundle from the feed rollers in cm / sec, r is the feed rollers radius in cm, and W is the finished yarn drawoff speed in cm / sec.

According to another embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention, the guiding peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber tapering to the yarn exit from the rotary spinning chamber is provided at the inner surface for shortening and coiling the bundle in the sliver by an expanding annular portion. at least one annular projection integral with the bottom of the rotary spinning chamber.

According to a further embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention, a twist regulator, which is located as close as possible to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber, is fixedly fixed in the hollow shaft on which the rotary spinning chamber is rotatably mounted. The twist regulator is expediently a ring with bevelled inner surfaces for gripping the yarn coming from the rotary spinning chamber.

According to another embodiment, the twist controller is in the form of an insert having a corrugated gap for passing the yarn withdrawn from the rotary spinning chamber.

According to another embodiment, the twist regulator is in the form of a funnel with a tapered insert made of roast material, which is located at the top of the hollow shaft. Suitably, the funnel is formed as a solid body with a central opening for the passage of the yarn withdrawn from the rotary spinning chamber, which is covered at the top by a central opening plate made of roast material.

In the apparatus according to the invention, the device for introducing individual fibers from the supply source into the rotary spinning chamber is very simple due to the combined effect of the rotary spinning keto, intentionally open or unsealed, and the use of compressed air. Therefore, manual operation and maintenance is very simple compared to the prior art.

The device according to the invention allows a more economical method of spinning and the setting of spinning conditions is very easy. It is also important that the air flow for introducing the individual fibers into the rotary spinning chamber of the invention is much stronger than the air flow produced by the fiber spinning chamber, as in the prior art, as a result of x being used. Compressed air, so that the straightened state of the individual fibers in the application of the invention is better than in the prior art, since the individual fibers are pulled by the introduced fiber bundle by a large tensile force generated by a strong jet of compressed air; straightened. The quality of the resulting yarn is better than yarns produced by prior art devices. For this reason, the spinning method of the invention can be reliably applied to synthetic fibers having greater resistance to individual fiber pulling.

It is also important that when spinning coarse or low-twist yarn, it is necessary to reduce the rotational spinning chamber speed in the prior art. However, since compressed air is used according to the invention to create a stream introducing the individual fibers into the rotary spinning chamber, there are no such difficulties in the process according to the invention.

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Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description, examples thereof, taken in conjunction with the drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a spinning device; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the spinning device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a rotary spinning chamber; Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are longitudinal sectional views of several embodiments of the feed device used in the feed device; FIG. 9 is a diagram explaining the relationship of the feed device guide according to the invention and the fiber pulling force of the guide; Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of the main parts of the feed device of the invention in other embodiments; Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional side view of a rotating spinning chamber; Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the spinning chamber shown in Fig. 13; up to 17 front and side views, respectively, of sections in another embodiment of the delivery device; FIGS. 19 to 21 are side cross-sectional views of other embodiments of the spinning chamber used in the spinning apparatus; FIGS. 22 and 23 are drawings of the construction of the twist controller of the process; FIGS. the twisting of the yarn produced by the spinning chamber shown in the previous drawings, respectively explaining its working mechanism, while Fig. 23 explains the change in the thickness of the twisted yarn, Fig. 25 is a side section view of another embodiment of a twist controller connected to the spinning chamber; FIGS. 29 to 32 are side views of the twist regulators of other embodiments, FIGS. 33 and 34 are side views of a spinning chamber according to the invention explaining the drive thereof, FIGS. 35 to 39 side view cuts spinning cell according to the invention, having a different adjustment of the inner surface, Fig. 40 a cross section through the spinning chamber of FIG. 35 along the line M Μ-CBR. Figs. 41 to 43 to illustrate the twisting behavior of the fiber bundle in the spinning chamber of the device; Figs. 44 to 46 are side sectional views of other embodiments of the spinning chamber; Fig. 47 is an enlarged side elevational view of the spinning chamber shown in Fig. 46; 48 is a drawing explaining the spinning chamber behavior of the device according to the invention in the pooling process; FIG. 49 is a diagram explaining the relationship between the amplitude of the yarn thickness change and the spinning conditions of the device according to the invention; FIGS. , •giant. 52 is a spectrogram illustrating the wavelength distribution of the yarn thickness change produced by the method of the invention; FIGS. 53 and 54 of the yarn stretching device made by the spinning method and apparatus of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 show a typical embodiment of a spinning device according to the invention using compressed air and centrifugal forces in which a fiber bundle 2 is fed to a conventional attenuator device from a master spool 1. The attenuator device is of the pendulum arm type, and which is related to a conventional drawing device, is provided with a pendulum arm 4 mounted on the shaft 3, a pipe 5, a pair of rear feed rollers 6, 6 ', a pair of front feed rollers 9, 9' and a pair of spreading members 8, 8 ' mounted on a pair of rocker hinges 7, 7 'disposed between a pair of rear feed rollers 6, 6' and a pair of front feed rollers 9, 9 '. After the fiber strand has been drawn on the drawing device, said fiber bundle 2 is fed directly to the spinning device according to the invention and after its processing is wound into a cross-wound bobbin 21. The spinning device according to the invention is characterized by the continuous feeding of the fiber bundle 2 from the feed tube 10 for conveying the fiber bundle 2 through the air stream, wherein the distributed fibers are individually deposited on the inner surface of the rotary spinning chamber 13, gradually removed from its inner surface and during of the outlets therefrom, so as to form a yarn which is wound into a cross-wound bobbin 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fiber bundle 2 is fed to the feed inlet of the feed tube 10 ', which is guided through the feed device 12, and which is located near the pair of front feed rollers 9, 9'. The compressed air is supplied to the supply pipe 10 'from the duct 11 by the inclined side tube 10a so that it flows in a direction parallel to the passage of the fiber bundle 2 and creates a negative pressure in the introducing tube 10. The inclined side tube 10a is to terminate at a location close to the upper end of the lance 10 at a distance that is less than the average length of the split fibers from the point of compression of the front feed rollers 9, 9 'as will be described later. The vacuum inside the feed tube 10 ', which is created by the injector effect due to the high-velocity injection of compressed air, prevents unwanted adhesion of the fiber bundle 2 to the surface of the front feed rollers 9, 9' due to the suction effect generated by the vacuum supply pipe 10 '. After passing the fiber bundle 2 through the inlet of the feed tube 10 ', the fiber strand 2 is subjected to a stronger pressure air flow in a direction parallel to the fiber bundle 2, thereby generating a force in the direction of the fiber bundle 2 evolution caused by the viscous resistance between the injected air and the fibers of the fiber bundle 2. As a result, the fibers of the fiber bundle 2 are individually separated from the bundle 2 by this force just as they leave instead of pressing the front feed rollers 9, 9 'and are fed to the rotary spinning chamber 13 via the lance 10 by air flow. The outlet portion of the insertion tube 10 is directed to the inner surface of the spinning chamber 13 as shown in FIG. 2.

The rotary spinning chamber 13, which is preferably in the form of a pot, the connected upper and lower side walls of which preferably form an oblique angle to each other, is rotatably mounted on a vertical hollow tubular shaft or hub 16, FIG. As already described, the loose fibers are thrown onto the inner wall of the rotary spinning chamber 13, gradually deposited on it by centrifugal force and rotated with it at high peripheral speed and adhered to its wall. The loose fibers thus deposited on the inner wall of the spinning chamber 13 are progressively displaced into the annular connecting section between the upper and lower side walls of the spinning chamber, so that they are folded into a fiber bundle and then twisted into a fully spun yarn 17 the cross-wound spool 21 by means of a pair of take-off rollers 18, 18 '.

In the spinning device according to the invention, the discharged fiber introducing device 12 and the spinning chamber 13 are arranged independently of each other so as to prevent interference with their functions.

This is one of the great advantages of the spinning system of the invention. In the inserter 12 according to the invention, the fiber bundle is conveyed by compressed air in a completely relaxed state without damaging the individual fibers contained in the fiber bundle 2, and furthermore exerting a combined effect on the outlet portion of the introducing tube 10 to achieve better fiber orientation. This is another great advantage of the spinning system of the invention. While advantages could be expected in the case of cotton fibers due to the small staple length, cohesiveness and high-Young modulus, it has been difficult to expect to achieve such advantages in the case of synthetic fibers or synthetic fibers with an admixture of natural fibers. However, in the case of the spinning system according to the invention, such synthetic fibers or mixtures of synthetic fibers with natural fibers can also be easily processed by simply modifying the mechanical elements constituting the spinning device or by slightly adjusting the air pressure. Furthermore, it is still possible to vary the shape and speed of rotation of the spinning chamber 13 according to practical manufacturing requirements or the characteristics of the yarn produced, provided that the ability to deposit loose fibers on the inner surface of the spinning chamber 13 can be maintained.

Figure 3 shows the curvature of the mechanisimus of the invention. After the fiber bundle 2 has passed through the attenuator, it is fed into the supply tube 10 and results in a high velocity air stream, thereby releasing the fiber bundle 2 into individual fibers. The fiber bundle 2 thus released,

2 (19403 freely floating in the air stream) is fed into the rotary spinning chamber 13 by the introduction tube 10 and deposited on the inner peripheral wall by the surface 13a of the rotary spinning chamber 13 under centrifugal force and air flow. and on the inner peripheral surface 13a of the spinning chamber 13 and discharged from the spinning chamber 13 through an outlet 13c provided at the lower portion 13b of the spinning chamber 13 so as to twist into the yarn rotation of the spinning chamber 13, the yarn being wound into a crosswound bobbin 21. the fibers are merely stacked while adhering to the inner peripheral surface 13a of the spinning chamber 13. However, they are gathered and twisted during their removal from the fiber layer 2a '2b and led to the outlet 13c while touching the lower portion 13b of the spinning chamber. The spinning mechanism described is completely different from the conventional d In these conventional spinning systems, one end of the fiber strand is held stationary, while the other end is rotationally rotated relative to the longitudinal direction of the fiber strand.

In the spinning apparatus according to the invention, the fiber bundle 2 is released into individual fibers during its pneumatic conveyance by the feeding device; associated with a fiber supply source. The area of pneumatic fiber introduction is formed between the fiber supply source and the feed tube 19 so that the length of this region does not exceed the average length of the fibers being fed. A stream of such air is introduced into the feed region in the direction of the passage of the released fibers so as to create a suction effect on the fiber bundle 2 coming from the supply source.

Referring to FIG. 4, the fiber bundle 2 is fed continuously to the feed device 12 by a pair of front feed rollers 9, 9 ', which in the following will generally be referred to as; fiber source. Input supply pipe 10 'for ^one implementation of the fibers is arranged in the vicinity of contact points between the two front feeding VA * Leck 9, 9' and the second end of the feed tube 10 'terminates in an outlet portion of the feed · device 12, composed from a casing 28 with a slight peripheral play in the form of annular gaps 27. The housing 28 is connected to a pressure source; air pipe 10a. In the above-described mechanism, a vacuum is generated in the supply pipe 10 'due to the injector effect of the flow of the supplied compressed air flowing; high speed, so that the suction effect produced in the feed tube 10 'acts on the supplied fiber bundle 2 to introduce it into the fiber release zone 29. Said pneumatic fiber feed area therefore corresponds to the area located between the pressing point of the two front feed rollers 9, 9 'and the fiber release band 29. The length of the pneumatic fiber feed zone described above, indicated by L in the drawing, should not exceed the average length of the fiber feed.

Nozzle for pressure supply; The air duct is formed as a combination of the end portion of the feed tube 10 ' and the outlet portion of the air box 28 so as to introduce high pressure compressed air into the fiber release zone 29 through the circular gap 27 between the outlet opening of the air box 28 and the lower end of the feed tube 10 ' The air stream acting on the fiber bundle 2 coming from the inlet tube 10 'produces a considerable suction effect on the individual fibers of the fiber bundle 2 due to the viscous resistance between the air stream and between the fibers. As a result, the individual fibers are pulled out of the fiber bundle 2 in a separate condition and pneumatically conveyed through the lance 10. In order to obtain a high-quality yarn, it is necessary that the pneumatic transport of the separated fibers takes place under the same conditions. Therefore; thus, it is necessary to prevent the individual fibers from floating freely within the fiber bundle 2 passing through the feed tube 10 ', or in other words, to withdraw the individual fibers from the fiber bundle 2 by suction as soon as they are released by the front feed rollers 9, 9'. The pressure of the supplied air must be adjusted so that the pulling force caused by the suction effect is sufficiently high to overcome the cohesive force between the individual fibers forming the fiber bundle 2, the fibers of the above-described pneumatic fiber feeding zone 4 having to be less than the average fibers. Compressed air is used in this embodiment, but the same result can be achieved by using other fluids, such as water.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of a feed device 12 according to the invention in which compressed air is supplied to the device in a manner other than that shown in FIG. 4. In this device, the mechanism of which is simpler than that of the device of FIG. 4, almost the same results can be achieved. Herein, the dispensing device 12 is formed by a narrower feed tube 10 'joined in one piece to a wider feed tube 10, where an inclined side tube 10a opens at their connection point.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention according to which high-quality yarns can be produced, showing less irregularity, whatever the embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Examples

Example 1

Example 2

Ingredients made yarn Mixture: 65% polyester fibers 35% cotton fibers 100% polyester fiber Number · produced yarn according to English numbering 30 20 May Speed spinning kcimory 46,000 rpm 27,000 rpm Fiber feeding speed 45 m / min 38 m / min Pneumatic supply pressure 1,961330.10 ⁴ Pa 2,4516655. 10 ⁴ Pa

air

In the feed device described above, the following conditions must be met in order to achieve the desired fiber separation during transport and to produce a yarn having a better uniformity:

The tensile force caused by the compressed air supplied must be large enough to overcome the cohesion between the fibers forming the fiber bundle in order to achieve the desired extraction of the individual fibers from the fiber bundle.

2) the fiber transport speed from the feed device must be less than the peripheral velocity of the inner surface of the rotating spinning chamber so that the individual fibers can be bundled and twisted as the fiber feed rate decreases.

3] bending of individual fibers and their tangling by turbulent air flow must be effectively prevented.

The results of the experimental tests performed on the feed devices are shown in Figures 6 to 9. Figures 6 to 8 show the fiber passage in the feed device and Figure 9 shows the relationship between the type of fiber passage and the pulling force acting on the fiber bundle.

In Fig. 6, the lead-in end of the feed tube 10 'is located in the lead-in tube 10 provided with a uniform diameter, so that the injector effect of the high-velocity jet-stream of the supplied compressed air can be achieved.

In FIG. 7, the lead-in end of the feed tube 10 'is provided with an outer funnel profile' and introduced into the funnel-shaped section of the feed tube 10 with a uniform gap, the lead-in portion of the feed tube 10 'having the same inner diameter as the diameter of the lower portion of the funnel section. shown in the drawing. In this case, a slightly higher injection effect of the high speed compressed air stream is obtained than that shown in the embodiment of Fig. 6, but some eddy currents may occur in the lead-in section of the lance.

In FIG. 8, the feed tube 10 ' comprises a funnel section into which the insertion end section of the insertion tube 10 is introduced in the same manner as shown in FIG. 7, and the intermediate conduit section has a uniform diameter and the insertion section diverges outwards. In this case, a similar injector effect of the flow of high pressure compressed air can be achieved as in Fig. 7. In the case shown in Fig. 8, the air velocity in the feed tube 10 'at the insertion section is reduced, thereby avoiding tangling of the released fibers and forming hooks on these fibers.

Compressed air at a pressure of 2.4516655.10 ⁴ Pa is fed to the delivery device in each case.

In Fig. 9, the ordinate represents the pulling force of the fibers measured at different positions of the feed tube 10 ', while the line represents the positions for measuring the pulling force of the fiber represented by the distance from the lower end section of the feed tube 10'. tubes 10 '. The negative range of distances corresponds to the inner part of the feed tube 10 ', while the positive range of distances corresponds to the inner part of the fiber separation zone, i.e. the fiber bundle fiberizing zone. It will be understood that the passage of the fibers shown in FIG. 8, with the respective fiber separation zone shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, can effectively meet the above requirements.

As shown in FIG. 9, the tensile force on the fibers in the supplied fiber bundle 2 is at -15 mm, the largest in the case of curve C, as shown in FIG. 8. The higher the tensile force, the stronger the sucking on the bundle of fibers supplied by the front feed rollers of the attenuator to the feed tube 10 '. By utilizing the fiber passage of FIG. 8, the fibers can be adversely dispersed around the inlet end of the feed tube 10 '. Further, in the case of splitting the fiber bundle, the transfer of the end of the fiber bundle 2 from the pneumatic cleaner (not shown) to the delivery tube 10 'can be carried out with less difficulty.

Curve C further illustrates a sudden increase in the range of 0 to 5 mm, which means that the pulling force on the fibers in the fiber bundle 2 reaches the maximum value when the fiber bundle 2 is released from the pressing of the draw rollers 9, 9 '. The fibers in the fiber bundle 2 can thus be withdrawn sequentially in an orderly and uniform state. Further, the fibers may be transferred through the feed device and collected on the inner peripheral surface 13a of the spinning chamber 13 in an oriented and flat state. In addition, no increase in tensile force was observed in the region beyond 10 mm. As already described, the fibers in the fiber bundle 2 are already brought to a fully relaxed state in the range of 0 to 5 mm and no further pulling force is required. In this type of rotary spinning chamber 13, the effect of combing on the fibers due to the difference between the peripheral speed of the peripheral surface 13a of the rotary spinning chamber 13 and the speed of rotation of the fiber mass within this chamber is greater. on the inner surface 13a. Therefore, the use of the fiber transfer shown in FIG. 8 is relatively advantageous.

In the embodiment shown in c-br. 10 and 11, the length of the feed tube 19 'is adjusted to be shorter than the average length of the filaments to be fed. The straight portion 35 of the lance 10, the inner diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the exit portion 33 of the lance 10 'and whose length is indicated by L', is provided in the fiber separation zone. The lower end of the straight portion of the feed tube 10 'adjoins the lower portion of the feed tube 10, which extends downwardly at an angle Θ. In the described mechanism, compressed air is discharged into the fiber separation zone through a narrow passage 38 of the side tube 10a, continuously around the fibers during its passage through the fiber separation zone in a direction parallel to the fiber passage up to the point where the fibers are drawn towards the exit portion 36 of the lance 10, the fibers passing through the widening portion 37 of the lance 10 to meet the above requirements.

As already described, the high velocity of the compressed-air stream conveying the released fibers as they pass from the fiber separation zone to the fiber twisting zone, which can be effectively effected by entering the separation zone The effect of reducing the high velocity of the compressed air flow is positioned by the flaring portion 37 of the lance. As the carrier of the fibers, it is possible to cause them to bend and tangle in the air stream as a result of disruption thereof, resulting in inferior quality of the produced yarn.

This unfavorable effect of reducing the flow velocity can be effectively eliminated by adjusting the expanding portion 37 of the lance 10 in the fiber separation zone, thereby expanding the compressed air in the pneumatic filament carrier in the expanding portion 37, and thereby increasing the gaps between the individual loosened fibers during fiber transport. The extension angle Θ of the lance 10 must be dimensioned in such a way that the above-mentioned requirements are fulfilled, namely to ensure: the ability to separate the fibers by the pulling force produced by the pressurized feed. and the degree of orientation of the fibers within the stream, which are three important factors in determining the cone widening 37 of the lance M. The length of the straight portion 35, which is designated L · '. is preferably one third of the length of the filaments to be fed, e.g. 9, the length L is 13 mm, while the fiber length is 38 µm.

As a result of the photographic observations made on the effects of drawing and transporting the fibers during the manufacturing process, it has been found that the above-described cone-angle of the tube is preferably in the range of 5 ° to 30 °.

The table below gives an example of the conditions for the advantageous spinning of yarn. 30 (English system of 100% polyester staple fibers).

Example

Feed 100% polyester fiber staple 1.5 d x 38 mm material: (shear length

Number-manufactured yarn: 30 (English numbering)

Feed speed through front feed rollers: 55 m / min

Spinning chamber speed: 30,000 rpm

Compressed air pressure 2,941995.10 '* Pa

Compressed air flow rate 20 l / m-in

Diameter of inlet opening to fiber separation zone: 3.4 mim

Insertion tube taper angle: 20 °

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of a delivery device according to the invention. In this embodiment, the feed tube 10 'converges downwards. A plurality of air intake ports 39, 40 and 41 are provided within the aforementioned zones so that air is also supplied to the advancing fibers of the material in several stages. This embodiment is also provided with air outlets 42 formed in the wall of the lance 209405 in the end section of the fiber separation zone.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 13 and 14, the lance 10 is provided with a cylindrical guide member 44. By the side 45 of the cylindrical guide member 44 the loose fibers are guided together with the air flow against the inner wall of the rotary spinning chamber 13. controls the direction of the flow of air and fibers coming from it.

A further embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 15, wherein the webs 47 and 47 'are fed to independent attenuators comprising members 48, 49, 50 and 48', 49 'and 50'. Upon delivery from the attenuator by the respective front feed rollers 9, 9 ', the oriented fiber bundle 2, 2a is sucked in the respective feed devices 12 and 12a, which are located close to the respective front feed rollers 9, 9a. Through the feed means 12 and 12s, the fibers in the fiber bundle 2, 2a are brought to a relaxed state and transported further. The outlet ends of the feed devices 12 and 12a face the inner surface of the single rotary spinning chamber 13 in such a way that both directions meet at the same wall point as shown in the drawing.

¹ Thus the two flows meet each other fibers immediately after emerging from the respective delivery systems 12, 12a and suitably deposited on the inner wall of the rotary spinning chamber 13 by the high centrifugal force caused by fast rotation of the rotary Velim spinning chamber 13. Then, the fibers are deposited on the inner wall rotary spinning chamber 13 is gradually separated from it, is again collected into a fiber bundle and suitably twist while the spinning chamber 13 park their axis direction in the form of a twisted yarn 54 of the cylindrical line ¹ 53rd

Another alternative embodiment of the feed device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 16, according to which the mechanical construction of the attenuator and the feed device is almost the same as the embodiment shown in Fig. 15 except that the outlet ends of the respective feed devices 12, 12a are directed to the inner wall of the rotary spinning chamber 13 at different points. The advantages of this embodiment over the previous embodiment are that the disruption of the fiber-carrying air stream around the exit section of the feed devices 12, 12a is effectively prevented and that uniform quality of the spun yarn can be ensured by this effective removal of air turbulence.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, the main mechanical structure is nearly the same as in FIGS. 15 and 16, except that two independent feed devices are combined with each other into a single unit 12. Upon exiting the spinning chamber, the spun yarn 54 is wound into a package 58 a pair of receiving rollers 57.

The spinning chamber mechanism of the present invention and its functional characteristics will now be described.

An important factor for achieving satisfactory yarn quality and stable spinning conditions in a ripping and twisting process, comprising continuously supplying a sliver of fiber from a supply source to a rotating spinning chamber through a pressurized air stream, is raking the supplied loose fibers on the inner peripheral wall of the spinning chamber. continuous removal of the conjugated fibers from the inner wall of the spinning coil and the yarn removal, twisted by the action of the spinning spinning chamber, through an opening in the central straight or lower portion of the spinning spinning chamber during removal of the fiber bundle from the inner spinning wall; supplying a sliver of fibers with a fluid stream, means for gathering the delivered loose fibers on an inner peripheral wall of a rotating spinning chamber and Formulation for twisting the fiber bundle.

Several attempts have been made to use a rotating spinning chamber as a fiber gatherer and a fiber bundle twist, but a practical method has not yet been found and a spinning apparatus according to the above method has been designed for poor yarn quality and machine malfunction.

The rotary spinning chamber 13 of the device according to the invention exhibits markedly different functional characteristics compared to conventional spinning chambers in that it is simple in construction with an easy-to-operate drive and produces yarn of excellent quality that does not match the yarn produced in a conventional manner.

The above-mentioned properties of the spinning chamber according to the invention therefore constitute the basis for the use of the spinning process, in which compressed air and centrifugal force are practically used.

The rotary spinning chamber of the invention has the following elements: a precisely defined inner wall or surface of a certain size for receiving fibers supplied by the air stream, a collecting inner surface, a lower or conveying surface for guiding a bundle of fibers removed from the collecting surface; spinning chambers.

The spinning chamber surface for receiving loose fibers is defined as a rotating surface for driving the adhering fibers together with the spinning chamber and for introducing the adhering fibers towards the spinning chamber collection surface in a continuous sequence due to the centrifugal force generated by the high spinning speed of the spinning chamber.

Therefore, the surface of the fiber storage spinning chamber is limited only by the outlet end of the feed tube of the feed device.

The collecting surface of the spinning chamber means the zone of the inner surface of the spinning chamber, where the fibers entrained by the air flow «end are summed into a stationary shrinkage -” at the collecting surface of the rotor can be quantitatively delineated as follows: The chamber is twice the actual thickness of the fibers gathered on the same inner surface, called the zone where the fibers are stationarily gathered in the spinning chamber, by the collecting surface of the spinning chamber.

This collecting surface coincides with an annular boundary surface formed between the upper inner surface and the lower inner surface of the spinning chamber, so that the collecting surface in the spinning chamber has the largest diameter.

The surface of the rotary path of the twisted yarn is called the yarn guide surface of the rotating spinning chamber when the twisting of the yarn from stationary spinning conditions during removal of the fiber-like yarn from the aforementioned spinning chamber collection surface. Generally, the surface of the yarn spinning chamber matches the shape of its straight section, but in some cases the fiber strand does not touch some parts of the fiber guide surface, so that the path of the fiber strand or twisted yarn creates a spatial curve.

In the following, the detailed mechanism of several embodiments of the spinning chamber of the spinning device according to the invention is explained.

Referring to FIG. 18, a fiber bundle 2 'comprised of multiple staple fibers is continuously fed by means of front feed rollers 9, 9' at a constant speed to a feed device 12 provided with a side tube 10a for forced suction of the supplied fiber bundle 2 '. under the effect of a compressed air stream which loosens the fibers of the fiber bundle 2 'drawn into the feed tube 10 of the feed device 12 during their transport and then an air stream conveying the discrete fibers is blown onto the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber 13. 18, the region of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning chamber 13, referred to as region A, the deposition surface for depositing the fibers conveyed by the lance 10, the region indicated by B, forms the collecting surface, and the region indicated by C forms the guide surface. Therefore, the outlet 63 of the lead-in tube 10 extends against the fiber storage surface A of the spinning chamber 13.

The fibers deposited on the fiber storage surface A rotate together with the rotating air flow in the spinning chamber 13 and adhere to the fiber storage surface A under the effect of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the spinning chamber 13.

According to the invention, the diameter of the fiber storage surface A is smaller than the diameter of the maximum diametral portion of the spinning chamber 13, and the fiber storage surface A conically widens downward at an angle α as shown in the drawing.

Therefore, the fibers adhering to the depositing surface A are moved towards the collecting surface B of the largest diameter of the spinning chamber 13 by the centrifugal force. It is a prerequisite that the friction resistance between the fibers and the fiber storage surface A is much less than the component of the centrifugal force acting along the surface of the folded fibers on the fiber storage surface A, thereby ensuring a smooth displacement of the fibers from the storage surface A for storing the fibers to the collecting surface B of the spinning chamber 13. The fiber strand thus gathered on the collecting surface B corresponding to the largest diameter portions of the spinning chamber 13 is gradually removed from the collecting surface B and the fiber strand already in the yarn shape 65 is pulled out by hollow charge 64 located on the lower central portion of the spinning chamber 13, thereby causing the yarn to twist as a result of its rotation. In order for the yarn to have an advantageous twist structure and to prevent the formation of a "balloon" on the yarn in the spinning chamber 13 due to its high speed, it is necessary to provide a guide surface C to control the yarn path as it rolls on the guide surface C. The fiber collecting surface B and the fiber guiding surface C of the spinning chamber 13 according to the invention are arranged such that the fiber collecting surface B is positioned between the two surfaces A and C, respectively. it is then tightened by a pair of pulling rollers 66, 66 ', and then wound into a bobbin by means of a suitable winding device, whereby the spinning ends.

Figures 19 to 21 show other embodiments of the spinning chamber according to the invention. As can be clearly seen from the drawing, the conical fiber depositing surface A and the collecting surface B have different apex angles, said apex angle of the conical fiber receiving surface being smaller than the angle of the collecting surface B, and therefore a distinct edge 67 is formed. at the connection of both surfaces.

Fig. 19 shows a fiber storage surface A which is a single conical surface extending downwardly, while Fig. 20 shows a staggered fiber storage surface A composed of several narrower conical bands of different diameters.

By using a rotary spinning chamber of the above construction, fiber storage and raking can be accomplished in more uniform and stable conditions and, in addition, the transfer of the fiber strand adhering to the fiber loading surface A to the collecting surface B can be easily adjusted fibers, and its dwell time.

The spinning chamber 13 shown in FIG. 21 is provided with small holes 68 on the fiber storage surface A. These small apertures 68 reduce the adhesion time of the fibers conveyed from the feed device compared to the embodiments of Figs. 19 and 20. And further, if the peripheral speed of the fiber storage area A of the spinning chamber 13 is adjusted to be greater than the velocity of the air stream containing the loose fibers coming from the exit of the feed device 12 is achieved by the fibers adhering to the fiber storage surface A being straightened, and by arranging them together on the circular fiber storage surface A of the spinning chamber 13 will improve.

In order to better understand the operation of several embodiments of the spinning chamber of the invention, some of the major problems of the twisting mechanism of the invention are discussed below.

In Fig. 22, a schematic diagram of the twisting mechanism, the loose fibrous material 2 'conveyed by the air stream is fed to the rotating spinning chamber 13 through the introduction tube 10 and the fibers formed adhere to the inner fiber receiving surface 13a of the spinning chamber 13. due to the flow of air and the centrifugal force generated by the high speed spinning chamber 13. When the auxiliary yarn 71 is introduced into the spinning chamber 13 through the lower opening 13 ', the end of the auxiliary yarn 71 is twisted towards the inner surface 13a and the spinning chamber 13 acting on the end portion of the auxiliary yarn 71 and comes into contact with the portion 70 of the spinning chamber 13 of maximum diameter which forms the collecting surface. The aforementioned phenomenon of the auxiliary yarn 71 can be considered to be the same as in the gathering of fibers on the collecting surface. Once the auxiliary yarn 71 comes into contact with the fiber strand gathered on the collecting surface of the spinning chamber 13, the twisting caused by its rotation is transmitted to the auxiliary yarn 71 as the auxiliary yarn 71 circulates at almost the same rotational speed. Once the end portion of the auxiliary yarn 71 collects the fibers collected in the region adjacent the portion 70 of the maximum diameter of the spinning chamber 13, the yarn being drawn without jerking movements by the pair of pulling rollers 66, 66 ', the formed yarn is twisted. the spinning chamber 13 is collected by the front end of the yarn being formed.

In the aforementioned yarn forming mechanism, the yarn twist distribution is based on the fiber picking point summarized on the collecting surface corresponding to the portion 70 of the maximum diameter spinning chamber 13 and between the take-off rollers 66 and 66 ‘. If the twist controller 72 is not used, the yarn twist distribution is shown by the distribution curve in FIG. 23. This means that in this case the twisting effect is not transmitted to the bundled fibers at the sensing point on the collecting surface of the spinning chamber 13; the aforementioned twist distribution is illustrated by the imaginary curve C in Fig. 23, where the twisting effect is transmitted to a location close to the sensing point.

The twisting method is already apparent from FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, the fibers conveyed by the introducing tube 10 are gathered on the peripheral surface 13a for storing the fibers of the spinning chamber 13a, the fiber strand 2d removed from the inner peripheral surface 13a of the rotating spinning chamber of the direction ω as indicated in the drawing, which means that the fiber strand 2d is twisted in the ω direction.

Thus, FIG. 3 shows the yarn twist in the yarn production, between the scanning point 2b on the maximum diameter portion of the spinning chamber 13 where the collecting surface is provided and the yarn removal point 13c, which means that the fiber strand at the scanning point 2b therefore, it is not sufficiently twisted and satisfies the transmission of the twisting effect to the fiber bundle thus terminating at 2c near the sensing point 2b.

Therefore, if the yarn withdrawal speed from the spinning chamber increases when the fiber bundle is insufficiently twisted before making the final yarn shape, said insufficient twist leads to yarn breakages during spinning. In order to prevent yarn breakages during spinning, it is necessary to excessively increase the number of twists of the yarn, especially in the case of an increase in the spinning speed.

The above-mentioned defect can be eliminated to a sufficient extent by the yarn manufacturing process of the device according to the invention, and therefore the spinning speed can be increased without an increased risk of yarn tearing.

An improvement of this embodiment of the spinning chamber according to the invention is shown in Fig. 22, wherein the spinning chamber 13 has a hollow shaft 73 on which it is rotatably supported and in which the twist regulator 72 is fixed, fixed in the hollow shaft 73 so that the auxiliary yarn 71 is still in contact with the twist controller 72 as it passes through the twist controller 72. Further, it is a prerequisite that the twist regulator 72 does not interfere with the free movement of the auxiliary yarn 71 as it passes through the regulator, but to control the transfer of the twists from one side of the twist regulator 72 to the other side.

The twist regulator 72, which preferably consists of a fiber grip ring, is made of a resilient material such as natural rubber, silicone rubber, polyure21.

203405 than rubber and some resilient synthetic resin products, and to increase the twist density of the auxiliary yarn 71 between the fiber sliver removal location on the rotor collection surface 13 and the lower opening 13 'for the yarn exit from the spinning chamber 13 is preferred. A flexible material with a hardness of 60 to 95 ° (according to Japanese industry standards). However, a twist regulator made of an inelastic material may also be used without reducing the effect of the device according to the invention.

In Fig. 24, the curve B of the case corresponds to the twist controller similar to that of Fig. 23, while the curve A corresponds to the case without such a twist controller.

As is known, most of the yarn thickness irregularities produced by the roller drawing device usually have a pitch greater than twice the length of the fibers. In the case of a device according to the invention where c, a spontaneous satellite effect can be expected, the formation of irregularities with a relatively smaller pitch can be successfully avoided. It is also known that when inserting twists into. yarn, a relatively larger number of twists are introduced into a section of relatively smaller thickness and a relatively smaller number of twists are introduced into the yarn. a section of relatively greater thickness.

In accordance with the above known facts, the twist regulator according to the invention operates as follows:

As shown in FIG. 23, the pitch of most of the unevenness of the yarn produced according to the invention is greater than the distance P between the fiber collection position 70 and the twist controller 72. Assuming that the yarn with the irregularities shown in Fig. 23 is manufactured and that the twist controller 72 performs effective control, the actual length distribution of the number of twists inserted into the yarn is shown by curve B in Fig. 24, while curve A illustrates the case in which no twist regulator is used. Spread the number of twists of yarn twist ^! The zone, which is the distance P, corresponds to the yarn thickness distribution shown in FIG. 23, but does not depend on the thickness itself. After. For example, as shown in FIG. 24, as shown in FIG. 24, the twist band distribution pattern tends to be opposite to the yarn thickness between the twist controller 72 and the pair of take-off rollers S5 and 66 ' the number of twists inserted into the yarn according to the invention at a position where the fiber bundle separates from the inner wall of the spinning chamber 13, substantially equal to the specified number of twists to be given to the yarn, thereby effectively preventing yarn breakages due to the above a twist that causes an increase in twist between the section 70 of the spinning chamber 13 having a maximum diameter and between the twist regulator 72.

With respect to the preferred position of the regulator 72, it is preferable to position the regulator as close as possible to the point of removal of the sliver from the collecting surface of the spinning chamber 13.

Another embodiment of the spinning chamber 13 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 25. The spinning chamber 13 is rotatably mounted in bearings 76 on a hollow shaft 75 which is mounted in the machine frame 81. The hub of the spinning chamber 13, which projects downwardly therefrom, is still wrapped around the drive belt 83. The top of the spinning chamber 13 is open to receive the lower end of the feed tube 13 of the feed device 12 of the invention; the air from the lance 10 is easily discharged through the open end of the spinning chamber 13, which prevents air flow disturbances in the chamber. The yarn twisted by the spinning chamber 13 is withdrawn from this chamber by an axial bore in the hollow shaft 75. At one end of the hollow shaft 75 is provided a twist regulator in the form of a flexible insert 79 with a corrugated gap for passing the yarn to the spinning chamber 13.

26 and 27 show other embodiments of the twist controller. The twist controller is in the form of a funnel 85 mounted in the machine frame. The funnel 85 is provided with a conical insert. 86, made of a resilient material and disposed at the top of the hollow shaft 73. This results in a controlled twisting action similar to that of the preceding embodiment of FIG. 25. 27, the funnel 85 is formed as. a solid body with a central opening for the passage of the yarn withdrawn from the rotary spinning chamber 13, which is covered at the top by a central opening plate 86a made of a resilient material.

28 to 32 show other embodiments of the twist controller. In these types of spinning chamber 13, the twist regulator is located at the upper end of the hollow shaft 73, which is mounted in the machine frame and serves to rotatably support the spinning chamber 13. The twist regulator is in contact with the yarn guiding peripheral surface. In order to achieve stable twist control conditions, the inner surface of the yarn contacting member is roughened. Thus, as shown in FIG. 28, the twist controller 87 is provided with a funnel-shaped portion with a roughened inner surface and adapted to pass the yarn through the path L, the yarn 71 being slid by friction due to the roughened surface while the yarn advances forward to the hollow shaft 73 the yarn is given a stable twist as it rotates around its ace when the spinning chamber 13 is rotated.

The table below shows the effect of the twist regulator indicating the spinning tension of the yarn and the spinning conditions.

209405 23 24 Spinning conditions Roughness of the inner surface of the spinning perpendicular Yarn tension in g 50 to 70 x 10 “ ^li in H _gr 25.0 good 90 to 120 x 10 ^(also in H _gr 27.6 exquisite 130 to 150 x 10 ~ ° in H _gr 36.7 somewhat unstable without roughened surface spinning is not possible

For comparison:

twist regulator, made of urethane rubber (hardness according to Japanese Industrial 43.5 Good Standard 85), attached to the gaming end of the hollow shaft 73

The spinning tension of the yarn 71 was measured per passage between the twist controller and the draw-off device. rollers 66, 66 ’. The passage is indicated by Y in FIG. 28. The measurements were performed at a spindle speed of 30,000 rpm, i.e. at a spinning speed of 40 to 55 m / m-in.

Another embodiment of the twist controller 87 shown in FIG. 29 is provided with a combination of two different surfaces of different angles of convergence, and therefore the yarn can be subjected to strong friction at three points a, b and c formed on the inner surface of the twist controller 87. Other types of funnel twist regulator, such as with a plurality of stepped belts, serrated peripheral grooves 83 and a convex inner surface 83 'are shown in the respective Figures 30, 31, 32.

FIG. 33 illustrates another embodiment of a twist regulator consisting of a hollow tube 88 that is rotatably supported on a cylindrical bracket mounted within a machine frame. Also the spinning chamber 13 is rotatably mounted on a cylindrical holder. The hollow tube 88 is arranged on the cylindrical bracket such that the upper end portion of the hollow tube 88 is positioned at the opening 13 'as shown in the drawing when the spinning chamber 13' is driven by the drive belt 80 and the yarn 71 is pulled through the opening. 13 ', the yarn 71 comes into contact with the inner surface of the hollow tube 88, said hollow tube 88 being rotated negatively in the same direction of rotation as the spinning coil 13' by the frictional force between the yarn and the hollow tube 88.

Thus, the desired twist control can be achieved. Furthermore, it is also very easy to control the rotation of the hollow tube 88 using certain control means such as an electromagnet or the like.

Fig. 34 shows another embodiment of the twist controller. It consists of a hollow tube 96 which is rotatably supported on a holder 93 in the bearing 95, while the spinning chamber 13 is also supported on a holder 93 in the bearing 94, such that the upper end portion of the hollow tube 96 passes through the shaft holder of the spinning chamber 13. which is driven by the belt 80 and the hollow twist tube 96 is driven by the belt 92. Therefore, the twist regulator tube 96 can be forced to drive without any dependence on the spinning chamber 13. The twist regulator can rotate positively either in a non-clockwise direction. to temporarily twist the yarn disposed in the spinning chamber 13 and in the hollow tube 96. Above the shaded action of the elements, the twist regulator 96 rotates in the opposite direction of rotation than the spinning chamber 13 or the hollow twist tube 96 can rotate in the same sense of rotation as the spinning chamber 13, but it is its speed of rotation is very slow compared to that of the spinning chamber 13.

As mentioned above, the speed and direction of rotation of the hollow tube 96 of the twist controller can be appropriately selected to achieve the desired twist control effect. In order to achieve a more effective false twist through the hollow tube 96, the spinning chambers 13 in the embodiment of FIG. 34 can be used so that the yarn 71 floats above the inner surface of the spinning chamber 13 and the yarn 71 contacts the upper end of the hollow tube 96. In the above embodiment, the shape of the hollow tube 96 is very simple, but modified hollow tubes 96 may be used for the zigzag yarn passage or the yarn coated tubes for the passage of yarn, etc., to increase the frictional force resulting from contact of the yarn 71 with the hollow tube 96. With the spinning chamber 13, the twist regulator tube 96 is withdrawn by the take-off rollers 66 and 66 'under steady-state conditions, after which it is then wound onto a bobbin by conventional winding devices.

In FIGS. 35, 40, the spinning chamber 13 is provided in a known manner with a low ring-shaped protrusion 101 with a plurality of side openings 102 that extend through the protrusion portion 101 in a radial direction. In this embodiment, the strand of fibers passing through the projection portion 101 is pressed against said portion 101 by a greater force generated by the air flow passing through the apertures 102. An example of the arrangement of the apertures 102 or their aperture is shown in Fig. 40 where the spinning chamber 13 rotates The arrow and the angle of alignment of the two adjacent holes are given by a constant value of β so as to increase the contact force in the direction of the projection portion 101.

In order to further increase the effect of the projection portion 101 on the twist control, a groove 103 having a semicircular cross-section, as shown in FIG. 36, is provided at the location at which the apertures 102 are located. a modified embodiment in which the shape of its inner surface is altered to increase the length of the openings 102. In any case, the yarn 71 needs to be in close contact with the inner guide surface of the spinning chamber 13 in order to control the transmission of the twisting effect if selected shape of spinning chamber 13.

In the above embodiments, the protrusion portion 101 provided on the inner surface of the spinning chamber 13 exerts a certain pressure effect on the yarn, thereby providing a suitable transmission of twisting to the fiber sliving point 7S in which the spinning chamber 13 has a maximum diameter due to friction. This means that the tension of the yarn 71 from the yarn contact point to the projection portion 101 can be controlled, and that the twist density of the sliver between the sliver removal point at the portion 70 of the maximum spinning chamber diameter 13 can be greatly increased. and the projection portion 101, whereby the spinning speed of the yarn can be greatly increased.

Preferred shapes and locations of the protrusion portion are shown in FIGS. 38 and 39. In these embodiments, the yarn 71 contacts the inner wall between the maximum diameter spinning chamber portion 70 and the protrusion portion 100.

Referring to Figs. 30, 37, 38 and 39, it will be appreciated that at least one group of apertures 104 provided at a location adjacent to the protrusion portion 100 enhances the twist control efficiency through the protrusion portion 100. This additional effect is further explained in the plan views shown in Figs. 41 to 43. In FIG. 41, the yarn track 71 is given by an imaginary line f, a dashed line that extends from the opening 13 'to a portion 70 of the maximum diameter of the spinning chamber 13 which is not provided with any projection portion. In this case, the spinning conditions are not stable. In contrast, the spinning chamber 13 is provided with the aforementioned protrusion portion 100 and air discharge openings 104, the yarn 71 twisting in the direction of rotation of the spinning chamber 13 as indicated by curve h, and therefore stable spinning conditions can be achieved at increased spinning speed. If a spinning chamber 13 provided with a projection portion 100 but without holes 104 is used, the trace of the yarn 71 is given by the curve g, as indicated on an enlarged scale in Fig. 42. If the spinning chamber 13 is further provided with holes 104, the yarn 71 is given by the curve h which turns even more in the sense of the rotation of the spinning chamber 13 at the location of the openings 104. It is therefore clear that the openings 104 improve the yarn twisting control effect caused by the protrusion portion 100.

The position of the apertures 104 is directed to be near the portion 70 of the maximum diameter of the spinning chamber 13, thereby achieving a good twist control effect, and it is preferred to provide the apertures 104 at a location slightly above the projection portion 100. a portion 100 sufficiently large that the yarn 71 is in sufficient frictional contact with it.

Figures 44 to 47 show in cross-section other embodiments of the rotary spinning chamber 13 according to the invention. In these embodiments, the control surface is provided with a roughened or friction surface in the interior of the spinning chamber 13.

In FIGS. 44 and 45, the friction fabric control surface 105 is located at a portion of the fiber storage surface adjacent the portion 70 of the maximum spinning chamber diameter 13. The fiber storage surface has two differently conical portions, i.e. an upper portion. 107 and a bottom portion 108 as indicated in the drawing. The released loose fibers adhere to the upper portion 107 of the fiber storage area, and then the fiber composite is transferred to the lower part 108 due to the centrifugal force generated by the high speed spinning chamber 13 to which the filaments are combined. In this embodiment, the surfaces of the cone portions 107 and 108 are roughened. Roughness can be limited to the surface of the bottom portion 108. Since the fiber storage surface of the spinning chamber 13 has two differently conical portions 108 and 107, each having a roughened surface, the fiber bonding adhering to the fiber storage surface can be prevented by For example, the spinning chamber 13 of the present invention may be provided with any number of conical portions. As described above, by using a spinning chamber 13 with a double conical fiber storage surface, the bonding of the filaments on the fiber storage surface can be improved, thereby avoiding the fluttering effect of the fibers adhering to the fiber storage surface. Further, the filaments are straightened by the effect on the combing process resulting from the difference between the higher surface speed of the fiber display area of the spinning chamber 13 and the lower conveying speed of the loose fibers from the feed device, and therefore fibers adhering to the fiber storage surface.

Fig. 46 is a cross-sectional view of the modified spinning chamber 13 having a roughened surface at a location 106 adjacent to the maximum diameter portion 70, and Fig. 47 showing the roughened surface of the spinning compartment 13 of Fig. 46 on an enlarged scale.

The mechanical conditions required for the spinning device of the invention will now be described.

The uniformity of the produced yarn is the same as in the traditional spinning process due to periodic and random causes in the spinning process of the invention, and this uniformity is the most important factor affecting the quality of the produced yarn. The spinning technique according to the invention is characterized by the elimination of periodic unevenness in the thickness of the yarn, which is mainly caused by the eccentric deviation of the front rollers by selecting the appropriate diameter and rotation speed of the rotary spinning chamber, thereby achieving yarns of better uniformity. The following are mechanical principles and experimental results in which M denotes the spinning perpendicular rotation speed in rpm, R the inner radius of the spinning chamber (if the diameter is not the same over the entire spinning chamber height, R denotes the radius of that portion of the collecting area) on which the separated fibers are deposited, in other words, the largest inner radius of the spinning chamber, r denotes the radius of the front top roller of the drawing device, U denotes the output (feed) speed of the fiber bundle from the drawing device. which is equal to 2 π RM, and W denotes the rate of separation of the fiber bundle from the inner surface of the spinning chamber, which is approximately equal to the winding speed of the yarn produced.

The fiber bundle exiting the die apparatus at an output speed U is pneumatically conveyed through the lance and plunges onto the inner wall of the spinning chamber from the lower exit end of the lance, whereby the fiber bundles are deposited on the inner surface of the spinning chamber. Pneumatic effect of compressed air and centrifugal effect of the spinning chamber. Thus, if the thickness of the fiber bundle fed from the drawing device varies according to the shape of the sine wave with a wavelength λ and a relative amplitude α that is equal to the amplitude divided by the average thickness, then the fiber sliver thickness S (X) is X at the longitudinal axis expressed as follows:

S (X) = S (1 + asm X 1, (1) λ

where S equals the mean value of S (Xj.

The fiber bundle fed from the drawing device is drawn through an I / O draw ratio and turns into a fiber bundle having an average thickness of U / V as a result of subtracting the speed between the outlet speed of the drawing device and the surface speed of the inner surface of the rotary spinning chamber. The thickness S (X) of the transformed fiber bundle is as follows:

s (x) - µg _{{1 + asin} j _{Xj (2)} where

And ’=

AT

The trace of the fiber bundle placed helically on the inner surface of the spinning chamber before it is separated is shown in Fig. 48.

The overall thickness S '(X) of the fiber bundle at F on the inner surface of the spinning chamber is generally expressed by the following equation, in which Q denotes the number of turns of the fiber bundle on the inner surface of the spinning chamber, and 1 denotes the is equal to 2 rcR:

Q-1

S '(X) => __ S (X + kl) (3).

K = O

Introduction of equation (2j to · equation (3)) will be:

S '(X) = Q

-S [1 + and sin irlQ

Q sin πΐ sin π

- ( ^χ +

Q - 1/1

)] (4).

Λ ’

209403

In case πΐ A ', sin πΐ π ~ λ ’and equation (4) takes the form:

U -, And 'jtIQ

S '| X) -Q-y-SU + and _{2 <1} -. «,. hall

The fiber bundle is gradually separated from the inner wall of the spinning chamber as it is gradually deposited on its surface. The formation of the fibers deposited on the inner wall is shown in FIG. 3. If a portion of the fiber bundle is separated from the inner wall at 2b, the time taken to separate another portion of the bundle from the inner wall at the same location is given by 2ttR

W

Meanwhile, the rotary spinning chamber M performed. 2 R / W = V / W revolutions and V / W layers of the fiber bundles were deposited on the surface at 2b when another fiber bundle separation occurred again at the same location. The procedure described above is the same at all points on the inner baldness. Therefore; the aforementioned quantity Q is equal to V / W.

Introducing Q --- V / W and A '= A. . V / U to the equation (5 j will be:

(X [Q - 1] 2 (6).

Referring to equation (6), the thickness S '(X) of the produced yarn varies according to a sinusoidal curve having a wave length A' - = A V / U and a relative amplitude aA, A is always less than 1 and is expressed by this equation :

AW. tcIU jrlU ^S! AW (6).

As mentioned above, the yarn unevenness caused by the change in the eccentricity of the front upper roller is the main cause of the periodic unevenness occurring during the drawing process, which affects the quality of the yarn produced. The sinusoidal curve unevenness in the yarn has a wavelength equal to the circle length of 2 jrr of the front upper roller and an amplitude proportional to the degree of eccentricity and expression: (elongation ratio - 1). Therefore, equation (7) can be rewritten using the formulas λ == 2πΓ and 1 = 2jtR:

rW% RU to rW (8j.

Equation (8) shows that the hour ..... RU. , that A is dependent on the expression —---, as shown in FIG. 49.

Referring to Fig. 49, the value of A is approximately equal to 1 when the value of the expression is

RU

---- very small and decreasing gradually to zero, rW

RU if radius increases - -. Further, A equals 1'W zero if the ratio value --- is an integer W lo. In general, the degree of change is expressed mathematically by variation, and in particular in the case of evaluating unevenness, the spun yarn should be used in relative variation instead of the usual variation. Here, the relative variation is obtained by dividing the variation by the mean quadratic value and equal to the quadratic value of the percent variation divided by 10 '. Using equation (6), the relative variation c ² of the yarn thickness is expressed as follows:

c ² = O ³ '- a ² (9).

On the other hand, the relative variation in the thickness of the fiber bundle just after being fed from the pusher is equal to ² . Therefore, the relative variation in the thickness of the yarn discharged from the rotary spinning chamber is ^{2 2} times greater than the variation of the fiber bundle discharged ¹ from the drawing device. By selecting R, U,

RU r and W so that the ratio value - rW is an integer, it is possible, regardless of how large the eccentric deviation of the front upper roller is, to completely eliminate the periodic unevenness of the thickness of the produced yarn caused by the eccentric deviation of the front upper roller. However, in practical cases, it is difficult to arrange things so that the value of A equals zero, due to unequal fiber length and unequal wave length, although most preferably,

RU to make the ratio value an integer, the percentage increase of variation caused by periodic irregularity is less than 5 but greater than 0.83, ie jAj <0.224 and A ² <0.05, by selecting the value ratio ^ta to be greater than 0.83.

If the degree of increase in variation is limited to this value, the exclusionary effect on yarn unevenness may be considered sufficient for the practical case. Therefore, it is not always necessary that the RU / rW value be an integer.

On the other hand, it is necessary to increase the value of R or -U in order to increase the value of the ratio RU / rW. However, an increase in the value of R results in an increase in the distance between the spindles, requiring increased energy consumption; an increase in the value of U then results in the fibers sticking to the surface of the rollers. Therefore, it is not desirable to increase the value of R or U too greatly.

Referring to FIG. 49, a sufficient degree of exclusion effect can be expected when an RU / rW value of about 4 or * 5 is chosen. Therefore, it is not necessary to select an RU / rW value greater than 5 because this results in increased power consumption. workspace and operational difficulties. As a result, the RU / rW ratio should preferably be in the range of ¹ 0.83 to 5 for the practical case.

Further, the periodic unevenness of the yarn thickness is also caused by the elongation waves. While in most cases the wavelength of the elongation waves is about 2 to 2.5 times greater than the length of the fibers fed into the machine, the length of the front upper roller circle 2 πΓ is about 2 to 3 times the length of the fibers fed into the machine in the case of cotton spinning; spinning of synthetic fibers. Therefore, the elongation wave length is approximately equal to the periodic periodic unevenness caused by the eccentric deviation of the front upper roller. The approximate periodic unevenness, called the elongation wave, can be almost completely eliminated by selecting an RU / / rW value between 0.83 and 5. Furthermore, by selecting the R value to meet the above mechanical condition, the length at the periphery of the inner surface becomes the spinning chamber is large enough compared to the length of the fibers fed into the device, and this results in easy separation of the fibers from the deposited layers on the inner surface of the spinning chamber. It is reiterated that it is possible to: almost completely eliminate the periodic unevenness of the yarn thickness, caused by the eccentric deviation of the front upper rollers and the elongation waves, by selecting the R, r, W and U values correctly to meet:

An RU of 0.83 <-5 for the spinning apparatus of the invention.

Example

The 200 fiber / 5.484 m bundle produced by passing through the double drawing process is fed into a 4-way wedge-type bundling device for very high drawing and yarn is obtained. 20 (English numbering). The feed is composed of polypropylene fibers 1.5 ^d x 38 mm (shear length). An eccentric front upper roller, which is lined with synthetic rubber, is used. The outer diameter of the roller is 31 mm, the width 27 rn-rn and the degree of eccentricity 0.5 mm. The outgoing fiber bundles are fed to a conventional annular tread spinning machine and to a spinning device according to the invention. In this case, the PoRU value — was set to 2.3. The non-uniformity of the n-ost yarn thickness produced by the traditional spinning machine is shown in Fig. 50, where a noticeable periodic irregularity with a wave length of 10 cm can be seen. An unevenness in the thickness of the yarn produced by the rotary spinning chamber according to the invention is shown in Fig. 51, where a periodic unevenness whose wave length equals the peripheral length of the front upper roller can hardly be observed. This is also demonstrated by the spectrogramet shown in Fig. 52.

The mechanical conditions of the embodiment shown in Fig. 51 are as follows:

U = 64 m / min

W = 43 m / m-in

R = 25 min, r = 16mm.

By using the spinning apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to almost completely eliminate any unevenness in the thickness of the yarn produced during the spinning process and to obtain a yarn having a higher uniformity, the yarn having only unevenness having a larger wave length.

An auxiliary device connected to the spinning device according to the invention will now be described.

Generally speaking, yarns produced by conventional spinning machines using compressed air and centrifugal forces have been marked by their voluminous and loose structure due to the twisting that occurs when the individual fibers are in the relaxed state after eliminating the internal entanglement of the individual fibers resulting from pneumatic transport. Said bulky and loose structure of the produced yarn is usually not desirable, although there are some instances where such yarn is produced. In order to obtain a yarn with a tight structure, as is the case with conventional spinning yarns, it is effective to provide the yarn produced by the spinning device of the invention with a certain degree of elongation on the path from the rollers to the yarn winding point. If they are contained in the fibrous material fed to the spinning device of the invention thermoplastic synthetic fibers, it is also desirable to place a thermal curing device in the stretching area to fix the produced yarn with heat. Depending on the results of the in-service tests, the elongation ratio should be selected within the range of 1.05 to 1.20 to obtain favorable results.

Figures 53 and 54 show an embodiment of a drawing device arranged between the take-off rollers and the yarn winding device; in this case the same ty209405 is used

34 in the spinning apparatus as in FIG. 2. In FIG. 53, the peripheral speed of the pair of rollers 110 and 110 &apos; In Fig. 54, the thermal fixation device 112 is provided within a stretching zone formed between the pair of rollers 110 and 110 'and the pair of rollers 111, 111'. By using the above-described draw device, the twist constant and elongation of the produced yarn are increased, and thus the yarn bulkiness is suitably controlled, whereby a tight structure of the produced yarn can be achieved. Naturally, this avoids breakage of the yarn during winding, which is reflected in the increased production speed.

Claims (14)

A method for the continuous spinning of textile fibers on a yarn using an open-top rotary spinning chamber coupled to at least one loose fiber introducing device, wherein the individual fibers are pulled from a continuously fed ¹ fiber bundle by a vacuum air stream directed in a vacuum. The individual fibers are deposited on the inner collecting surface of the rotary spinning chamber as a fiber web which twists on its lower yarn as it is pulled out of the rotary spinning chamber. a central outlet opening and wound on a spool, characterized in that the vacuum air stream is formed by a compressed air stream operating on the principle of an injector, the force of which is controlled according to the spinning conditions as an increase rotating speed of the spinning chamber or yarn number, and the pressure of which is maintained between 2,941995.10 ⁴ Pa and 5,88 3 9 90.10 ⁴ Pa. 2. A spinning device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a rotary spinning rotor, a device for introducing fibers from a storage source onto the inner peripheral surface of the rotary spinning coil and a yarn winding device formed by twisting and rolling the individual fiber layer. a collecting surface of the rotary spinning chamber, characterized in that it is provided with at least one insertion device (12) for introducing the loose fibers onto the inner peripheral surface (13a) of the above-opened rotary spinning chamber (13), the inside of which is connected to the atmosphere; the device (12) is provided with a feed tube (10 ') for feeding the fiber bundle (2) from the feed rollers (9, 9') to the feed device (12) and the feed tube (10) coaxial with the feed tube (10 '); for supplying compressed air to the inserter ( 12) a side tube (10a) is provided. Spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the inserter (12J) is fixed in an inclined position with respect to the vertical axis of the rotary spinning chamber (13J), wherein the inlet tube (10) of the inserter (12) for loose fibers of the bundle (2) is located at the exit of the fiber bundle of the inventive fiber feed tube (10 ') of the inserter (12), while the outlet of the inserter tube (10) of the fiber distribution device (12) is located at the inner peripheral and the side tube (10a) for supplying compressed air to the delivery device (12) is arranged centrally between the two tubes (10, 10 ') perpendicular to the direction of conveying of the delivery beam (2). fibers. 4. Spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the insertion device (12) is formed by a housing (28) whose narrower supply tube (10 ') extends into a wider insertion tube (10) where it forms a circular gap (27). and a side tube (10a) for supplying compressed air to the inserter (12) is connected to the housing (28) perpendicular to the common axis of the two tubes (10, 10 '). Spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the insertion device (12) is formed by a narrower feed tube (10 ') which passes into a wider insertion tube (10) which is provided with an inclined tube (10a) at its extension. for the supply of compressed air to the inserter (12), the axis of the inclined tube (10a) forming an acute angle with the common axis of the two tubes (10, 10 '). Spinning device according to Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the insertion tube (10J) of the insertion device (12J) has a larger diameter over its entire length than the diameter of the supply tube (10 '), followed by a further tube (34) expanding at an angle (Θ) of 6 to 30 ^Q. Spinning device according to Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the end of the insertion tube (10) of the insertion device (12) is inserted into a tapered guide insert (44) arranged immovably in the upper opening of the rotary spinning chamber (13) coaxially therewith. Wherein the mouth of the insertion tube (10) of the insertion device (12) terminates in a side wall (45) of the tapered guide insert (44). Spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotary spinning chamber (13) fulfills the following condition: ° · ⁸⁵ * KW - ⁵ · where R is the radius of the inner circumferential surface (13a) of the rotary spinning chamber (13J in cm, 21) 9405 33 3B U is the feed speed of the fiber bundle (2) from the feed rollers (9, 9 ') in cm / s, r is the feed rollers radius (9, 9') in cm, and W is the finished yarn draw speed in cmi / s. Spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide peripheral surface (C) of the rotary spinning chamber (13) tapering towards the yarn exit from the rotary spinning perpendicular (13) is provided at the inner surface (B) for twisting. and coiling the strands of the bundle (2) into a strand by an expanding annular portion, the remainder of said guiding peripheral surface (C1) being provided with at least one annular projection integral with the bottom of the rotary spinning chamber (13). Spinning device according to one of Claims 2 to 9, characterized in that in the hollow shaft (73) on which the rotary spinning chamber (13) is rotatably mounted, a twist regulator is fixed fixed as close as possible to the inner peripheral surface ( B) rotary spinning chambers (13). Spinning device according to claim 10, characterized in that the twist regulator is a ring (72) with tapered inner surfaces for gripping the yarn coming from the rotary spinning chamber (13j). Spinning device according to claim 10, characterized in that the twist regulator is in the form of an insert (79) with a corrugated gap for the passage of the yarn withdrawn from the rotary spinning chamber (13). Spinning device according to claim 10, characterized in that the twist regulator is in the form of a funnel (85) with a conical insert (86) made of resilient material, which is located at the top of the hollow shaft (73). Spinning device according to claim 10, characterized in that the funnel (85) is formed as a solid body with a central opening for the passage of yarn withdrawn from the rotary spinning chamber (13), which is covered at the top with a central opening plate (86a) made made of flexible material.