CS208053B1 - Reactor for continuous biological cleaning the the waste waters suitable mainly for the cottage racreational objects and family houses - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a reactor for continuous biological treatment of wastewater, particularly suitable for holiday homes, family houses and the like, and comprising an activation space with a purified liquid supply and aeration elements connected to a laterally arranged separation space having a purified liquid discharge.

There are known reactors for continuous biological treatment of waste water with an activation space with a purification liquid supply and aeration elements, eg in the form of a rotating brush partially immersed in the purification liquid, in which the activation space is laterally associated with a separation space , with drainage of purified liquid.

These reactors give satisfactory results when designed as large installations, eg with power in thousands of equivalent inhabitants, where the specific energy consumption necessary for the operation of these installations is less than 1 to 2 kWh / 1 kg BOD5.

For medium-sized plants of this type, with an output of hundreds of equivalent inhabitants, the specific energy consumption rises to several kWh units per kg of BOD5.

With the growing interest, but also the necessity for the widest possible introduction of effective wastewater treatment, there has been a need to apply the above mentioned reactors to small wastewater sources such as cottage holiday homes, family houses, small public sanitary facilities, etc.

However, it has been shown that, by further reducing the reactor by this requirement, the total energy consumption no longer decreases in the expected manner, so that the specific energy consumption then becomes almost inversely proportional to the reactor power.

As a result, the economically usable reactors of the produced reactors are currently ending in the order of about one hundred equivalent inhabitants; only in limited cases were reactors offered for lower power, but their energy also adversely affects the overall economy.

It follows that, as the size of the reactors decreases, the specific energy consumption required to break down 1 kg of BOD5 increases.

This growth has been shown to be so high that while in large reactors the energy costs make up a relatively small part of the total costs of water purification, the energy costs of small plants become a decisive item of cleaning costs.

The unfavorable energy balance of the known biological treatment reactors for their application to small sources of polluted water is obviously due to their configuration, which requires considerable energy both to keep the activated sludge suspended in the activation space and to effectively remove the activated sludge. returning from the separation space and its desired suspension with contaminated water in the activation space.

These drawbacks are overcome by a reactor for continuous biological wastewater treatment, particularly suitable for holiday homes, family houses and the like, and comprising an activation space with purified water supply and aeration elements connected to a laterally arranged separation space having the purified liquid discharge according to the invention. characterized in that the activation space is formed by a horizontal cylinder with a horizontal axis having a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 times its length, the locking elements being arranged on the opposite side to the vertical plane passing through the horizontal axis of the cylinder the separation space and are more distant from this plane than one fifth of the diameter of the cylinder.

• The optimum shape of the side faces closing the cylinder is planar. However, for design reasons, 1 convex faces can be used.

The advantages of the reactor according to the invention are primarily that it can be used for its energy efficiency even in small designs, particularly suitable for family houses, recreational, eg cottage buildings, small sanitary facilities and the like.

Further advantages are in the field of manufacturing, where by using a relatively small cylindrical tank, the manufacturing cost of producing the reactor is relatively low.

Examples . design. by. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal view of a planar reactor; FIG. 3 is another cross-sectional view of the reactor;

The reactor activation space A is formed by a tank consisting of. The cylinder 1 has a horizontal axis O which is closed at the ends by either faces which are either planar as shown in FIG. 2 or convex. It is connected to the top of the cylinder 1. supply 3 of raw water.

The diameter D of the roller 1 is preferably 1.5 to. 2.5 'times, its lengths 1. In the version p. 2-fold is particularly preferred.

In the activation space A are located aeration elements 8 - immersed in the purified liquid - which are relative to the imagined vertical plane R passing through the horizontal axis O of the cylinder · 1 on the opposite side to the separation space S, which will be in the next. are described and are from this vertical plane · R · at a distance greater than one fifth of the diameter D of the cylinder · 1. The aeration elements 8 are two, as shown in Fig. 2, the distance L 'between their centers being preferably 0.65 up to 0.85 times the cylinder length L · 1. · For a tank with straight ends at D = 2 x L, the optimal L '= 0.75 X L.

At the bottom of the activation area. And. a known collection of excess sludge 12 is placed.

A vent chimney 13 is formed in the upper part of the inlet 3.

To the activation space A is connected laterally a roughly prismatic separation space S which is delimited by an inclined wall 4 tangentially connected to the cylinder housing 1, lateral faces 5, a free surface 6 of purified water determined by the drain 7 and then by the wall system 10 together with It has been found that the most advantageous inclination of the inclined wall 4 with respect to the horizontal is around 55 °.

The activation space A is connected to the lower part of the separation space with a passage 9 - longitudinally - formed in the cylinder housing 1. The lower edge of the passage 9 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is formed by connecting the inclined wall 4 to the housing 1. 2 consists of a set of parallel rectangular openings in the cylinder housing.

At the interface between the activation space A and the separation space S there is already mentioned a set of walls 10, which are located either in the separation space S as shown in FIG. 1 or both in the separation space S and so on. 3, these walls 10 form a channel system K. The channels K with their lower ends extend close to the passage 9; at the same time, they are connected above their outlets to the activation space A - see Fig. 1 - or even to one another through the openings 11. Above the activation space A near the inlet 3 is located a vent chimney 13.

The described devices work as follows:

Raw or purified water flows through inlet 3 to the activation space A, where the concentration of activated sludge is high.

The aeration elements 8 immersed in purified activated sludge water dispersed air, which is after passage. exhausted through the vent 13.

First, the dispersed air saturates the liquid with oxygen. required for biological treatment, on the one hand, by the mammoth effect, it provides the driving force needed to create the movement of the liquid in the activation space A, which is necessary to keep the activated sludge in suspension. As a result of this driving force, a flow of a mixture of activated sludge water occurs in the activation space A, which flow is in the form of a cylindrical vortex with a horizontal axis in a clockwise direction.

It has been shown that in the proposed configuration of the activation space A, while maintaining the above-mentioned correlations, to produce and maintain said flow surprisingly low driving force is required, so that even a small amount of air is required for. to cover the biological oxygen demand during water purification, it is sufficient to create the driving force needed to create the flow necessary to suspend the activated sludge in the activation space A.

In addition, the described positioning of the aeration elements 8 creates a very favorable distribution of driving forces in the longitudinal axial direction of the cylinder 1.

By the action of known biological processes in the presence of oxygen, the inflowing water in the activation space A is purified.

The activated sludge water passes from the activation chamber A through the openings 11 to the channel system K where its movement is slowed.

The water flowing from the lower mouths of the channel system K flows both into the separation space S and partly returns to the activation space A.

In the separation space S the water flows upwards and is separated from the activated sludge by a known fluid filtration. Purified water is then drained at the level of free water level 6 ·

Activated sludge retained in the separation space

208053 S, along the inclined wall 4, returns to the activation space A through the passage 9 on the still inclined surface of the cylinder 1. The described inclination of the inclined wall 4 preferably prevents sludge settling in the inclined wall.

The flow generated by the array of channels K in the region of the passage 9 effectively assists the return of the activated sludge from the separation space S to the activation space A and prevents the transmission of interfering induced currents from the activation space A to the separation space S.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. A reactor for continuous biological wastewater treatment, particularly suitable for holiday homes, family houses and the like, and comprising an activation space with purified liquid inlet and aeration elements, connected to a laterally arranged separation space having a purified liquid outlet. the space (A) is formed by a cylinder (1) with a horizontal axis (O), the diameter (D) of which is 1.5 to 2.5 times its length (L), the aeration elements (8) being arranged relative to the vertical plane ( R) passing through the horizontal axis (O) of the roller (1) on the opposite side to the separation space (S) and being more than a fifth of the diameter (D) of the roller (1) from this vertical plane (R). Reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the side faces (2) closing the cylinder (1) are planar. A reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two aeration elements (8) immersed in the purified liquid, wherein the distance (L ') between their centers is 0.65 to 0.85 times the length (L) of the cylinder (1). ).