CS201970B1 - Solvent degrasing agent with rapid decompositing emulsion - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a solvent-based degreaser with a rapidly decomposing emulsion for washing heavily soiled surfaces, for example in a car repair shop, in which improved degreasing efficiency is solved.

The penetration of petroleum hydrocarbons into groundwater and surface waters is a serious environmental problem, as the protection of natural water resources is one of the decisive positions in environmental protection. The use of emulsion degreasing agents for cleaning heavily contaminated surfaces, such as machinery, engines with chassis of cars, locomotives, buses, etc. worsens the problem of penetration of oil products into water.

Cleaning of these areas is necessary especially in repair shops. The cleaning process consists of applying the composition to the surface to be cleaned (by spraying, brushing, etc.) and rinsing it with a stream of water after a period of exposure. During rinsing, an emulsion is formed consisting of different types of oils and emulsifier mixtures.

The emulsion degreasers produced so far for this purpose are based on non-ionic emulsifiers (eg ARVA in Czechoslovakia) and form very stable emulsions after rinsing. These emulsions must be echoically precipitated into the oil and water phases using an anionic deemulsifier and a suitable

201 970 electrolyte. Another method for decomposing the emulsions is to heat to a critical temperature, or both can be combined. The process of disposing of stable emulsions is complex and quite often, especially in small repair shops, is not carried out at all. In such a case, the effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on water quality is particularly dangerous, since emulsification has several times increased their penetration ability and damped penetration rate.

More recently, this problem is partially solved by the development of degreasing agents created after rinsing! unstable, self-disintegrating emulsion.

German Patent No. 2 52599? discloses a solid surface degreasing composition comprising a C 10 -C 16 alkylamine, an alkanolamine and a dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. Vznikajíc! A disadvantage of the present composition of other similar types is that rapid degradation of the emulsion is achieved at the expense of reducing the degreasing capacity, i.e. the effectiveness of the composition.

The above drawback is remedied according to the invention by a solvent degreaser, for heavily soiled surfaces with a rapidly decomposing emulsion, consisting of a hydrocarbon solvent, preferably of naphtha and / or kerosene, of an alkylamine having a hydrocarbon chain length of 10 to 20 carbon. an alkanolamine, preferably triethanolamine, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, which contains from 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, of sodium, ammonium or potassium dodecylbenzenaulfonate for enhancing degreasing properties. It is preferable to prepare the basic lipid mixture by progressively neutralizing dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid with the appropriate alkali components.

The advantages of the invention are apparent from the following examples, which limit the scope of the invention.

Examples

Degreaser samples were prepared according to the formulas given in the table. The degreasing capacity was evaluated by spraying method according to ČSN 038215, when the time from the beginning of spraying to the formation of a continuous water film is measured when spraying an aqueous nigrosine solution.

From the results, it is clear that the addition of the salts of the present invention greatly increases the potency until the nonionic surfactant level is reached. The addition of dodecylbenzene sulfonate is most effective. The emulsion formed after the rinse was settled within 1 minute on the oil and aqueous layers, except for sample 7, which did not settle.

1 2 3 * 5 6 7 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid acid 2 2 2 2 2 2.1 OT triethanolamine 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.85 - technical octadecylamine 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.05 - sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate - 0.1 0.2 - - - -

ammonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate naphtha 96.2 96.1 96.0 ethylene oxide lauryl alcohol with 3 EO

0.2 - 0.2 «- 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 ♦, 0 degreasing capacity (sec) 17 11 7

12

6

Claims (1)

Solvent degreasing agent for heavily soiled surfaces with a rapidly decomposing emulsion consisting of a hydrocarbon solvent, alkanolamine, n-alkylamine and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, characterized in that it contains 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 0, 5% by weight, of sodium dodecylbenzene and / or of ammonium and / or potassium, preferably sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.