CS201310B1 - Pneumatic device for modelling the solid obstacle - Google Patents

Description

The invention provides a pneumatic device for modeling impacts of solid bodies on a fixed obstacle. This is a problem of research into the physico-mechanical properties of bodies when they impact their mass on a solid obstacle by their impact forces. It also solves the detection of the impact and reflection velocity of the bodies, as well as the monitoring of the state of the bodies after impact by recording deformation, resp. destruction of their shape in response to varying impact velocity.

Existing methods by mechanical throwing on a solid obstacle, or by hitting the rotating surface, are simple but insufficient in terms of incorporating control and measurement technology.

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the pneumatic rigid obstacle modeling device according to the invention, characterized in that an air buffer reservoir, equipped with an air supply control valve, is connected via an electro-pneumatic valve to a tube with a filling opening for the ejected rigid bodies. Furthermore, at the end of the tube mouth in a line parallel to the extended tube axis in front of the fixed obstacle, the photocells as the rigid body impact velocity measuring devices are mounted, connected to a digital counter, the camera with a rotating disc a slotted rotatable disc, parallel to the optical axis of the camera lens, perpendicular to the extended axis of the tube, wherein the slotted rotatable dimension is located in front of the camera lens, connected to a synchronizing electronic switch, connected to a power source and electropneumatic valve; / or photocell.

The benefit of the pneumatic device according to the invention is, in particular, that a different firing velocity is adjusted by regulating the applied air pressure. The time of passing of the body between two photocells spaced apart at a precisely known distance is recorded by an electronic counter. From these data, the impact velocity is calculated and the disassembled photographic record monitors the state of the body after impact, respectively. after measuring the distance of the body on two adjacent records, the reflection speed is calculated.

The pneumatic device according to the invention with the apparatus arrangement is schematically shown in the attached figure.

The pneumatic device according to the invention consists of a pipe 1 provided with a filling opening 3 for ejected rigid bodies 7. In the extended axis of the pipe 1 a fixed obstacle 4 is located at a certain distance from its mouth. The device further consists of an air reservoir 5 with control valve 6 and The impact velocity measuring device consists of photocells 9, 10 arranged in a line parallel to the elongated axis of the tube 1 in front of the fixed obstacle 4 and a digital counter 8. The recording of the stroke state is performed by the camera 12 through the slots of the rotatably supported disc. 11, located just in front of the lens, by a flash and an electronic switch 13 controlled by a photocell 10 and a power source 14, or an auxiliary button 15. The camera 12 is positioned in front of a fixed obstacle 4 with the axis of rotation of the slot rotating disc 11. with the optical axis of the camera lens 12 perpendicular to the extended axis of the tube 1.

The machine operates in the following way. The control valve 6 adjusts the air pressure in the buffer reservoir 5 so that it corresponds to a certain centering velocity and is admitted via the electro-pneumatic valve 2 into the pipe 1. The body 7 inserted into the pipe 1 through the opening 3 is ejected to the fixed obstacle 4. on its path it intersects the beams of the photocells 9, 10, the first starting and the second stopping the counter 8, operating at its internal frequency "f". The photocells 9, 10 are spaced apart at a distance "a" - the other at obstacle 4.

Impact velocity is calculated according to the formula:

% Inaccuracy = .100 =

Ιχ

The f value is recorded by a numeric 'counter'.

(for the counter and data)

The stroke is scanned by the camera 12 in a darkened environment, by means of a photo flash, through a slotted rotating disc 11, thereby dividing the recording into portions. The disc 11 is positioned in close proximity to the objective and rotated by the synchronous electric motor such that the slots relative to the objective move coincident with the path and against the movement of the body 7. The number of blinds "x" per time unit (s) can be accurately checked and photoelectric sensor BP 3620. The flash is triggered by photocell 10 and electronic, e.g. thyristor switch 13.

From the obtained shots, the state of the body after impact is visually evaluated, e.g. integrity, macro-deformation, destruction, resp. after subtracting the distance of the body "s" in two consecutive shots, from the exposed mm ruler in the background, the reflection speed of the body 7 is calculated according to the formula:

V _o = s. x

Example:

The number of blanking "x" found is 2860 s ^-1 ; the reading of the body 's' in two consecutive shots is 7 mm. The reflection speed will then be:

V _o - p. x = 0.007.2860 = 20.02 m s ^-1

Example

The flying object will record the digit on the counter "f _x " = 200 Hz. The distance between photocells "a" is 20 mm and the internal frequency "f" eg. The universal reader TESLA BM 354 is 100 kHz ± 1 Hz.

The impact speed will then be:

The device can advantageously be used, for example, to determine the physico-mechanical properties of grains of all agricultural crops, but also of other samples of different types of materials. It gives the opportunity to explore and compare materials of various kinds and shapes of obstacles and use the knowledge gained in the construction! machinery, equipment, etc.

Claims (1)

2 house of air through electropneumatic valve 2do tube 1. Measuring device for impact velocity forms photocells 9, 10 placed in a straight line parallel to the elongated axis of tube 1 in front of fixed obstacle 4 and digital reader 8. a mounted disc 11, positioned immediately upstream of the lens, by means of a flash and an electronic switch 13, controlled by a photocell 10 and a current source 14, or by an auxiliary pressure switch 15. The camera 12 is positioned by a pre-obstacle 4 with a rotation axis of the slot The device operates in the following manner. The control valve 6 adjusts the air pressure in the buffer reservoir 5 so that it responds to a certain ejection speed and is actuated through the electropneumatic valve. 2 pockets 1. Body 7, inserted A fixed obstacle 4 is ejected into the pipe 1 through the opening 3 by the flowing air. The body 7 on its path crosses the rays of the photocells 9, 10, from which it starts and the second tracks the counter 8, with its internal frequency "f". Photocells 9, 10 are spaced apart "a" - the other at obstacle 4. The impact velocity is calculated by the slave: The f value is recorded by the digital counter of the counter. Example The flying body records the digital reading with the reader "fx" = 200 Hz. The distance between the photocells "a" is 20 mm and the internal frequency "f" of the universal counter TESLA BM 354 is 100 kHz ± 1 Hz. The impact velocity will then be:% inaccuracy = .100 = Ιχ (for a given counter and data) The beat action is taken by the camera 12 in a darkened environment, by means of a flash, through a slotted rotary disk 11, to divide the record into parts. The disk 11 is positioned in close proximity to the lens and rotated by a synchronous motor so that it is in the form of a lens. the lens is aligned with the path and against the movement of the body 7. The number of closures "x" per unit of time (s) can be checked, for example, by the universal counter B 35 35 and the photoelectric sensor BP 3620. The flash is triggered by the photocell 10 and electronically, e.g. The thyristor switch 13 is used to visually evaluate the condition of the body after impact, i.e., intactness, macro-deformation, destruction, and the like. by subtracting the distance of the body "s" on two consecutive shots, from the exposed mm ruler in the background, the reflection speed of the body 7 is calculated according to the formula: Vo = s. x Example: The number of blanking "x" found is 2860 s-1; the distance of the body "s" on two after the following images is 7 mm. The reflection speed will then be: Vo - s. X = 0.007.2860 = 20.02 m s'1 For example, the apparatus may be used to determine the physico-mechanical properties of grains of all agricultural crops as well as other samples of various types of materials. It gives the possibility to explore and compare materials of different types and shapes of obstacles and to use the acquired knowledge in the design of machines, equipment and the like. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION A pneumatic device for modeling rigid bodies on a rigid obstacle, characterized in that an equalizing reservoir (5) is connected to the tube (1) with the filler (3) for ejected rigid bodies (7) via an electropneumatic valve (2). A photocell (9, 10) is provided as an impact velocity measuring device at the end of the tube (1) in the straight line with the extended tube axis (1) by a pre-obstacle (4) provided by the air supply control valve (6). a rigid body (7) connected to a numerical counter (8), wherein the camera (12) with a rotatably mounted disc (11) and a shock recorder is also located in front of the fixed obstacle (4) with the rotation axis of the slot-mounted disc ( 11) the parallel optical axis of the camera lens (12) perpendicular to the extended axis of the tube (1), wherein the pin-shaped rotational disk (11) is positioned in front of the object The camera (12) is connected to a synchronizing electronic switch (13) connected to both the power supply (14) and the electro-pneumatic valve (2) and the auxiliary button (15) and / or photocell (10). 1 drawing