CN87204285U - Ground solar heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization and is a solar heat collector. The solar heat collector is designed according to the property that 'the included angle of the focal radius and the diameter of a point on a parabola is halved by the tangent line of the point'. The opening of a parabolic cylinder type frame is downward. A reflex mirror is a ribbed type plane reflection mirror set. The collector is composed of the frame, plane reflection mirrors, a focusing energy collecting pipe, etc. The focusing energy collecting pipe is fixed on the earth surface. The whole device is arranged facing the east-west direction. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication, low cost and wide range of application.

Description

Ground solar heat accumulator

The utility model belongs to the technical field of utilizing of solar energy, is a kind of solar thermal collector.

In solar utilization technique, the solar thermal collector of general parabolic surface shape is to adopt the character and the reflection of light law of parabola normal to make.Cylindro-parabolic (solar radiation is accumulated on the line) or placement parabolic (on accumulating in solar radiation a bit) reflection type mirror is modal focusing solar collector, and its primary event focal position is above the parabolic surface speculum.The absorber position of the solar thermal collector of this kind form then is in the top of parabolic surface speculum if build the primary event focal position in, needs the energy that absorbs is imported ground installation, and the ability good utilisation, its expenditure of construction is bigger; If focal position is changed into below the parabolic surface speculum through secondary reflection, also can cause the increase of expenditure of construction and loss, cause the complicated of structure.In addition, when the size of employing column parabolic surface or rotation parabolic surface was big, manufacturing and installation be difficulty relatively.

The concave surface that the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of parabolic cylinder molded lines shape framework focuses on the energy collecting position and is in paraboloidal below down, simple structure, makes and installs easily, is convenient to the solar energy collecting device that large tracts of land is used.

The purpose of this utility model realizes with the following methods: the character of utilizing " tangent line of any is divided the angle of the focal radius of this point and diameter equally on the parabola ", with the parabolic shape frame openings down, mounting plane speculum on framework, form the rib-type parabolic cylinder, two frameworks form a little parabolic cylinder, the parabolic cylinder that these are little links up on the focal axis direction, just become big parabolic cylinder, the slope of the normal of plane reflection minute surface equals the line and the tangent slope of parabolical intersection point of the mid point of plane reflection minute surface on the shaft section of framework of parabolic cylinder with the parabola focus, focuses on energy collecting tube and is installed on the focus axis below the parabolic cylinder.The focal axis of the parabolic cylinder of solar energy cumulative device is consistent with east-west direction, make and promptly focus on the energy collecting tube on the focal axis of incident ray that is parallel to symmetry axis through converging in parabolic cylinder after the mirror reflects, focus on energy collecting tube the energy conduction of collecting is gone out, just can reach and collect the purpose of utilizing solar energy.This structure is compared with existing solar energy cumulative device, have simple in structure, cost is low, make to install be easy to characteristics, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model will be further described.

Fig. 1 solar ground heat-collecting device schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 solar ground heat-collecting device structure sketch;

Fig. 3 speculum position design schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 mirror surface position design principle calculation specifications sketch.

Among the figure: 1---framework

2---plane mirror

3---the bottom parabolic reflector

4---focus on energy collecting tube

5---ground

6---incident ray

7---incidence point

8---reflection ray

9---the mirror surface mid point

10---the mirror surface mid point is with parabola focus line and parabolical intersection point

B---parabola focus

Framework (1) is a parabolic shape, opening down, its normal equation is: X ²=-2Py, with rigid material such as manufacturings such as reinforcing bar, steel plate, plane mirror (2) can adopt the flat glass mirror, also can adopt the surface to plate the mirror metal plate (as chrome plating) that the high reflectance material forms.Plane mirror (2) is installed in two frameworks (1) and goes up formation rib-type parabolic cylinder shape, makes the slope of plane mirror (2) normal equal the mid point (9) of parabolic cylinder type gimbal axis cross section upper reflector with the line of parabola focus (B) and the tangent slope (see figure 3) of parabola intersection point (10).The installation site of speculum and required width are calculated by following serial computing formula and provide:

$K_1=\frac{y_3-(-\frac{p}{2})}{x_3}{K}_2=\frac{P}{-{\mathrm{PK}}_1+P\sqrt{{K^2}_1+1}}$

${\mathrm{｜L}}_1\mathrm{｜=}\sqrt{\mathrm{(x\; -\; x}{}_2){}^2{\mathrm{+\; (y\; -\; y}}_2){}^2}$

In the above-mentioned formula, Q ₁(x ₁, y ₁) be zequin; Q ₂(x ₂, y ₂) be mirror surface and parabolical intersection point; Q ₃(x ₃, y ₃) be Q ₁Q ₂Mid point; γ is for focusing on the radius of energy collecting tube; K ₁Be straight line BQ ₃Slope; K ₂Slope for the normal equation of Fig. 3 mid point (10); L ₁Be the width of first speculum, i.e. L ₁=line segment Q ₂C ₁Length.Again with Q ₂(x ₂, y ₂) as the zequin of following one deck reflector position, ask L ₂So analogize, can calculate L ₁, L ₂L _nThe thickness d of speculum has been ignored in calculating, should consider into during practical application, is revised speculum thickness

$\mathrm{d=}\frac{{\mathrm{｜\; k}}_2{\mathrm{x-y-k}}_2{x}_2{\mathrm{+y}}_2｜}{\sqrt{K_2{}^2\mathrm{+1}}}$

Can be drawn by top formula: the closer to the parabola summit, the width of plane mirror is big more, close parabola end, the width of plane mirror is just little.The spacing of two adjacent plane speculums (2) and the equal diameters that focuses on energy collecting tube.

The focusing energy collecting tube (4) that is installed on the parabolic cylinder focal axis is made by the strong material of heat absorption capacity, and working solution (as water or oily substance) is arranged in the pipe, and working solution is mechanical energy, electric energy, heat energy etc. with the conversion of solar energy that absorbs.Focus on energy collecting tube (4) and be the East and West direction installation, its position does not change with the change of sun altitude, and general application can be exempted complicated tracking means.In order more effectively to collect near the solar energy the parabolic cylinder summit, installing bottom layer parabolic reflector (3) below focusing on energy collecting tube (4).The cumulative device of making thus and settling, daytime, no matter the sun was in what position, can both make parallel incident ray (6) converge in paraboloidal focal axis after plane reflection minute surface (1) reflection and promptly focus on the energy collecting tube (4).According to the north and south tropic of the sun and the particular geographic location of heat collector, make the sunray that simple adjustment can obtain parallel incident slightly.

On the house of flat-top, build 25 meters of length, wide 8 meters, high 2 meters solar thermal collector, if the reflectivity of reflectorized material is more than 90%, by solar radiation time every day is 6 hours, if the heat radiation loss is 30%, winter, the running water initial temperature was 0 ℃, spring and autumn running water initial temperature is 15 ℃, summer, the running water initial temperature was 25 ℃, and then this heat collector every day in winter can be for about 18 tons of 50 ℃ of hot water, and spring and autumn every day can be for about 25 tons of 50 ℃ of hot water, every day in summer can be for about 35 tons of 50 ℃ of hot water, no need of any fuel.If wide area (as the Northwest) builds 500 meters of length in the region, wide 60 meters, high 15 meters solar thermal collector, adopt rigid material to make framework, the material of reflectivity more than 90% made speculum, the good material of absorbing properties is done to focus on energy collecting tube, and the liquid little with specific heat, that boiling point is low, the coefficient of expansion is big is made working solution, focuses on solar energy that energy collecting tube collects and is sent to turbo type engine or other engines then can be used for generating through working solution.To shine upon calculating in 6 hours every day, to establish the heat radiation loss is 30%, and the thermal efficiency is 25%, then can calculate the energy that this heat collector collected solar energy every day is equivalent to 18 tons of standard coals, and generated energy can reach 35000 degree/skies.

Two power outputs that Japan builds up in August, 1981 to September at Xiang Chuan county benevolence tail raised path between farm fields are the solar power plant of " tower optically focused mode " and " the curved surface optically focused mode " of a megawatt, its construction cost is about 5,000,000,000 yen, ten times (seeing that " sophisticated technology 100 examples " Hunan Province science tech publishing house publishes, the 1st edition the 1st printing November in 1986) that are equivalent to atomic power station.And as adopting the utility model to build the solar power plant of equal scale, its construction cost obviously can not surpass the construction cost of atomic power station, does not embody the utility model and have superiority on large-area applications.

Focusing energy collecting tube of the present utility model (absorber) fixed-site is constant, be convenient to utilize the energy of collection, focus on ground by primary event, it focuses on energy collecting tube (absorber) cost and reduces, because speculum is the rib-type speculum group that is located on the parabolic cylinder type framework, have the advantage of plane and curved face type concurrently, simple structure is made and is installed easily, cost is low, the energy collecting area is changeable, middle-size and small-size unit, the domestic heat of can be used for, the large-scale solar electrical energy generation that can be used for.The curved surface opening that the character of parabolical tangent line of utilizing the utility model designs is rib-type cumulative surface collection device down, except that being applicable to parabolic cylinder, also applicable to the paraboloid of revolution, paraboloid etc.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of solar energy cumulative device, comprise parabolic cylinder molded lines shape framework (1), focus on energy collecting tube (4), it is characterized in that parabolic cylinder molded lines shape framework (1) opening down, go up mounting plane speculum (2) at framework (1), form rib-type speculum group, the slope of the normal of plane mirror (2) equals the mid point (9) of plane mirror (2) on parabolic cylinder type framework (1) shaft section with the line of parabola focus and the tangent slope of parabola intersection point (10), and focusing energy collecting tube (4) is installed on the focus axis of parabolic cylinder type framework below.

2, solar energy cumulative device according to claim 1 is characterized in that focusing on energy collecting tube (4) below a small-sized bottom parabolic reflector (3) is set.

3, according to claim 1 and 2 described solar energy cumulative devices, the width that it is characterized in that plane mirror (2) is big more the closer to the parabola top, near the parabola end, then width is more little, and the distance between two adjacent reflecting optics equals to focus on the diameter of energy collecting tube.

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