CN87105226A - Novel process for cracking dehydropregnenolone acetate and recovering mother liquor - Google Patents

Novel process for cracking dehydropregnenolone acetate and recovering mother liquor Download PDF

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CN87105226A
CN87105226A CN87105226.1A CN87105226A CN87105226A CN 87105226 A CN87105226 A CN 87105226A CN 87105226 A CN87105226 A CN 87105226A CN 87105226 A CN87105226 A CN 87105226A
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mother liquor
diosgenin
cracking
temperature
heating
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CN1026181C (en
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黄立士
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HUBEI PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT
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HUBEI PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT
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Abstract

The invention improves the cracking and mother liquor recovery process in the preparation of 5.16 pregnene diene-3 beta-alcohol-20-ketone acetate (abbreviated as dehydropregnenolone acetate) from yam saponin, adopts a heating method of heating the bottom of a reaction tank and rapidly raising the temperature in the cracking process, increases the temperature rise speed, controls the dissolution and reaction temperature well, firstly saponifies the mother liquor by alkali metal hydroxide in the mother liquor treatment and recovery, then extracts by a mixed solvent of methanol and cyclohexane, and recycles all the mother liquor after layering and concentration treatment. By adopting new cracking and mother liquor recovery processes, the product yield is improved by 4.5 percent and reaches 66.5 percent, and the melting point is improved by 1 ℃ and reaches 166 ℃.

Description

The invention belongs to the compound synthesis technology relevant, be applicable to that diosgenin prepares the pregnant steroid diene of 5.16--3 β-alcohol-20-ketone acetic ester (abbreviation diene alcohol ketone acetic ester) and the synthetic enol ketone acetic ester of tigogenin with chemical synthetic drug.
At present, the traditional technology of our factory and domestic other manufacturer production diene alcohol ketone acetic ester, be be raw material with the diosgenin, through operations such as pressurization cracking, oxidation, hydrolysis (eliminations), extractions, refining, mother liquor processing and recyclings, accompanying drawing 1 is seen in its technical process.
Chemical equation is as follows:
Figure 87105226_IMG1
For many years, each producer of the whole nation utilizes above-mentioned technology to produce diene alcohol ketone acetic ester from the raw material diosgenin, product yield is about 60~62%, in order to improve yield and quality product, someone proposes from different perspectives and carried out process modification, but so far, product yield does not surpass 60~62%, and quality product still can not be satisfactory, and it is on the low side that this master need show as the first fusing point of product.(seeing medicine industry, the fifth phase, P15,1979).
How improving the yield and the quality product (raising fusing point) of diene alcohol ketone acetic ester, is the problem that domestic units concerned pay close attention to very much, and many units are all in research, but all obtains satisfied result.
Through research and production practice for many years, we find that the cracking of diosgenin and the processing of mother liquor are to improve the yield of diene alcohol ketone acetic ester and the important procedure of quality with reclaiming.In order to improve product yield and quality product, the present invention has reformed both at home and abroad from the synthetic diene alcohol ketone acetic ester technology of diosgenin, pressurization cracking and mother liquor separating technology, the diene alcohol ketone acetic ester yield has been improved about 4.5% than advanced international level 62%, yield has been reached about 66.5%, and fusing point improves 1 ℃.
In order to illustrate the main points of process modification, cracking and mother liquid recovery process comparative illustration are as follows before and after will improving below:
One, improve preceding cracking technology:
1. type of heating and intensification situation: when diosgenin is pressurizeed cracking, employing be the oil bath heating, ceaselessly be heated to 203 ± 3 ℃ of the best (thinking now) cracking temperatures continuously;
2. begun to reach 203 ± 3 ℃ of cracking temperatures to temperature by heat temperature raising, required time was wanted 2.5~3 hours.
Use above-mentioned heating means, the situation that temperature is risen is seen the relation curve 1 that accompanying drawing 2-heat-up time and temperature rise.
The state that this type of heating, temperature do not rise with stopping, and the time that reaches required 2.5~3 hours length of cracking temperature are very disadvantageous for scission reaction, and reason is:
(1) diosgenin, below 160 ℃, in Glacial acetic acid and aceticanhydride, rare scission reaction, just a dissolution process; More than 160 ℃, diosgenin begins cracking, along with temperature raises, cracking aggravation, but diosgenin dissolves in Glacial acetic acid a process will be arranged, if diosgenin is below 160 ℃, dissolving is incomplete as yet, temperature has just surpassed 160 ℃, has promptly entered the temperature cracking zone, undissolved diosgenin, can not react, this is very disadvantageous to yield, and former technology temperature-rise period ceaselessly continuously is very easy to produce this situation.
(2) heating-up time longly promptly rises to best cracking temperature by starting temperature, needs 2.5~3 hours, cause cracking easily diosgenin, further destroyed, produce yield and quality that side reaction influences product.
Made following process modification at the problems referred to above:
1, on type of heating, employing can be heated the type of heating that is rapidly heated in the retort bottom, as adopts efficient power frequency well heater.(seeing China Patent No. 86203184)
2, diosgenin is fine to be dissolved in Glacial acetic acid and the aceticanhydride in order to make, when temperature is raised to 140~160 ℃ (promptly enter cracking zone before), keep for some time, as guarantee in 20~45 minutes, after treating that diosgenin all dissolves, be rapidly heated again, as in 20~45 minutes, temperature is raised to 205 ± 5 ℃ of best cracking temperatures, kept 25~50 minutes.Temperature rising situation is seen the relation curve 2 that accompanying drawing 2-heat-up time and temperature rise.
When changing reaction conditions, composition of raw materials is adjusted.Better prescription is as follows:
Material name specification proportioning remarks
Diosgenin m.p 〉=195 ℃ 1 water content 0.5%
Acetic acid 95% 1.5~1.6
Glacial acetic acid 98% 0.5~0.6
Batch production 0.3~0.4 on the diene mother liquor
And make
(liquid: liter, solid: kilogram)
Two, improving preceding mother liquor handles and recovery technology:
Reclaim ethanol mother liquor afterwards, directly backspace cracking operation is used, because mother liquor is too many, and the material imbalance, so can not all utilize, about 1/3~1/2 mother liquor will give up, and this has not only caused waste, and pollutes the environment, by product isocaproic acid acetic ester in the mother liquor is more simultaneously, it is not separated, directly return the cracking operation and use, influence quality product.Fig. 2 is seen in technical process.
Made following process modification at the problems referred to above:
Handle mother liquor with alkali metal hydroxide, potassium hydroxide (KOH) preferably makes the by product isocaproic acid acetic ester saponification in the mother liquor:
The isocaproic acid acetic ester
M is a basic metal, is preferably potassium (K).
Reclaim after the ethanol, mixed extractant solvent with methyl alcohol and hexanaphthene, difference according to different substances solubility property in different solvents, isocaproic acid acetic ester basic metal saponification thing mostly is dissolved in the potassium alcohol, and diene alcohol ketone acetic ester and unreacted saponin mostly are dissolved in the hexanaphthene, again through sedimentation, and layering, concentrate, the diene alcohol ketone acetic ester in the mother liquor and unreacted diosgenin all can be recycled pressurization cracking operation in next batch.Fig. 3 is seen in technical process:
Handle the raw material and the proportioning (liquid: liter of mother liquor; Solid: kilogram):
Material name specification proportioning charging capacity remarks
1 batch of scission reaction of diene alcohol ketone vinegar is used
Acid esters mother liquor diosgenin weight is 1
Basic metal hydrogen-oxygen 95% 0.02
Change thing
Hexanaphthene industrial goods 3
Methyl alcohol 96% 0.16
Our factory is handled and is reclaimed after two step process improve the cracking of diene alcohol ketone acetic ester and mother liquor, and product yield is by the 62%(advanced international level) about bring up to 66.5%, produced tangible economic benefit.
See attached list:
Diene alcohol ketone acetic ester economic target contrast table.
Figure 87105226_IMG3
Annotate: the popular technology of domestic current is called for short old technology, and the present invention is called for short novel process.The reform of novel process cleavage method can improve yield 1.5~2%, and the reform of mother liquor yield can improve yield 3.0~3.5%, and this table improves 4.5% by total recovery.
As can be seen from the above table, after " cracking " and " mother liquor handle with recovery " two step process of preparation diene alcohol ketone acetic ester were carried out, the output value increased to 786.695/ yuan/year by 733.46 ten thousand yuan/year, profit is increased to 155.0 ten thousand yuan/year by 104.78 ten thousand yuan/year, and economic benefit is very considerable.
Embodiment:
One, scission reaction
(1) raw material specification, proportioning (liquid: liter; Solid: kg)
Material name specification proportioning charging capacity remarks
145 ℃ 1 100 of saponin m.p
Moisture content 0.5%
Aceticanhydride industry content 98% 1.55 155
Glacial acetic acid industry content 98% 0.5 50
The present invention of diene mother liquor separating obtained 0.38 38
(2) technological operation:
With saponin, diene mother liquor input crack tank, sealed tank cap with efficient power frequency heater heats; Add aceticanhydride, Glacial acetic acid, the sealing charging valve; Open the power frequency well heater, simultaneously to vacuumizing in the jar, extremely jar interior vacuum tightness is more than the 600mmHg, to close vacuum; In temperature rose to 150 ℃ ± 5 ℃ in 30 minutes, closes the power frequency well heater and under this temperature, kept 20~45 minutes, and then heating makes a jar interior temperature rise to 205 ± 5 ℃ rapidly, interior pressure 5.0kg-6kg/cm 2Stop heating, insulation is 30 minutes in this temperature range, and self pressure in relying on then jar is pressed into and has 200 liter Glacial acetic acid, and is cooled to below 20 ℃ in the oxidation tank, treats oxidation.
Two, oxidation
(1) specifications of raw materials, proportioning (liquid: liter; Solid: kilogram)
Material name specification proportioning charging capacity remarks
Glacial acetic acid industrial goods content 98% 2 200
Chromic anhydride industrial goods content 98% 0.42 42 is made into oxidation liquid
Sodium-acetate industrial goods 0.3 30 are made into oxidation liquid
Water tap water 0.8 80 is made into oxidation liquid
(2) technological operation:
Chromic anhydride, sodium-acetate, water are added the oxygenant preparing tank, stir, be cooled to behind the CL 5 ℃ standby.
Lysate is stirred, be cooled to 8 ℃, add the interior temperature of oxidation hydraulic control system, kept 20 minutes at 92 ± 6 ℃.
Three, hydrolysis
Oxidation liquid was heated to the first atmospheric pressure reflux of boiling after 30 minutes, reclaim under reduced pressure acetic acid 200 liters.
Four, extract
In extractor, add hexanaphthene 1000 liters, stir, hydrolyzed solution is pressed into extractor, stirred 15 minutes; Add 60 ℃ of hot water 500 liters, left standstill 50 minutes, divide the sub-cloud acid solution, with 60 ℃ of hot water agitator treatings of 400 liters, left standstill 30 minutes, branch vibration layer with 60 ℃ of washings of 400 liters once, left standstill branch vibration layer 30 minutes again.
Five, refining
Cyclohexane extract liquid is evaporated near doing, adding 10 liter ethanol reconcentration does near, so triplicate adds 82 liter ethanol (content is more than 94%), atmospheric pressure reflux 1.5 hours after near the doing, be cooled to 6 ± 2 ℃, it is centrifugal to put into whizzer, gets rid of near doing and washs several times with 5 ℃ of ethanol of 60 liters, and getting fusing point after the drying is 166 ℃ of diene alcohol ketone acetic ester elaboration, oven dry, control moisture content 0.5%.
Six, the processing of mother liquor and recovery
With a collection of whole suction mother liquor of centrifugal gained ethanol mother liquor treatment tank when refining, stir and add 2kg potassium hydroxide down, chuck is with 1.5kg/cm 2Steam-heated cal(l)andria, normal pressure reclaimed ethanol 30 minutes, was evaporated near doing, and was cooled to 50 ℃, respectively 300 liter hexanaphthenes, 15 liter methyl alcohol was added the mother liquor treatment tank, with 0.5kg/cm 2Be steam heated to backflow, atmospheric pressure reflux 30 minutes is cooled to 30 ℃, leaves standstill 3 hours, divides the sub-cloud methanol mother liquor, and upper strata cyclohexane extract liquid concentrating under reduced pressure reclaims hexanaphthene near dried, adds 5 liter methyl alcohol reconcentration and does near, is discharged in the dish standby after the cooling while hot.
166 ℃ of the first fusing points of gained diene alcohol ketone acetic ester, moisture content 0.5%, color and luster yellowish white, yield 66.5%(are benchmark with the diosgenin).

Claims (2)

1, a kind of improvement technology by the synthetic diene alcohol ketone acetic ester of diosgenin, this technology also are suitable for the synthetic diene alcohol ketone acetic ester of tigogenin, it is characterized in that:
(1) on type of heating, a reacting by heating pot bottom is not around the reacting by heating jar (wall);
(2) (in the reaction) heats up in diosgenin heating pyrolyze operation, and the Control essentials of insulation is:
A, the solvent temperature of diosgenin in acetic anhydride and Glacial acetic acid are controlled at 140~160 ℃, and keep under this temperature 20~45 minutes.
B, diosgenin are rapidly heated after all dissolving, and in 20~45 minutes temperature are risen to 205 ± 5 ℃;
C, at 205 ± 5 ℃, interior pressure is 5~6kg/cm 2(with the temperature is standard, is reference with pressure) keeps reaction 25~50 minutes;
The raw material of d, cracking operation and prescription: (liquid: liter; Solid: kilogram; )
The material name proportioning
Diosgenin 1
Acetic anhydride 1.5~1.6
Glacial acetic acid 0.5~0.6
Diene mother liquor 0.3~0.4.
2, in mother liquor processing and recovery process, use alkali metal hydroxide, preferably KOH handles mother liquor, uses the mixed extractant solvent mother liquor of methyl alcohol and hexanaphthene then, and proportioning is (liquid liter, solid: kilogram)
The material name proportioning
Mother liquor 1(refers to the diosgenin that feeds intake)
Alkali metal hydroxide 0.01~0.04
(being preferably potassium hydroxide)
Methyl alcohol 0.10~0.5
Hexanaphthene 2.0~4
Alkali metal hydroxide 0.01~0.04
(being preferably potassium hydroxide)
Methyl alcohol 0.10~0.5
Hexanaphthene 2.0~4
CN 87105226 1987-07-26 1987-07-26 Cracking of disgenin and new art of mother liquor recovery therefrom Expired - Fee Related CN1026181C (en)

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CN 87105226 CN1026181C (en) 1987-07-26 1987-07-26 Cracking of disgenin and new art of mother liquor recovery therefrom

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 87105226 CN1026181C (en) 1987-07-26 1987-07-26 Cracking of disgenin and new art of mother liquor recovery therefrom

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101942004A (en) * 2010-05-22 2011-01-12 竹溪县华驰医药化工有限责任公司 New process method for improving quality of diene by secondary saponification
CN103113448A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-05-22 湖北民生生物医药有限公司 Production method for synthesizing pregnenolone acetate from ticogenin
CN112279767A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-29 陕西嘉禾生物科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of diacerein

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5808117A (en) * 1996-01-22 1998-09-15 Chowdhury; Pritish Kumar Process for the production of 16-Dehydropregenolone acetate form diosgenin
CN1077894C (en) * 1999-09-03 2002-01-16 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Process for preparing dieneketonol acetate

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101942004A (en) * 2010-05-22 2011-01-12 竹溪县华驰医药化工有限责任公司 New process method for improving quality of diene by secondary saponification
CN103113448A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-05-22 湖北民生生物医药有限公司 Production method for synthesizing pregnenolone acetate from ticogenin
CN103113448B (en) * 2013-02-04 2016-05-11 湖北民生生物医药有限公司 A kind of production method by the synthetic pregnenolone acetate of tigogenin
CN112279767A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-29 陕西嘉禾生物科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of diacerein
CN112279767B (en) * 2020-10-29 2023-02-03 陕西嘉禾生物科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of diacerein

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