CN87103951A - Be used for the mixing arrangement that vertical mobile fluid-solid contacts - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of fluid mixer is used for vertical mobile fluid-solid contact tower, and this contact tower has a fluid inlet and at a fluid issuing of its opposite one end.Two or more different bed of particulate material, and flow through with fluid single-phase or two-phase in the course of the work.This mixing arrangement comprises a vertical flow masking and a bump cabin that is positioned at the shielding center.The bump cabin makes fluid course produce the eddy current impact, and immixture is improved.The fluid that leaves the bump cabin is by an outlet that comprises the central opening of shielding, and this central opening is connected with downstream one side of shielding, and provides flowing of a balance to be flowed out by the bump cabin.

Description

The field of relate generally to fluid-solid contact of the present invention.More precisely, the present invention relates to fluid mixed problem between the fine particle materials bed.The included scope of the present invention is single-phase or the mixing of two-phase fluid.

The liquid-solid contact arrangement is with a wide range of applications.This kind equipment obtains general application in the separatory adsorption tower of the transfer process of hydrocarbon and fluid components.When fluid-solid contacting apparatus is an adsorption tower, fine particle materials will comprise a kind of adsorbent, and fluid flows through by this adsorbent.In the conversion of hydrocarbon, fluid-solid contacting apparatus is a reactor that typically contains catalyst.Can finish hydrogenization, hydrotreatment, hydrocrack, hydrodealkylation etc. through typical hydrocarbon conversion reaction.

The setting of fluid-solid contacting apparatus of the present invention is a vertical elongated cylindrical shell, can keep the perpendicular flow of fluid by this cylindrical shell.Fine particle materials in this container is in several at the isolated reaction bed of vertical direction.Fluid enters container by at least one import and an outlet in its end, opposite.Fluid can up flow type or the downflow system reactor of flowing through.By adding between two fine grained beds or discharging fluid, also be that general people are known.When the component stream of fluid cross changing between the grain bed or transfer process at hydrocarbon in, then chilling system is used to cool stream and crosses fluid between each reaction bed, this also is the general method that adopts in the suction-operated scheme.

The flow through component and the changes of properties of fluid in fine grained district as long as these variations are to take place equably, just any problem can not occur.In adsorption system, these variations are results of the stop or the displacement of the fluid in adsorbent.Variation for temperature in the reaction system and fluid components all is because the pellet type catalyst material that is contained in reaction bed causes.

The initial mixing of fluid that enters reaction bed is bad, or the variation of passing the flow resistance of fine grained bed can cause flowing inhomogeneous by the fluid of these reaction beds.The variation of the fluid resistance by reaction bed can change the time of contact of fluid in fine grained, causes reaction or adsorbing inhomogeneities by the fluid course of reaction bed thus.When situation is serious, Here it is said liquid stateization channel (channeling), fluid is crossed a limited portion of reaction bed in this channel, can flow into a tiny open area that does not in fact have flow resistance.When channel took place, the part of the fluid by reaction bed will contact very little with the thin particulate matter of reaction bed.If this process is one of suction-operated, the fluid in the channel district that then flows through can not be absorbed, and thus, change the component of this part fluid with respect to the other parts fluid of those adsorbent beds of flowing through.For catalyst reaction, the minimizing of catalyst time of contact, the component of leaving the fluid that is produced on the different parts of catalyst bed when fluid also will be changed.

Except the problem of fluid components, thin inhomogeneities in reaction bed also can influence density and the temperature by the fluid of this reaction bed.For many separation processes, the component with displacement that keeps in fluid has different density, and this will impel the destruction of the flow model of reaction bed.Contact the further change of fluid density that will be by the reaction bed that causes flowing through with absorbent particles inhomogeneous, make problem even more serious, and the flow model when making fluid by grain bed a bit is subjected to further destruction.

In reaction zone, because the difference of the neither endothermic nor exothermic characteristic of this system, variation of temperature is accompanied by the inhomogeneities of catalyst contact through regular meeting.For the inhomogeneous contact of catalyst, because reactant overheated or cold excessively, will be to the injurious effects that produce of course of reaction.This problem is the most serious in exothermic reaction, can be in higher temperature like that and can further cause the reaction of the raw material sent into or the component of other fluid to produce non-desired product or can cause hot localised points, these focuses will damage catalyst and/or mechanical part.

So in order to reduce the problem with the variation parties concerned of fluid by bed of particulate material, the reprocessing of fluid has been combined in the many kinds of courses of reaction between different catalyst or the adsorbent bed.Be used to collect and again mixed flow cross a series of grain beds the device of a part of fluid as at United States Patent (USP) 3,652, No. 450 and 4,087, shown in No. 252.In these lists of references, the mixing again of fluid is to carry out together with second kind of fluid in the zone of sneaking in addition between two reaction beds.In these lists of references, the mixing of flowing through fluid between each reaction bed and the fluid that adds considered meticulously at many, within the lower boundary of top reaction bed or within the coboundary of bottom reaction bed or carry out in the some mixing chambers between the two at them.

In No. 3,824,080, the United States Patent (USP) of Si Mishi (Smith), disclosed a kind of internal reaction device structure and be used for mixture and flow through fluid between each reaction bed, and these fluids are irrelevant with the second kind of fluid that adds in this zone.This Si Mishi equipment is collected and is flowed into a kind of mixed phase fluid between the grain bed, and this grain bed is the horizontal section head piece with band central opening (being used to fluid is passed through between the reaction bed).This central opening has a fluid diverter device, and all vapor streams of this device guiding are crossed the top of reative cell and all liquid flows into through the side.In the invention of Si Mishi, steam and liquid clash into orthogonally, play decomposite effect thus.Decomposite steam of process and liquid flow through the opening part of flow controller, and it contacts with a series of flow controllers of other level, so that the grain bed that evenly flows through the downstream of a fluid is provided.

Henry is 3,598, No. 541 instructions of United States Patent (USP) of people such as Mo Si (Hennemuth et al): the mixing of flowing through between each bed of particulate material again of fluid is by the direct bump of quench fluid that adds in the Mixed Zone is realized.Mix in a central space, all fluids all pass through this central space.This central space comprises an annular region of being determined by two vertical cylindrical shells.The some holes of fluid by the horizontal direction setting of flowing through between the reaction bed enter, and quench fluid enters inner core through the hole of horizontal direction setting.The lower end of annular Mixed Zone is connected with the granulomere, downstream, so that fluid-mixing passes through.

The mixing of the various fluids between the reaction bed that an object of the present invention is to improve granular materials disclosed herein.Another object of the present invention is to make the fluid that flows through between the reaction bed reach mixing, and and the second kind of fluid that adds in the zone between the grain bed irrelevant.A further object of the invention provides the mixing that a simple device is used to reach the fluid between the reaction bed, and this mixing is easy to carry out in the space of a minimum between each grain bed.

Therefore, one embodiment of the invention comprise that a fluid mixing chamber is in order to have fluid inlet and a vertical mobile fluid-solid contactor and two or more discrete bed of particulate material of keeping apart in vertical direction of fluid outlet are arranged in its end, opposite.

In a more particular embodiment, the mixing chamber of fluid comprises a vertical flow barrier between two grain beds, and perimeter and at least one central opening of atresia are used to flow through two fluids between the zone basically to have one; A fluid impact freight space is in the center of above-mentioned barrier, this cabin has vertical sidewall and has two identical openings that enter on it at least, the size restrictions of this opening is to make it can produce a fluid jet, this opening is connected with the upstream extremity of described barrier, so that the fluid that acceptance is stopped by barrier, the setting of the vertical sidewall in cabin will be able to make the projection of all inlet openings longitudinal center lines all be in the public horizontal plane and be crossing on the point of a preliminary election, concentrate on each and enter on the equidistant central point of opening so that cause entering the fluid in bump cabin, and in the stream range of fluid; Have a fluid issuing from the bump cabin at least, more greatly, this outlet is connected with the downstream of barrier than the area summation that respectively enters opening for the area of this outlet, and provides the mobile of a balance for the downstream area of barrier; There is fluid that a device is used to transmit equivalent to flow to each at the upstream extremity of above-mentioned barrier and enters opening from the periphery of barrier; Be used to redistribute fluid is flow through grain bed by the outlet in bump cabin downstream with a device.

The more embodiment of limitation of the present invention comprises that various device is used to apply, and distributes; Collect or discharge those and enter or discharge the special device or the structure of collecting barrier in the fluid and the fluid between grain bed and bump cabin in bump cabin.

So in its broad aspect, the present invention is devoted to be arranged on whole the flowing that the hydrid component of central part is used to accept flow into the fluid of downstream bed.The effect of this hydrid component is the mixing completely of fluid, and the fluid that will mix with the state flow of balance to the downstream of grain bed, so that promote the reallocation of fluid.The mixing of fluid is obtained by the structure of Mixed Zone basically.Imported mutually at the jet of this zone inner fluid with equivalent, turbulization thus, turbulent flow will promote mixing strong in the Mixed Zone, and the fluid effluent of an even component is provided.An important part so then of the present invention provides a kind of device and is used to guide the fluid with the equivalent jet to import mutually, strengthens turbulent flow in the mixed process so that make.Consider that this conceives substantially, other purpose of the present invention, embodiment and advantage will be clearly to those people that have the knack of this professional technique by following specific descriptions.

Fig. 1 is the elevation view that the partial cutaway of vertical mobile contact tower of the present invention is shown, this contact tower has multistage catalyst bed and the mixing arrangement between each grain bed;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of a mixing arrangement taking off on the support by the internals of the contact tower among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the part elevational view that the band partial cutaway is shown a downflow reactor of part, shows an embodiment of more limiting to of mixing chamber, and this mixing chamber has many parallel passages and is used to collect the fluid that flows through a rectangle Mixed Zone;

Fig. 4 is the plane that expression is used for the channel-type gathering system of the Mixed Zone shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is that a perspective view is in order to show the Mixed Zone in channel part among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

As mentioned above, the present invention relates to fluid mixer between a kind of grain bed in fluid-solid contacting apparatus.Primary element of the present invention comprises an airtight container, and one or more bed of particulate material, this grain bed are located in the isolated zone of vertical direction and the mixing chamber between each bed of particulate material.The present invention itself belongs to the special setting of mixing chamber and member therein.To in the mixing chamber and understanding more completely of the correlation between the various elements in the vertical mobile tower can be by obtaining with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Specifically with reference to figure 1, this cuts open the elevation view that shows and shows contact tower 1, has a fluid on it and enters nozzle and be positioned at the top of tower and the bottom that fluid issuing is positioned at tower.What be positioned at reative cell is the zone 2,12 and 14 of levels of catalysts.

Each grain bed is made of particle, and this particle can be a pill, cylindrical or shape that other squeezes out.The actual performance of particle will depend on the mechanism that realizes in airtight container.In general, the indication particle should comprise adsorbent or catalyst here.At each is one deck supporting material 3 above the grain bed, and this supporting material is used for particle is pushed down and strengthened the flow distribution of entire reaction bed.This supporting material (be often to adopt, but be not stock) normally has the inert substance of regular shape by ceramic bead or other.Supporting material 4 also often is used to place the following of grain bed so that stop catalyst granules to be used to limit the lower limits of grain bed by a template with holes or this element of shielding element 5() move.The supporting material of catalyst bed bottom in shape be the same all on constituting with supporting material above the reaction bed.

Between each reaction bed is that fluid is collected and the Mixed Zone.Be close to and be provided with fluid collecting region 6 below the particle holding plate 5.This fluid collecting region can make the conveying of fluid enter bump cabin 7 by barricade 8.As shown in Figure 1, collecting region can be made of the space of a sky, so that allow fluid flow in the horizontal direction.But in conjunction with Fig. 3, during 4 and 5 further discuss in detail, this collecting region can form an integral body with barricade 8, so that make each element that limit fluid flows also can guide fluid to enter the bump cabin.Therefore, fluid collection device is not the restriction that is subjected to a certain structure, but considers that fluid leads to any means in bump cabin.In its simplest structural shape, this flow masking plate 8 will comprise a dull and stereotyped installation and be sealed on the sidewall of contact tower that this flat board has a central opening, and bump cabin 7 is by this central opening setting.But this barricade can take the shape of any requirement so that it except allowing the opening by the bump cabin, stops fluid to flow through on any position.It is to consider that the granular materials by various differential responses beds is often unloaded by the various grain beds of laying by container bottom that shielding or baffle plate are used to stop the restriction that fluid flows.In order to finish this unloading, some vertical conduits normally are set, in the grid between each reaction bed so that form by the passage of a bed, so as to from contact tower, discharging to the granular materials of next bed.Containing several such conduits in the shielding is in design scope of the present invention.These conduits normally opening but fill with inertia supporting material recited above.So more much bigger than the resistance of above-mentioned bump cabin and gathering system by the resistance of these conduit fluid flow, the amount that final result is a fluid by these conduits will be lower than 5% of the mobile total amount of fluid between each reaction bed.

This clashes into the cabin, and (following also will introduce in more detail) accepts fluid by collection space 6, after fully mixing, so that it is another space 10 below this barricade by barricade 8, redistributes by this space convection cell.Again in the simplest structural shape, this redistributes the district is a simple space between the catalyst bed top in the outlet in bump cabin and its downstream.But, comprise other device as baffle plate, flow diverters or steam-liquid frid also is possible so that the fluid that the catalyst bed top in downstream is flow through in further help is redistributed.The district demonstrates a nozzle in 10 and a pipe-line system 9 is used for adding fluid or discharging fluid to contact tower redistributing.In separation process, this nozzle can be used for adding selectively or discharging the fluid of various components.To the reactor of downflow system, the specific use of this nozzle is to add quenching medium so that the reaction medium that enters next catalyst bed is cooled off.Nozzle shown in Figure 1 and pipe-line system be arranged on barricade 8 below; And nozzle and pipe-line system be arranged on barricade 8 above, and may be arranged on the topmost of catalyst bed in downstream or the foot that is placed on the catalyst bed of upstream all belongs in the design scope of the present invention.Mixed fluid enters next bed of particulate material, by this bed of particulate material, before leaving contact tower by a suitable outlet, can continue mixed zone again and each bed of particulate material by subsequently.

Fig. 2 shows the embodiment in a bump cabin.This bump cabin is by having two two sidewalls that enter opening 16 and 17; A braid fabric outlet 20 is positioned at the bottom; Two sidewalls 18 and 19 compositions of the top board 15 of an atresia and atresia.This bump cabin is that any concrete shape is not added restriction.For example clash into the cabin can by one on the side the vertical cylindrical shell with several imports and an outlet at bottom constitute.But to have some general size restrictions, will be elaborated below.The basic function in bump cabin is to providing uniform mixing by the fluid between each bed of particulate material.By to definite direction of entering opening 16 and 17 and size to reach so even mixing.The fluid that enters by each opening of determining to make of these opening sizes forms a jet or a concentrated runner.The setting of entrance location will make fluid jet clash into the direction that faces toward mutually on the central point in bump cabin.Only demonstrate two among Fig. 2 and enter opening, but can be provided with more than two enter the form setting of opening with symmetry, the impact of their jets on all directions has all been mutually offsetted.The perpendicular positioning that enters opening also is very important for purposes of the invention.All imports all should be arranged on the sustained height.This equal altitudes is for providing the constant speed stroke speed of not being with unbalanced component necessary.At last, about vpg connection, be there is no need and to make round enter opening.To the basic demand that enters opening only is to limit its sectional dimension, so that form desired fluid jet.

Obviously, number of openings and size can determine the length of fluid jet to any given pressure general who has surrendered who passes through the bump cabin.But, owing to wish that usually the pressure that reduces in vertical mobile tower falls, the actual length of considering limit injection stream.Known as the personnel to this professional domain: promptly to fall be the function of fluid velocity and average fluid density to pressure.Jet length and all be to be familiar with these professional personnel to know already by the various computational methods that an opening perhaps pressure of a plurality of openings falls.Should make its speed in 4.6 to 15.2 meter per second scopes for the definite of applied most its opening sizes of fluid of the present invention.The size of mixing chamber must make its jet that guarantees fluid impact mutually so that fluid is mixed fully with enough speed.So, any enter opening and the bump cabin central point between distance must be no more than 60% of jet computational length.Like this, then the length or the diameter that will determine to clash into the cabin with the consideration of jet length fallen in pressure.

Though the bump cabin of Any shape can be used, only having two bump square or rectangle cabins that enter opening is particularly suitables, is owing to its simplification and applicability to following described passage gathering-device.When bump only had the opening of two circles in the cabin, then the ultimate range between two openings should not surpass six times that enter opening diameter, is preferably less than three times and enters opening diameter.Reducing two intervals between the import will impel the increase eddy current and promote mixing preferably.Certain two some distances that enters between opening must be kept.Minimum range needs to consider, so that have enough outlet opening areas but also will keep the necessary length width ratio that is used to clash into the cabin.

In addition, in order to increase eddy current or mixing, the whole height of mixed cabin should be no more than four times of the vertical direction size that enters opening.Similarly, in order to prevent the stagnant wake to occur in rectangular configuration, the width in bump cabin also should be limited in four times of the horizontal direction size that enters opening.When the bump cabin is under the circular vertical cylindrical shell situation about constituting with the cross-sectional area, no matter to entering opening and restriction at interval or, can controlling the diameter in bump cabin to the restriction of Breadth Maximum.

Referring again to Fig. 2, an outlet opening 20 is contained in the bump cabin at least.Total be exactly will surpass the cross-sectional area that enters opening to its cross-sectional area of opening of most important restriction of outlet opening.The jet that makes fluid forms in each import department in bump cabin, and that yes is necessary for this respect.About speed, usually desired is the design of muzzle velocity, makes this speed surpass 4.6 meter per seconds and preferably is lower than 3 meter per seconds.Although any restriction is unnecessary to the shape of whole outlet, its opening can be with the wire type as shown in Figure 2, or porous plate or braid fabric.These, block granular materials or reduce because the eddy current of some fluid mixes the foam that is produced often in order to improve flow distribution the restriction of outlet.The position of outlet opening is unrestricted beyond the bump cabin in addition, and in fact outlet opening can be many openings.One or several outlet opening can be arranged on any sidewall in bump cabin, and this cabin is to be connected with the downstream part of mixing chamber, so long as this opening or these openings just can with the center line symmetry in bump cabin.Unique restriction for one or more outlet openings is symmetrical so that the fluid that will come out from the bump cabin is in the mobile downstream grain bed of sending into of poised state to the position of downstream bed exactly.In this case, convection cell is favourable in the material bed redistribution of whole particle.

Though Fig. 1 shows the equipment as downflow reactor, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction by the single flow direction of this reaction tower.In a updraft reactor, its import must be connected with following grain bed, and turn around in the bump cabin, redistributes the zone so that make the outlet in bump cabin lead to a top.Mixing chamber so then of the present invention can be used for up flow type or downflow system structural design equally.

As pointed in prior art, many middle mixing arrangements adopt the integral part of an other external fluid as the married operation process.On the contrary, this device plays a role by making the mixing of its convection cell between each bed of particulate material without any need for the fluid that adds.Advantage of the present invention like this is: for providing good mixing by the fluid between each grain bed, do not add in addition or the discharge fluid and want.Another advantage of the present invention is that the overall structure in bump cabin is simple and compact.These characteristics might match it with mixing chamber of the present invention so that in the space between existing a plurality of grain bed of packing into and do not need the internal structure of contact area is enlarged.

Except the bump cabin, other member of mixing chamber comprises distributor noted earlier, supporting material, barricade, and grid.The design decision of these members is in many factors.Have in these factors: the pressure that allows in the equipment falls, by the component of the fluid between each grain bed, and the condition of work in contact area.In addition, be to flow through the steam between each grain bed or the amount of liquid and will determine the pattern of needed shielding to a great extent, mutually by entering and the size of outlet opening and suitable redistribution device of shielding for mixed.What other consideration will influence the overall dimension of mixing chamber and structure is a quencher that adds.The arrangement of chilling distribution system and control need be in the mixed zone other space.Certainly, the factor of being mentioned is not got rid of the consideration of a series of mechanical aspects and processing procedure aspect at all here, and that will be included in the design of mixing chamber.But the consideration of this class problem is known being familiar with these professional personnel, does not need to describe in detail again.

Mixing arrangement of the present invention is to be specially adapted to downflow reactor and to cooperate with a filter screen or the barricade be made up of series of passages.This reactor is used to finish hydrogenization, hydrotreatment, and hydrocrack and hydrodealkylation are well suited for.When finishing exothermic reaction,, normally quench stream is put between the catalyst bed to control the temperature of various reactants such as hydrotreatment and hydrocrack.The mechanism of mixed zone (irrelevant with quench stream provided by the present invention) is particularly suitable to the reaction of this class heat release.When catalyst along with its passivation that takes place in the reaction zone continuous action, the amount of chilling agent and temperature, (this chilling agent contains hydrogen usually) must reduce.Be used for chilling the cooling requirement reduce that those can cause many problems so that cooling agent to be provided as the occasion of the part of immixture in the mixed zone again.In this system, often need to change the temperature of cooling agent so that reach and reduce cooling purpose, simultaneously, in a mixed zone, still to keep the suitable liquid volume of a quenching medium that adds.Because the adding of chilling agent in the present invention has nothing to do with the bump cabin, the amount that changes the chilling agent will can not produce much influences to the mixing of reactant.

Yet the good mixing that obtains chilling agent runner and reactant also is very important.Like this then in the time might obtaining the suitable mixing of chilling agent by a pipeline distribution system that is positioned at bump downstream, cabin, the upstream that chilling agent distribution system is arranged on the bump cabin is particularly advantageous.Chilling agent runner is arranged on the front of clashing into the cabin, has twice chance that quenching medium is mixed mutually with reactant.Mix for the first time of quenching medium occurring on the first distributing point that the chilling agent enters reactant, and mix again be when chilling agent and stream of reactants when clashing into the cabin.

Notice can be turned to Fig. 3 now, 4 and 5, the special sub-assembly of one of them chilling system, vertical flow masking and bump cabin are with the appropriate cooperation downflow reactor of packing into.In the present embodiment, provide one by overall flow conceptual scheme shown in Figure 1.Like this, reactant enters a vertical elongated reactor, and flow through some catalyst beds and middle mixing chamber.Referring now to Fig. 3,, the concrete structure of mixing portion in the middle of showing among the figure.

In this device, reactant flows downward by catalyst bed, and meanwhile quenching medium is applied to nozzle 23 and distributes on the lower section of whole catalyst bed is long-pending by pipeline distribution systems 24.By supporting material 25, this supporting material is laid on the braid fabric 21 reactant continuously.After passing through filter screen, reactant and quenching medium are collected in the parallel channels 27,61 and 62 of serial connection, and this passage is to be provided with in the horizontal direction and to open towards the top of catalyst bed.Fluid from outside passage 27 begins conveying and enters central passage 62 by center-aisle 61, and course of conveying is by the conduit 28 and 29 that fluid flows between passage and passage is realized.By the bump cabin as shown in Figure 4 central passage 62 separated into two parts.For the every limit to the bump cabin provides the fluid of equivalent, adopts four conduits so that the fluid of flow is provided etc. to every limit of clashing into the cabin.After fluid leaves the outlet in bump cabin, enter and redistribute district 40, steam and liquid are redistributed on the whole area in lower catalyst bed in this distribution district.For steam and the flow channel for liquids that promotes to mix distributes preferably, a vapour liq redistributor frid 51 is arranged on the top of lower catalyst bed.The various types of these frids is very clearly for being familiar with these professional personnel, and comprises level trough plate portion 51 and the vertical conduit 50 that is placed in one.Also have a top cover in this conduit, the V-shaped groove opening is used to accept the lateral parts of steam and porous at an upper portion thereof near the passage of last frid surface as liquid.By vapour liq redistributor frid, this fluid enters another open area 52, can further redistribute in this zone.Flow through one deck supporting material 53 and continuing of fluid then by next catalyst bed 54.

Understanding more completely to collection channel and the device that clashes into the cabin can reach by Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 is a plane that shows these device internal structures.The two ends of passage have dividing plate, and the wheel profile of these dividing plates and shell of tank is complementary.Collected outside space 27 can be connected by the inside passage of a single conduit 28 and the next one.The design that is attached at the conduit on the passage all will be satisfied the requirement of the minimum pressure drop.Fluid maximal rate by conduit 28 and 29 should not surpass 4.6 meter per seconds, and preferably is lower than 3 meter per seconds.Be collected in fluid in the center-aisle 61 together with the centre gangway 62 of being flowed through by the fluid of external channel 27, this passage comprises bump cabin 30.It is to provide isopyknic fluid with the state of symmetry towards the both sides in bump cabin that fluid is imported into centre gangway.Fig. 4 also demonstrates vertical conduit 55, and this conduit all is to be used for unloading by the next catalyst of reactor recited above.

Fig. 5 represents to be arranged on the bump cabin in the centre gangway 62.By can clearly be seen that among the figure, bump cabin and the passage on three sides 56,57 and 58 form an integral body.The parts that a porous is contained in these sides are positioned at the zone of clashing into the cabin, and these parts are as the outlet of the fluid that mixed.The limit 59 and 63 on two opposites has one to enter opening 60(is circle hole shape in this specific embodiment); The height of opening all is lower than the degree of depth of passage.The height of this reduction makes the additional fluid can be by the top in bump cabin, and it is used for compensator fluid and flows to any imbalance of import.But it also is possible being provided with that some each end plates that enter opening get up the area of section locking of passage fully.

Present embodiment is not to mean that passage of restriction can constitute the mode of an integral body with the bump cabin.Bump of the present invention cabin and passage can be incorporated in any amount of device.Other possibility comprises having and leads to direction or the employing that bump cabin inlet channel flows into and the passage main shaft is perpendicular and have the even-numbered channels that is arranged on two bump cabins between the centre gangway.

Can be readily appreciated that the economic worth of the internal structure of device shown in Figure 3 to those technical staff that are familiar with the internal structure of reactor.At first be the collection channel of fluid, this passage also constitutes shielding or the baffle plate vertical stream that is used to flow all is the space of tightening and need vertical direction hardly in reactor.In addition, these passages have a support flange part 42 in case with many parallel support columns 26 match (this support column normally is used for the support catalyst bed) be easy to make.And the bump cabin does not need to increase in addition the space, and it can be arranged in the centre gangway easily.The setting of passage gathering system also is good, this system not with the chilling distribution system in the interference of the top of support column.Like this, then no matter place the reactor of downflow system or be more typically the fluid-solid contact tower that places perpendicular flow, collection channel and bump cabin provide unique benefit to middle Mixed Zone.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of fluid mixer is used for the fluid-solid contact tower of perpendicular flow, this contact tower has a fluid inlet and at least at a fluid issuing of the end on its opposite, two or more at the isolated bed of particulate material of vertical direction, described mixing chamber comprises:

A) flow masking plate, be used for preventing basically that the vertical direction of fluid between any two reaction beds that get close to from flowing, external area and at least one central opening that this flow masking plate has an atresia are used to make the fluid between each reaction bed to pass through;

B) a fluid impact freight space is in the center of above-mentioned barricade, it has and contains two identical vertical sidewalls that enter opening at least, this enters opening and is connected with the upstream extremity of barricade, the fluid that is used to accept to block by barricade flows in the bump cabin, above-mentioned each sidewall and the setting that enters opening, the projection of the longitudinal center line of all imports is in the public horizontal plane, and on a previously selected point, intersect, enter on the equidistant central point of opening so that the fluid that enters the bump cabin will be concentrated on all, the length that the above-mentioned size that enters opening will be restricted to the fluid jet that makes its generation will equal to enter the distance of opening to central point at least; And has an outlet opening at least, it comprises the central opening of an above-mentioned barricade, this central opening has one and enters the aperture area of the area summation of opening greater than all, this central opening is connected with the downstream of above-mentioned barricade, and the flowing towards the catchment that shields of a balance is provided;

C) device of the described barricade upstream one side fluid that is used to transmit equivalent flows to each by the periphery of shielding and enters opening;

D) a kind of device is used for and will redistributes facing to whole downstream grain bed from the fluid of bump cabin outlet.

2, device as claimed in claim 1, the outlet that it is characterized in that clashing into the cabin be by porous plate, the forming metal silk, or screen material constitutes.

3, device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that clashing into the cabin is rectangle basically, it has several circles and enters opening and be arranged on two opposing vertical sidewalls and several outlet openings are arranged on any one of other two side.

4, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described transmission and redistributes device by on barricade and the particle zone, and the free space between the lower boundary is formed.

5, device as claimed in claim 1, the size that enters opening that it is characterized in that described bump cabin will satisfy its inflow velocity in 4.6 to 15.2 meter per second scopes, and the size of outlet opening in bump cabin will satisfy its maximal rate and is lower than 4.6 meter per seconds.

6, device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that two relative distances that enter between the opening should be not more than six times that enter opening diameter.

7, device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that clashing into the cabin and should not surpass three times that enter opening diameter perpendicular to the full-size that enters open centre line direction.

8, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described barricade comprises the recessed particle upstream of the parallel passage of many openings zone, and links up by conduit, carries so that fluid is collected in this passage and towards the bump cabin.

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