CN87103440A - The method and apparatus of hydrogen cyanide and nitric oxide concentration in the control smoke from cigarette - Google Patents

Abstract

Adopt conventional filtering rod manufacturing installation to make method through chemically treated cigarette filter elements, the base-material of filter element wherein is with the modifier component and the glyceryl triacetate solution-treated that contain a kind of or number of substances in sodium acid carbonate, potassium permanganate and the manganese dioxide.Modifier component can be the aqueous dispersions of the dibasic acid esters of the monoesters of polyoxyalkylene derivative, polyhydroxy-alcohol of sorbitan fatty acid esters or polyhydroxy-alcohol, or the aqueous dispersions of described mixture of dispersing agents.

Description

The present invention relates to the preparation method of the chemical treatment filter element that the selective filter smoke from cigarette uses.

The fiber base filter element is well-known, has been used for cigarette manufacture industry at least 40 years.Although placeing goods on trial sale the mixture of various synthetic fibers and fiber on the market, and estimating, still containing cellulose acetate base fiber in most of cigarette filter elements.

Synthetic fibers particularly resemble the polyolefine fiber of polypropylene and so on, are controlled to the littler fiber of dawn number easily than cellulose acetate base fiber, thereby have better filtering function and can not lose simultaneously and curl and the required intensity of high-speed production.Yet these fibers also have shortcoming.Mainly be that base-material inertia such as fibre bundle shredding or that unclamp are bigger, be difficult for by most of adhesive/plasticizer or other hydrophilic modifier component institute moistening or softening.

Increase chemical active ingredient and caused all difficulties, as influence the base-material characteristic, skewness, and the correlation between the dimensional stability of filter element function and filter element, elasticity and the hardness with the selective filter of realizing smoke from cigarette.Confirmed already, the base-material that contains polyolefine fiber (being fibre bundle and ribbon) in the feeding filtering rod manufacturing installation, to fall (draw resistance) and dimensional stability be that pass between the hardness fastens at the pressure of filter element is suitable contradiction.In addition, in the polyolefin of dipping or other the synthetic base-material filtering rod manufacturing equipment conventional the time with feeding at a high speed, also usually be difficult to avoid stopping up, especially in coating material or when adding a large amount of modifier component such as adhesive, wetting agent, aromatic, medicament, absorbent, adsorbent on it especially like this.Some reasons are owing to used many compositions of additives in the cigarette filter bar manufacturing process, lack inherent greasy property.

For example, United States Patent (USP) 3,428,056 points out, the interpolation water-soluble inorganic salt can be removed the hydrogen cyanide in the smoke from cigarette effectively, but can cause the inhomogeneous and poor filtration effect of powder distribution.This patent attempts to solve above-listed problem with following polyolefin powder, be to have coated inorganic salts on these polyolefin powders, as sodium carbonate and potash, they are vibrated on the cellulose acetate fibre bundle of crossing with glyceryl triacetate and so on adhesive treatment, and compacted then winding becomes filtering rod.

According to manufacturing of the present invention in the method for chemically treated cigarette filter elements, use with the base-material that contains polyolefin or cellulose acetate or these two kinds of base-materials in conjunction with as the coating material, and make cigarette filter elements with conventional filtration bar manufacturing installation, this filter element is handled through the aqueous solution or the alcoholic solution of sodium carbonate isoreactivity modifier component and glyceryl triacetate, method is characterised in that, contain sodium acid carbonate in the modifier component, sodium carbonate, a kind of non-ionic solution of or number of substances in potassium permanganate and the manganese dioxide, the dispersion liquid of non-ionic solution or also contain polyoxyalkylene derivative as the sorbitan fatty acid esters of water dispersant, one ester or the diester of polyhydroxy-alcohol, or contain the dispersion liquid of the mixture of these dispersants, and this non-ionic solution or dispersion liquid can be coated onto on the whole base-materials or part base-material that coat material.

Above-mentioned non-ionic solution or dispersion liquid are meant the nonionic of often saying in the art " spinning solution ".

The amount of the modifier component that is adopted preferably is about the 2%-10% of dried filtering rod weight, and the amount of glyceryl triacetate is about the 1%-10% of dried filtering rod weight.

In the nonionic spinning solution, contained surfactant is preferably ethoxy compound, carboxylate, glyceride, the polyethylene glycol oxide ester, sorbitan ester, ethoxylation dehydrated sorbitol ester, ethoxylation natural fat, oil and wax, the glycol ester of aliphatic acid, the polyoxyethylene fatty acid acid amides, polyalkylene oxide block copolymer, and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer.

According to method of the present invention, used base-material can be usually as the fibre-bearing that coats material or the composition of fibrillation film in the filtering rod manufacturing installation, comprise (a) fibre bundle, (b) ribbon, (c) non-woven fabric band or (d) fibrillation membrane fiber net, it can be introduced separately into or insert coating unit after regulating fully or partly regulating.

Coating material among the present invention can comprise easily up to four kinds of base-material compositions, and required active component, they preferably are coated onto respectively on the one or both sides of selected base-material, and the mode of treated side and number depend on the desired filter effect of filter tip, taste, sensation, hardness and suction.

Coat material in place manufacturing (promptly directly placing the upstream of coating unit), still stored through producing with preceding, generally be inessential, and find, one or more supatex fabric of using fibre composition of the same race and same fiber number or different fibre composition and different fiber numbers all are useful, particularly when be not all base-materials when all being used as the carrier of active modifier composition of regulation or sorbent surface especially like this.

When supatex fabric is used as the base-material composition that coats material, it generally comprises up to about 100%, be preferably 10%-100%(weight) polyolefin (single, double or three components) fiber, it generally is a polypropylene fibre, or can form by having the fleece that mixes the fiber number long filament, or combine by following fiber and to form: (a) polypropylene, polyethylene, polypropylene/polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene/cellulose acetate, polypropylene/artificial silk, polypropylene/nylon, cellulose acetate/polyethylene, the plasticising cellulose acetate, polypropylene/paper; Or (b) polypropylene/polystyrene/polyethylene etc., its preferred ratio is about (a) 10%-90%/90%-10% by fibre weight, or (b) 10-90%/45%-5%/45%-5%.

Can be by the composition that adopts usually in the art, the suitable fibrillation film of the base-material of coating material of the present invention is made in acquisition, and this fibrillation film can use separately or be used as the base-material composition with other base-material composition.

Be applicable to the object of the invention conventional filtration bar manufacturing installation,, can comprise tow conduit, coating unit, building mortion, winding device and cutter sweep according to general described parts and technical process in this area.Yet, if desired, also can adjust, as can be on the spot or, before filter core forms, coat one or more modifier component, but this step is preferably in and carries out before its stretches through coating unit in advance with spraying, dipping, brushing or other traditional method.Polyolefin base material gave processing by corona discharge or plasma discharge before being coated with the active modifier composition.

Use other example, it is standby also can to make ribbon or other base-material wrapped, method is to use the continuous dip-coating of sending here from the storage tank that contains required active component of material or be coated with brush roll with one or a few to contact, then through conventional drying steps such as niproll, heat drying roller, bakers, baking temperature generally is about 70-125 ℃.

In general, with the known technology of this area, can obtain the dawn to count the fiber non-woven material of wider range.The weight range of this material preferably is about 10-50 gram/rice ², the about 4-12 inch of bandwidth can guarantee successfully that generally it is with the coating unit of speed of production by conventional filtration bar process units.

As mentioned above, coat material and can comprise that the weight of these compositions, size, caking property, absorbability, fibre fractionation and dawn number can be identical or different up to about 4 kinds or more kinds of base-material composition, can all or part of ground warp adjusting passing through coating unit.

Yet, in order to obtain better result, have been found that, regulate with a kind of supatex fabric, or the lighter hot adhesion fabric, tow, ribbon or the fibrillation film that are clipped between two kinds of supatex fabric have the pliability of height, can make the filter element of making be fit to the market demand of each side, comprise cost, filter suction property and hardness parameter etc.

Add low melt fiber (as polyethylene) and other polyolefine fiber in the coating material, adhesive property and liquid absorb or the bigger tow filter core of absorption property excursion is valuable (though not necessarily) for obtaining.

Also can use some complementary elements, as solution, emulsion, suspension or the dispersion liquid of following one or more materials: be the wetting agent of representative with the polyalcohol, as glycerine, ethylene glycol; Flavor enhancement or spices as ketose and polysaccharide, comprise wintergreen, peppermint oil, peppermint, cinnamon oil, fruit flavor etc.; Other additive in this area; Medicine is as menthol, decongestant etc.

For purpose of the present invention, but the operating weight scope is a 25-90 gram/rice ²About bag core paper webbing that will handle or that the do not add processing winding in addition of (if desired, also can be higher).

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention is further described.Accompanying drawing 1 illustrates the conventional cigarette filter bar manufacturing installation through repacking, and it can make filter element with the base-material that makes by the present invention.Fig. 2-4 illustrates the further modification and the improvement of the inventive method, thereby make one or more non-woven bands or other base-material regulating or partly regulated, infilter one or more active modifier compositions by spraying or dipping method easily, and, improve resistance to pressure or hardness by using multiple base-material that the bulk density of filter element is increased.

Fig. 1 illustrates a single Shu Lianxu base-material, as the fibre bundle ribbon, fibrillating film or non-woven fabric belt (10), by reinforced axle (11) or feeding of material bag (not shown) and fog-spray nozzle (20), make base-material coat various active modifier compositions (22) by linking to each other with external source (not shown) charge line (21).With the air dry-set (not shown) with by dryer roll (12) treated base-material (10) is dried to required degree then, use deflector roll (17) that it is imported the coating unit conduit (15) and the coating unit (14) of cigarette filter bar manufacturing installation (1) again, device (1) comprises covered section (2), winding device and filter core or the filter bar of wrapping is cut into the cutter sweep of filter element (16) that covered section (2) comprises the shaping and the holding device of (but not shown) base-material; The winding device can be supplied with the tow bag by the package axle (5) of backing roll (19) supporting easily, and moves on the continuous coating band (3) of introducing this device (1).

Aforesaid device comprises conventional sealing device, the tow of sealed packet outside the filter core (not shown), filter core is cut into cylinder shape filtering element (16) (length is generally 90 millimeters) by cutter sweep, and hermetically sealed then bag filter core tow is discharged into container (23) by filter element unloading pipe (18) (representing with incomplete figure).

Fig. 2 illustrates respectively and applies specifically arranging of bioactive agent composition on material or the base-material to coating, arrange by this, fog-spray nozzle (20A) by charge line (21A) feed that links to each other is to different base-material (10A, 10B) go up the identical or different active modifier composition (22A) of spraying, material is through regulating, with air and warm-up mill (12A) drying, the coating unit of bar manufacturing installation (1A) after filtration forms above-mentioned filter element (16A) then.Base-material (10A and 10B) by material roller (11A) and (11B) or to add the material package (not shown) reinforced, and the heating clamping nip rolls (12A) locate to regulate easily, import coating unit (14A) by deflector roll (17A) then, the identical Arabic numerals among Fig. 1-3 on each figure are represented identical coating material or base-material composition.

Fig. 3 illustrates the further variation of the method for Fig. 1,2 configuration, from several identical or different type (10C that expects that axle or hopper (not shown) are sent, 10D and 10E) base-material, roll gap through warm-up mill (12B) is sent, the width of middle base-material (10D) is different with both sides, and preferably its absorption and the performance of adsorbing retentive activity component (22B) are than both sides the higher of base-material (10C and 10E) of being untreated.As shown in the figure, selected one or more active modifier compositions (22B) in fog-spray nozzle (20B) spraying of the two sides of base-material (10D) by charge line (21B), base-material (10E) is broad preferably, and be arranged into residue gob or the inappropriate material of spraying direction that to hold back not the active modifier composition that is kept or catch by fabric strip (10D), all three kinds of base-materials carry out drying through heating niproll (12B) in a manner described under regulating then, press Fig. 1,2 mode coating unit by deflector roll (not shown) importing filtering rod manufacturing installation again.

Fig. 4 is illustrating of the another variation of this method, wherein one or more base-material (not shown) can be sent respectively by material package or hopper (24C), by deflector roll (17C), immersion contains the storage tank (25C) of active modifier composition (22C), then by niproll (26C), heating furnace (27C), drag roller (28C) and three-stage drying stove (29C), enter the coating unit (14C) of the cigarette filter bar manufacturing installation that above-mentioned Fig. 1-3 mode arranges, or boxing for later use.

When doing the use of base-material composition with the continuous fiber tow, can be about to fiber and extract out and process expanded injection of fluid or distortion injection by method preparation tow commonly used from one or several bobbin cradle, handle in a manner described then.

As previously mentioned, the base-material of aforesaid way use can be various synthetic fibres.Thereby, may use polyester, polyamide, esters of acrylic acid, and polypropylene or cellulose acetate material.The combination that becomes the silk copolymer of propylene monomer and ethene or other light alkene monomer is compared with other synthetic fibre-forming material, because its density is low and good spinning properties, is preferred tow, silk ribbon and fibrillation membrane material.

The tow that the present invention is used, it is bulk, and the dawn number is about 2000-10000.As noted above, this base-material can be the crimped fibre from single bobbin cradle or silk bag, or several bobbin cradle or silk bag are simultaneously and close and the fluid of flowing through sprays and the compound material that forms.Yet, have best performance in order to make cigarette filter tip, preferably at least some tow were non-twist not curling with having before entering the fluid injection basically.

The invention will be further described with example below.

Example 1

(A) will have the isotactic polypropylene cut staple (at every 4.5 dawn of fiber, 1.5 inches long) of " Y " tee section, and make weight with/10 minutes flow velocity of 40 ± 5 grams comb and be about 0.18 gram/sign indicating number ²Fleece.This fleece is transferred on the continuous glass fibre band, under 140 ℃/40 pounds of/square inch roll-ins, made it the mild heat bonding, obtain a kind of supatex fabric, it is die-cut into 12 inches wide test tape base-material, hereinafter referred to as TS-1 with diamond flower type hot rolling ray machine.

(B) the 2.5 denier cellulose acetate yarns (circular cross section) that will obtain under the industrial weaving condition of routine in parallel unwinding from the bobbin cradle under the 0.01 gram/dawn tension force, and and close the formation fibre bundle.With the steam expanded injection of this fibre bundle by 70 pounds/square inch (107-110 ℃), the fibre bundle base-material that obtains launching is hereinafter referred to as TS-2 then.

To as last finishing composition, press mode described in the example by the General Definition composition prepared A1-A6 of active modifier composition and above-mentioned active modifier composition, and be coated on base-material TS-1 and the TS-2, used finishing composition is composed as follows:

The finishing composition is formed

A1 5%(is heavy) sodium carbonate

5%(is heavy) the Atmos(trade mark) 300(*1)

5%(is heavy) the polyoxyethylene D-sorbite

A laurate ester (* 2)

85%(is heavy) water

A2 5%(is heavy) sodium acetate

5%(is heavy) Atmos300

5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

85%(is heavy) water

A3 5%(is heavy) sodium acid carbonate

5%(is heavy) Atmos300

The finishing composition is formed

5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

85%(is heavy) water

A4 5%(is heavy) potassium permanganate

5%(is heavy) Atmos300

5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

85%(is heavy) water

A5 5%(is heavy) sodium acid carbonate

2.5%(is heavy) Atmos300

2.5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

90%(is heavy) water

A6 5%(is heavy) sodium acid carbonate

0.25%(is heavy) Atmos300

0.25%(is heavy) polysorbas20

94.5%(is heavy) water

B1 1%(is heavy) glyceryl triacetate

5%(is heavy) Atmos300

5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

89%(is heavy) water

B2 5%(is heavy) glyceryl triacetate

5%(is heavy) Atmos300

5%(is heavy) polysorbas20

85%(is heavy) water

* 1 non-ionic surface active agent that can buy this trade mark from ICI Americas company

* 2 can buy from ICI Americas company, trade mark is called polysorbas20.

Example 2

A. will be from 12 inches that example 1 makes wide non-woven polypropylene material strip (TS-1) continuously, by general fashion shown in Figure 4, the limit crimping immerses in the bath of A1 finishing composition, by the heating niproll, drying oven becomes the filtering rod of normal width with hand scroll, is cut into filter element (0.18 grammes per square metre of 27 millimeters long, 24.35 millimeters of girths) make test usefulness, be called F-1.

B. as the 12 inches wide continuous non-woven material bands (TS-1) that make from example 1 hold together with hand scroll, but without dipping and the drying steps of example 2A.The gained filtering rod is cut into 27 millimeters long (0.18 grammes per square metre) as described above, compares test usefulness, be called FC-1.

C. filtering rod testing arrangement (place cover in) comprises the HCN/N of a band valve ₂The constant voltage source of the gas can be movable, and glass and Tygon pipe by linking to each other with plastics filtering rod folder are installed on the downstream side it, on downstream side, filtering rod press from both sides and one HgCl is housed ₂Link to each other with the Drager pipe (buying) of methyl red indicator (doing the HCN colorimetric estimation uses) from the National Drager company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

D. test filter element that the non-woven band of F-1 and FC-1 the makes situation that removes to HCN, operating procedure is earlier representational filter element to be installed, again with HCN/N ₂By this filter element, led to 12 minutes by each test with 50 ml/min flow velocitys for gaseous mixture 100ppmHCN.Result of the test is listed in the table I of back.

Example 3

, compare as the active modifier composition with A2 and A3 finishing composition, repeat the A-D step of example 2 with corresponding compositions.With sample F-2, F-3, FC-2, FC-3, with the Drager pipe, test by example 2 described modes, the results are shown in the table I.

Example 4

The test-filtration element made from the plasticising cellulose acetate tow net of 12 inches long paper songs, fiber is the circular section, every fiber was 2.5 dawn, mode by example 2 and 3 immerses A4 finishing composition, dry, hold together with hand scroll, be cut into the filter element of 27 millimeters long, remove test as HCN with aforementioned same Drager pipe.The results are shown in the G-1 and the GC-1 of table I.

Example 5

With Camel lightweight tobacco rods with paper roll to the test-filtration element of 27 millimeters long, this filter element is that every fiber is the bent fibre bundles of 12 inches long papers of the polypropylene fibre (" Y " tee section) at 4.5 dawn, through immerse A5 and 30 seconds of A6 finishing composition respectively, air is dry and make by standard filtering rod manufacturing installation.Every kind of 5 test-filtration are chewed cigarette put into Borg-waldt smoking machine (stereotyped writing one cigarette in 2 seconds (35 milliliters)) smoking, with the HCN in the above-mentioned Drager pipe analysis primary air flue gas.Average result is listed in the C-1 and the C-2 of table I, and the control group result is CC-1 and CC-2.

The table I

The sample flow rate modifier time HCN amount of removing

Ml/min composition (branch) %

F-1 50 A1 12 100

FC-1＊ 50 - 12 0

F-2 50 A2 12 96

FC-2＊ 50 - 12 0

F-3 50 A3 12 100

FC-3＊ 50 - 12 0

G-1 50 A4 12 100

GC-1＊ 50 - 12 0

C-1 35 A5 8 61

CC-1＊ 35 - 8 0

C-2 35 A6 8 69

CC-2＊ 35 - 8 0

* contrast is used

Example 6

Be with 2 with the described 12 inches TS-1 of example 2B are non-woven, immerse B1 and B2 finishing composition respectively, again by preceding method drying, hand scroll, be cut into 27 millimeters long filter elements.With example 2 described systems these test-filtration are chewed test one by one, the place that is different from example 2 is that the Drager pipe is loaded Cr(V1 in advance) catalyst and right, right '-diaminourea,, '-dimethoxy-biphenyl is as the colored indicator that detects remaining nitrous oxide (NO).Test gas is the nitrogen that contains 100ppm NO, flow velocity 50 ml/min, 30 minutes times of contact.Result of the test S-1 and S-2 and check experiment S-1C and S-2C are as a result listed in the table II.

Example 7

2 varicosity polypropylene fibre bundle base-materials (TS-2) that example 1B is obtained are sprayed A2 and B2 finishing composition to saturated with the described retrofit device of Fig. 2, by example 2 described air and the roller dryings of carrying out, fibre bundle is introduced the coating unit of filtering rod manufacturing installation then.Select several 27 millimeters filter elements that obtain like this (average weight 0.18 gram) arbitrarily, test its situation that removes NO and HCN.The result shows that it can be suitable with the result of usefulness B2 modifier in usefulness A2 in the table I and the table 2.

The table II

The sample flow rate modifier time NO amount of removing

Ml/min %

S-1 50 B1 30 27

S-1C 50 - 30 0

S-2 50 B2 30 39

S-2C 50 - 30 0

Claims (10)

1, a kind of selectivity is removed toxic gas composition in the smoke from cigarette or is controlled the method for its concentration, comprise that the product that adopts the filtering rod manufacturing installation is as filter element, use and at least aly contain polyolefinic base-material as coating material, it is characterized in that, at least a active modifier with effective dose becomes the said base-material of divisional processing, and this modifier component contains at least a material that is selected from sodium acid carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium permanganate and the manganese dioxide that is dissolved in or is scattered in the nonionic spinning solution.

2, the polyoxyalkylene derivative that contains sorbitan fatty acid esters according to the non-ionic solution that the process of claim 1 wherein.

3, the mono fatty acid ester that contains polyhydroxy-alcohol according to the non-ionic solution that the process of claim 1 wherein.

4, the di fatty acid ester that contains polyhydroxy-alcohol according to the non-ionic solution that the process of claim 1 wherein.

5, according to the method for claim 2, modifier component wherein (A) is coated onto different base-material surfaces respectively with (B), this base-material comprises (a) a kind of opening fiber bundle at least, (b) ribbon, (c) non-woven fabric band or (d) a kind of in these four kinds of materials of fleece of fibrillation film.

6, be coated onto on the opposite sides that contains polyolefin base material according to the modifier component that the process of claim 1 wherein (A) with (B).

7, be coated onto respectively on the different base-materials by infusion process or spray-on process with (B) according to the modifier component that the process of claim 1 wherein (A).

8, contained polyolefin base material before being coated with the active modifier composition according to what the process of claim 1 wherein, carry out preliminary treatment by corona discharge or plasma discharge.

9, be the material that a kind of non-woven material combines with at least a other base-material according to the coating material that the process of claim 1 wherein.

10, the filter element that makes according to the method for claim 1.

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