CN87102887A - Gravity structure and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Gravity structure and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN87102887A CN87102887A CN 87102887 CN87102887A CN87102887A CN 87102887 A CN87102887 A CN 87102887A CN 87102887 CN87102887 CN 87102887 CN 87102887 A CN87102887 A CN 87102887A CN 87102887 A CN87102887 A CN 87102887A
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Abstract
The present invention is the relevant mole that is used for, the fill-up ground shore protection, gravity structures such as the caisson of harbour etc., concrete block, L shaped, it has the difficult slip of external force such as wave, the characteristics that stability is high, this gravity structure is provided with the unit friction member that is made of rubber etc. in concrete body bottom surface, it is one so that dock with foundation surface its bottom surface that this friction member is set as with above-mentioned concrete body structure, and can increase the friction factor of foundation surface and concrete body.
Description
The present invention is the relevant caisson that is used for mole, fill-up ground shore protection and harbour etc., concrete block, gravity structure such as L type piece and manufacture method.
This gravity structure must fixedly make it to be stabilized in set place.This class gravity structure is subjected to the external force effect to be easy to move and is difficult to be fixed on above the ground, for example use caisson to construct mole, will excavate smooth seabed earlier, repave rubble and build up platform shape ground, then rubble is housed, grit, sand, the caisson sinking of concrete etc. is at this above ground.Also having, is asphalt covering layer on ground as other construction method, then the caisson sinking on the pitch covering layer, in order to prevent the clearance filled rubble between caisson of moving of caisson, stone in the filling also in caisson, sand, concrete etc.
And constructing of mole is the wave force of wanting to bear naturally from the off-lying sea, so caisson is to be supported by friction between weight, caisson bottom and the foundation surface of caisson self and the rubble that is filled in the caisson side for the reaction of ocean wave pressure.
Thereby, use mole that caisson constructs to construct and form, so when being subjected to, just have the problem that is easy to move such as some external shock power such as wave impulse forces by caisson only is set on ground as mentioned above.
For this reason, the present invention increases for the problem that solves above-mentioned existence provides the friction factor of a kind of bottom surface that can make the concrete body and foundation surface, and this concrete body is subjected to external shock power effect such as wave force also to be difficult for gravity structure that moves and the method that can simply make this gravity structure.
The gravity structure of the present invention's first invention, be that the gravity of the concrete body with bottom surface by this concrete body self is arranged on gravity structure on the foundation surface, and feature of the present invention is: set a plurality of unit friction members that can increase the friction factor of foundation surface and above-mentioned concrete body in the bottom surface of above-mentioned concrete body, this unit friction member is to constitute an integral body so that make its bottom surface dock surface of base with above-mentioned concrete body.
And the gravity structure of second invention of the present invention, be that bottom surface concrete body is placed gravity structure on the foundation surface by himself gravity ground connection, feature of the present invention is in above-mentioned concrete body bottom surface, set a plurality of unit friction members that can increase the friction factor of foundation surface and above-mentioned concrete body, stone bolt is equipped with on surface at above-mentioned unit friction member, this unit friction member is then by above-mentioned stone bolt and above-mentioned coagulation body formation one, so that the bottom surface of works and foundation surface connect.
The gravity structure that also has the present invention's the 3rd invention is the manufacture method of gravity structure that the unit friction member of a plurality of friction factor that can increase foundation surface and above-mentioned concrete body is set in the bottom surface of concrete body, and its feature is; After framework inside sets above-mentioned unit friction member, gap between this unit friction member and either or both filling sand on every side thereof, and then placing of concrete, after the concrete setting, the concrete body is raise, sand falls, and above-mentioned unit friction member just sets on the concrete body with the state of exposing surface.
Gravity structure of the present invention, as mentioned above, at a plurality of unit friction members that dock with foundation surface of the bottom surface of concrete body assortment and after making it to constitute one, the friction factor of concrete body and surface of base will increase, thereby is difficult for the stable high gravity structure of slip with regard to obtaining external power effect.And then, under same external force condition, itself and the gravity that also can alleviate body of comparing that has earlier, thus cheap concrete body can be provided.
Also have, the manufacture method of above-mentioned gravity structure is to reach the sand that the projecting height that only accounts for the friction member is loaded onto in the gap around the unit friction member, and then placing of concrete, so after concrete setting, the words that the concrete body is raise, sand is dropped, thereby the surface of friction member constitute an integral body with regard to protruding on the concrete body.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is the first enforcement state of expression the present invention's gravity structure; Fig. 1 is the vertical section elevation of gravity structure, and Fig. 2 then is its ground plan, and Fig. 3 is that the representation unit friction member is to the main position of the structure of concrete body installation sectional drawing.Fig. 4 to Figure 11 is other structure that the representation unit friction member is installed to the concrete body; Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 is the sectional drawing at main position of representing other enforcement state respectively, and Fig. 7 to 11 is detail drawings of enforcement state shown in Figure 6.Fig. 7 is the axonometric drawing of stone bolt, and Fig. 8 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is the longitudinal plan of Fig. 7, and Figure 10 and 11 is sectional drawings of major part of each variation of expression stone bolt shown in Figure 7.
Figure 12 to Figure 16 is other enforcement state of representation unit friction member, Figure 12 is the sectional drawing of major part, and Figure 13 is its ground plan, and Figure 14 is another ground plan of implementing state, Figure 15 is and the major part sectional drawing of another embodiment state that Figure 16 is its ground plan.
Figure 17 is second ground plan of implementing state of expression the present invention's gravity structure.
Figure 18 to 20 is the 3rd enforcement states of expression the present invention's gravity structure; Figure 18 is the figure of the offset of making a concerted effort of expression gravity structure, and Figure 19 is that identical bottom surface reaction is tried hard to, and Figure 20 is the ground plan of gravity structure.
Figure 21 to Figure 30 is the 4th an enforcement state of expression gravity structure of the present invention.Figure 21 is a side view, and Figure 22 is a ground plan, and Figure 23 to Figure 29 is a ground plan of representing object lesson respectively, and Figure 30 is the curve map of expression Figure 23 to the slip resistance of concrete body shown in Figure 29.
Figure 31 is the sectional drawing at main position of manufacture method of explanation the present invention's gravity structure.
Below the present invention will be described for the enforcement state shown in reference to the accompanying drawings.
, be the first enforcement state of expression gravity structure of the present invention at first from Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the 1st, mole, an example of the caisson that expansion bank, harbour etc. use, the bottom surface of its concrete body 2 all is equipped with the unit friction member 3 of a plurality of rubber comprehensively.This unit friction member 3 is to be flat tetragonal prism shape and the bottom surface that is provided in concrete body 2 can connect the following of friction member with foundation surface.
This unit friction member 3 is as shown in Figure 3, be provided with the stiffener 4 of iron plate system in its inside, this stiffener 4 fastening have an installation component 6 of screw hole 5, this stiffener 4 and installation component 6 are buried underground when unit friction member 3 is shaped and are formed one, and the installation component 6 that is set is almost equal with the apical side height of unit friction member 3.Bolt hole 5 is to open mouthful, and stone bolt 7 is fixed on this bolt hole and protrudes for 5 li by screwing, and this stone bolt 7 is to carve in the lower end to be provided with and bolt hole 5 pin thread 8 that closes of bolt mutually.The upper end then forms hook portion 9 to guarantee and 2 fastening connections of concrete body, also has, and the 10th, arranged crosswise is at the reinforcing bar of concrete body 2 bottoms.
To be installed in the unit friction member 3 of above-mentioned formation concrete body 2, a plurality of units friction member 3 is spaced by suitable, stone bolt 7 be screwed be fixed on screw 5, placing of concrete then simultaneously.After the concrete setting, unit friction member 3 will constitute one fully by stone bolt 7 and concrete body 2.
Have more than as the mounting method of this stone bolt 7 and to be limited to above-mentioned enforcement state, for example also just like Fig. 4 or method shown in Figure 5.
Shown in Figure 4 is that the stiffener 4 that is made of iron plate is to bury underground to be integral when unit friction member 3 is shaped, and is formed with recess 11 below unit friction member 3.And then also be equipped with perforation 12 above this recess 11 leads to.When this unit friction member 3 was installed in concrete body 2, stone bolt 7 just inserted perforation 12, and 8 of pin threads that protrude in the bolt lower end of recess 11 pass through packing ring 13 to be fixed by nut 14, goes back suit at recess 11 and rubber stopper 15.
Shown in Figure 5 is; When unit friction member 3 was shaped, it was one that the stiffener 16 that replaces above-mentioned iron plate with wire gauze or cloth is buried underground, and then handle flush type cock 18 end face of the unit's of being embedded in friction member 3 integratedly that opening screw 17 arranged.And same with the enforcement state of Fig. 4, a plurality of units of assortment friction member 3 screws stone bolt 7 in the screw 17 that is fixed on flush type cock 18 again.
Still have, the arbitrary decision as required of the shape of unit friction member 3, represented in the first enforcement state is the situation that the present invention is applicable to caisson 1, but be not limited thereto, situation for the concrete body 2 that other is installed, mounting structure of the present invention also can obtain effectively to be suitable for, and the material of this other unit's friction member 3 also is not limited to rubber, and synthetic resin etc. also can adopt.
As above-mentioned detailed introduction, unit of the present invention friction member 3 is to be shaped separately respectively with the stone bolt 7 that unit friction member 3 securely is installed in concrete body 2, owing to be the structure of assembling in the moulding place of gravity structure, so before assembling, the not outstanding unit of stone bolt 7 friction member 3, so when carrying, can pile up unit friction member 3 get up, and unit friction member 3 can not destroy from body yet.Also have, the reinforcing bar that is arranged in concrete body 2 is not interspersed in stone bolt 7, thus can be undertaken assortment to unit friction member 3 by suitable interval, thereby can improve the operating efficiency of reinforcement placement operation.
In addition, also has other the enforcement state shown in Fig. 6 to 11 as the mounting method of stone bolt 7.
Shown in this enforcement state be, the stiffener 4 of iron plate system is except allowing the hole 19 that bolt inserts all 3 li of the unit's of being embedded in friction members towards upper shed, 4 li quarters be provided with the screw 5 coaxial at this stiffener with above-mentioned bolt-inserting hole 19, revolving stone bolt 20 for 5 li at this screw, this stone bolt 20 is bar-shaped, all carves in its axial region periphery total length and is provided with pin thread 21.The axial region of the unit's of protruding in friction member 3 tops is then by synthetic resin, and toppings such as rubber 22 are cladding, and this topping 22 is formed with in length and breadth rib (rib) 23,24 at its outer peripheral face.Also have with the lower end that joins above the unit friction member 3, as shown in Figure 9, be conical inclined plane, form the lug boss 26 that watertight is used by this outer rim being done wedgewise.
This watertight lug boss 26 has more than and is limited to above-mentioned enforcement state, for example as shown in figure 10, also can make the lower end of topping 22 form outstanding ring-type to form watertight protuberance 26, perhaps as shown in figure 11, can form the watertight protuberance 26,26 of a plurality of ring-types.
Therefore, when stone bolt 19 is imbedded concrete body 2, so since topping 22 be formed with in length and breadth rib 23,24 its can be fixedly mounted on the concrete body 2.And then; because stone bolt 20 can be loaded onto and unload equally with above-mentioned enforcement state from unit friction member 3; so it is very convenient equally with above-mentioned enforcement state in carrying; in addition; unit friction member 3 can prevent soaking into of seawater fully by topping 22 and watertight lug boss 26, so can not use for a long time because of corrosion separates.
Also have, unit friction member 3 as shown in Figure 6, can form the inclined-plane 27 that tilts, so just easier molding after 3 moulding of unit friction member to its side downwards.
And then, unit friction member 3 also can form the more than one groove that has to lateral opening in its bottom surface, as Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13, form many parallel grooves 28, the end of this groove 28 can be to the both-side opening of unit friction member 3, perhaps as shown in figure 14, forms in the bottom surface of unit friction member 3 in length and breadth groove 29,30 is communicated with respectively, be formed with a link slot 31 that is connected with a groove 30 again, an end of this link slot 31 is then to a side opening of unit friction member 3.
In addition, as Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16, also can form a plurality of salient points 32 in the bottom surface of unit friction member 3.
Like this bottom surface of unit friction member 3 is set as groove 28,29,30 or salient point 32 and will increases friction factor with foundation surface to strengthen the stability of caisson 1.Simultaneously, also becoming with the molding box demoulding after caisson 1 moulding is easy to, and then can not damage crane when slinging caisson 1 with crane, and then inject water under high pressure from the peristome of groove 28,31, then can shorten the lifting time of crane.
In the above-mentioned first enforcement state, be other unit friction member 3 to be set all sidedly in the bottom surface of concrete body 2, but in the second enforcement state as shown in figure 17, then can be in the bottom surface of concrete body 2, unit friction member 3 with the horizontal resultants that external impulse force was produced such as wave force to the orthogonal direction of the action direction of this body 2, and the tool certain amplitude, ordered series of numbers row establish.
Above-mentioned first and second enforcement state is that a plurality of units friction member 3 is provided in the bottom surface of concrete body 2 and constitutes an integral body, so can increase the friction factor with foundation surface, thereby can obtain stable high gravity structure that external impulse forces such as wave force are not easy to slide.And then under same external force condition, also can alleviate the cost cost than the original weight that alleviates the concrete body.
Below, describe to the 3rd enforcement state shown in Figure 20 according to Figure 18, this enforcement state is, the bottom surface of concrete body 2 by with the standardized bisector of width of the orthogonal side of horizontal resultant action direction as the center, again unit friction member 3 is provided in the bottom surface of a side opposite with the horizontal resultant active side and constitutes one.
Figure 18 is that expression is positioned in the caisson 1 that is applicable to mole, shore protection, harbour etc. the situation above the surface of base 33 that is made of the clitter that drops into the bottom, and the load that acts on the bottom surface of caisson 1 must wait the reaction force of considering the bottom surface together with the weight of filling material and design, and then describes according to Figure 18 about the force action of caisson 1.The horizontal resultant H effect of that wave force etc. down, and with the application point of the synthetic total R that makes a concerted effort of vertical resultant V usually just in 1/2nd bottom surface of that be divided into two and active side 34 opposite sides 35 horizontal resultant H the wide b in caisson 1 bottom surface, and the eccentric amount e of always making a concerted effort then can calculate by following formula;
e＝（b/2）-X
X＝（Mw-Mh）/V
Here Mw is that moment, the Mh of ordering around A of vertical resultant are the moment of ordering around A of horizontal resultant.
And then Figure 19 is the figure of expression bottom surface reaction force, and the bottom surface reaction force that acts on caisson 1 can calculate by following formula.That is:
(1) during e≤1＜6b is
p
1＝[1+（6e/b）]V/b
p
2＝[1-（6e/b）]V/b
(2) during e＞(1/6) b be
p
1＝（2/3）V/[（b/2）-e）
b′＝3[（b/2）-b]
The p here
1It is the reaction force of preceding toe
p
2It is the reaction force of hallux
The effect amplitude of the bottom surface reaction force when b ' is e＞1/6b.
Varying in size of the eccentric amount e of always making a concerted effort according to following formula, the size of bottom surface reaction force and effect amplitude are just different.
Figure 19 (X) be the expression e＜(1/6) b situation,
Figure 19 (Y) be the expression e=(1/6) b situation,
Figure 19 (Z) is the situation of expression e＞(1/6) b.
Like this along with the increase of the eccentric amount e of always making a concerted effort, (center line 36) moves to the outside application point of total R that makes a concerted effort just from the center, because the reaction force of central part diminishes, the unit friction member 3 that is installed in the bottom surface also just can further reduce from central division, perhaps only is installed in the outside and constitutes core and do not install fully.
This enforcement state is from above-mentioned various being clear that, be utilize horizontal resultant H effect in the gravity structure down and total R with joint efforts of vertical resultant V at the application point of bottom surface, just from the action direction of horizontal resultant H mutually the wide bisector 36 in the bottom surface of a vertical side move on to characteristics the active side 34 opposite sides 35 with horizontal resultant H, come allocation unit friction member 3 effectively.
Figure 20 is this enforcement state of expression, with the action direction of the horizontal resultant H of caisson 1 bottom surface mutually the bisector 36 of the wide b in bottom surface of a vertical side as the center rubber unit's friction member 3 is installed in bottom surface with the active side 34 opposite sides 35 of horizontal resultant H.Unit friction member 3 can all be installed the part that it also can only be installed by bottom surface one side of something.The size of the offset of R with joint efforts always will be considered in its ratio and installation site, and the size of bottom surface reaction force etc. decides.
In general, the friction factor of the stone of concrete and foundation surface 33 is 0.6, and with respect to this, in this enforcement state, uses the situation of the unit friction member 3 of the floor space 25% that accounts for caisson 1, and its friction factor also reaches more than 0.8 in water.
As mentioned above, adopt this enforcement state, can play the same effect that friction member all is installed with whole bottom surface, the while just can be effective with less member and have real economy, and construction operation also is easy to.
Below just Figure 21 describe to the 4th enforcement state shown in Figure 30.
This enforcement state be the unit friction member in the horizontal resultant of above-mentioned cement body bottom surface action direction for this body, to the end of an extra large side and landwards near the side end, at least respectively have 1 row to set and constitute one by certain width.
As Figure 21 and shown in Figure 22, near a side end 37 landwards of concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, in horizontal resultant H
1For the orthogonal direction of the action direction of this body 2, the antiskid body 38,38 that 2 row are made of a plurality of units friction member 3 is set.Separately set the above antiskid body of at least 2 row to 38,38 way by adopting like this, just can not obtain the antiskid on surface, also can obtain so-called form drag.This form drag also can reach the about 10%～20% of above-mentioned surperficial coefficient of sliding resistance, is being the value that can not be ignored aspect the cling property that improves gravity structure.
And the length at the interval 39 of this antiskid body 38,38 is about 2 times of diameter of the stone that constitutes foundation surface 33, then can obtain the desired shapes resistance.
Still have, the installation site of antiskid body 38,38, assortment number, width be shape and the weight that must consider concrete body 2, and the size of bottom surface reaction force waits and determines.
Also have, lean on an extra large side end 40, be provided with and above-mentioned antiskid body 38, the 38 parallel antiskid bodies 41 that constitute by a plurality of units friction member 3 in the bottom surface of concrete body 2.Height that this antiskid body 41 is done and above-mentioned antiskid body 38,38 is identical so that the differential of elimination concrete body 2 prevents that it from waving, She Ji width is wanted to keep out slip simultaneously, can prevent because the influence that wave disappears or fill out the pressure effect that is used in harbour, shore protection soil behind and to the slip of the direction H2 on sea as far as possible.
Still have, antiskid body 38,38,41st combines aptly with one or two or more kinds unit friction member 3, but also can all form banded form formation one to it with each row.
Below, describe with regard to the object lesson that this enforcement state that Figure 23 experimentizes to the antiskid body of different in width shown in Figure 29 and installation site is installed.
Figure 23 is the antiskid body 41 that this drives body 2 width 5% that accounts for to an extra large side end 40 of representing to be installed in respectively concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, and is installed in the antiskid body 38(that accounts for these body 2 width 40% by land one side end 37 to call " P in the following text
1").Figure 24 is the bottom surface of representing to be installed in respectively concrete body 2 by the accounting for this body width 5% and be installed in the antiskid body 41 that accounts for this body 2 wide 30% by land one side end 37 of an extra large side end 40, and 38(is hereinafter referred to as " P2 ").Figure 25 is the antiskid body 41 that accounts for this body 2 wide 5% by an extra large side end 40 of representing to be installed in respectively concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, and is installed in the antiskid body 38(that accounts for this body 2 wide 10% by land one side end 37 to call " P3 " in the following text).
And Figure 26 to shown in Figure 29 all be by an extra large side end 40 the antiskid body 41 that accounts for this body 2 wide 5% to be set in concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, Figure 26 is being equipped with the antiskid body 38 that accounts for this body 2 wide 15% and 10% by land one side end 37,38, between them, be separated with simultaneously account for this body 2 wide 5% together interval 39(to call " P4 " in the following text).Figure 27 is installing the antiskid body 38,38 that 2 row account for this body 2 wide 10% by land one side end 37, between them, be separated with simultaneously account for this body 2 wide 10% together interval 39(to call " P5 " in the following text).Figure 28 is installing the antiskid body 38,38 that occupies this body 2 wide 10% and 5%, is being separated with together 15% interval 39(for the width of this body 2 simultaneously to call " P6 " in the following text between them by land one side end 37).Figure 29 is accounting for the antiskid body 38 of this body 2 wide 10% and the antiskid body 38,38 that 2 row account for body 2 wide 5% by land one side end, 37 installations, one row, establishing the interval 39 that two roads account for this body 2 wide 5% simultaneously respectively between them, and 39(is hereinafter referred to as " P7 ").It is wide 10 meters to also have the concrete body 2 of above-mentioned formation to be, 8.6 meters of the degree of depth.Antiskid body 38 and 41 thickness are 80 millimeters.These concrete bodies 2 are placed on above the foundation of sea floor surface of being constructed by the stone of 20～30 centimetres of diameters 33, carry out coefficient of sliding resistance and measure, just obtain result as shown in figure 30.P is illustrated in concrete body bottom surface the antiskid body all is housed, and P0 is illustrated in concrete body bottom surface the antiskid body is not installed fully.
That is to say, by as P2(Figure 24), do not account for the antiskid body 41 of body wide 5% by an extra large side end 40 in concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, and establishing the antiskid body 38 that accounts for body wide 30% by land one side end 37, very clear just had desirable skidproof effect (need not establish more antiskid bodies again), clear and definite is same installation width in addition, and the different P5(Figure 27 in installation site) and P7(Figure 29) also can obtain same coefficient of sliding resistance.
So, as long as by an extra large side end 40 the antiskid body 41 that accounts for this body 2 wide 5% is installed in concrete body 2 bottom surfaces, and accounting for this body 2 wide antiskid bodies 38 more than 20% by adding up near one side end 37 of land to install, its coefficient of sliding resistance just reaches more than 0.8, has practical usefulness and reduces the use amount of unit friction member 3 in a large number.
As mentioned above, adopt above-mentioned enforcement state, can increase the antiskid body 38,41 of the skid resistance of foundation surface 33 and concrete body 2 by handle, in concrete body 2 bottom surfaces with horizontal resultant H to the orthogonal direction of the action direction of this body 2, row at least respectively arranged and be provided in by an extra large side end 40 and by land one side end 37 by certain width.Also just can obtain and the whole same skidproof effect of situation of the unit's of being equipped with friction member 3 in bottom surface.
Therefore, can reduce the use amount of unit friction member 3 and dwindle the width of concrete body 2, and have economy, and for the gravity structure that waves or also can obtain from the active force of land one side bigger stability of concrete body 2.
Below describe with regard to the manufacturing of caisson of the present invention by Figure 31 and Figure 32.
This autofrettage is by setting in framework after a plurality of above-mentioned units friction member, gap between this unit friction member and any one side or the bilateral sand of filling out on every side, placing of concrete then, treat after the concrete setting, the concrete body is raise, remove sand, with regard to obtaining and be provided in gravity structure on the concrete body with the state on the surface of exposing above-mentioned unit friction member.
Figure 31 is the key diagram of the manufacture method of expression when unit friction member 31 is installed in the concrete body 2 of caisson 1.Underframe 51 mountings are fixed on above the frame platform 50, with clamp structure 53 fixedly side frame 52 make framework.At interval a plurality of unit friction members 3 that are equipped with stone bolt 7 are provided on the underframe 51 by suitable then.Stone bolt 7 and unit friction member 3 can clearly be seen that from accompanying drawing, are to install by stone bolt 7 is screwed on the installation component 6 of the stiffener 4 that is fastened on the unit's of being embedded in friction member 3.
And then around unit friction member 3, reach unit friction member 3,3 gap each other, fill out as the sand 54 of adjusting member; Husky thickness be unit friction member 3 from the outstanding thickness of concrete bottom.Above unit friction member 3, also be furnished with the reinforcing bar 10 that adds reinforced concrete body 2 in addition in length and breadth.Finish after these work placing of concrete again.When placing of concrete, on sand 54, want topped mortar, again concrete casting in the above concrete just can not infiltrate through 54 li of sands.Also have, watered concrete, its weight will be expressed to unit friction member 3 and the stone bolt 7 dotted line state before the placing of concrete position of solid line, and the lateral expansion of unit friction member 3 is just upwards squeezed the top of sand 54.After the concrete setting, side frame 52 and clamp structure 53 are dismantled.Sling concrete body 2, sand 54 will drop, and unit friction member 3 will set with the state that protrudes from below and be installed on the concrete body 2 and constitute an integral body fully.
Though shown in this enforcement state is the occasion that is applicable to caisson, be not limited thereto, it also can be applicable to the occasion that is installed in other concrete body effectively.Also have, sand 54 is only in the unit's of being filled in friction member 3,3 gap each other, also can use the adjustment member of system such as wood in the gap between frame 52 then and the unit friction member 3,3.
As above detailed narration, this manufacture method is in around the unit friction member 3 and any one side in gap or bilateral filling only after the sand of the projecting height of the unit's of accounting for friction member 3, placing of concrete constitutes again, so after concrete setting, concrete body 2 is raise, sand will drop, and unit friction member 3 will be installed as one with its following outstanding state.
Also have, as using the adjustment member of system such as wood, just must be ready to the projecting height of unit friction member 3 and the adjustment member of width specifications in advance, and employing this method, because adjust with the filling sand, thus not only need not to prepare various adjustment members, and the surface that the side of unit friction member 3 neither be direct and level and smooth, and because sand is easy to the side view corresponding to unit friction member 3, so the shaping of unit friction member 3 is easy to.
And then, also needn't require correct positioning owing to unit friction member 3 sets above the underframe 51, and can set in the gap, thereby can increase work efficiency arbitrarily.
Claims (17)
1, gravity structure involved in the present invention, be that the gravity of the concrete body with bottom surface by himself is arranged on the surface of base, feature of the present invention is, a plurality of unit friction members that can increase the friction factor of surface of base and above-mentioned concrete body are set in the bottom surface of above-mentioned concrete body, and this unit friction member is to be made as and above-mentioned concrete body constitutes one, so that its bottom surface is docked on the surface of base.
2, according to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with above-mentioned unit friction member comprehensively in above-mentioned concrete body bottom surface.
3, according to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned concrete body bottom surface, with horizontal resultant for the orthogonal direction of the action direction of this body, by the certain a plurality of above-mentioned unit of width assortment friction member.
4, according to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned unit friction member be provided in with horizontal resultant to the action direction of above-mentioned concrete body mutually the wide bisector in the bottom surface of a vertical side be the bottom surface of the opposite side of horizontal resultant effect one side at center, and structure is an one.
5, according to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned concrete body bottom surface in the action direction of horizontal resultant to body, row are at least respectively being arranged by the above-mentioned unit friction member of certain width configuration by an extra large side end and near leaning on land one side end, and making it to constitute one.
6, according to the gravity structure of claim 5, it is characterized in that; Above-mentioned unit friction member branch classify as be configured in more than 2 row concrete body bottom surface by near one side end of land.
According to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, above-mentioned unit friction member is formed with the groove that has more than one peristome in the side in its bottom surface.
According to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that 8, above-mentioned unit friction member is formed with a plurality of projectioies in its bottom surface.
According to the gravity structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that 9, above-mentioned unit friction member is to form the face of pulling out that moves back that its side tilts downwards.
10, gravity structure is that the gravity of the concrete body with bottom surface by himself is located on the surface of base, feature of the present invention is, bottom surface at above-mentioned concrete body, set a plurality of unit friction members that can increase friction factor between surface of base and above-mentioned concrete body, be equipped with stone bolt at this above the unit friction member, thereby by above-mentioned stone bolt is this unit friction member and above-mentioned concrete body structure one, and its bottom surface and surface of base are connected.
11, according to the gravity structure of claim 10, it is characterized in that; Above-mentioned stone bolt is fixed in above-mentioned unit friction member and gives prominence to setting by screwing.
12, according to the gravity structure of claim 10, it is characterized in that; Above-mentioned stone bolt is to be inserted in the perforation that above-mentioned unit friction member forms, and the top is fixed by nut and outstanding the setting.
According to the gravity structure of claim 10, it is characterized in that 13, the top of above-mentioned stone bolt is a hook-type.
According to the gravity structure of claim 10, it is characterized in that 14, above-mentioned stone bolt is the axial region that coats it with toppings such as synthetic resin, rubber, be provided with the watertight lug boss with mating face above-mentioned unit friction member this topping.
15, according to the gravity structure of claim 14, it is characterized in that; Above-mentioned topping is formed with in length and breadth rib at its outer peripheral face.
16, according to the gravity structure of claim 14, its feature is that above-mentioned watertight lug boss is to form wedge shape.
17, gravity structure autofrettage is in the bottom surface of concrete body, and a plurality of methods that increase the unit friction member of friction factor between foundation surface and the above-mentioned concrete body are set, and feature of the present invention is; After being provided in above-mentioned unit friction member in the framework, gap between this unit friction member and either or both filling sand on every side thereof.Placing of concrete is treated by promoting the concrete body sand to be dropped after the concrete setting then, just the state of above-mentioned unit friction member with exposing surface is provided on the concrete body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102887 CN87102887A (en) | 1987-04-16 | 1987-04-16 | Gravity structure and manufacture method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 87102887 CN87102887A (en) | 1987-04-16 | 1987-04-16 | Gravity structure and manufacture method thereof |
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| CN87102887A true CN87102887A (en) | 1988-11-02 |
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| CN 87102887 Pending CN87102887A (en) | 1987-04-16 | 1987-04-16 | Gravity structure and manufacture method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806409A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-21 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Milling forming system of gravity wharf foundation bed and construction method for gravity wharf structure |
| CN106703059A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-24 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Construction method of cross-shaped pull trough of open caisson |
| CN109371895A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | It is a kind of for increasing the pitch non-slip mat of coefficient of friction |
-
1987
- 1987-04-16 CN CN 87102887 patent/CN87102887A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806409A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-21 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Milling forming system of gravity wharf foundation bed and construction method for gravity wharf structure |
| CN103806409B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2017-01-04 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | The milling formation system of gravity type quay bedding and the construction method of Gravity harf structure |
| CN106703059A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-24 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Construction method of cross-shaped pull trough of open caisson |
| CN106703059B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-11-20 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Open caisson cross trough-pulling construction method |
| CN109371895A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | It is a kind of for increasing the pitch non-slip mat of coefficient of friction |
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