CN87102736A - Cage type worm-and-ball transmission device - Google Patents
Cage type worm-and-ball transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN87102736A CN87102736A CN 87102736 CN87102736A CN87102736A CN 87102736 A CN87102736 A CN 87102736A CN 87102736 CN87102736 CN 87102736 CN 87102736 A CN87102736 A CN 87102736A CN 87102736 A CN87102736 A CN 87102736A
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- worm
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Abstract
Cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, the present invention belongs to mechanical engineering, and the present invention is the use field of improving the transmission efficiency of worm gears and enlarging worm gears.The feature of cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is made up of cage type Worm, worm screw, ball, spherical guide and ball loop.The cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device volume is little, transmission power is big, efficient is high, angular velocity ratio is big, and running is steady, noiseless, can work in the field in high speed, deceleration, speedup, can be widely used in the increase and decrease speed transmission of machinery and helicopter, mechanism hand and variable force in motor.
Description
The present invention belongs to mechanical engineering
Described according to " Der Grundsatz der Maschinen " book that the machinery combination of Machine Design teaching and research group of Tsing-Hua University and central TV university is compiled, in the prior art, worm screw be with worm gear directly mesh realize mechanically operated.In the Worm and Worm Gear Driving device, worm screw is little, the axial length of diameter, the spiral gear that the number of teeth is few, lead angle is little.Worm gear is that diameter is big, axially short, the spiral gear that the number of teeth is many, lead angle is big.In the prior art, worm screw is to make with steel, and worm gear is to make with bronze.
The shortcoming of Worm and Worm Gear Driving device is that transmission efficiency is low, can not be used for high-power, at a high speed and the field of speedup.
The objective of the invention is to improve the efficient of worm gears, enlarge the use field of worm gears.
Cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is made up of cage type Worm, worm screw, ball, spherical guide and ball loop.
Cage type Worm in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is made up of the worm screw of the cage construction of rigidity.The helical tooth of described cage type Worm is made up of the rigid cage bar of worm screw.
In the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, worm screw is assemblied in the cage of cage type Worm, the shaft axis of two worm screws coincides, distance of shaft centers is zero, the tooth of two worm screws is directly engagement not, but by mechanically operated, so the teeth groove of cage type Worm and worm screw is the garden arc that is meshed with ball with the engagement realization of ball.
Cage type Worm in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device and worm screw all are to make with steel, through the mechanical property of quenching with Subsequent tempering with the raising worm screw.
In cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, there are many balls to be meshed in the teeth groove on the week of worm screw garden simultaneously, thereby make cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device have very big load capacity with cage type Worm and guide rail.
Ball in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is the rigid spheres of garden shape, and the steel ball of polishing is particularly suitable in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device.Ball is in cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, and directly with cage type Worm and worm screw and guide rail three engagement, it is the bridge that two worm screw mechanical forces are transmitted, and also is the hinge that device is rely and turned round.
Spherical guide in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is made up of the track of rigidity.The rail level of spherical guide rigid track is the garden arc that is meshed with ball.The effect of spherical guide in device is the normal operation that keeps normal engaged of ball and two worm screws and guiding ball, spherical guide generally is to cast with housing to form, on rail level, plate the antifriction high-abrasive material then, or the guide rail made from the antifriction high-abrasive material is fixed on the housing.
Ball loop in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is to form with the duct that the spherical guide two ends contain the confession ball-recirculation motion that connects mutually.The duct in ball loop must be smooth, makes ball shuttling movement successfully in the duct.The quantity in ball loop must equate with the quantity of spherical guide.The ball loop is general and housing is cast out together or be fixed on the housing with the ball loop that pipeline is made.
In the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device of Fig. 1, when worm screw 1 rotatablely moves, the axial force that helical tooth produces on the worm screw promotes meshing with it ball 3 along guide rail 4 moving linearlies, the straight line motion of ball 3 acts on the spiral tooth of the cage type Worm 2 that is engaged with, and the rotating force that helical tooth produces promotes cage type Worm 2 and rotates.Constantly rotatablely moving of worm screw 1, promote ball 3 and continue motion forward, when ball 3 moves to the end of screw rod, released by shoal the gradually teeth groove that diminishes of worm screw 1 end, make ball 3 and worm screw 1 break away from engagement, the spiral alveolar that cage type Worm 2 ends shoal is gradually then released guide rail 4 with ball 3, makes it to enter ball loop 5.Stored up in the ball loop 5 this moment has expired ball, enters this ball of ball loop, advances guide rail 4 to make it to mesh with worm screw 1 and cage type Worm 2 on a ball of the ball loop the other end.This is the pearl process of changing of cage type Worm.Changing in the pearl process of transmission device, minimum will have a ball and two worm screws to keep engagement to keep the normal operation of transmission device.In the cage type Worm transmission device of limited commentaries on classics transmission, unnecessaryly change pearl, do not need the ball loop yet.In cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, constantly rotatablely moving of worm screw 1 promotes the cycle operation of ball 3, and the cycle operation of ball 3 promotes constantly rotatablely moving of cage type Worm 2.
In cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, the sense of rotation of worm screw is that the helix direction of two worm screws is identical by the decision of the direction of the helix of two worm screws, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is identical, the spiral line direction of two worm screws is opposite, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is opposite.
In Fig. 2＜1〉in, when the left hand screw line 1 of worm screw during along the direction of arrow toward right rotation, promote ball 3 toward the directions of arrow along guide rail 4 moving linearlies, the straight line motion of ball 3 promotes the left hand screw line 2 of cage type Worm along the direction of arrow toward right rotation.This is that two helix of cylindrical worm directions are identical, turns to also identical running.
In Fig. 2＜2〉in, when the left hand screw line 1 of worm screw during along direction of arrow right rotation, promote ball 3 toward the directions of arrow along guide rail 4 moving linearlies, the straight line motion of ball 3 promotes the right-hand helix 2 of cage type Worm along the direction of arrow toward anticlockwise.This is that two helix of cylindrical worm directions are opposite, the transmission that sense of rotation is also opposite.
In cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, when guide rail was helix structure, the sense of rotation of two worm screws was relevant with the angle of spiral of three's helix direction and guide rail and driven worm screw.
When the helix direction of driven worm screw and guide rail is opposite, or driven worm screw is identical with the helix direction of guide rail, but the lead angle of driven worm screw is during greater than the angle of spiral of guide rail, the sense of rotation of two worm screws is by the decision of the helix direction of active worm screw and guide rail, two Hand of spiral are identical, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is opposite; Two helix direction are opposite, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is identical.
Identical with the helix direction of guide rail when driven worm screw, but the angle of spiral of driven worm screw is during less than the angle of spiral of guide rail, and the sense of rotation of two worm screws is by the helix direction decision of active worm screw and guide rail.The direction of two helixes is identical, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is identical; The direction of two helixes is opposite, and then the sense of rotation of two worm screws is opposite.
The angular velocity ratio of two worm screws is the inverse ratio of tangent value of the lead angle of two worm screws in the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, and formula is: i
12=tg λ
1÷ tg λ
2
The angular velocity ratio of cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is generally operational in below 150, and high reaches 500, and the two-stage transmission can reach more than 10000.
Fig. 3 is that two-stage cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, worm screw 1 are when rotating along the direction of arrow, promoting ball 3 moves along helical guideway 4, the spiral motion of ball 3, promoting lead angle is cage type Worm 2 rotations of 90 degree, the ball 23 that the rotation of cage type Worm 2 promotes in the second level moves along helix guide rail 24, the motion of ball 23 promotes partial helical tooth worm screw 22 toward arrow direction, thereby has finished the overall process of secondary transmission.In the secondary cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device, ball at different levels, spherical guide and ball loop are self-organizing systems.The first order is ball loop 5, and the second level is ball loop 25.
The good effect of cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is: two worm screws are directly engagement not, but with can be around the ball that rotates from the centre of sphere realization mechanical transmission that be meshed, the little transmission efficiency of slide relative is up to more than 96%, the angular velocity ratio of transmission is big, be generally operational in below 150, high reaches 500, and the secondary transmission can reach more than 10000.And the secondary cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is simple in structure.Transmission power is big, and the garden week of two worm screws is simultaneously last and many balls are meshing, makes full use of the torsional strength of worm screw, improves the transmission power of cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device greatly.Compact structure, volume are little, have only below 1/3rd of Worm and Worm Gear Driving device.The helix structure of worm screw makes steady, the noiseless of transmission device running, is suitable at a high speed and the work of the field of speedup.
Cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device can be widely used in the gearing down and the speedup transmission of machinery, also can be used for helicopter, in the machinery of specific (special) requirements such as mechanism hand.
Embodiment: the worm screw variable force is apart from asynchronous motor
In the prior art, the ouput force distance and the rotating speed of asynchronous motor are limited.And the worm screw variable force all has broad variable speed capability and variable force apart from ability apart from asynchronous motor.
The worm screw variable force is made up of the cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device and the motor that are assemblied in the asynchronous motor rotor apart from asynchronous motor.As shown in Figure 4 at the worm screw variable force in asynchronous motor, the worm screw of cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device is the output shaft of motor, lead angle is that the bayonet socket on cage type Worm two end ring of 90 degree matches with bayonet socket on the electric motor end cap bearing support, the end cap of cage type Worm and motor is joined together, become fixed " guide rail ".And housing that helical guideway and ball loop arranged and the rotor that constitutes motor unshakable in one's determination.When the rotating magnetic field of stator acted on rotor, the rotor of motor began rotation, and the ball that the helical guideway promotion in the rotor is engaged with is along the teeth groove moving linearly of cage type Worm.The rotation of the worm shaft that the straight line motion promotion of ball is engaged with.When the lead angle of helical guideway in the rotor and worm shaft did not wait, the worm shaft of motor will be exported rotating speed different with rotor and moment.The cooling fan of motor worm axle head should dispose the blade of appropriate size according to the speed of rotating speed to guarantee the heat radiation requirement of motor, when extremely hanging down as rotating speed, should assemble one group of gear at axle head and improve speed of cooling fan.
The screw axis of motor is to be pressed into or to get on the bus at lathe with garden steel billet material to make on the machine that baroclines.Helix on the motor worm axle is according to the requirement of the moment of motor and rotating speed design.The motor of deceleration force amplifier distance, it is the worm shaft of bull great-lift angle helix, and speedup subtracts the motor of moment, and it is the worm shaft of the little lift angle helix of single head or double end.Be equipped with axial thrust bearing between worm shaft and the electric motor end cap bearing support.Cage type Worm becomes with the steel pipe punching out or processes with the milling bed.The number of teeth of cage type Worm is satisfying under the prerequisite of mechanical strength in the motor, and many as far as possible, because the ball that the number of teeth meshes at most is many, the power of transmission is just big more.On the two end ring end faces of cage type Worm, have bayonet socket, cage type Worm is stuck on the two ends to match on the end cap.Ball in the motor inner driver adopts the non-magnetic stainless steel steel ball of polishing.Helix guide rail and ball loop in the transmission device form with the housing casting processing.The helix of helix guide rail is according to the rated speed of output and changes apart from designing.The few lead angle of a number of the motor slide rails of deceleration force amplifier distance is little, and the number of helical guideway of motor that speedup subtracts moment is many, and lead angle is big.Be equipped with rotor bearing between housing and the cage type Worm.Be equipped with oil sealing between housing and the end cap, pollution staor winding in case the oiling agent in the transmission device is dished out.Rotor core adopts garden key and snap ring to be fixed on the housing of transmission device.In asynchronous motor, the iron core of motor and the housing of transmission device cast inblock together form at special worm screw variable force.Cage type Worm-and-ball transmission device adopts liquid state or solid lubricant to be lubricated.
The explanation of Fig. 4 mark: 1. worm shaft, 2. cage type Worm, 3. ball, 4. helical guideway, 5. ball loop, 6. rotor core, 7. stator core, 8. electric machine casing, 9. big end cap, 10. little end cap, 11. rotor blades, 12. staor winding, 13. fan blades, 14. fan blade nuts, 15. fan housings, 16. supports, 17. bayonet sockets, 18. rotor bearings, 19. worm bearings, 20,21. oil sealings, 22. suspension hooks, 23. rotary shells.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of worm gears.It is characterized in that being formed by cage type Worm, worm screw, ball, spherical guide and ball loop.
2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cage type Worm is made up of the worm screw of the cage construction of rigidity.
3, cage type Worm according to claim 2 is characterized in that the helical tooth of described cage type Worm is made up of the rigid cage bar of worm screw.
4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described worm screw is assemblied in the cage of cage type Worm, and the shaft axis of two worm screws coincides, and distance of shaft centers is zero.
5, device according to claim 1: it is characterized in that described cage type Worm and the spiral alveolar of worm screw are the garden arcs that is meshed with ball.
6, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ball is made up of the rigid spheres of garden shape.
7, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described guide rail is made up of the track of rigidity.
8, guide rail according to claim 7, the rail level that it is characterized in that described rigid track are the garden arcs that is meshed with ball.
9, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ball loop is by being formed with the duct that the guide rail two ends contain the confession ball-recirculation motion that connects mutually.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102736 CN87102736A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Cage type worm-and-ball transmission device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102736 CN87102736A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Cage type worm-and-ball transmission device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87102736A true CN87102736A (en) | 1988-11-02 |
Family
ID=4814096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102736 Pending CN87102736A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Cage type worm-and-ball transmission device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN87102736A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-04-15 CN CN 87102736 patent/CN87102736A/en active Pending
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |