CN87102367A - Multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase - Google Patents
Multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase Download PDFInfo
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- CN87102367A CN87102367A CN 87102367 CN87102367A CN87102367A CN 87102367 A CN87102367 A CN 87102367A CN 87102367 CN87102367 CN 87102367 CN 87102367 A CN87102367 A CN 87102367A CN 87102367 A CN87102367 A CN 87102367A
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- vehicle frame
- wheelbase
- vehicle
- movable
- regulation
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase that can install detachable compartment and other operating apparatus additional, its principal feature is that wheelbase can change according to different needs, thereby it is big with the turn inside diameter radius to have overcome transportation, off-road capability is poor, Work vehicle is limit owing to the vehicle commander, can not directly load the shortcoming of long operating apparatus, the employing present technique can produce the cross country car that can carry out agricultural and engineer operation and can not carry additionally the trac. that car is used to transport.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The invention provides a kind of all-service vehicle, especially a kind of changeable wheelbase and can install the vehicle of detachable railway carriage additional is specially adapted to make a kind of trac. that not only can be used for agricultural and engineer operation but also can be used for transporting.
The prior art situation:
Till proposing the present invention, the vehicle that is used to transport turn radius in general is big, and off-road capability is poor, and inconvenience is used for agricultural and engineer operation; The vehicle that is used for operation, maneuverability, turn radius is little, adhesion of wheels is strong, be convenient to articulate multiple agricultural machinery and implement or engineer operation annex, but, the vehicle commander can not directly load long operating apparatus on it because limitting, if be used for transportation, just must articulate the trailer that has wheel, do not give full play to adhering to and load capacity of wheel, and make the brake system structure complexity,, make and think traditionally because the professional of vehicle lays particular stress at present, it is impossible changing wheelbase for different purposes, though the document (CA1075-074 that has by retrieval, GB1591-758) notice and be necessary the scalable framework that adopts a kind of field machine to use, but, be not purpose to change wheelbase just in order to change lengths of frame.
The purpose of invention:
The objective of the invention is for a kind of multiduty vehicle is provided, by changing wheelbase and different annexes being installed, what make that it can be flexible when short wheelbase carries out agricultural or engineer operation, can install bigger annex additional during long wheelbase, can not add trailer or add superimposed trailer and be used for transportation, also can transform to suitable wheelbase as required for dilly and install seat or sower etc. additional, enlarge the vehicle operation scope.
The content of invention:
All-service vehicle provided by the present invention comprises driving engine, vehicle frame, speed change and driving system, running gear and the coupling mechanism between them.It can dispose detouchable railway carriage or other operation annex as required, to satisfy different purposes.It is characterized in that having movable axletree and wheelbase regulating device.The vehicle itself can be that front-wheel, trailing wheel or front and back wheel all have propulsive effort.The vehicle can be divided into the movable axletree of partial sum place, axle tree place part, and the change of wheelbase realizes by the change of two parts relative position.Said movable axletree is meant can be along the axletree that changes the position on the bodywork length direction by adjusting, and it can have more than one, and it can be the front axle of vehicle, also can be the rear axle of vehicle.Said desired location can have more than two.Have wheel on the said movable axletree, all can have bearing, driving device, stop mechanism and general-duty vehicle, all can attach driving shaft shell, independence or dependent suspension system with spring and shock absorber.
Wheelbase regulating device can make movable axletree change the position on the bodywork length direction and be fixed on the desired location, and what be easier to adopt has following four kinds of not isostructures:
1, formed by basic vehicle frame, movable vehicle frame and connecting device.A basic vehicle frame and the movable vehicle frame that can connect with basic vehicle frame are arranged in this structure, on the movable vehicle frame movable axletree is installed, adjusting shaft apart from the time can adopt it along the flexible method of basic vehicle frame, behind its flexible arrival desired location, connected, can be obtained a wheelbase by connecting device.Said basic vehicle frame and movable vehicle frame all can adopt single-beam and twin-spar construction, and the former simple structure is convenient to adjust and the location, also are convenient to adopt make the roll rack and panel construction of whole back body around the swing of vehicle longitudinal axis; The latter has higher plane stability, carries out the operation and the observation of farming one class when also being convenient to short wheelbase.Basic vehicle frame and movable vehicle frame can partially overlap when short wheelbase, and said coincidence can be the coincidence of socket, also can be the coincidences of overlap joint.Said connecting device is used for fixing the relative position of a basic vehicle frame and movable vehicle frame, and it can adopt one group of fastener or more than one inhibiting device or non-return hook.Preferably use and comprise and to insert movable vehicle frame or basic vehicle frame more than one, or insert the bearing pin of basic vehicle frame and movable vehicle frame simultaneously, insert later bearing pin and can be located by stopping device by preventing from, also can be for the bearing pin that inserts straight down without stopping device.Under the simple scenario of said bearing pin is exactly a bolt, and this moment, the simplest locking component can use throttled nut and spring cotter.For rapidly reliably the exchanging shaft distance and loading and unloading railway carriage.Connecting device can adopt a kind of bearing pin that has locking component, insert this bearing pin of vehicle frame connection place and located by the locking component that stretches out from the side, said locking component end can present sphere, garden cylindricality, rectangle, preferably directly or indirectly be ejected by spring.If locking component is contained on the vehicle frame or from the outside and installs on the bearing pin, just can adopt a kind of simple car that translot is arranged or be drilled with the bearing pin of transverse holes.
Changing wheelbase in concrete the application also can adopt the movable vehicle frame reverses its direction and the method for amounting to basic vehicle frame, in the reverses its direction method, there are the more than one point of attachment that is used to be connected to basic vehicle frame one end, for example connection holes in the one or both ends of movable vehicle frame.Vehicle has one than long wheelbase when basic vehicle frame is positioned at an end of movable vehicle frame; Connected by connecting device again after the movable vehicle frame reverses its direction and just obtained one than short wheelbase.Amounting in the method to basic vehicle frame, connecting device comprises the swivel joint that connects basic vehicle frame and movable vehicle frame more than, and for example swivel joint can be made of the hole of a basic vehicle frame of Bolt Connection and movable vehicle frame one end.Basic vehicle frame can be at basic vehicle frame side Rotate 180 ° at movable vehicle frame top Rotate 180 ° or movable axletree, and can be located by bayonet lock, can obtain two disalignment distances.
2, formed by vehicle frame and connecting device.Vehicle has long vehicle frame in this structure, and movable axletree moves forward and backward then along vehicle frame and connected by connecting device, can obtain the disalignment distance.Coupling method can adopt securing device, also can adopt first kind of described bearing pin of scheme, is to use the thru-bolt of U type under the better simply situation, if axletree or axle housing are made the square-section, facilitates fixing and to the wheel transferring power.For located lateral, axletree or axle housing can have lateral protrusions, if this lateral protrusions do circularize just can be in rolling the shifting axle distance, if have spring and shock absorption device can be fixed in vehicle frame, also can be fixed in axletree, for the ease of moving and connect, movable removable vehicle frame of axletree upper unit, vehicle frame top can cooperate with railway carriage, and the front portion can be connected in basic vehicle frame.
3, formed by vehicle frame, connection thing and hookup.Obtain a short wheelbase in this structure, can obtain long wheelbase when axletree is linked in vehicle frame when axletree is connected in the connection thing, said connection thing can be a lengthening vehicle frame, also can be railway carriage or other Loaded goods, for example.Oil tank, they all can utilize separable axletree to move, and can be fixed in axletree if any spring and shock absorption device, also can be fixed in the connection thing.It is any that said connecting device can adopt above to be mentioned.
4, formed by vehicle frame, swing connected body and connecting device.In this structure, said swing connected body generally is that two ends have point of attachment, for example the make axletree and the oscillating axle of connection holes keep determining the supporter of distance, also can be the supporter of driving device simultaneously, driving device just can be adorned thereon or in it, driving device can be selected chain, gear or transmission shaft for use in a kind of structure in back.Swing connected body one end can be connected in vehicle frame, and the other end can be connected in movable axletree, and changing wheelbase can have dual mode: one forwards stretches out with the rear for utilizing an end that is connected in axletree; Its two end position on vehicle frame that for a change connects with vehicle frame.The swing connector separable just can avoid that basic vehicle frame is lifted during wheelbase is too high in change in itself and vehicle frame connection place as making, change the end be connected in vehicle frame and just can change wheelbase, also can not change this position and only will swing connected body and swing and link up again afterwards in the position of bodywork length direction.Connecting device can utilize little axle, transverse axis or the sprocket shaft that places on the vehicle frame, also can adopt securing device mentioned above and bearing pin.
In the various different schemes that change wheelbase, movable axletree all can have propulsive effort, and transmission of power can be finished with chain, gear cluster or transmission shaft.In chain transmission mode, the change of wheelbase be except that can utilizing movable axletree around a sprocket wheel axis swing realizes, can also be with the method for taking off or change chain; If adopt gear cluster, the part of gear cluster can be made and can take off when wheelbase shortens so, also can adopt the method around a Gear axis swing; The transmission shaft that uses in the time of can using in a kind of type of drive more than one at least at long wheelbase in the back is promptly arranged the axle of the retarder transmission of drive force in axle housing along the bodywork length direction.Its structure is divided into following three kinds again: 1. can take off when short wheelbase.After taking off, the input end of retarder can be directly connected in change speed gear box, and an end of transmission shaft is connected in change speed gear box when not taking off, and the other end is connected in retarder.Preferably select the direction transmission shaft that has flexible spline for use or select the transmission shaft that has the above releasable universal-joint of second mate for use, as long as gear box output end is made and can be cooperated with the retarder input end, one end of transmission shaft is made and can be cooperated with gear box output end, and the other end can cooperate with the input end of retarder and just can realize this disposable collocation.The connection of matching part can be adopted axial insertion method, and the advantage of this method is to load onto or to take off transmission shaft with axletree mobile; Also can adopt the method for horizontal connection, for example: in the releasable universal-joint, insert a little axle.2. can withdraw when short wheelbase, the mode of withdrawal can adopt the telescopic shaft structure, also can be with in the transmission shaft retraction change speed gear box.3. when adopting long wheelbase retarder one end is connected the transmission shaft that links to each other with change speed gear box, be connected in another mouth of change speed gear box during short wheelbase, this constructional feature is that major and minor axis is apart from having different speed ranges.
Adjusting shaft apart from the time for laborsaving and improve stability, but can use a kind of heavier position of revenue and expenditure frame support unit, it can have two kinds of structures: but 1. not time spent folding is turned to perpendicular to ground and by stopping device around an end by level attitude in use and is located.2. the time spent can not take off, and in the simplest structure of this kind, comprises a removable pole, horizontal through hole more than one is arranged on it, one end group originally vertically inserts in the hole on the vehicle frame, and an end is supported in ground, inserts in certain horizontal through hole with regard to the may command bearing height with a pivot pin.
In order to improve brake efficiency disalignment apart from the time transmit braking force to movable axletree, vehicle can use more than one variable-length lock pull bar.It can have following 3 kinds of structures: 1. the overlap joint or the coincidence of socket, and one section lock pull bar places when short wheelbase in the next door of another section lock pull bar or its in this structure; 2. power transmission place of a lock element is connected in the different parts of another section lock pull bar; 3. has one section removable or flexible lock pull bar that can amount to.
When vehicle transforms to short wheelbase and medium wheelbase, just can dispose not too big operating apparatus, as install sower, fertilizer applicator etc. additional.For dilly, if load onto a little railway carriage that has the seat, but just maneuverability ground is used for manned or transports the small lot goods.The simplest manned railway carriage is to utilize two detouchable rear mudguards, place the base plate in the middle of two mudwinges, the seat that can be placed on the mudwing to form, and also can install additional as required and block bar.
The advantage of invention:
Vehicle provided by the present invention can obtain plural wheelbase by regulating, operation neatly during short wheelbase can be installed bigger operating apparatus additional during long wheelbase, can install railway carriage or superimposed trailer again additional and be used for transportation, for dilly, can also install little railway carriage easily additional and be used for manned.Compare with present prior art, have higher functional price ratio.Such as be applied to single-wheel or two-wheeled tractor just can improve operation stability and reduce labor intensity.The transport systems that adds trailer with four-wheeled tractor is compared, and can economize cover wheel shaft and a brake gear, and be difficult for skidding, compact conformation, can also not adopt vapour (oil) brake gear and adopt simple mechanical braking device.
Description of drawings:
Several different embodiment of the present invention in accompanying drawing, have also been introduced.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have the lateral plan of railway carriage for a kind of precursor vehicle that utilizes the flexible change wheelbase of vehicle frame and not with the internal organs view of railway carriage.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have the incomplete lateral plan of railway carriage for a kind of rear-guard vehicle that utilizes the swing connected body to change wheelbase and not with the internal organs view of railway carriage.Show a kind of method from sprocket wheel to movable axletree transferring power that utilize among the figure simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is a kind of lateral plan that has railway carriage by the vehicle of transmission shaft rear-guard that connect to change wheelbase again that utilizes separable axletree.Show a kind of using method of the transmission shaft that when long wheelbase, uses at least among the figure simultaneously.
Fig. 6 is the another kind of lateral plan that has manned railway carriage that connects the vehicle that changes wheelbase again that utilizes separable axletree.But show a kind of structure of revenue and expenditure frame among the figure simultaneously.
Cutaway view when the bearing pin that Fig. 7 has a locking component for a kind of inside is in coupled situation.
Fig. 8 is a kind of part sectional view of bearing pin in running condition of vertical insertion.This structure also can be used for movable vehicle frame reverses its direction is changed wheelbase.
Specific embodiment is introduced:
A kind of vehicle that utilizes the flexible change wheelbase of vehicle frame is referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The transverse axis 10 at basic vehicle frame 1 rear, movable vehicle frame 3, railway carriage lug 5 run through connection by the bearing pin 2 that is similar to bolt and are locked by throttled nut 4, wherein movable vehicle frame 3 is formed by a crossbeam 11 with by two vertical beams that it connected, the bottom is equipped with steel spring and movable axletree, and wherein railway carriage 7 can be pressed shown in the arrow when self-unloading and overturn around rear axle.Be shown in dotted line wheel 9 position when short wheelbase on the movable axletree 6 among the figure, at this moment 2 of bearing pins are in the hole 8 at movable vehicle frame rear.
A kind of vehicle that utilizes the swing change wheelbase of swing connected body is referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Swing connected body 3 two ends respectively have a hole to be coupled to transverse axis 10 on movable axletree 5 and the basic vehicle frame 9 respectively, axletree and transverse axis all can rotate in the hole and be axially limited, when the wheel 8 on the movable axletree 5 is arranged in position shown in the figure dotted line, vehicle just obtains short wheelbase, the power that passes to wheel with chain 6 can be by finishing with the concentric sprocket wheel 1 of transverse axis with the concentric sprocket wheel 4 of axletree, and shock absorption device 12 can move with railway carriage 11 under connecting mode shown in Figure 4.Driving device to axle drive shaft 2,7 transmission of drive force can place in the basic vehicle frame 9.
A kind of vehicle that connects the change wheelbase again that utilizes separable axletree is referring to Fig. 5.When movable axletree 1 is connected in as railway carriage 7 bottoms of connection thing, vehicle has one than long wheelbase, at this moment finish by a removable transmission shaft 3 and two universal-joints 2 to the trailing wheel transferring power, the vertical beam 6 of railway carriage bottom is linked in basic vehicle frame 4 by bearing pin or bolt 5 among the figure, and wherein railway carriage 7 can be around pivot pin 8 upsets when self-unloading.Be shown in dotted line wheel 9 and the position of axle housing 10 when short wheelbase on the movable axletree 1 among the figure, at this moment transmission shaft 3 has been removed, and driving axle housing directly is coupled to change speed gear box.
Another kind utilizes the vehicle that connects the change wheelbase again of separable axletree, referring to Fig. 6.This vehicle has one than long vehicle frame 4, and the wheel 5 on the movable axletree can change the position to obtain plural wheelbase on the bodywork length direction, be shown in dotted line this wheel position when long and short wheelbase among the figure.Manned little railway carriage is made up of demountable seat 1, railing 2, mudwing 3 and the base plate that is added between two mudwinges.But 6 is a revenue and expenditure frame among the figure, and it can forward the level attitude shown in the dotted line to around axle 9 arrow directions, inserts a pivot pin and just can fix these two diverse locations of vertical and horizontal in hole 8 or hole 7.
A kind of inside has the bearing pin of locking component, referring to Fig. 7.Bearing pin 1 inserts the transverse axis 7 on the lug 4 of container 8 bottoms, movable vehicle frame 5, the basic vehicle frame, and by locking component 6 they is linked together.Locking component 6 just can be withdrawn to the line of centers of bearing pin in the groove in the transverse axis 7 when pulling back push rod 2, thereby takes out bearing pin.
A kind of bearing pin of vertical insertion is referring to Fig. 8.The bearing pin 2 that is welded on the vertical beam 3 of railway carriage 4 bottoms passes movable vehicle frame 1, by slotted nut 7 lockings, thereby railway carriage is anchored on movable vehicle frame.Transverse axis 6 on the basic vehicle frame 5 also is blocked in the anterior position of movable vehicle frame simultaneously, at this moment vehicle has one than long wheelbase, if take off railway carriage and with movable vehicle frame 1 together with wheel 8 reverses its direction, block transverse axis 6 with other two bolts replacement bearing pin 2 again, just can make vehicle have one than short wheelbase.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of all-service vehicle that comprises driving engine, vehicle frame, speed change and driving system, running gear and the coupling mechanism between them is characterized in that having movable axletree and wheelbase regulating device.
2,, it is characterized in that wheelbase regulating device is made up of basic vehicle frame, movable vehicle frame and connecting device as the all-service vehicle of claim 1 regulation.
3, as the all-service vehicle of claim 2 regulation, it is characterized in that connecting device is made up of bearing pin.
4, as the all-service vehicle of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that wheelbase regulating device is made up of vehicle frame and connecting device.
5,, it is characterized in that wheelbase regulating device is made up of vehicle frame, connection thing and connecting device as the all-service vehicle of claim 1 regulation.
6,, it is characterized in that wheelbase regulating device is made up of vehicle frame, swing connected body and connecting device as the all-service vehicle of claim 1 regulation.
7,, it is characterized in that the transmission shaft that uses at least more than is arranged when long wheelbase as the all-service vehicle of any one regulation in the claim 1,2,4,5,6.
8,, but it is characterized in that having a revenue and expenditure frame as the all-service vehicle of any one regulation in the claim 1,2,4,5,6.
9,, it is characterized in that having a variable-length lock pull bar as the all-service vehicle of any one regulation in the claim 1,2,4,5,6.
10,, it is characterized in that having a detouchable to have the manned railway carriage of seat as the all-service vehicle of any one regulation in the claim 1,2,4,5,6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102367 CN87102367A (en) | 1987-03-25 | 1987-03-25 | Multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102367 CN87102367A (en) | 1987-03-25 | 1987-03-25 | Multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87102367A true CN87102367A (en) | 1988-10-12 |
Family
ID=4813925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102367 Withdrawn CN87102367A (en) | 1987-03-25 | 1987-03-25 | Multipurpose vehicle with changeable wheelbase |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN87102367A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100361858C (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2008-01-16 | 武汉大学 | Axle-distance adjustable automobiles |
| CN102490561A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | Bpw(梅州）车轴有限公司 | Device convenient for adjusting automobile suspension axle distance |
| CN103029546A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-10 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Utility vehicle |
-
1987
- 1987-03-25 CN CN 87102367 patent/CN87102367A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100361858C (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2008-01-16 | 武汉大学 | Axle-distance adjustable automobiles |
| CN103029546A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-10 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Utility vehicle |
| CN103029546B (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2016-06-08 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Vehicle |
| CN102490561A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | Bpw(梅州）车轴有限公司 | Device convenient for adjusting automobile suspension axle distance |
| CN102490561B (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2014-09-10 | Bpw(梅州）车轴有限公司 | Device convenient for adjusting automobile suspension axle distance |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |