CN86210990U - Planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device - Google Patents
Planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN86210990U CN86210990U CN 86210990 CN86210990U CN86210990U CN 86210990 U CN86210990 U CN 86210990U CN 86210990 CN86210990 CN 86210990 CN 86210990 U CN86210990 U CN 86210990U CN 86210990 U CN86210990 U CN 86210990U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device. In the process that each planetary gear makes revolution round the common axis, the increment motion generated in the revolution process by the planetary gear and the input rotation speed can make superposition for reasons that the inclination of a speed regulation disk or the offset that the center of the speed regulation disk is relative to the central common axis of a planetary rack drives the increment motion mechanism of the planetary gear, and the rotation speed of an output shaft can make stepless changes along with regulating the inclination of the speed regulation disk or the offset of the center of the speed regulation disk and the common axis. The planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device can be widely suitable for the field of the mechanical transmission. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency and big transmission power. The transmission ratio has the stepless speed decrease from 1; 1 to 1; 0 and the stepless speed increase from 1; 1 to 1; 3, and thus, the planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device can be designed into serial new products of stepless speed-changing transmission devices.
Description
The utility model relates to the impulse stepless gear box field.
The impulse stepless gear box of prior art is divided into heterogeneous side-by-side connecting rod formula, cam rocker arm formula and three kinds of basic structures of eccentric hoop gear type by input mechanism.Their common feature is: free wheel device is the output mechanism of rotating speed, the rotating speed of prime mover is from crank-connecting rod, camshaft or eccentric hoop input, by changing the length of crank, the offset of the spacing of camshaft and free wheel device output shaft or change eccentric hoop, the angle of oscillation of rocking bar or crank is changed, thereby the corner of free wheel device is changed simultaneously, by the motion arranged side by side of several free wheel devicees, output ripple rotating speed.Because driving link is a crank-connecting rod, cam or eccentric hoop are so their structural type has determined to make the speedup speed changer.Also when running up, shake bigger simultaneously, the pulsating quantity of rotating speed is big when slowly running, operational efficiency is low, transmitted power is little, as editing by Ruan Zhongtang, in October, 1983, introduce German Democratic Republic VEB plant produced, S type and SM type eccentric hoop--gear type impulse stepless gear box in " mechanical stepless transmission " that China Machine Press publishes, adopt heterogeneous star arrangement, be fairly perfect a kind of in the existing pulsation speed variator, but because of rotating speed equally from the eccentric hoop input, so also can only make reduction of speed type speed changer, and transmission power is also less, has the problems referred to above equally.
The purpose of this utility model is to obtain a kind ofly can to make the stepless reduction of speed of velocity ratio from 1:1 to 1:0, also can make the stepless speedup of velocity ratio from 1:1 to 1:3, have simultaneously that transmission power is big, efficient is high, the output speed pulsation is little, is suitable for the stepless speed changes devices of the various use occasions of high, low speed.
Planetary mechanical variable-speed unit can be installed planetary planet carrier (1) more than two by one; Two with upper planetary gear (4); The free wheel device star wheel (2) that equates with planetary pinion quantity, live axle (5), drive bearing (6), speed disk (7), input and output sun gear gear (9), (10), input shaft (8) output shaft (11) and end cap (16), (20), support (18), rolling bearing (19), (26), and speed regulating mechanism (12) is formed.Speed regulating mechanism has manually or the electric spiral formula manual or electronic Worm-gear type, four kinds of structural types of hydraulic transmission or Pneumatic Transmission by the difference of use condition.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are planetary mechanical variable-speed unit working principle: the rotating speed of prime mover is from input shaft (8), sun gear gear (9), by the output sun gear gear (10) that steering handle motion transmission shown in the arrow (a) is given planetary pinion (4B), (4A) and is meshed with it, output shaft (11).Planetary pinion (4B), (4A) internal overrunning coupler star wheel (2) and roller (3), unidirectional wedging under the torque outside, make planetary pinion (4B), (4A) not press the rotation of direction shown in the arrow (b) around the axis of live axle (5), torque is passed to live axle (5) by free wheel device star wheel (2); Because the drive bearing (6) of live axle (5), be assemblied in speed disk (7) circular groove in the end cap (20), the restriction of groove can not radial motion, therefore torque is passed to planet carrier (1) by live axle (5) and rolling bearing (26), drives planet carrier (1) and rotates synchronously around the common axis at planet carrier center by arrow (c) direction.If the center of speed disk (7) is transferred to the center common axis of planet carrier (1) by speed regulating mechanism (12) and is overlapped, so the drive bearing (6) of each live axle (5).In speed disk (7) circular groove, in the revolution process of common axis, there is not radial motion with planet carrier (1); At this moment, between live axle (5), free wheel device star wheel (2), roller (3), planetary pinion (4B), (4A) and sun gear gear (9), (10) each driving component, except that drive bearing (6) in the circular groove of speed disk (7) around common axis revolution, all do not have relative movement; The intermeshing tooth of each gear is equivalent to the effect of key, and speed change gear is equivalent to a coupling.If operation speed regulating mechanism (12) is the center of speed disk (7), with a distance of common axis tuningout at planet carrier (1) center.So, the drive bearing (6) of each live axle (5) in the planet carrier (1), produce when every public affairs are goed around in the circular groove of speed disk (7) and once radially back and forth shake, this moves through the free wheel device star wheel (2) that crank is passed to live axle (5) and is connected with live axle (5).When the direction shown in the direction of shaking and Fig. 2 arrow (b) in the same way the time, free wheel device star wheel (2) is by roller (3) and planetary pinion (4B), (4A) wedging, and drive planetary pinion (4B), on input sun gear gear (9), surmount rolling, and drive planet carrier (1) and press the super previous angle of arrow (c) direction; Because the pitch circle of input sun gear gear (9), pitch circle greater than output sun gear (10), so planetary pinion (4B) that is meshed with input sun gear gear (9), less than the planetary pinion (4A) that is meshed with output sun gear gear (10), so planetary pinion (4B), when input sun gear gear (9) is gone up rolling, because in the planetary pinion (4B), the pitch circle difference (4A) and the differential commutation of gear, make the rotating speed of the big positive wheel gear of output (10) increase an additional movement opposite with input speed, after this motion and input speed are superimposed, the rotating speed of output shaft (11) is reduced.So handle speed regulating mechanism (12), regulate the side-play amount of the center of speed disk (7) with respect to common axis, just can make stepless variation in the rotating speed from 1 to 0.
Accompanying drawing 3 is planetary mechanical stepless reduction of speed speed changer embodiment, the shaft extension of motor or internal-combustion engine is packed into import in the axis hole of sun gear gear (9) here, has replaced input shaft (8).A connection end cap (46) directly links to each other motor or internal-combustion engine by bolt with the support of speed changer, form the speed change gear of a dynamo-electric unification, this structural type.Also can be used for accompanying drawing 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, speedup speed changer embodiment shown in Figure 13.The present embodiment principle is as illustrated in figs. 1 and 2, and it can be used in the various transmission occasions that need the reduction of speed speed change widely, and power level that can prime mover, is designed to a series of speed change gear.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the planetary mechanical stepless speedup speed changer embodiment of another kind of scheme.Here input shaft (8) is connected with planet carrier (1), and each planetary pinion (4) is made fan-shaped, directly is connected on the live axle (5), and the endoporus of each free wheel device star wheel (2) is shaped on the transmission profile of tooth, and is meshed with each planetary pinion (4) respectively.On live axle (5) and the corresponding position of free wheel device star wheel (2), block bearing (19) is housed, each free wheel device star wheel (2) is by axially-aligned.Be installed in jointly in combination outer shroud (13) and the outer shroud lasso (13L), an end of the outer shroud lasso support flange (14) that is connected, and be bearing on the end cap (16) by rolling bearing (15).In the central shaft hole of support flange (14), output shaft (11) is housed, and is connected with it by key (17), speed regulating mechanism (12) and speed disk (7) are contained on the end cap (20) of planet carrier (1) left end, and whole device is installed in the support (18).The course of action of present design and accompanying drawing 4 are basic identical.The gear ratio of the stepless speedup speed changer of present embodiment at 1:1 between the 1:1.5.It is mainly used in and requires speedup little, and transmission power is bigger, the little high occasion of rotating speed.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the speedup stepless change sprocket wheel embodiment that bicycle and manpower three-wheel are used car, present embodiment is equipped with the planetary pinion (4) of two symmetrical distributions in planet carrier (1), free wheel device star wheel (2), roller (3) are housed in planetary pinion (4), end face in free wheel device star wheel (2), be provided with the crank (50) that replaces live axle (5), the left sideboard (43) of planet carrier (1) is connected on the input shaft (8); The right side case of planet carrier (1) is by screw (29), axle shelves (30), be fixed on the left sideboard; The supported end of speed disk (7) is by bearing pin (31), anchor ear (32), be fixed on case (33) and the seat tube (34); The speed governing end of speed disk (7) is equipped with pulley (35) and Returnning spring (24), the other end of spring is fixed in the case (33) by pin (37), the outer tube of speed governing steel cable (21), be fixed in the outer rim boss of case (33), one end of steel cable passes pulley (35), is fixed on the pin (36) in the case (33); Output sun gear gear (10) is arranged steel ball supportings on input shaft (8) by two; It is not subjected to the rotation influence of input shaft (8).Be connected drive sprocket (38), steel bowl (39) of the right-hand member of output sun gear gear (10) can be packed in the middle joint hole of vehicle frame, steps on angle (β), (β of pedaling two planetary pinions (4) line of centres in crank (28) and the planet carrier (1)
1) be 20 ° to 30 °.The center line of speed disk (7) from the supported end to the adjustable side overlaps with the center of planet carrier (1), and with the angle (θ) of the upright battalion of vehicle frame (34) be 24 °.The movement process of present embodiment is: when the center of speed disk (7) overlaps with the center of planet carrier (1), its movement process is identical when overlapping with described two centers of Fig. 1, speed changer does not have the output of speedup degree, and at this moment sprocket wheel drives the flywheel rotation with its intrinsic speed ratio, drives bicycle and advances.When speed regulating mechanism by speed governing steel cable (21), one of the off-centring that makes speed disk (7) and planet carrier (1) apart from the time, input shaft (8) is being stepped under the driving of pedaling crank (28), make planet carrier (1) press arrow direction among Fig. 5, drive drive bearing (6) simultaneously, crank (50) revolves round the sun in the circular groove of speed disk (7); Because the offset at planet carrier (1) and speed disk (7) circular groove center produces drive bearing (6), crank (50) and once radially shakes in the process that every public affairs are goed around.This shakes the free wheel device star wheel (2) and the roller (3) that drive in the planetary pinion (4) and is synchronized with the movement, because the single effect of free wheel device, the output sun gear gear (10) that in the half cycle of motion, drives planet wheel (4) and be meshed with it, and be connected in sprocket wheel (38) in output sun gear gear (10), surmount the motion of input shaft (8) speedup, and flywheel is quickened by chain.Because in the revolution process of crank (50) in the speed disk circular groove, the acceleration that it shakes, by approximate sinusoidal curve rule speedup, wherein half cycle is a negative velocity, so two planetary pinions (4) replace speedup under the unidirectional drive effect of crank (50) and free wheel device, its result is equivalent to increase by two half-wave acceleration that are mutually 180 ° on the rotating speed of input, this acceleration has two Zero Crossing Points, so step on pedal crank (28) crank during upwards perpendicular to the road surface upper critical point and the Zero Crossing Point during planetary pinion (4) speedup coincide, human body is matched to stepping on the power that scrunches and the speedup amount of pedaling crank, make scrunch laborsaving.Because the power that scrunches of human body, pedal crank and be in the active force that human body scrunches between between before and after the upper critical point 30 ° and before and after the lower change point 30 ° and can not give full play to stepping on, later increase along with the crank angle, the power that scrunches of human body strengthens gradually to stepping on the active force of pedaling crank (28), but reducing gradually again after turning over 90 °, is zero when arriving lower change point.So the stepless change sprocket wheel of present embodiment, when planetary pinion (4) speedup was moved, the output speed of sprocket wheel (38) was similar in appearance to an ellipse garden shape sprocket wheel, and its ellipse garden degree increases greatly with the eccentric quantitative change of speed disk (7) misalignment planet carrier (1); So the stepless change sprocket wheel of present embodiment not only can be in the process of moving, the step-less adjustment travelling speed, and can meet human body to stepping on the moment requirement of the power of scrunching, make the bicycler brisk laborsaving.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 be usefulness such as motorcycle and motor tricycles around the property transmission device, the outer rim of planet carrier (1) is made profile of tooth or the drive belt flute profile that Transmitted chains is used, live axle (5) is made hollow shaft, is installed in the planet carrier (1) by axle sleeve (40), screw (29); The supported end of speed disk (7) by bearing pin (23), is fixed on the fixed plate (27); Speed disk (7) can be that fulcrum swings under the driving of speed governing steel cable (21) with bearing pin (23), the other end of speed disk is equipped with Returnning spring (24) and speed governing steel cable (21), steel rope sleeve is fastened in the fixed base (25), and the other end of speed governing steel cable (21) links to each other with speed regulating mechanism; Rotating speed is connected with wheel by axle or flange from exporting big positive wheel gear (10) output.The speed-change process of present embodiment is described identical with accompanying drawing 4.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 are free wheel device embodiment, have adopted double roller or logarithm spiral voussoir (3) here, give pressing spring (41) and are arranged on the spring bracket (42) between two rollers or the voussoir (3); Spring bracket (42) is stamped to form with steel plate, is installed in the axially middle groove of free wheel device star wheel (2); Spring (41) forms with multi-disc sheet metal closed assembly.It and planetary pinion (4) or outer shroud (13) constitute free wheel device.Because the centre that pressing spring is arranged on two rows of giving of roller or voussoir (3), can improve the density that is provided with of roller or voussoir (3), therefore, it has not only been simplified the manufacturing of free wheel device but also has improved bearing capacity.
Accompanying drawing 13 is the stepless speed variator embodiment of another design proposal, and live axle (5) has adopted the outer circulation rolling screw mechanism here, and ball nut is fixed in the planet axis hole of planet carrier (1); The circulating rolling spline is to improve transmission efficiency, speed disk (7) employing adjustable inclination angle oblique disk structure in the driving key of the right-hand member of rolling screw axle (5) and free wheel device star wheel endoporus adopts.The speed-change process of present embodiment is: when speed disk (7) is 0 when spending with respect to the tilt angle of planet carrier (1) end face, be that the slip end face of speed disk (7) is when vertical with the planet carrier common axis with input shaft (8), each live axle (5) is in input shaft (8), the rotation of planet carrier (1) drives down, by drive bearing (6), in the end face slip of speed disk (7); Because the end face of speed disk (7) does not have the inclination angle with respect to the end face of planet carrier (1), live axle (5) does not have axial motion in the revolution process.Therefore, planetary pinion (4) does not have additional movement under the wedge action of free wheel device star wheel (2) and roller or voussoir (3).Tooth engagement between planetary pinion (4) and the big positive gear of output (10) has played key, makes output big positive wheel gear (10), output shaft (11) and input shaft (8), and planet carrier (1) is rotation synchronously, and speed changer is equivalent to a coupling.When speed disk (7) by speed regulating mechanism (12), when making speed disk (7) become an inclination angle with respect to the planet carrier end face, each live axle (5), under input shaft (8), planet carrier (1) drive, in the time of the every revolution of planet carrier common axis, make an axially reciprocating in the ball nut (44) in being fixed in planet carrier (1).Because the effect of rolling screw, make live axle (5) in axial motion, produce rotatablely moving around self axis.This moves through the steel ball in the rolling spline and the wedge action of free wheel device star wheel (2), roller or voussoir (3), driving planetary pinion (4) surmounts and rotatablely moves, this moves through the additional output sun gear gear (10) of giving of engagement of tooth, and with input speed stack, make the rotation speed change of output shaft (11).Therefore need only the tilt angle that changes speed disk (7) by speed regulating mechanism (12), but with regard to the stepless change output speed.
Planetary mechanical stepless transmission of the present utility model has compact conformation, the characteristics such as transmitted power is big, efficient is high, gear ratio is big, smooth running. Its gearratio can be from 1:1 to 1:0 stepless deceleration or 1:1 to the stepless speedup of 1:3, be suitable for high, low speed transmission and Novel stepless variable-speed device that can speed governing in operation process. It can be widely applicable for vehicle, boats and ships, lathe, fluid machinery etc. needs the mechanical transmission fields of speed change, and can be designed to series of products.
Claims (8)
1, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit, it is characterized in that each planetary pinion (4) in the planet carrier (1), in the revolution process of planet carrier center common axis, make speed disk (7) center with respect to the offset of planet carrier (1) center common axis generation or the inclination angle of axial end by speed regulating mechanism (12), make each live axle (5) in the revolution process, drive planetary pinion (4) additional movement, and by free wheel device and input speed stack, it comprises:
(1), one in the planet carrier (1) of a center common axis rotation, have two axis holes that live axles (5) are installed at least, its axis is arranged around planet carrier center common axis;
(2), input shaft (8) and an output shaft (11) around planet carrier (1) center common axis rotation, this input shaft or output shaft one section extends in the planet carrier input sun gear gear (9) or exports in the axis hole of sun gear gear (10);
(3), an end of live axle (5) is equipped with a drive bearing (6).Each drive bearing (6) is placed in the speed disk (7) jointly;
(4), a planetary pinion (4) is arranged on the every live axle (5), each planetary pinion common with input sun gear gear (9) or output sun gear gear (10) engagement, but do not produce mechanical influence between each planetary pinion;
(5), speed disk (7) that is placed in planet carrier (1) left end or right-hand member;
(6), one is used to regulate the speed regulating mechanism (12) of speed disk (7) center with respect to planet carrier (1) center common axis offset or end face inclination angle.
2, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that live axle (5) has crankshaft and two kinds of structural types of rolling screw axle.
3, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that having by the different planetary pinions (4) of structural type: duplicate gear; The monomer gear; Three kinds of tooth sector, when adopting duplicate gear, does not wait in the joint garden of its two gear.
4, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that free wheel device by: free wheel device star wheel (2), logarithm spirality voussoir or roller (3), give pressing spring (41), spring bracket (42), planetary pinion (4) or outer shroud (13) and form.
5, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit according to claim 1, the centre that it is characterized in that free wheel device star wheel (2) external diameter axial length, the groove that fixed spring stent (42) usefulness is arranged, its endoporus are shaped on and live axle (5) tooth that keyway that transmission uses or the transmission that is meshed with planetary pinion (4) use that matches.
6, planetary mechanical variable-speed unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when live axle (5) is crankshaft, speed disk (7) end face is made the circular groove that rolling bearing is housed, its profile is made slide block type, when live axle (5) was rolling screw, speed disk (7) was designed to end face adjustable inclination angle formula swash plate.
7, the planetary mechanical variable-speed unit of a kind of internal-combustion engine or motor is characterized in that connecting end cap (46) by one, and internal-combustion engine or motor and speed change gear are unified into an integral body, constitutes a dynamo-electric stepless speed changes devices of unifying.
8, a kind of planetary mechanical variable-speed unit that is used for human-powered vehicle, its feature comprises:
(1), two planetary pinions (4) that have free wheel device star wheel (2), roller (3) are arranged in the planet carrier (1), the center of two planetary pinions (4) and planet carrier (1) center are in line and symmetric arrangement;
(2), the left sideboard (43) of planet carrier (1) is connected on the input shaft (8);
(3), output big positive wheel gear (10) its endoporus by two row's steel ball supportings on input shaft (8), simultaneously and two planetary pinions (4) engagement, its left end driving key wheel (38) that is being connected;
(4), step on and pedal the two ends that crank (28) is connected in input shaft (8), with angle (β), (β of two planetary pinions (4) line of centres in the planet carrier (1)
1) be respectively 20 °～30 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86210990 CN86210990U (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1986-12-31 | Planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86210990 CN86210990U (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1986-12-31 | Planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86210990U true CN86210990U (en) | 1988-12-28 |
Family
ID=4812565
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86210990 Withdrawn CN86210990U (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1986-12-31 | Planetary mechanical stepless speed-changing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN86210990U (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100342152C (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2007-10-10 | 秦桂强 | Progresive stepless variable speed gear |
| CN102278430A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-14 | 谢龙昌 | Planet-gear speed reducer |
| CN103899717A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-02 | 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 | Speed changing mechanism |
| CN102661371B (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2014-10-22 | 吴志强 | Composite type stepless transmission |
| WO2018014551A1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-25 | 戎华庆 | Swinging and rolling disk-type continuously variable transmission apparatus |
| CN111536213A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-14 | 庆安集团有限公司 | Adjustable centrifugal speed limiting device |
| CN111927928A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-13 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double-gear-ring eccentric rotation stepless speed change method |
-
1986
- 1986-12-31 CN CN 86210990 patent/CN86210990U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100342152C (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2007-10-10 | 秦桂强 | Progresive stepless variable speed gear |
| CN102661371B (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2014-10-22 | 吴志强 | Composite type stepless transmission |
| CN102278430A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-14 | 谢龙昌 | Planet-gear speed reducer |
| CN103899717A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-02 | 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 | Speed changing mechanism |
| WO2018014551A1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-01-25 | 戎华庆 | Swinging and rolling disk-type continuously variable transmission apparatus |
| CN111536213A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-14 | 庆安集团有限公司 | Adjustable centrifugal speed limiting device |
| CN111536213B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-03-14 | 庆安集团有限公司 | Adjustable centrifugal speed limiting device |
| CN111927928A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-13 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double-gear-ring eccentric rotation stepless speed change method |
| CN111927928B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-02-09 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | Double-gear-ring eccentric rotation stepless speed change method |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| RN01 | Renewal of patent term | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |