CN86201875U - Hydraulically driven hammer for hammer forging - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic power unit for forging hammers. As the feeding striking method and the high integration structure are adopted, the utility model has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high efficiency, no oil leakage, etc., controls the striking energy and realizes the rapid return through closing the striking valve at optional position, eliminates the long mould baking time and the rebound continuous striking phenomenon existing in the oil drainage striking method, and increases the flexible regulation of the striking energy.

Description

Hydraulically driven hammer for hammer forging

The utility model is that a kind of hammer that belongs to is gone up the oil-feed strike mode hydraulic power head that uses.

Present hydraulic hammer generally adopts " oil extraction strike " mode to work---and accumulation of energy when being the tup backhaul, realize hitting by quick oil extraction then.This mode has following shortcoming: 1. must wait to hit to be over just can close to hit and cut down the realization backhaul.If close too early, then will hinder the release of tup blow energy, and cause the pressure of backhaul oil pocket suddenly to increase fragile parts; If it is slow to close, then can prolongs the stewing mould time, and will cause resilience double hit phenomenon, thereby reduce die life even break forging.2. in hydraulic cylinder, the backhaul oil pocket is in high pressure for a long time, and the leakage of oil tendency is big.

For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, having the people also once to change " oil extraction strike " mode into " oil-feed strike " mode---open fast to hit when promptly hitting and cut down, the hydraulic pressure that discharges accumulator can be to realize hitting action.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that mode is hit in known oil-feed.Its operation principle is as follows: the cavity of resorption of hammer piston (Fig. 1-2) is under the hydraulic pressure from constant displacement pump (Fig. 1-6) and solution-air accumulator (Fig. 1-5) all the time.As the switch that pushes down on the pedal (Fig. 1-14), cut down (Fig. 1-9) by main the cunning, when the piston upper chamber oil supply, piston hydraulic pressure up and down is equal, thereby because the effect of differential piston and tup deadweight, promotion tup (Fig. 1-1) is realized strike.Before tup begins near forging to hit, the main sliding automatic transposition of cutting down, piston upper chamber stops oil-feed and to fuel tank (Fig. 1-7) oil extraction, therefore hits the back tup and promote immediately under the effect of piston cavity of resorption oil pressure.

The advantage of this hydraulic power head is: the piston cavity of resorption is under the high pressure all the time, so hit end of a period tup energy automated backhaul; The piston upper and lower cavity is oil pressure, can simplify the sealing of piston.

See " hydraulic machinery " magazine, total 42 phases, 48～50 pages of 1972 the 6th phases." the external hydraulic die forging hammer current situation " that Jinan Casting And Forging Machinery Research Institute's information group is write

The shortcoming of above-mentioned hydraulic power head is: main sliding cutting down adopts the sliding structural energy that cuts down to lose big; And the piston cavity of resorption is under the high pressure all the time.Leakage of oil tendency is big, and this just hydraulic hammer be difficult to one of major reason of penetration and promotion.

The utility model aims to provide a kind of various advantages with " oil-feed strike " mode, and structure is simple more compact, highly integrated, can eliminate the hydraulic hammer unit head that fluid leaks outside basically again.

The utility model hydraulic power head adopts " oil-feed strike " mode to work.Structure is as shown in Figure 2: by hydraulic cylinder, hit valve, solution-air accumulator and hydraulic control circuit etc. and form.Wherein hydraulic cylinder, strike valve and solution-air accumulator are highly integrated parts.The oil suction chamber of hydraulic cylinder (Fig. 2-17) is engaged and forms with being contained in its upper end and can hitting valve (Fig. 2-1) etc. along the tubular that cylinder cap (Fig. 2-4) inwall slides by inner cylinder body (Fig. 2-15).With the isolated annular accumulator of solution-air that hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder body outer wall and outer cylinder body (Fig. 2-11) inwall constitute, the top of its shading ring (Fig. 2-12) is oil pocket (Fig. 2-10), and the bottom is air cavity (Fig. 2-13).During strike, hit opening of valves, open annular oil-in (Fig. 2-8), and seal oil drain out (Fig. 2-5) simultaneously, the fluid in the accumulator enters oil suction chamber rapidly, promotes tup and realizes hitting action; During backhaul, hit valve and close, the annular oil-in of accumulator and oil suction chamber is cut off, and oil drain out is opened simultaneously, thereby tup is realized quick return under the air cushion pressure effect of hydraulic cylinder backhaul chamber (Fig. 2-14).Because oil suction chamber only is in high pressure in short-term at the utmost point that hits stroke, and all the other times all are in unloading condition, thereby the leakage of oil tendency is minimum.

Hitting valve is a tubular structure thing, and its keying can directly be controlled by magnetic valve (Fig. 2-6).This strike valve is owing to adopted the inner equilibrium principle of hydraulic coupling, only need overcome its gravity and frictional resistance can move, so active area of its control oil pocket (Fig. 2-2) and (Fig. 2-3) is minimum, thereby its power amplification coefficient power amplification ratio and action sensitivity are much bigger than general plug-in type cone valve.

The hammer stem piston cavity of resorption (Fig. 2-14) of the utility model hydraulic hammer unit head, i.e. hydraulic cylinder backhaul chamber.It is an air cushion.Its purpose is to tup with suitable opening speed.This air cushion is a sealing, loss-free (having only a spot of leakage loss) and the cushion that need not to control basically.Hitting stroke, air cushion is compressed; In the reversion journey, then the pressure by means of air cushion makes the tup quick return.It is replenished leakage loss respectively termly and is got rid of long-pending oil by two gate valves, and can align its backhaul pressure as required easily, thereby can reach the purpose of levelling tup opening speed: when the gate valve of opening with accumulator bottom air cavity (Fig. 2-13) UNICOM can make the pressure of air cushion raise; Opening exhaust gate valve then can make air cushion pressure reduce.

Hammer stem piston cavity of resorption adopts the advantage of air cushion to be: (1) is controlled because of need not, thereby has simplified the control system of backhaul gas circuit; (2) easily realize quick return, and opening speed is aligned by the pressure that changes air cushion easily; (3) got rid of the possibility that fluid leaks outside basically, improved safety in utilization, even and the hammer stem piston small leakage is arranged, do not influence the operate as normal of machine:, all be discharged into oil sump after then each the strike if gas drains to epicoele yet; If oil leakage (is precedingly explained to cavity of resorption.This leakage rate is few), can regularly discharge by exhaust gate valve after then being introduced into air cushion bottom.

Accumulator cavity of resorption (Fig. 2-13) also is a loss-free basically seal air cavity, and it is automatically inflated and tonifying Qi by a branch water air filter and a pressure-reducing valve by a source of the gas.

The hydraulic control circuit of the utility model hydraulic power head is simple and reliable, and is flexible to operation.Principle is as shown in Figure 2: wherein unidirectional unloading overflow valve (Fig. 2-9) is used for the oil-filled and automatic deloading of accumulator; The slow motion (slow motion must not have under the oil condition carry out) of the overload protection of electromagnetism unloading overflow valve (Fig. 2-7) off-load when being used for No Load Start, accumulator and oil extraction and control tup at accumulator; Magnetic valve (Fig. 2-6) is used to control the action that strike is cut down.

In sum, the utility model hydraulic hammer unit head, owing to adopt oil-feed to hit the structure of mode work and Highgrade integration, thereby have simple and compact for structure; The transmission efficiency height; Basically can eliminate the possibility that fluid leaks outside; Can close in strike stroke optional position and hit valve realization quick return; Long and resilience double hit phenomenon of existing stewing mould time of " oil extraction strike " mode of having eradicated; Increased the flexibility of regulating blow energy; Owing to adopted accumulator, thereby also can significantly reduce the installed power level of machine.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structure principle chart that mode hydraulic hammer unit head is hit in known oil-feed.Among the figure: the 1-tup; The 2-piston; The 3-hydraulic cylinder; 4-gas; The 5-accumulator; The 6-hydraulic pump; The 7-fuel tank; Manual control when 8-regulates mould is cut down; The 9-main slide valve; The 10-pilot valve; The 11-magnetic plug; The 12-signalling generator; The 13-electronic-controlled installation; The 14-pedal switch.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model hydraulic hammer unit head.Among the figure: 1-hits valve; 2,3-control oil pocket; The 4-cylinder cap; The 5-oil drain out; The 6-magnetic valve; 7-electromagnetism unloading overflow valve; The 8-oil-in; The unidirectional unloading overflow valve of 9-; The 10-oil pocket; The 11-outer cylinder body; The 12-shading ring; The 13-air cavity; 14-hydraulic cylinder cavity of resorption; The 15-inner cylinder body; 16-hammer stem piston; The 17-oil suction chamber.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of oil-feed hit the hydraulic hammer unit head of mode, by hydraulic cylinder, hit valve, gas one liquid accumulator and hydraulic pressure and pressure control loop is formed.It is characterized in that:

(1) oil suction chamber of hydraulic cylinder [Fig. 2-17] can slide along cylinder cap [Fig. 2-4] inwall by inner cylinder body [Fig. 2-15] be contained in inner cylinder body top, and the tubular of sealing oil-in [Fig. 2-8] in non-strike journey time is all the time hit valve [Fig. 2-1] and formed;

(2) hydraulic cylinder cavity of resorption [Fig. 2-14] is an air cushion, by the easy air-channel system control of a cover;

(3) the isolated annular accumulator of gas one liquid is made of hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder body outer wall and outer cylinder body inwall and shading ring [Fig. 2-12], and communicates with the hydraulic cylinder oil suction chamber by annular oil-in [Fig. 2-8].

2, hydraulic hammer unit head according to claim 1 is characterized in that hitting the tubular construction that valve is a hollow, and two minimum control oil pockets (Fig. 2-2) and (Fig. 2-3) is arranged cutting down between body and the inboard wall of cylinder cover.

3, hydraulic hammer unit head according to claim 1 is characterized in that hydraulic control circuit only has unidirectional unloading overflow valve (Fig. 2-9), electromagnetism unloading overflow valve (Fig. 2-7) and magnetic valve (Fig. 2-6) to constitute.

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