CN86103570B - Power-saving type electromagnetic mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of power-saving type electromagnetic device, comprise iron core, main coil, armature on the above-mentioned iron core, the elastic bias components that armature is resetted, connect the latching device of electric adhesive finger lock armature at main coil, above-mentioned latching device is electrodynamic type or mechanical type, and unblanking can be manual, or with mobilizable secondary coil on the armature, and the repulsive force that is produced between the fixing main coil makes secondary coil motion auto-unlocking.This calutron can be after connecing electric adhesive pins with latching device, and outage, can save the electric energy of keeping adhesive usually and being consumed greatly.Be applicable to electromagnet, A.C. contactor etc.

Description

Power-saving type electromagnetic mechanism

The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic mechanism, particularly can be used for electromagnet, the electromagnetic mechanism that economizes on electricity in A.C. contactor and the relay etc.

All have iron core, coil (to call main coil in the following text), armature, spring biasing element on the iron core in the electromagnetic mechanism of prior art, but this mechanism's drivening rod or lever can drive each contact and use as relay or A.C. contactor as electromagnet usefulness.These mechanisms all need to switch on to keep its attracting state, till outage discharges always.Owing to switch on during work always, so increased energy consumption, particularly large-scale A.C. contactor loss is very big, want about 45 watts of loss active power, reactive power 163 to lack as the A.C. contactor of one 250 peace, even the A.C. contactor of 40 peaces is also wanted about 15 watts of power consumption, because this electric appliances scope of application is very wide, quantity is very big, total power consumption is very big, and not only generates heat but also noise is arranged.Record the utility model of " energy-saving electromagnet " by name in the patent document CN85200428U of bulletin on December 20th, 1985, it is to utilize a cover self-locking device and a trip free device in electromagnetic mechanism.Coil moment energising, the armature adhesive, and automatically locked; Instantaneous once more energising, the action of trip free device, armature discharges.The normal work period coil need not energising, and coil does not consume energy.But in the disclosed mechanical lock buckle device of this utility model, its ratchet-type trip free device only can be used in the electromagnetic mechanism that iron core and armature can move simultaneously, fix and the movable electromagnetic mechanism of armature and can not be used for iron core, again this utility model propose relevant iron core fix and in the movable electromagnetic mechanism of armature embodiment have two: one for to make locking bolt with the clavate armature of solenoid, its shortcoming is that this locking bolt is flexible not as dead bolt, two is to overlap with annular permanent magnnet at armature and iron core outside, the adhesive of armature is then controlled by feed opposite polarity pulse current respectively in coil with release, this like this structure just can not be suitable for existing calutron with alternating current control, and except that primary coil, also to add permanent magnet on the structure, also will be provided with pulse-generating circuit on the circuit, this all can increase cost.

In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of electromagnetic mechanism that can economize on electricity, install a latching device additional, after electromagnetic mechanism energising adhesive, promptly pin automatically by latching device, promptly the electricity of delivering in this electromagnetic mechanism can be broken then, still can keep attracting state.When needs discharge, latching device is unblanked to get final product.

The present invention also aims to provide a kind of electronic latching device, so that it locks and unblanks all by its control.

The present invention also aims to provide a kind of mechanical latching device.

The present invention also aims to provide a kind of mechanism that this mechanical type latching device machinery is unblanked.

The present invention also aims to provide a kind of unlocking mechanism that when needs discharge, makes this mechanical type latching device auto-unlocking.

For achieving the above object, a kind of electromagnetic mechanism provided by the invention comprises iron core, armature, the main coil on the above-mentioned iron core, the elastic bias components that armature is resetted, and it is characterized in that pinning automatically after adhesive the latching device of armature.

A kind of electromagnetic mechanism provided by the present invention also can comprise the electronic latching device with electromagnet, armature pin and flexible member.

A kind of electromagnetic mechanism provided by the present invention also can comprise the mechanical type latching device that has latch hook.

A kind of electromagnetic mechanism provided by the present invention also can comprise the control device that above-mentioned mechanical type latching device is unblanked.

A kind of electromagnetic mechanism provided by the present invention also can comprise the control device that utilization unblanks the mechanical type latching device to the repulsive force that secondary coil produced.

Major advantage of the present invention is to save electric energy, because the winding of electromagnetic mechanism of the present invention is only in the instantaneous electricity consumption of connecting and disconnecting.The self-locking owing to very big not electricity consumption of part-time simultaneously, thereby there are not common noise and a temperature rise, also can redesign this mechanism so in design, further reduce the volume of electromagnetic mechanism, reduce the consumption and the enamelled wire consumption of silicon steel sheet, cancellation short-circuited conducting sleeve etc., thus raw materials consumption reduced, further reduce cost.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing most preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view with the electromagnetic mechanism of electronic latching device;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the circuit of mechanism shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the schematic sectional view of a kind of electromagnetic mechanism when adhesive with mechanical lock buckle mechanism;

Fig. 4 is the schematic sectional view of mechanism shown in Figure 3 after release;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a kind of circuit of mechanism shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of circuit of mechanism shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 7 is contained in the main cutaway view of signal of the middle a kind of electromagnetic mechanism of E shape iron core for mechanical lock buckle mechanism;

Fig. 8 is the side cross-sectional schematic of mechanism shown in Figure 7;

Among the figure same or similarly parts represent with same reference number.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view with the electromagnetic mechanism of electronic latching device.Wherein electromagnetic mechanism comprises U-iron core [6], armature [3], main coil [7] is on magazine [19], and be sleeved on the iron core [6], armature [3] can be around its rotational with axle [20], adhesive armature when main coil [7] is switched on, this state make the resilient force of the bias spring [not drawing among the figure] that armature resets that armature [3] and iron core [6] are separated when main coil [7] cuts off the power supply as shown in Figure 1.More than be the structure and the working condition of the electromagnetic mechanism of routine.In order to economize on electricity, increased the electrodynamic type link gear, comprise the iron core [21] of a side that is connected iron core [6], be contained in that this iron core [21] is gone up and the secondary coil [27] on the framework [24], flexible member such as spring [22] and ligulate armature [23].When main coil [7] is switched on, secondary coil [27] no power, spring [22] is released ligulate armature [23] left.One chamfered portion [23a] is arranged, the dead bolt of the springlock on the similar door of its effect on the ligulate armature [23].After main coil [7] energising, inhale moving armature [3], after the chamfered portion [23a] that this armature [3] is pressed in ligulate armature [23] is gone up it is pushed away to the right, so do not influence the motion of armature [3], make armature [3] adhesive fully at last, spring this moment [22] pushes ligulate armature [23] in the groove [30] of armature [3], and armature [3] is pinned.Main coil this moment [7] just can cut off the power supply, as desires to unblank to make secondary coil [27] energising, inspiration ligulate armature [23], and armature [3] is just discharge under the effect of elastic bias components.Can be provided with limit switch [113] in this mechanism, this armature is pressed in and makes main coil [7] outage on the limit switch [131] after armature [3] is by adhesive, and prepares to connect the power supply of secondary coil [27].

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of circuit of electromagnetic mechanism shown in Figure 1." connection " button AN1 is wherein arranged, " disconnection " button AN2, limit switch [113], main coil [7], secondary coil [27], A, B are for connecing the two-end-point of power supply (as 220 volts).In the time will connecting, can press " connection " button, this moment is because armature [3] not adhesive as yet, be not pressed on the limit switch [113], so its a, b two ends communicate, and c, d two ends disconnect, thereby electric current from A end through a, the b of " connections " button AN1, limit switch [113] end, main coil [7] to the B end, form the loop, so with under armature [3] suction, and pinned by latching device, after armature [3] was pressed on the limit switch [113], its a, b two ends disconnected and c and d connection, main coil [7] outage, no longer power consumption, and the power supply of secondary coil [27] is connected in preparation.Can be when needs disconnect by " disconnection " button AN2, this moment, electric current was held to B through c, the d of " disconnection " button AN2, limit switch [113] end, secondary coil [27] from the A end, so secondary coil [27] energising sucks ligulate armature [23], electronic latching device is unblanked, and armature [3] is discharged.

This is a kind of calutron with mechanical type latching device referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, this mechanism comprises hook arm [13], axle [5], backstop axle [8], elastic bias components and unlocking apparatus, axle [5] pierces in the armature [3], hook arm [13] has hook [13b] and lever arm [13a], backstop axle [8] is fixed on the iron core [6], hook arm [13] can be rotated around axle [5], and backstop axle [8] can be made by steel wire, and elastic bias components [11] can be a spring leaf, it is near living hook arm [13], and the one end is fixed in the framework or iron core of main coil [7].The bill [13b] of hook arm [13] is triangular in shape, and when main coil [7] when not switching on (as shown in Figure 4), armature [3] separates with iron core [6], and the bill [13b] of hook arm [13] leans against on the backstop axle [8].When main coil [7] is switched on (as shown in Figure 5), armature [3] is attracted and moves downward, and hook arm [13] also moves downward with it, after the adhesive, just in time hook backstop axle [8], main coil this moment [7] can cut off the power supply, hooked backstop axle [8] because of hook arm [13], made the unlikely release of armature [3].This mechanism is located among the arm of U-iron core in the drawings, obviously also can be contained in the iron core outside.For being discharged, calutron can establish unlocking apparatus.Unblank for ease of automatically-unhooked, armature [3] can be made T shape, iron core [6] is made " U " shape, on the vertical section of armature [3], add one and can go up the secondary coil [4] of motion at this armature [3], its framework [25] blocks with the elastic circlip [26] that passes armature [3], the end of the arm [13a] that stretches out from hook arm [13] is when the adhesive of this calutron, can lean against on the framework [25] of secondary coil [4], because the framework [19] of main coil [7] is fixed on the iron core [6] and can not moves, block as available jump ring [31], can utilize the master like this, repulsive force between secondary two coils moves upward secondary coil [4], pusher arm [13a] makes hook arm [13] rotate and break off relations around axle [5] clockwise, and armature [3] is discharged.Between two coils, produce a kind of embodiment of repulsion for making secondary coil [4] short circuit earlier, later on when main coil [7] is switched on since the secondary coil [4] of short circuit in the magnetic field that induced current produced, total magnetic field in iron core [6] and the formed magnetic circuit of armature [3] is weakened, the direction in the magnetic field that its secondary coil [4] is produced is opposite with the direction in the magnetic field that main coil [7] is produced, promptly the magnetic pole at the abutting end of two coils is an identical polar, thereby generation repulsive force, because main coil [7] is fixed, and secondary coil [4] is mobilizable, so this repulsive force moves upward secondary coil [4], by hook arm [13], latching device is unblanked.The visible Fig. 5 of conversion on its circuit, conversion is by limit switch [113] control, and armature when adhesive [3] is pressed in limit switch [113] and upward then is not pressed onto on the limit switch [113] when it discharges.This limit switch [113] can adopt two groups of normally opened contacts in Fig. 5, the limit switch of one group of normally-closed contact, Fig. 5 is a kind of a kind of circuit connecting mode that utilizes the secondary coil short circuit to break off relations, be that it comprises " connection " button AN1, " disconnection " button AN2, main coil [7], secondary coil [4], two normally opened contact 28b and 28c, a normally-closed contact 28a.A, B are respectively two terminals of power supply (for example exchanging 220 volts of power supplys), normally opened contact 28b is in parallel with secondary coil [4], when connecting, can make secondary coil [4] short circuit, normally-closed contact [28a] is connected between one of an end of main coil [7] and " connection " button AN1 end, normally opened contact [28c] is connected between one of an end of main coil [7] and " disconnection " button AN2 end, the other end of button AN1 and the other end of AN2 link and link power end A, and the other end of main coil [7] then links to each other with power supply B.

Limit switch [113] is in not pressured state when the electromagnetic mechanism access failure, thus normally-closed contact [28a] connection, and normally opened contact [28b, 28c] disconnects.Electric current is from power end A warp " connection " button AN1 when pressing " connection " button AN1, the normally-closed contact [28a] of limit switch [113], main coil [7] is to power end B, form the loop, main coil [7] work, inhale lower armature [3], latching device is hooked, armature [3] is pressed in and normally-closed contact [28a] is disconnected and normally opened contact [28b, 28c] communicates simultaneously.So electromagnetic mechanism outage, keep calutron still to be in attracting state, and make secondary coil [4] short circuit on electric, prepare latching device to be broken off relations at main coil [7] by latching device.Can press " disconnection " button AN2 when disconnecting as the needs electromagnetic mechanism, this moment, electric current was from power end A warp " disconnection " button AN2, normally opened contact [28c], main coil [7] is to power end B, form the loop, main coil [7] energising, because secondary coil this moment [4] is by short circuit, thereby two produce repulsive force between the coil, because secondary coil [4] is mobilizable, thereby move upward and promote hook-type bar [13] and rotate and make its unhook, make armature [3] release after unclamping " disconnections " button simultaneously, no longer be pressed on the limit switch [13], make normally opened contact [28b, 28c] disconnect, the break power supply of main coil [7], secondary coil [4] open circuit simultaneously, normally-closed contact [28a] is connected simultaneously, return to initial state, prepare to connect once more.This moment electromagnetic mechanism the visible Fig. 4 of state, latching device breaks off relations, secondary coil [4] falls, limit switch [113] is pressurized no longer, armature [3] discharges.As electromagnetic mechanism is not the vertical laying state that is in shown in Fig. 4,5, automatically resets for making secondary coil [4], can lay one or more suitable flexible springs (not drawing among the figure) that have in the middle of armature [3] and secondary coil [4], and secondary coil [4] is resetted.Though [4] short time of secondary coil in the above-mentioned situation, the electric current on the main coil [7] was also little, and power supply is also had no adverse effects by short circuit.Fig. 6 is that another kind of the utilization produces the circuit diagram that repulsive force breaks off relations, and its principle is that sense of current makes it can produce repulsive force in control main coil [7] and the secondary coil [4].Only main coil [7] energising during connection, then main when disconnecting, secondary coil [7 and 4] is all switched on, but its inflow current end one is an end of the same name, one is the different name end, so identical generation repulsive force of the polarity of each magnetic pole of two coil adjacents, its a kind of circuit connects as shown in Figure 6, main coil [7] is wherein arranged, secondary coil [4], one end of two coil band round dots [] is an end of the same name, limit switch [113] has a normally opened contact and a normally-closed contact, when armature [3] adhesive, its normally opened contact is connected, i.e. its end points g, k communicates, when armature [3] when being released, its normally-closed contact is connected, i.e. its end points e, f communicates.Button AN1 is " connection " button, button AN2 is " disconnection " button, the end of button AN1 and the end of button AN2 link to each other and link power end A, one end of main coil [7] links to each other through the other end of normally-closed contact with " connection " button, the other end of main coil [7] links to each other with power end B, the end of the same name of secondary coil [4] and main coil [7] is linked the terminals h and the g of normally opened contact respectively, and the other end of secondary coil [4] then links to each other with the other end of " disconnection " button AN2.When pressing " connection " button AN1, power supply is added to through the normally-closed contact (its terminals are f, e) of this button and limit switch [113] and makes armature [3] by adhesive on the main coil [7], the latching device hook is good, and armature [3] is pressed on the limit switch [113], its normally-closed contact is disconnected, and normally opened contact is connected, and main coil [7] is outage automatically.When pressing " disconnection " button AN2, electric current is by the non-same polarity of power end A through " disconnection " button AN2, secondary coil [4], secondary coil [4], the end of the same name of secondary coil [4], (its terminals are h to the normally opened contact of limit switch, g), the end of the same name of main coil [7], main coil [7], the other end of main coil [7] form the loop to power end B.Main coil this moment [7] all alives with secondary coil [4], but because the electric current of secondary coil [4] flows into from non-same polarity, and the electric current of main coil [7] to be end of the same name from secondary coil [4] flow into, thereby the polarity of two magnetic poles that produced of coil abutting end is identical, so produce repulsive force, repel mobilizable secondary coil [4], it is moved upward.Promote buckle arm [13] motion, latching device broken off relations, unclamp " disconnections " button after, armature discharges, the recovery initial state.

Method with machinery also can make latching device break off relations obviously, as lever segment [13a] or its buckle position [13b] that lever (not drawing among the figure) stirs secondary coil [4] or stir hook arm [13] is set gets final product.Electronic in addition unhook circuit also is feasible with button or switch control directly without as shown in the figure limit switch.Mechanical lock buckle mechanism also can adopt other similar means.

Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8.The iron core of the electromagnetic mechanism among the figure [6] is an E shape iron core, its armature [3] also is E shape iron core, be wound with fixing main coil [7] and movable secondary coil [4] respectively on each middle part iron core, its latching device is a mechanical type, the same with Fig. 3 with Fig. 4, use hook arm [13], backstop axle [8] etc., its operation principle is all identical with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 with the course of work.Limit switch [113a] and [113b] are contained in two side positions as shown in Figure 8, and the magazine of secondary coil [4] is pushed down this limit switch [113a, 113b] when energising.The silicon steel sheet of the mid portion of iron core [6] can be taken out a slice or several in the present embodiment, stay the space hook arm latching devices such as [13] is installed, backstop axle [8] is through in this iron core, and axle [5] then is through in the middle iron core of armature [3], and hook arm [13] can rotate around it.As the top contact element that is equipped with of Fig. 7, armature shown in Figure 8, thereby can be used for automatic switch or A.C. contactor etc.Its automatically-unhooked circuit can adopt the circuit of Fig. 5, Fig. 6.Between the framework [25] of secondary coil [4] and armature [3], spring [32,33] is housed and helps secondary coil to reset, and when only the repulsive force between major and minor coil was greater than elastic force, secondary coil [4] moved upward latching device is unblanked.

In addition, the core section of electromagnetic mechanism of the present invention can be a U-shaped or as Fig. 7, E shape shown in Figure 8 as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, also can be T shape.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of electromagnetic mechanism, comprise iron core [6], main coil [7] on the above-mentioned iron core [6], can be after main coil [7] energising by the armature [3] of iron core [6] adhesive, first elastic bias components that armature [3] is resetted, connect the latching device of electric adhesive finger lock armature [3] at main coil [7], unlocking apparatus, it is characterized in that above-mentioned latching device is a mechanical lock buckle mechanism, this mechanical lock buckle mechanism comprises the hook arm [13] that can rotate around the axle [5] on the armature [3], can pin the backstop axle [8] of hook arm [13], and can add second elastic bias components [11] of elastic force on hook arm [13], above-mentioned unlocking apparatus is the device in order to the lever arm [13a] that promotes hook arm [13].

2, electromagnetic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned unlocking apparatus comprises the mobilizable secondary coil [4] that is contained on the armature [3], and in main coil [7] energising, device with secondary coil [4] short circuit, to produce repulsive interaction to secondary coil [4], promote hook arm [13], latching device is broken off relations unblank.

3, electromagnetic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned unlocking apparatus comprises the mobilizable secondary coil [4] that is contained on the armature [3], reach the device that passes to the opposite electric current of direction at the main coil [7] and the end of the same name of secondary coil [4], to produce repulsive interaction to secondary coil [4], promote hook arm [13], latching device is broken off relations unblank.

4, electromagnetic mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the U type that is shaped as, E type or the T type of iron core [6].

5, as claim 1, the described electromagnetic mechanism of arbitrary claim in 2,3 is characterized in that also being equipped with the limit switch [113] that is subjected to armature [3] control.

6, electromagnetic mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned mechanical lock buckle mechanism is contained in the centre of iron core [6].

7,, it is characterized in that between secondary coil [4] and armature [3], one or more flexible members being housed as claim 2 or 3 described electromagnetic mechanisms.

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