CN86102150A

CN86102150A - Tooth-formation of gear by non-cutting machining method

Info

Publication number: CN86102150A
Application number: CN 86102150
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李冬贵
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-03-27
Filing date: 1986-03-27
Publication date: 1987-10-28

Abstract

The present invention is for simplifying gear manufacturing technology.Save material and energy resource consumption.Simplify and the shortening heat treatment process time, the gear manufacturing cycle is shortened dramatically.Make the gear manufacturing cost reduce more than 50% and obtain high-precision high-intensity gear.

Principal character of the present invention is to utilize the cast blank hot extrusion molding.Be applicable to the travelling gear of making various machineries.

Description

Tooth-formation of gear by non-cutting machining method

The present invention is a kind of process of making gear.

The existing manufacturing process of gear has: 1. the gear material smelting and pouring is become gear Mao Pi And shaping by stock removal; 2. gear material is swaged into the gear blank shaping by stock removal; 3. with the gear material precision forging.

The shortcoming of said gear forming technology is: 1. defective such as loose, the shrinkage cavity of cast gear is difficult for overcoming and causes intensity low and the processed finished products rate is lower; 2. the profile of tooth of cast gear still need be processed the requirement that could satisfy precision and fineness; 3. forge gear and only can obtain anodontia blank, follow-up processing technology and Technology for Heating Processing complexity, process equipment is many and expensive; 4. precision forging gear is only applicable to the fine module gear manufacturing and mould is lower because of its life-span number of times of high energy impact; 5. energy resource consumption height; 6. technology cost height.The objective of the invention is to simplify gear manufacturing technology.Reduce gear manufacturing cost about 50%.Energy savings consumes, and makes the profile of tooth non-cutting shaping and has high strength and higher precision.

Summary of the invention: the modulus that does not have cutting by following operation manufacturing is greater than 5 hot extrusion gear.1. gear material (can use application number 85102309 patents with compensation and select gear material for use) is cast profile of tooth Mao Pi And and removed dead head; 2. with the residual sand on blank sandblast or ball blast or soak cleaning surface; 3. blank is worked into process with endoporus and end face after softening heat treatment (normalizing or modified or high tempering or annealing); 4. gear blank in taking off the stove of charcoal, the nothingization nothing is heated to 800-1350 ℃ of saturating burning of insulation; 5. hot-pressed by equipment shown in Figure 1: as 1. cast gear blank 7 to be placed that (cavity of shaping mould improves 1 grade by the gear product precision and manufactures and designs) 2. places the expanding arbor axis body of (forming by 1,4,5,8) (being connected by spring 5) in the gear blank endoporus in the die cavity of gear forming mould 6 with operation sequence; 3. the forcing press that quenches starts; 4. the pressing mold of the outer tup driven gear end face of forcing press descends, and end face is compressed; 5. tup in the forcing press drives the 4 Luo And of last mandrel of expanding arbor and the following mandrel of expanding arbor and makes the expanding arbor distending.Make the endoporus support of gear blank big, make blank metal Chong Man And extrusion molding in the roller seating space of die cavity of the condition of high temperature; 6. the oil spout cooling makes the gear quenching of shaping; 7. the inside and outside tup of forcing press of quenching rises; 8. expanding arbor shrinks under the effect of spring; 9. the guide rail of forcing press of quenching rises gear bracket on guide rail, by manipulator gear is taken out; 10. the standard tempering standard by gear material reaches the desired hardness of cutting hardness or gear heart portion; (11) add the endoporus and the end face of work gear; (12) increment surface chamfer; (13) be that 85102309 patent is carried out the direct heating quenching of high frequency electric (non-eddy-current heating) and obtained profile of tooth hardened layer and desired case depth to the flank of tooth by application number.

For modulus less than 5 gear can be directly with annular blank by above-mentioned hot-pressed operation non-cutting shaping.

Points for attention: 1. the blank dimension of cast gear determines that by material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient calculations or test can freely enter the gear forming mold cavity when making it be heated to 800-1350 ℃, promptly the blank dimension after the heating should be slightly less than cavity dimension 0.1-0.5 millimeter; 2. the main contents of No. 85102309 patents add work gear for selecting high charcoal steel alloy for use after modified or ultra-fineization are given processing, hold the end face of tooth behind the gear forming by the annular electrode plate holder with high-frequency big current low voltage power supply, make high frequency electric directly by the flank of tooth, obtain uniform profile of tooth heating layer depth by high-frequency vortex and Kelvin effect and the back of quenching obtains the profile of tooth hardened layer; 3. the forcing press that quenches can be selected the Quenching press of Tianjin machine tool plant or similar in the world Quenching press structure (its pressure is pressed arts demand and ordered goods) for use, as the HK-500 of Germany or the Quenching press of HK-750 and other structural similarity; 4. but the bulk of expanding arbor can be full of die cavity with metal by schematic structure and is advisable; 5. also available other method of the present invention such as hydraulic pressure or explosive force make blank at high temperature hot-pressed (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

Piece number among Fig. 1 illustrates 1. expanding arbor; 2. top die; 3. interior tup; 4. the last mandrel of expanding arbor; 5. the connection spring of expanding arbor; 6. gear forming mould; 7. gear blank; 8. the following mandrel of expanding arbor; 9. pressing mold base.Operation sequence is above-mentioned.

Piece number among Fig. 2 explanation: 10. finishing die; (11) dip mold; (12) gear blank; (13) interior tup; (14) unsteady bolt; (15) outer tup pressing mold; ; (16) sealing ring.

Working procedure: 1. gear places in the finishing die; 2. outer tup falls; 3. descend the oil circuit oil supply jack-up bolt that floats; 4. tup fell immediately in oil circuit cut off this moment down after oil is full of blanking inner hole, exerted pressure to fluid, and is hot-pressed by the gear blank of hydraulic pressure high temperature.

The piece number explanation of Fig. 3: (17) finishing die; (18) unsteady bolt; (19) outer tup pressing mold; (20) interior tup; (21) gear blank; (22) bed die; (23) gunpowder coupling bar; (24) Plastic medicinal bottle; (25) gunpowder.

Working procedure: 1. outer tup falls, and pushes down the gear blank end face of high temperature; 2. interior tup falls, and plastic bottle at high temperature volatilizees, gunpowder explosion, and the high temperature gear blank is hot-pressed.

Advantage of the present invention: 1. profile of tooth is shaped can not have cutting; 2. can obtain not have the high strength of cutting and the gear of the about 7-8 of precision; 3. can utilize hot formed immediate quenching; 4. the economical with materials and the energy; 5. save and be worth expensive gear machining apparatus; 6. work simplification improves the production efficiency of gear; 7. reduce the gear manufacturing cost significantly; When 8. selection is proper, can there be longization Re Chu Li And avoid the being shaped reduction of backgear precision.

Preferred plan of the present invention is as follows:

1. select high charcoal steel alloy to make gear blank; 2. the blank that end face and endoporus is worked into process does not have to take off in non-oxidation and is heated to saturating burning of 1100-1250 C in the charcoal firing equipment and is placed in the die cavity of finishing die; 3. push down increment face and wheel rim (spoke) with the outer tup of Quenching press, interior tup is exerted pressure to endoporus by expanding arbor and is made tooth-formation of gear hot-pressed; 4. oil spout is quenched, and at concrete steel grade, selects extrusion temperature, and compressional deformation degree and temperature contain the 30-50% retained austenite after it is quenched and be advisable; 5. as carbon content 0.9% Cr ₂и ₄After the thermoforming of A steel after the oil quenchinng, the about 30-50% of remained austenite content.Endoporus is worked into process and is heated to the spoke that 150-200C and cheap material are made, and the wheel hub hot jacket is dressed up gear (tight fit is integral).

Lot of documents shows: the gear hardened layer contains the 30-50% retained austenite can make gear have high-wearing feature, and high contact fatigue property and toughness, this technology can make gear manufacturing technology further simplify, and cost further reduces.

Claims

1, tooth-formation of gear non-cutting shaping method is characterized in that using the expanding arbor hot forming under forcing press.After gear blank 2 is arrived forming temperature 800-1300 ℃ by scale-free heating, the top die 4 of forcing press is pushed down the blank end face, interior tup 5 struts the axis body 3 of expanding arbor by last mandrel 6 and following mandrel 8, and its face of cylinder extruding high-temperature metal blank makes it hot-pressed.

2, the related blank 2 of claim 1 is characterized in that blank is an annulus when module M≤5, and when modulus M＞5, blank is a cast gear.