CN86101920A - Fluid bed - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of fluid bed comprises a container 10, and particulate material in heaps 11 wherein is housed, and the playpipe assembly also is housed, and for example manages 14,15,16 and 17.They are connected with 19 with one or more snorkels 18, and the latter is connected with the fluidized gas body source in the container outside.This playpipe is provided with output aperture or nozzle 28, and fluidizing gas is sprayed in the particulate material.Each playpipe is the circulation shape, and the jet pipe of installing by means of one or more tangential tilts 21 can make fluidizing gas repetitive cycling in this playpipe.

Description

Fluid bed

The present invention relates to a kind of fluid bed that comprises particulate material in heaps, these particulate materials can be granular solids fuel, or with lime-ash form that buring solid fuel was produced and exist.Aspect in addition, fluid bed can be made up of infusibility plasmid institute, is used in particular for one or more elements that are immersed in the fluid bed are heat-treated, so that remove colloid from these elements, coating or contaminant; The purpose that also can be used for other wherein needs above-mentioned one or more elements are immersed in the predetermined atmosphere in predetermined temperature range.Other purposes is relevant with various chemical reactions, and promptly the size of said elements can make himself fluidisation to realize chemical reaction or heat treatment.Application in addition is that infusibility plasmid is passed to heat exchanger to heat from fluidizing gas, therefore can be transferred to gas separated or liquid to heat.Yet be noted that above-mentioned particulate material or infusibility plasmid are all entered the fluidizing gas institute fluidisation of fluid bed when stating various situation in the use.In the past, the fluidizing agent of particulate all is installed in the diffusion tile, and this tile can be made with porous ceramics or porous metals, also available on it punching press or machined have the metallic plate of many apertures to make.But, can produce difficulty when using this diffusion tile.For example, various tiles are difficult to seal around its periphery, also are difficult for changing damaged tile.In addition, the difference of thermal expansion also can have problems, and makes ceramic tile crack or make metal tile warpage.And the deposit that the hole in the metal tile often is fluidized medium or some gas stops up.Another shortcoming of using the diffusion tile is before it can not enter bed to fluidizing gas different components to be separated.During the mixture of that if the component of gas formation is flammable or blast, because the diffusion tile may strile-back (light-back) or owing to combustion flame on the tile surface is caused overheated, all require to carry out this separation.

In order to overcome some above-mentioned shortcoming, once the someone advised making a kind of porose pipe or playpipe assembly, placed close its bottom in the container, and was connected with the fluidized gas body source of external container.This device has some shortcoming.Under non-fluidisation or static state, the fluidised material of some particulate can enter playpipe by aperture, has reduced the efficient of fluidizing gas diffusion thus, under some situation even partly or entirely block playpipe.The another one shortcoming is to be caused by following situation, for fear of on the length of playpipe, causing horizontal pressure force to fall, on a plurality of points of the length of playpipe, load onto air supply pipe, fluidizing gas is imported, air supply pipe is fixed on the colder bottom of container, this configuration has caused playpipe to move with respect to the temperature difference of air supply pipe, makes assembly produce torsional deformation then and breaks.The another one problem is, playpipe generally is to be heated unevenly, and for example, heat is wanted in the bottom of the pipe of the bottom that the neighbour nearly container in the top of the pipe of the fluidization regions of fluid bed is colder.Therefore just cause the distortion of playpipe along its horizontal axis.Also having the another one shortcoming, is exactly the granular flow formed material in dark bed, can be subjected to hysteresis in the moment that fluidisation begins.This is owing to cause along the initial pressure difference of the length of playpipe, therefore, can go out a passage clearly from the gas of the aperture ejection of contiguous playpipe higher-pressure region the granular flow formed material, and the pressure that has so just reduced the gas that sprays from aperture falls.This just impels and forms jet or the direct mobilization of gas, so gas is preferentially from the ejection of low pressure drop aperture, and all the other apertures of playpipe are not removed passage and just can not be reached mobile fully, so caused the uneven fluidisation of fluid bed.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved fluid bed, can avoid above-mentioned various shortcomings.According to fluid bed provided by the present invention, it includes container, is placed on the particulate material in heaps in the container and fluidizing gas imported ported sub or playpipe assembly in the above-mentioned particulate material, and this assembly is supported in the container.The place that certain intervals is arranged near the bottom, and be connected with the fluidized gas body source of container outside, it is characterized in that above-mentioned playpipe assembly comprises the playpipe of a circulation shape at least, make fluidizing gas can be in playpipe free circulation, the gas repetitive cycling is moved.

Each playpipe of above-mentioned playpipe assembly is provided with a plurality of short nozzles or boring, constitutes the fluidized gas outlet, and the jet pipe of an independent supply stream oxidizing gases tangentially is configured on the horizontal axis of above-mentioned playpipe, makes the gas circulation in each playpipe.Usually make the repetitive cycling velocity ratio of fluidizing gas enter playpipe particulate material mutating speed more greatly, all particulate materials in the aforementioned tube are blown rapidly.Should be noted that the minimum repetitive cycling of gas in case set up, the pressure on the length of the injection of playpipe with holes will remain on the each point and equate, like this, guarantees that the fluidisation of fluid bed is steady.In production practices, require to make the gas repetitive cycling speed in the playpipe enough big so that heat is transferred to than the cold-zone from the hot-zone, perhaps the heat of recycle gas in order to even heating playpipe.Like this, the distortion of playpipe can be minimum.The inner surface of each playpipe also can be oxidized, helps heat to pass the heat radiation of playpipe axis.

In a kind of device of playpipe assembly, at least the pipe that includes a circulation shape, it have two parallel, the part of straight line normally, on its close two ends, couple together with pair of end portions, in this case, can load onto an independently jet pipe at the length mid point of above-mentioned each straight line portion or near the place of mid point sometimes, each jet pipe each and one independently supply pipe are connected.Such device is possible, and much smaller because the whole length of distance between above-mentioned two straight line portioies and above-mentioned part is compared, the difference of thermal expansion can be left in the basket.

It is lower that the design of each playpipe will make the pressure of fluidizing gas fall.Therefore, when assembly adopts more than one playpipe, guarantee in each playpipe and jet pipe of assembly that gas flows through summation that the pressure of each jet pipe falls and the gross area in corresponding playpipe aperture must equate.

The repetitive cycling of fluidizing gas is compared with existing Known designs and is had a series of advantage in the playpipe assembly, for example, and can be promptly any particulate material ejection in the playpipe assembly.Another advantage is that the pressure of gas in whole playpipe assembly is constant, and the pressure when making by the pore mouth falls lower, has also guaranteed the steady of fluid bed fluidisation simultaneously.Preventing aspect the thermal deformation that any equilibrium that may temperature difference of playpipe then is another advantage.Preferably use single fluidizing gas jet pipe tie point, in fact this device allows that the unconfined heat of playpipe assembly moves, and also can make distortion reduce to minimum.

Make gas pressure reach substantial constant along the length of each playpipe, and the aspect it has been found that in addition, below the playpipe assembly, there is a spot of gas upwards to flow, can have also significantly reduced above-mentioned particle hysteresis the effect of the particle super fatting agent of fluid bed.The volume of required " lubricating " gas is less than 10% of fluidizing gas total measurement (volume), " lubricating " gas is injected in the thick and/or fine and close particle of one deck near bed container bottom below the playpipe assembly goes.If the temperature of fluid bed itself is more a lot of greatly than the gas temperature that enters the playpipe assembly, the above-mentioned cyclic spray pipe that the repetitive cycling fluidizing gas is provided will have problems, at this moment repetitive cycling gas will be accepted advection heat from spraying tube wall, and therefore the gas temperature through repetitive cycling is higher than the gas temperature that just sprays into pipe.Therefore, just entered playpipe and just different through the gas flow characteristic that sprays from identical aperture after the repetitive cycling with those from the gas flow characteristic of playpipe aperture ejection.

If the top of playpipe is in the fluidization regions or part fluidization regions of fluid bed, rate of heat transfer is just higher between fluid bed and the injection tube wall; And if the bottom of above-mentioned playpipe is in slump district or non-fluidization regions, then between the adjacent part of the slump district of fluid bed or non-fluidization regions and injection tube wall, just there is not or have only a spot of heat transfer to take place, will produce the another one problem like this.The temperature difference between the top and the bottom of playpipe since conduction of the heat of tube wall and inwall the radiation that repeats recyclegas and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection are reduced gradually, but the compensating action of this heat transfer is abundant inadequately sometimes, can not stop and spray the unallowed temperature difference that produces between the tube wall top and the bottom, caused different thermal expansion, thereby caused transverse corrugations or warpage along the playpipe axis.The influence of significant temperature contrast can reduce by the gas that preheating enters between fluid bed and the fluidizing gas that enters, and best preheat temperature reduces recyclegas like this and sprays heat transfer between the tube wall at least in 400 ℃ of scopes of fluidized-bed temperature.On the other hand, playpipe also can design like this, makes its top and separates owing to contacting the high heat-flux that fluidization regions or part fluidization regions cause.The available several method of this thermal insulation is finished, and for example playpipe can be topped by particle one deck densification and/or coarse grain institute, and this layer particle can not be fluidized under any fluidizing gas flow rate, and this can imagine as a kind of special applications.On the other hand, the top of playpipe can be opened with the fluidization regions thermal insulation of a heat guard and bed.Another method that realizes above-mentioned thermal insulation is the top of revising playpipe, and the particle that directly contacts with playpipe top in the fluid bed is not fluidized, so they can partly and between the top of injection tube wall play heat guard in the fluidisation of fluid bed.For high temperature fluidized bed, for example, the situation of the fluid bed that operating temperature is at least 900 ℃, the fluidizing gas that needs preheating to enter, and heat guard is set on the top of playpipe.

The fluidizing gas that preheating enters when adopting (if) can be realized with any method easily.

When fluidizing gas just when the playpipe assembly sprays into the fluid bed that is in slump or inactive state, also can produce another problem.Such slump particulate material makes the fluidizing gas that leaves the playpipe assembly produce serious inhomogeneous flowing, under the worst case, certain of fluid bed or some part still keep the state of slump or non-fluidisation, but then energy fluidizing is too strong or cross fluidisation for other parts of bed.This problem can overcome by vibrated fluidized bed or the object that stirs in it in some cases, another favourable feature of the present invention is provided with a screening arrangement, when fluid bed was in slump or inactive state, it can combine just in time hole of formation below playpipe with playpipe.This hole can allow that fluidizing gas freely sprays from the nozzle or the outlet of playpipe.Promote fluidizing gas upwards to flow through fluid bed equably like this, and prevented the inhomogeneities of specific gas flow rate, do not resembled the slump district that in bed, causes the part under other situations.

Be described in detail the present invention referring now to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the partial sectional view of an example of fluid bed made in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the amplification office view of the deployment scenarios in the nozzle of playpipe among Fig. 1 or aperture, and above-mentioned nozzle or aperture constitute the outlet of fluidizing gas, and it has also represented " lubricating " gas is input to the situation of going in thicker and/or fine and close infusibility plasmid of one deck in addition.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of playpipe assembly shown in Figure 1, and playpipe is used for gas is input to the particle medium of fluid bed, and this exemplary application is in bulge.

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of another playpipe assembly, and expression can be used for a kind of typical devices of noncircular vessel.

Fig. 5 is the amplification partial sectional view of a low pressure drop jet pipe, has represented the connection between playpipe and the fluidizing gas,

Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view of another example of fluid bed made in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the partial sectional view of fluid bed bottom, and the playpipe assembly in the presentation graphs 6 is how thicker the or fine and close particle of fluidisation is not adiabatic by one deck.

Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged view of the section of playpipe, has represented that the non-fluidized bed material layer of a kind of fluid bed forms heat-insulating method between fluidized bed injection tube wall.

Fig. 9 is the partial sectional view that arrow among Fig. 8 " A " is located to see, and is identical with ratio used among Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the local amplification view of playpipe and screening arrangement, and screening arrangement causes a hole below playpipe.

Figure 11 is the vertical view of the device shown in Figure 10.

Referring now to accompanying drawing 1, the fluid bed that drawn among the figure, it includes container 10, a lot of particulate media 11 wherein is housed, for example infusibility plasmid.In illustrated embodiment, this container is surrounded by an annular chamber 12, and the latter itself is surrounded by heat-insulating material 13 again.Above-mentioned annular chamber perhaps is used as the chamber that hot gas passes through as the space of electrical heating elements, so that make heat pass above-mentioned a pile infusibility plasmid 11 of wall heating of container 10.Therefore, in this example, fluid bed is to be heated by the heat that the container outside applies.The present invention is applicable to also gas is added device in infusibility plasmid with combustible mixture that this mixture is lighted a fire, so that provide internal heat or surface heat to infusibility plasmid but much less.On the other hand, small component such as solid fuel or steel ball or various chemical powder all can be used to replace infusibility plasmid.

In the bottom of container 10 the playpipe assembly is housed.In Fig. 1 and example shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned playpipe includes four coaxial playpipes, is distributed on perpendicular separation two-layer, and the profile of above-mentioned each pipe all is (for example circulation) for no reason.For example, when the incendivity fluidization gas mixture is transfused to fluid bed, to use two-layer pipe sometimes, in this case, only about half of required combustion air or oxygen just are input in the playpipe 16 and 17 of bottom and go, and gas combustion and remaining combustion air then are input on top layer pipe 14 and 15.But must be clear, concerning most of fluidizing gas, only need one deck playpipe, in other design, can in this one deck, use one or more cyclic spray pipe.

Two vertically extending gas inlet pipes also are housed, promptly be used to import the pipe 18 of gaseous fuel and air and the pipe 19 of input air, they are connected with tangential jet pipe 21, the latter again with playpipe 14,15 and 16,17 connect, they are interconnected, pass through aforementioned tube 18 and 19 with the air supply source that can make Compressed Gas like this, flow into playpipe 14 through jet pipe 21 again from the fluid bed outside, go in 15 and 16,17.Like this, pipe 18 has two jet pipes 21, and they are connected with outer shroud with the interior ring of the playpipe assembly on upper strata respectively, manages two jet pipes 21 of 19 and then is connected with lower floor playpipe assembly respectively.Certainly, when only using one deck playpipe, only need a gas inlet pipe, be supplied to gas each to coaxial playpipe.

Fig. 4 has represented to be used for the deployment scenarios of a kind of playpipe assembly of rectangle or channel-section container.In this device, the cyclic spray pipe comprises two straight line parallel parts 24, each connects together with a U-shaped end 25 and a head 26 on its contiguous end, form the closed-loop path of a gas circulation, this gas is supplied gas by at least one vertical extension 23, and pipe 23 is connected with the jet pipe 21 of a pair of tangential configuration, respectively fluidizing gas is imported in above-mentioned two parallel portion 24, the arrangement of above-mentioned jet pipe, the circulation of fluidizing gas in the playpipe of can mutually promoting.Should know that Fig. 4 only represents a playpipe assembly, and in production practices, a container may need a plurality of such playpipe assemblies, they stem for stem or from beginning to end, also may need two-layer this playpipe, install by mode shown in Figure 1, will add that at this moment second vertical extension 29 and another are to spin nozzle 22, so that supply gas is given second layer playpipe assembly.

Fig. 5 has described a vertically extending fluidizing gas snorkel 35 in more detail, and it is connected with low pressure drop jet pipe 30, and the latter is connected with cyclic spray pipe 31 again, has only represented a short section of playpipe 31 among Fig. 5.Jet pipe 30 is inclined at an angle to the playpipe axis, makes the gas in the playpipe do to circulate mobile.In the illustrated example, jet pipe is made rounding 33 and flared end 34 with machined or mold pressing, so that the pressure when reducing gas and flowing through jet pipe falls.

Also should be clear, Fig. 1, in the device shown in 3,4 and 5, jet pipe 21,22 and 30 press horizontal plane installs, and be fixed on the vertically extending snorkel, but this is a kind of installation easily, also may need to make the jet pipe vertical orientation, make them enter playpipe, at this moment just need be equipped with horizontally extending air supply pipe from the top or from the below.

Above-mentioned playpipe 14,15,16,17 and 31 are being formed with outwardly directed nozzle or aperture 28 on the certain intervals of its circumference, make angle of each nozzle or aperture and vertical direction inclination, for example tilt 40 °, therefore paired adjacent nozzle or hole tilts in two relative directions of vertical line.But adjacent a pair of nozzle or aperture 28 need be in same vertical planes.As shown in Figure 1, there are a plurality of vertical tubes 27 and playpipe 16 and 17 to be communicated with, so that " lubricating " gas is supplied to the bigger and/or fine and close particle layer of one deck 20, these " lubricate " gas and penetrate particle layer 20, go in the less and/or rarer stove heap 11 that enters fluid bed that rises again.Here above-mentioned gas can prevent the blocking action of particle 11.Be provided with damping hole 35 in the every pipe 27,, make it only to account for the small scale (for example being less than 10%) of the total use amount of fluidizing gas to limit the quantity of lubricated gas.

The quantity in above-mentioned nozzle or aperture 28 and size will determine fluidizing gas upwards to flow through the type of flow and the speed of container cross section.Therefore the arrangement that exports the quantity in nozzle or aperture and size should be able to provide the type of flow of any needs, for example along on the bed section flow rate that evenly makes progress being arranged, perhaps makes the flow rate of bed periphery greatly more a little or littler than the flow rate at its middle part.

Should understand, in said apparatus, the jet pipe 21 that fluidizing gas is tangentially settled imports playpipe 14, in 15,16,17 and 31, make the fluidizing gas generation in the above-mentioned cyclic spray pipe assembly execute commentaries on classics or circular motion, if the fluidization gas velocity in the ring is enough high, this motion will be enough to carry secretly any particle in the air-flow of repetitive cycling, and these particles infiltrate in the playpipe by nozzle or aperture 28 when bed is static.These are carried particle secretly and spray from nozzle or aperture once more, so that remove playpipe, fluidizing gas fully and are unhinderedly flowed in above-mentioned playpipe.And, if the fluidizing gas speed of repetitive cycling is enough, the hot-zone that makes heat from above-mentioned playpipe is transferred to than the cold-zone goes, thereby prevent its distortion.Handle the inner surface of playpipe, increase heat radiation and fold, help to conduct heat, wherein a kind of processing method comprises giving oxidation or making the roughening of earthenware inside diameter surface of metal jet pipe.

Should understand that the layout of Fig. 1 and playpipe assembly shown in Figure 3 will make on each layer only be fixed on a bit from plane, the upper strata is fixing and support with snorkel 18, and lower floor is fixing and support with snorkel 19.Therefore each layer can freer thermal expansion or contraction, and it is whole mobile though can limit with any method easily not shown in the figures actually.Also be that an effective snorkel of cyclic spray is fixed up in Fig. 4, because the length of playpipe parallel portion is with respect to will grow much than short distance between the two parallel portion mid points, because moving of the temperature difference can be sustained, therefore can guarantee in the level that thermal stress is limited in allowing.

Referring now to Fig. 6.Represented a kind of fluid bed among the figure, it includes container 10 as before, particle medium in heaps wherein is housed, for example infusibility plasmid 11.In illustrated example, said vesse by 12 of doughnuts around, doughnut 12 itself is surrounded by heat-insulating material 13 again, above-mentioned doughnut is as the space of electrical heating elements, perhaps be used as the chamber that hot gas passes through, so that the wall that makes heat pass container 10 heats above-mentioned infusibility plasmid heap 11, this is the same with the description that the structure of Fig. 1 is carried out.The situation of fluid bed and Fig. 1 is the same, and the heat that is applied in the container outside heats, certainly, can change a method, the form of gas with combustible mixture joined in infusibility plasmid, combustible mixture is lighted, provide internal heat or surface heat infusibility plasmid.On the other hand, solid fuel or small components, for example steel ball or various chemical powders etc. can be used to replace infusibility plasmid.The playpipe assembly that comprises two coaxial closed-loops in one deck is housed on the bottom of container 10, and fluidizing gas imports in the closed-loop by the jet pipe 21a of a vertically extending gas inlet pipe 18a and tangential configuration.

Fig. 7 represents how playpipe 14a and 14b realize adiabatic by means of the thick and/or fine and close particle 11a of bottom with fluid bed particle 11, the bottom particle is because density and size are bigger than fluid bed particle 11, be not fluidized, like this with regard to having prevented between above-mentioned injection tube wall and the fluid bed and promptly transmit heat by conduction and convection current.

Fig. 8 has represented playpipe 14a, and it has the fluidizing gas outlet or the spout 28 of Typical Disposition, and its top and external stability have discontinuous plate 36.During operation, on above-mentioned plate 36, form the not fluidized bed material of taper, together the upper isolation of playpipe 14a is opened the heat transfer between the above-mentioned top of inhibition fluid bed particle 11 and playpipe again with particulate material 37 quiescent centres.Bar 38 or homologue are welded or be fixed on the playpipe, with horizontal support and fixed head 36.

Fig. 9 represents the method for conversion, and it longitudinally is fixed to plate 36 on the external upper of playpipe 14a.Like this, when adopting metallic plate, an end 39 of each plate is spoted weld on the playpipe external upper, at this moment do not need bar 38.On the other hand, the plate 36 that is applied to the fluid bed of temperature very high (for example more than 1050 ℃) can be made with ceramic material, at this moment they can flatly be supported on the bar 38 that is fixed in playpipe 14a, and loosely be placed on the longitudinally by welding or the pin 40 that is fixed on the playpipe 14, above-mentioned pin 40 inserts in the hole 41 of large-size on the plates 36.

Just as noted earlier, when having the tangible temperature difference between fluid bed and the fluidizing gas that enters, the any illeffects that is produced can suppress by the fluidizing gas that preheating (in any suitable manner) enters, and this method can be used together with above-mentioned insulation method or replace it.

Referring now to Figure 10 and Figure 11, represented among the figure that a kind of its bottom is equipped with the playpipe 42 in outlet nozzle or aperture 43, fluidizing gas enters fluid bed by aperture 43 during use.A screening arrangement is installed on the above-mentioned playpipe 42, and it includes the wallboard 44 and 45 that any suitable metal of a pair of usefulness or ceramic material are made, and there is the flange 46,47 of outside bending the bottom of each wallboard.Above-mentioned wallboard can be easily is that the interval transverse slat 48 of slotted shape is connected with each other with cross section, make it to have along its length certain intervals, the dual-side of transverse slat 48 and the wallboard of above-mentioned metal structure 44 and 45 welding are together, above-mentioned transverse slat 48 is placed on playpipe 42 top, and wallboard 44 and 45 then is welded on the position of label 49 indications of playpipe.

And can see among Figure 10 that two flanges 46 and 47 of above-mentioned screening arrangement have constituted a hole below playpipe 42, represent that with label 50 hole 50 does not make fluidizing gas interrupted and freely flow through nozzle or export 43.The inhomogeneities that flows freely any specific gas flow rate that forms in the time of can avoiding upwards flowing through fluid bed of above-mentioned gas has so just prevented to form any non-fluidization regions in bed.

Above-mentioned embodiment according to fluid bed of the present invention has following advantage:

1. the thermal expansion of the playpipe assembly of importing fluidizing gas or the difference of contraction are reduced by the conductivity of heat the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge of the rapid recycle gas in the above-mentioned assembly. Inner surface roughening that can be by making playpipe or tint to increase thermal-radiating radioactivity and acceptance, thus this heat transfer enlarged. In addition, the front was narrated, and each playpipe is supported on the position and (for example supports to a snorkel On), issuable stress can further reduce on the playpipe, even eliminates.

2. the fluidizing gas (by the sufficiently high repetitive cycling speed greater than the particle mutating speed is provided) of the repetitive cycling in the playpipe assembly can be gone out any particle spraying that enters this assembly by the aperture when fluidizing gas remains static. In addition, can use the fluidizing gas (can be preheated) of being infected with break flour, and not worry the distortion of playpipe assembly and stop up flowing freely of above-mentioned gas.

3. the repetitive cycling of the fluidizing gas in the playpipe assembly has guaranteed that gas pressure is constant basically on the length of the circulatory system. So just make the playpipe aperture that the gas flow of same volume can be provided under the same holes open area, and lower Pressure Drop is arranged when passing the aperture.

4. obstruction or particle " hysteresis " phenomenon of particle when the uniform pressure in the whole fluidisation playpipe can prevent from starting. This particle " hysteresis " can be by the lubricated gas of supply small amount, makes it to infiltrate the thicker and/or fine and close particulate material of the one deck at the bed end from above-mentioned assembly to go further to reduce. Particle " hysteresis " phenomenon can also reduce or eliminate by aforesaid screening arrangement. This screening arrangement is installed on the playpipe, can impel during use to form a hole under playpipe.

5. use the low pressure drop jet pipe, again with the above-mentioned length that follows loop systems on the basic uniformly advantages of fluidization gas pressure, just can make the supply pressure attenuating of fluidizing gas.

6. the problem of the variation of any output gas flow of producing along the temperature difference of playpipe length of fluidizing gas and the playpipe distortion fluidizing gas that can enter by preheating and/or reduce by one deck or a taper formed at the top at playpipe non-fluidized bed (particle of above-mentioned layer or taper plays heat insulation layer) perhaps reduces by playpipe is carried out thermal insulation in addition.

7. the manufacturing of aforesaid playpipe assembly (it has consisted of the device that fluidizing gas is imported and sprays fluid bed) is installed and repairs comparatively cheap. They can easily be made with steel or ceramic material.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of fluid bed, it includes container, be placed on the particulate material in heaps in the container and fluidizing gas imported ported sub or playpipe assembly in the above-mentioned particulate material, this assembly is supported on the place that certain intervals is arranged near the bottom in the container, and be connected with the fluidized gas body source of container outside, it is characterized in that above-mentioned playpipe assembly comprises the playpipe of a circulation shape at least, make fluidizing gas can be in playpipe free circulation, when above-mentioned gas is sprayed into non-radial direction, the gas repetitive cycling is moved.

2, the fluid bed of claim 1 is characterized in that playpipe or each playpipe are annular shape.

3, the fluid bed of claim 2 is characterized in that being provided with at least the playpipe of a pair of annular, their mutual arranged coaxial.

4, the fluid bed of claim 1 is characterized in that playpipe or each playpipe include a pair of straight basically parallel portion, and two backward end links to each other with a head with an afterbody.

5, the fluid bed of claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with a plurality of playpipes, and they are configured in vertically be separated by two-layer at least.

6, claim 1 or 2 or 4 fluid bed is characterized in that playpipe or each playpipe are connected with the fluidizing gas snorkel with the jet pipe of at least one tangential tilt.

7, claim 1 or 2 or 4 fluid bed is characterized in that in the bottom of fluid bed one deck particle being housed, and they are thicker and/or fine and close than the particle of remainder.

8, the fluid bed of claim 7, it is characterized in that being provided with a plurality of playpipe outlets of stretching out downwards, they stretch in the above-mentioned thicker and/or closeer particle layer and go, can spray into " lubricating " air-flow in the above-mentioned layer during use, at any given time in so the lubricated gas of ejection volume with only account for less ratio with comparing from the total measurement (volume) of the fluidizing gas of playpipe ejection in the time.

9, the fluid bed of claim 1, the speed that it is characterized in that sending into the fluidizing gas of playpipe assembly wants enough big, enters any particle in the playpipe assembly aperture when being enough to that bed is in static or slump state and sprays and go.

10, the fluid bed of claim 1 is characterized in that the outlet aperture of playpipe or each playpipe is stretched out to favour being directed downwards of vertical line, and when operation, fluidizing gas sprays in the particle that is fluidized by this output aperture.

11, claim 1 or 10 fluid bed is characterized in that playpipe or each playpipe are provided with cover plate along its top, and its upper surface constitutes slump district or non-fluidization regions during operation, provides heat insulation to playpipe.

12, claim 1 or 10 fluid bed, it is characterized in that playpipe or each playpipe are provided with a screening arrangement, it includes the wallboard part of pair of spaced, they join with the both sides of playpipe respectively, there is the flange of outside bending the lower end of each wall member, above-mentioned screening arrangement is suitable for forming a hole that does not have particulate material below playpipe, screening arrangement extends to below the playpipe fluidizing gas output aperture at least.

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