CN85107530A - A kind of electrode copper alloy - Google Patents
A kind of electrode copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN85107530A CN85107530A CN 85107530 CN85107530A CN85107530A CN 85107530 A CN85107530 A CN 85107530A CN 85107530 CN85107530 CN 85107530 CN 85107530 A CN85107530 A CN 85107530A CN 85107530 A CN85107530 A CN 85107530A
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Abstract
The present invention adopts polynary a spot of alloying principle, by add cobalt, chromium, silicon, zirconium and niobium element in copper, after the solution treatment, then through an ageing treatment, makes the salient features of alloy reach normal temperature hardness H
RB90～101,600～650 ℃ of softening temperatures, electric conductivity 45～55%, this alloy can replace the Be-Co-Cu alloy that French MALLORY company makes, as the electrode metal of material lap resistance weldings such as stainless steel, high temperature steel and superalloy.
Description
The invention belongs to copper base alloy.
The present invention adopts polynary a spot of alloying principle, by in copper, adding cobalt, chromium, silicon, zirconium, niobium element, use aging treatment method then one time, acquisition has the copper alloy of high rigidity, middle electric conductivity and high softening temperature, and this alloy can be used as the electrode metal of material lap resistance weldings such as stainless steel, high temperature steel and superalloy.
Electrode metal is the critical material in the resistance welding process, and its effect is to provide electric current and pressure simultaneously to welded part.During welding, because the different requirements of welded part, the electric current that passes through on the electrode is from tens of amperes to tens thousand of amperes, pressure from tens kilograms to several metric ton, and be to bear pressure simultaneously by producing pyritous at electric current, therefore, electrode materials must have good electroconductibility, anti-molten viscosity and higher hardness and high-temperature capability, the world generally adopts the electrode materials of Be-Co-Cu (CuCoBe) alloy of high strength, middle electric conductivity as stainless steel, high temperature steel and superalloy lap resistance welding at present.But beryllium element is valuable rare metal, and the smog of beryllium and compound thereof and dust will cause the pathology of respiratory system, skin and other organs of human body, cause berylliosis of lung disease and tetter.Owing to beryllium in smelting and use threatens greatly HUMAN HEALTH, therefore developing the alloy that does not contain beryllium element has important practical sense with the replacement Be-Co-Cu alloy.
The U.S. has announced the Corson electrode metal that does not contain beryllium in No. 1658186 patents in February, 1979, but from the performance of three kinds of Corson alloys announcing, the contradiction between electric conductivity and the hardness is comparatively outstanding, is the performance of these three kinds of alloys below:
| Electric conductivity | Hardness (HB) | Be equivalent to HRB | |
| First kind of alloy | 35％ | ＞150 | 81 |
| Second kind of alloy | 55％ | ＞135 | 75 |
| The third alloy | 75％ | ＞110 | 62 |
Though this alloy also can play a role in the occasion that needs certain degree of hardness and high electrical conductivity, it can not satisfy the requirement of high rigidity, high conductivity simultaneously, therefore is not suitable for doing the lap resistance welding electrode metal of stainless steel, high temperature steel and superalloy.
The a patent (clear 59-37340) in Japanese in September, 1984 has been announced the nisiloy chrome copper, this alloy adopts the method for secondary ageing, make alloy property reach U.S. resistance welding alloy association (RWMA) regulation, require (hardness HRB＞90, electric conductivity＞45%) about electrode with the A group III class hardness of copper alloy and the Schwellenwert of electric conductivity.According to the embodiment 1 that day should patent provides, this alloying constituent (weight percent) is nickel: 2.62%, and silicon: 0.64%, chromium: 0.32%, all the other are copper.Timeliness (510 ℃ * 3 hours) back hardness of alloy is HRB97 for the first time, electric conductivity 38%, and timeliness (454 ℃ * 3 hours) back hardness of alloy is HRB97 for the second time, electric conductivity 47%.
But Japan's this part patent is not spoken of this index of softening temperature, A group III class material performance requirement according to U.S. RWMA, and the international copper class A3/1-IS05182/1978(E of association) regulation, the softening temperature that is used as the copper alloy of overlap resistance welding electrode should be greater than 475 ℃.
Task of the present invention provides a kind of improved alloying component, by in copper, adding cobalt, chromium, silicon, zirconium and niobium element, and adopt aging process one time, make alloy when having good electric conductivity, carry significantly heavy alloyed room temperature and high temperature hardness, substantially reach the level of the Be-Co-Cu electrode metal that French MALLORY company makes.
The electrode metal performance that MALLORY company makes
The intensity of fine copper is not high, and tensile strength is 23～24kg/mm
2, Brinell hardness (HB) is 40～50, unit elongation is 50%, adopts the method for cold working hardening.Can make tensile strength bring up to 40～50kg/mm
2, Brinell hardness (HB) brings up to 100～120, but unit elongation drops sharply to 2%, and when at high temperature using, the cold working hardening effect must disappear, and makes strength degradation.
To further improve the intensity of copper, and make it keep good plasticity,, make its alloying with regard to adding the element that some solid solubility in copper sharply reduces with the reduction of temperature, but the electric conductivity that adds affiliation reduction alloy of these elements.For example: in fine copper, add about 0.02% aluminium respectively, 0.1% nickel or zinc, if be 100% with the electric conductivity of fine copper, the electric conductivity behind the addition element will drop to 95%, 94%, 95% respectively so; If the silicon or the phosphorus of adding 0.1% then drop to below 50% respectively.In this case, because electric conductivity reduces, for the copper alloy of special use, as the lap resistance welding electrode metal, although hardness and intensity increase, effect is little.
How according to polynary a spot of alloying principle, make and add element and guaranteeing that alloy has high conductivity, improve alloy at room temperature hardness in the time of high high-temperature capability.Consider in copper, when alloying element forms compound, the single respective element that the damage ratio of electric conductivity is added the phase equal size respectively is little to the infringement of electric conductivity, therefore, alloying element is present in the copper matrix with the form of compound basically, when alloy is heated to certain temperature that is lower than fusing point, these compound fusions, be solidly soluted in the matrix and go, put into then that chilling makes compound have little time to separate out in the medium, make alloy at room temperature keep hypersaturated state, make supersaturated solid solution that precipitation takes place at a certain temperature again and decompose, promptly precipitation is decomposed.A large amount of precipitation particle highly disperseds are distributed in the matrix, and such alloy not only has higher intensity and hardness, also have the favorable conductive rate.
The present invention is achieved in that
The present invention is a kind of cobalt, silicon, chromium, zirconium, niobium element of containing, and all the other are the electrode metal of copper.Wherein the weight percent of various elements is, cobalt: 1.8～2.3%, and silicon: 0.285～0.395%, chromium: 0.51～0.65%, zirconium: 0.04～0.07% niobium: 0.015～0.05%, all the other are copper.This alloy is heated to 850～900 ℃, carrying out pier in this temperature insulation after 2 hours pulls out, and then be heated to 950～1000 ℃, be put into chilling in the medium in this temperature insulation after 2 hours, to carrying out 40～50% cold deformation through the alloy after the above-mentioned solution treatment, and then be heated to 480～500 ℃, and carried out ageing treatment in 4 hours in this temperature insulation, be put in the air at last and cool off.
Alloying constituent and proportioning that the composition of alloy of the present invention and proportioning and the clear 59-37340 of Japanese Patent are announced are distinct.At first, the addition of silicon is lower than the latter significantly, and the addition of chromium is higher than the latter significantly; Secondly, the present invention has used a spot of zirconium and niobium; In addition, in order to obtain required performance, the present invention only needs alloy is carried out ageing treatment one time, and the alloy that Japan is announced adopts ageing treatment twice.
The mentioned component proportioning of alloy of the present invention is considered from the over-all properties angle, mainly generates ternary metal Compound C r
3Co
5Si
2, this strengthening phase disperse is separated out and is uniformly distributed in the matrix, also contains compound (Cr of size comparatively thick (1～4 μ m) in the alloy
2Si, δ-COCr etc.) play a part unnecessary element such as CO and Si in the anti-molten sticking and enrichment alloy.Add the zirconium and the niobium of trace, impel casting state crystal grain tiny, improve refining temperature, high-temperature behavior and anti-molten viscosity can be improved.Alloy be heated to 950～1000 ℃ be incubated 2 hours again after in medium chilling, can avoid the decomposition of sosoloid like this, to obtain the ideal supersaturated solid solution.Alloy after the solution treatment carried out 40～50% cold deformation, purpose is to increase the lattice defect (as improving dislocation desity etc.) of supersaturated solid solution, form more non-spontaneous nucleation and become the precipitation core, the decomposition rate of sosoloid during with the quickening ageing treatment, make the ageing strengthening effect more remarkable, the aging temp of alloy of the present invention is 480～500 ℃, is incubated 4 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove, along with the rising of aging temp and the prolongation of time, the Cr of solid solution in matrix
3Co
5Si
2Separate out mutually, these precipitations extremely are distributed in the matrix to disperse mutually in large quantities, making matrix produce a large amount of lattice distortion (forming strain field around the precipitated phase) makes dislocation line be difficult to cut or walk around, greatly hindered moving of dislocation line, thereby the over-all properties of material has been significantly improved (precipitation strength).Because the fusing point of precipitated phase is very high, interatomic bond power is very strong, has improved the self-diffuse activation energy of atom greatly, slows down alloy atom velocity of diffusion at high temperature, has therefore improved the high-temperature behavior of alloy.
Adopt alloying constituent of the present invention and proportioning, and processing method, the salient features of gained alloy can reach: hardness HRB90～101,600～650 ℃ of softening temperatures, electric conductivity 45～55%.
Below be two embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:
The weight percent of the various compositions of alloy is cobalt: 2.19%, and silicon: 0.391%, chromium: 0.516%, zirconium: 0.043%, niobium: 0.017%, all the other are copper.
Embodiment 2:
The weight percent of the various compositions of alloy is cobalt: 1.84%, and silicon 0.287%, chromium: 0.593%, zirconium: 0.067%, niobium: 0.021%, all the other are copper.
The alloy of above-mentioned two kinds of different proportionings is heated to 850～900 ℃, carrying out pier in this temperature insulation after 2 hours pulls out, and then be heated to 950～1000 ℃, be put into chilling in the medium in this temperature insulation after 2 hours, alloy through above-mentioned solution treatment is carried out 40～50% cold deformation, and then be heated to 480～500 ℃, and carried out ageing treatment in 4 hours in this temperature insulation, be put in the air at last and cool off.
Through after the above-mentioned art breading, press the alloy of the composition proportion among the embodiment 1, its alloy property reaches respectively: hardness HRB101, softening temperature are 625 ℃, electric conductivity is 48%.Press the alloy of the composition proportion of embodiment 2, its alloy property is: hardness HRB95, softening temperature are 600 ℃, electric conductivity 55%.
Alloy of the present invention suits to make the electrode of external refrigeration formula, is used for the electrode material of the lap resistance welding of stainless steel, heat resisting steel and high temperature alloy, can replace the Be-Co-Cu alloy electrode material.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of electrode copper alloy, feature of the present invention are to contain cobalt, chromium, silicon, zirconium and niobium element in the copper alloy.
2, by the described copper alloy of claim 1, the weight percent content that it is characterized in that various elements in the said copper alloy is to contain 1.8～2.3% cobalt, 0.285～0.395% silicon, 0.51～0.65% chromium, 0.04～0.07% zirconium, 0.015～0.05 niobium, all the other are copper.
3, by the described copper alloy of claim 2, it is characterized in that this alloy is heated to 850～900 ℃, carrying out pier in this temperature insulation after 2 hours pulls out, and then be heated to 950～1000 ℃, be put into chilling in the medium in the insulation of this temperature after 2 hours, and then carry out 40～50% cold deformation, reheat to 480～500 ℃, this temperature insulation 4 hours, be put in the air at last and cool off.
4, by the described copper alloy of claim 3, the weight percent content that it is characterized in that said various elements is to contain 2.19% cobalt, 0.391% silicon, and 0.516% chromium, 0.043% zirconium and 0.017% niobium, all the other are copper.
5, by the described copper alloy of claim 3, the weight percent content that it is characterized in that said various elements is to contain 1.84% cobalt, 0.287% silicon, and 0.593% chromium, 0.067% zirconium and 0.021% niobium, all the other are copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107530 CN85107530A (en) | 1985-10-15 | 1985-10-15 | A kind of electrode copper alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107530 CN85107530A (en) | 1985-10-15 | 1985-10-15 | A kind of electrode copper alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85107530A true CN85107530A (en) | 1986-09-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85107530 Pending CN85107530A (en) | 1985-10-15 | 1985-10-15 | A kind of electrode copper alloy |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038434C (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1998-05-20 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Copper base electrode alloy |
| WO2020060735A1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-26 | Cymer, Llc | Prolonged life laser chamber electrode and laser having same |
-
1985
- 1985-10-15 CN CN 85107530 patent/CN85107530A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1038434C (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1998-05-20 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Copper base electrode alloy |
| WO2020060735A1 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-26 | Cymer, Llc | Prolonged life laser chamber electrode and laser having same |
| TWI725537B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-04-21 | 美商希瑪有限責任公司 | Prolonged life laser chamber electrode and laser having same |
| CN112739837A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-04-30 | 西默有限公司 | Long-life laser cavity electrode and laser with same |
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