CN85106947A - From sunflower plate and bar, extract the method for edible low-ester pectin - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of extracting edible low-ester pectin from sunflower plate and bar relates to the extraction of natural high moleculer eompound.The present invention adopts decalcification in the decolouring of room temperature micro alkaline solution, the room temperature high-concentration inorganic acid solution, and step such as extract in the basic solution, make the gained final product quality meet general international standard, and it is few to consume heat energy, the consumption pharmaceutical chemicals is few, is suitable for industrialized production fully.It is a kind of easy, cheap, high-quality ground extracts edible low-ester pectin from sunflower plate and bar method.

Description

From sunflower plate and bar, extract the method for edible low-ester pectin

As everyone knows, pectin has purposes very widely in foodstuffs industry.Along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand of pectin is also grown with each passing day.The pectin that is richly stored with in the plant tissue, how easy, cheap, high-quality ground extracts pectin has become the problem that countries in the world are gazed at.

In the past, the pure pectin overwhelming majority of commercialization was to extract from citrous fruit peel, also had from Pericarpium Mali pumilae and slag and extracted.In these pericarps, the pectin major part exists with free or esterified form, and water soluble extracts more convenient.But extracting gained pectin is high ester pectin.Its goods sugariness and acidity are quite high, can not adapt to people's various tastes.For this reason, must be transformed into low-ester pectin to acquired high ester pectin.Like this, cost can increase a lot, is unfavorable for being extensive use of.

In sunflower plate and bar, pectin is to hang down ester, mainly exists with water-fast calcium salt forms.Therefore, adopt the pectin extraction method of Citrus, can't therefrom obtain pectin.For this reason, people such as M.J.Y.Lin understood magazine (M.J.Y.Lin in Canadian Food science technology respectively at 1976 and 1978, F.W.Sosulski and E.S.Humbert:Acidic isolation of sunflower pectin J.Can.Inst.Food.Sci.Technol., Vol.11.P75 1978; M.J.Y.Lin, E.S.Humbert and F.W.Sosulski:Extration of pectins from sunflower heads, J.Can.Inst.food Sci Technol., Vol.9 No2 P70 1976) delivered the method for from Sunflower Receptacle, extracting pectin on.In article, they propose to extract with Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 the method for low ester pectin from sunflower.Its step is as follows: the decolouring of sunflower plate and bar pulverizing-hot water-and with Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 hot solution extraction pectin-remove slag-flocculate-wash-drying.In the method, decolouring needs to carry out in 75-95 ℃ hot water, extracts and also will carry out in 70 ℃ of hot water, and this just needs to consume a large amount of heat energy, and with regard to its decolorizing effect, also unsatisfactory.In addition, need to add the 1-1.5%(weight percent in the extraction) Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, be used for the chelating calcium ion, it is water-soluble that pectin is become.But because unnecessary Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 eccysis difficulty, ash content increases in the finished product pectin to making.The pectin finished product shade deviation that adopts this method to extract is canescence, and ash oontent is up to 12%, surpassed defined in the international standard＜10% standard.Therefore, up to the present, this method suitability for industrialized production that still is unrealized.

The objective of the invention is to the methods that the people proposed such as M.J.Y.Lin are improved, propose a kind of method for suitability for industrialized production.According to said method, can easy, cheap, the edible low-ester pectin of high-quality ground extraction from sunflower plate and bar.Make the edible low-ester pectin that is extracted meet international quality standard.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the used starting material of the present invention are sunflower plate and bar, must be fresh, and its spongy layer is white in color, and must not use to be yellowish brown or pecky.And drying, making wherein, water content is lower than 12%.This satisfactory raw material is put into container after crushed, adds 15-25 water doubly, uses mineral alkali (sodium hydroxide or yellow soda ash) to regulate the pH value of the aqueous solution again, makes it be slight alkalinity.At room temperature keep the processing of decolouring in 10-30 minute.Treated, can remove basically pectin is extracted noisy pigment.Filter then.The gained filter residue places acid-resistant container, utilizes pectin undissolved characteristics in strongly acidic solution, adds the mineral acid (hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid also acetic acid) of 0.1-5N in container, filter residue is at room temperature soaked carry out decalcification to handle.Filter again.The gained filter residue is put into another container, utilizes pectin after the decalcification can be dissolved in the characteristics of basic solution again, and with the alkali lye dipping, the pH value of steeping fluid maintains 3.5-5, making the whole strippings of pectin through fully stirring.Separate through slag, liquid, obtain containing the filtrate of pectin.In filtrate, add hydrochloric acid, make the pectin precipitating.Remove moisture content with filter press technique, obtain the solid state filter cake.Filter cake through cleaning, dehydration, pass through vacuum-drying at last, be that look white, good brightness, edible low-ester pectin finished product that ash oontent is low.

Decolouring of the present invention and extracting in two steps, owing to adopt the non-heating means of normal temperature, energy consumption is few.Adopt the decolouring of normal temperature slight alkalinity, effect is decoloured than hot water.With sour chelating calcium ion, guaranteed final product quality without Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, particularly the ash content of coal reduces, and has reached general international standard.Therefore, the pharmaceutical chemicals that the present invention consumed only is half of method that the people proposes such as M.J.Y.Lin.Production cost can reduce again.Therefore, the present invention is a kind of easy, cheap, high-quality ground extracts edible low-ester pectin from sunflower plate and bar a method.Be suitable for industrialized production.

Give to be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment

Be lower than sunflower plate and the bar that 12% its spongy layer is white in color just gathering in and be dried to water content, pulverize in feed grinder, granularity is the 10-80 order.Take by weighing 1 kilogram of 60 purpose raw material, add 20 kilograms of water that are adjusted to PH7-9 with yellow soda ash, at room temperature stirred 15 minutes, remove destainer, stay its slag with the centrifugation submethod.And use water as repeatedly washing, until effluent liquid be colourless till.Take out filter residue, put into the acid proof enamel reactor, add 2 liters of 20 kg of water and concentrated hydrochloric acids.At room temperature soak, stir half an hour.Remove spent acid solution with centrifugal separation method again, stay its slag.This slag uses water as thorough washing.Take out slag, put into container, add 20 kg of water, use the sodium carbonate regulating solution pH value, make PH=4.5.Stir half an hour, make the pectin stripping.After filtration, obtain containing the filtrate of pectin.Gained filtrate is moved in the acid-resistant container, add about 200 milliliters of concentrated hydrochloric acid.After stirring, leave standstill about 4 hours.Through press filtration and squeezing, remove moisture content.Obtain the solid state filter cake.This filter cake cleans with isometric acid alcohol solution, and acid alcohol liquid is made into by ethanol 60%, hydrochloric acid 10%.After stirring half an hour, remove acid alcohol liquid with squeezing.Add isometric 95% ethanol dehydration again, again through squeezing.In the vacuum drying oven of 700 mmhg, use the temperature drying that is lower than 65 ℃ about 4 hours then.After the drying, take out powder, sieve with 80 mesh sieve, can obtain look in vain, the Powdered finished product of the edible low-ester pectin of good brightness.

The edible low-ester pectin that adopts the present invention to make through multinomial mass analysis, meets the standard of using Citrus high ester pectin low-ester pectin of gained behind demethoxylation in the world.Table 1 is depicted as product quality analysis and the corresponding international standard that adopts the edible low-ester pectin that the present invention extracts from sunflower plate and bar.

Pectin product quality analysis of table 1 Sunflower Receptacle and corresponding international standard

Project Sunflower Receptacle pectin analytical results international standard

130 grades＞100 grades of gel-strengths

Gamma value 30%＜50%

Rich lactobionic acid content 66%＞35%

Moisture content 10%＜12%

Ash 1.5%＜10%

The insoluble ash 0.2%＜1% of acid

Acetyl content 1.77%＜1%

Arsenic 0.07ppm＜3ppm

Plumbous 0.44ppm＜40ppm

Though in the table 1 in the Sunflower Receptacle pectin acetyl content slightly higher than Citrus product, but this is raw materials used character decision, does not influence the functional quality and the hygienic standard of finished product.

Claims (7)

1, from sunflower plate and bar, extracts the extraction that the method that eats low-ester pectin relates to natural high moleculer eompound, this method may further comprise the steps: sunflower plate and road, bar pulverizing-hot water decolouring-usefulness Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 hot solution extraction-back processing-finished product is characterized in that decolouring and carry out in the room temperature micro alkaline solution; At room temperature use the decalcification of high-concentration inorganic acid solution, filter residue extracts pectin with alkali lye after the decalcification.

If the described method of 2 claims 1 is characterized in that the said decolouring aqueous solution is adjusted to PH=7-9 with mineral alkali.

3,, it is characterized in that used mineral alkali is sodium hydroxide or yellow soda ash as claim 1 and 2 described methods.

4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out decalcification in the inorganic acid solution of 0.1-5N.

5,, it is characterized in that used mineral acid is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, also can be acetic acid as claim 1 and 4 described methods.

6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the filter residue after the decalcification floods with inorganic alkali solution.

7,, it is characterized in that said steeping fluid is adjusted to PH=3.5-5.0 with yellow soda ash as claim 1 and 6 described methods.