CN85105662B - Variable speed and constant frequency synchro-asynchronous alternator - Google Patents
Variable speed and constant frequency synchro-asynchronous alternator Download PDFInfo
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- CN85105662B CN85105662B CN85105662A CN85105662A CN85105662B CN 85105662 B CN85105662 B CN 85105662B CN 85105662 A CN85105662 A CN 85105662A CN 85105662 A CN85105662 A CN 85105662A CN 85105662 B CN85105662 B CN 85105662B
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- rotor
- generator
- machine
- asynchronous
- armature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The present invention provides a synchronous and asynchronous generator with variable speed and constant frequency, which is a power generation device. The present invention is a combined generator composed of a synchronous motor with double rotors and an asynchronous motor with a wound rotor, and an armature and a magnetic pole of the synchronous motor with double rotors are rotary. Under the condition of cancelling a speed regulator of a prime mover, when rotary speed changes, the present invention ensures the generation of electric energy with constant frequency and obtains the high use factors of the energy. The present invention has the advantages of convenient manufacture, simple and reliable operation and easy maintenance and can be used as a wind force or hydraulic generator in places of sea islands, grasslands, mountainous districts, etc.
Description
The invention belongs to Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).
For the prime mover that utilizes fluid energy,,, then when change in flow, can cause that prime mover rotating speed changes if keep invariablenes turning speed constant without speed regulating device as the air operated machine and the hydraulic turbine etc.If drag general synchronous generator generating with it, then Fa Dian frequency changes, and this does not meet the electricity consumption requirement.If can formulate a kind of vscf generator, then can cancel necessary speed regulating device in conventional wind-force (waterpower) generating set, simplified unit, reduced cost.In addition, press the characteristic of blower fan, when the peripheral speed of wind speed and wind wheel was in a certain ratio, the usage factor of wind energy was the highest.As keeping this optimum ratio constant, the then rotating speed of the wind wheel variation that must be directly proportional with wind speed.At this moment, the output torque of blower fan and wind speed round square are directly proportional.Therefore, the generator of being formulated must also have such torque rotary speed characteristic under 50 hertz.
At present, a kind of adaptable technology is " asynchronous machine tandem control ".But, because it needs the electronic installation of a cover more complicated to come conversion frequency and controlling torque rotary speed property, cause to cost an arm and a leg, poor reliability, operation maintenance requires high.This is for as wind power generation, and the occasion that work under bad environment, unit capacity are little again is a kind of shortcoming.Not long ago, introduced a kind of vscf generator group that combines by electromagnetic slip clutch and synchronous machine on " middle and small motor information ".This unit is that to utilize electromagnetic slip clutch to keep the invariablenes turning speed of synchronous machine constant, and sends the constant frequency electrical power.Therefore, it needs the excitation regulation device of a cover slip clutch; When this unit improves when flow velocity, require to reduce the exciting current of slip clutch, thereby the overload capacity of generating set will reduce thereupon; The power of this unit is that series connection is transmitted, and unit efficiency equals the product of clutch efficiency and synchronous machine efficient, thereby efficient is lower; When wind speed improved, clutch was kept the synchronous machine invariablenes turning speed by loss increase own, thereby efficient is lower when high wind speed; Because slip clutch is comparatively expensive, the cost of complete machine is higher.
Problem in view of above prior art existence, task of the present invention is a kind of be suitable for moving under the adverse circumstances of exposing to the sun and rain simple and reliable of design, safeguard simple, cheap, the big and higher vscf generator of efficient of slewing range, cancel prime mover speed regulating device to reach, and improve the purpose of convection cell energy utilization coefficient.
The present invention adopts the birotor synchronous machine that is rotated by an armature and magnetic pole, a wire wound type asynchronous motor, and the excitation unit of synchronous machine and asynchronous machine secondary external impedance machine and electric aspect special connection and a kind of generator of constituting.Synchronous machine is dragged by prime mover, and prime mover can drive the external rotor of synchronous machine, also can drive its internal rotor.When driving external rotor, its internal rotor connects and rotation with asynchronous machine rotor is coaxial; When the prime mover driven internal rotor, its external rotor connects rotation with the rotor coaxial of asynchronous machine.The external rotor of synchronous machine can be used as armature, also can be used as magnetic pole, and when external rotor was armature, then internal rotor was a magnetic pole; Otherwise when internal rotor was armature, then external rotor was a magnetic pole.The rotor of asynchronous machine can be used as secondary, also can be used as former limit.When rotor was secondary, then stator was former limit; Otherwise when rotor was former limit, then stator was a secondary.Former limit three phase windings of asynchronous machine and maincenter three phase windings of synchronous machine link by required phase sequence.Secondary three phase windings and the external impedance of asynchronous machine link, and this impedance is formed in parallel by resistance and electric capacity.According to structural needs, the rotor of asynchronous machine can be designed as internal rotor or is designed to external rotor.
The present invention comes down to realize variable speed constant frequency generators by following 3:
(1) owing to the birotor synchronous machine that has adopted armature and magnetic pole all to rotate, this just provides and kept the indeclinable possibility of relative velocity between inner and outer rotors when rotation speed change, in case reach this result, synchronous machine just can send the alternating current of constant frequency.
(2) rotor (armature or magnetic pole) owing to synchronous machine is dragged by prime mover, and another rotor (magnetic pole or armature) and asynchronous machine are coaxial, so they can both condition each other in torque, and forming the steady running state, this just makes unit can realize power transmission and electromechanical energy conversion.
(3) since asynchronous machine secondary winding external the impedance that is in parallel by resistance and electric capacity, two the parameter re and the Xe that do special variation with revolutional slip S are provided in the secondary loop of equivalent circuit, cause torque rotary speed curve M (n) under constant frequency can approach the second-degree parabola relation preferably, can be reasonable and the M(n of fluid prime mover) curve matches.Like this, just reached the purpose of variable speed constant frequency generator.
According to the connection principle of above-mentioned machine and electric aspect, the present invention has multiple connection scheme.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of connection scheme wherein.The external rotor sr1 of birotor synchronous machine S is an armature among the figure, and internal rotor sr2 is a magnetic pole; The stator AS of asynchronous machine A is former limit, and rotor A r is a secondary.The synchronous machine external rotor is by prime mover driven, and internal rotor connects with the secondary of asynchronous machine is mechanically coaxial.Former limit three phase windings of asynchronous machine and armature three phase windings of synchronous machine link, and by the voltage feed that exciting device of synchronous motor SF self-excitation is set up, its secondary three phase windings and external impedance AZ link.When prime mover DV drove synchronous machine external rotor sr1 rotation, synchronous machine was promptly encouraged oneself and is built pressure, and according to the size of power output, the torque that produces opposite sign but equal magnitude on outer two rotors within it.At this moment, asynchronous machine also obtains power supply simultaneously, it also gets up starting, and run under a certain running status of a certain rotating speed (motor, brake or generator), and the torque that produces a certain size of a certain direction, when this torque and synchronous machine were created in torque on the internal rotor and balance each other, then unit was in steady operational status.
But asynchronous machine stable operation is in motor, brake and three kinds of states of generator.Motoring is the low regime of external rotor, and the brake running status is the middling speed district of external rotor, and operation state of generator is the high velocity of external rotor.
If will make unit connect operation in basic, normal, high three districts, then should be in the middling speed district (brake attitude) S 〉=2 o'clock, with the change of the former limit of asynchronous motor phase sequence, make asynchronous machine change operation state of generator over to from the brake running status.Do like this, the slewing range of unit is enlarged, but also can improve the minimum efficiency of unit.
The external impedance AZ of asynchronous machine secondary of the present invention is by resistance R and capacitive reactance X
cBe formed in parallel.It is equivalent in series insert a resistance r on the equivalent circuit of former limit
eWith a capacitive reactance X
e, its tabular form is:
r
e＝１/Ｓ（R
1X
C 12/S
εR
12＋X
C 12）＝１/SR
e
X
e＝R
12X
C 1/S
εR
12+X
C 12
In the formula:
R
e＝R
1X
C 12/S
εR
12+X
C 12
R ' is the resistance the during umber of turn of former limit for R converts.
X '
eBut X
eCapacitive reactance numerical value when converting the former limit number of turn.
Because R
eAnd X
eAnd the above-mentioned relation between S, we can select R and X
cNumerical value control generating set torque rotary speed characteristic M(n) shape.
For asynchronous machine in the market, R and X
cAs in following scope, choosing and adjust:
R
*＝0.5～4
X
c *＝20～300
The function of then generating electricity is sent the electric energy of 50 He Zhi, and its error is no more than ± and 1 hertz.
R in last two formulas
*And X
c *Expression resistance R and capacitive reactance X
cImpedance base value Z with asynchronous machine
N=U
N/ I
NPer unit value during for base value.This machine range of operation is that S is not more than 2.5, is not less than-3.
If in order to improve slewing range and raising the efficiency, and motor, brake Operational Zone are connected use with the generator operation district, then at S 〉=2 places except that wanting reconfiguration asynchronous machine phase sequence, also to change R and X among the external impedance AZ
c, its value still can be chosen and be adjusted in the above range.
Because this generator frequency deviation is little, the present invention can unit operation, also can be incorporated into the power networks.
The selection of asynchronous machine number of poles is relevant with the efficient of unit and running speed, and its relation is as follows:
When asynchronous machine is done motor and brake operation:
Rotating speed is: n=(1-(1-S) P
S/ P) n
s
Theoretical efficiency is:
When asynchronous machine is made generator operation:
Rotating speed is: n=(1+(1-S) P
S/ P
A) n
S
Theoretical efficiency is:
Synchronous generator capacity P
SNWith asynchronous machine capacity P
ANThan following relationship being arranged with the number of poles ratio:
P
AN/P
SN＝P
S/P
A
P in the formula
SBe the synchronous machine number of poles,
P
ABe the asynchronous machine number of poles,
n
SBe the same leg speed of synchronous machine.
Synchronous machine of the present invention and asynchronous machine can be made independent structures separately, also they can be merged to form an integral body, are placed within the same support.Fig. 2 shows a kind of monolithic construction schematic diagram that connects scheme wherein.The external rotor sr1 of synchronous machine is a magnetic pole among the figure, and internal rotor sr2 is an armature; The stator AS of asynchronous machine is a secondary, is fixed on the support, and rotor A r is former limit, with the coaxial rotation of synchronous motor armature.Because the armature of synchronous machine is connected on circuit with the former limit of asynchronous machine, thus this structure decrease the number of slip ring, make electric machine structure compactness more.
The excitation mode of synchronous machine of the present invention can adopt self-excitation, also can adopt separate excitation or permanent magnetism.
" synchronously-asynchronous vscf generator " can guarantee to send the electric energy of 50 He Zhi constant frequencies under the situation of cancellation prime mover speed regulating device, and its error is no more than ± and 1 hertz, and can improve the usage factor of prime mover to wind energy and Water Energy.Because it does not need the frequency-variable electronic device, do not need to regulate automatically the mechanical property device yet, so its is cheap, move simple and reliablely, easy to maintenance, and under rugged environment, also can normally move as island, high mountain.It has the speed adjustable range of broad, higher running efficiency.
This generator can generate electricity by independent operating, can also generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and can select the frequency of generating electricity.
The present invention has following accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the principle system diagram.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the input mechanical property M=f(n of embodiment) curve, input power P=f(n) curve and frequency characteristic f=F(n) curve.
Be an embodiment who does for wind-driven generator below.
Synchronous machine, power 3KW, number of poles 4 utmost points.
Asynchronous machine, power 2KW, number of poles 8 utmost points.
External impedance, R=70 Ω, C=μ f(parallel connection).
The external rotor of synchronous machine is as armature, and internal rotor is as magnetic pole, and the stator of asynchronous machine is as former limit, and rotor is as secondary.The external rotor of synchronous machine is by prime mover driven, and the rotor coaxial of internal rotor and asynchronous machine rotates.The three-phase stator winding of asynchronous machine and the armature of synchronous machine three phase windings link, and by the voltage feed that the exciting device of synchronous motor self-excitation is set up, its rotor three-phase winding and external impedance link.
The input mechanical property M=f(n of this generator) curve and frequency characteristic f=F(n) as shown in Figure 3, base value power P wherein
b=3KW, the base value rotation speed n
b=4700 rev/mins, the base value torque M
b=6.1 Ns of rice, as seen from the figure, M is directly proportional with the quadratic power of n, meets the characteristic of wind motor, and the deviation of frequency f is not more than 1 hertz, reaches the requirement of constant frequency generation substantially.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of vscf generator, it is characterized in that the birotor synchronous machine (S) that comprises that armature and magnetic pole all rotate, wire wound type asynchronous motor (A), excitation unit (SF), external impedance (AZ), a rotor of birotor synchronous machine are by prime mover driven, and another rotor is connected common rotation with the rotor mechanical of asynchronous machine, former limit three phase windings of asynchronous machine connect with armature three phase windings of birotor synchronous machine, and its secondary three phase windings and external impedance link.
2, by the said generator of claim 1.It is characterized in that said external impedance is the impedance that is in parallel by resistance and electric capacity.
3, by the said generator of claim 1, when it is characterized in that external rotor (sr1) when synchronous machine is as armature, then internal rotor (sr2) is as magnetic pole, and when internal rotor during as armature, then external rotor is as magnetic pole.
4, by the said generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that the rotor (Ar) of asynchronous machine is internal rotor or external rotor.
5, by the said generator of claim 1, when it is characterized in that stator (AS) when asynchronous machine is former limit, then rotor is a secondary, and when stator was secondary, then rotor was former limit.
6, by the said generator of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that synchronous machine and asynchronous machine are made separately independent structures or synchronous machine and asynchronous machine merging are formed an integral body, be placed within the same support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105662A CN85105662B (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1985-07-29 | Variable speed and constant frequency synchro-asynchronous alternator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105662A CN85105662B (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1985-07-29 | Variable speed and constant frequency synchro-asynchronous alternator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85105662B true CN85105662B (en) | 1985-10-10 |
| CN85105662A CN85105662A (en) | 1985-10-10 |
Family
ID=4794620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105662A Expired CN85105662B (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1985-07-29 | Variable speed and constant frequency synchro-asynchronous alternator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85105662B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101247064B (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2010-06-09 | 王光顺 | Brushless ac excitation speed-changing same-frequency generator |
| CN101741176B (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-02-29 | 南京高传机电自动控制设备有限公司 | Integrated double-rotor electric generator |
-
1985
- 1985-07-29 CN CN85105662A patent/CN85105662B/en not_active Expired
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85105662A (en) | 1985-10-10 |
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