CN85104807A - Multi-range load cell - Google Patents
Multi-range load cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104807A CN85104807A CN 85104807 CN85104807A CN85104807A CN 85104807 A CN85104807 A CN 85104807A CN 85104807 CN85104807 CN 85104807 CN 85104807 A CN85104807 A CN 85104807A CN 85104807 A CN85104807 A CN 85104807A
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Abstract
A kind of resistance strain type multi-broad force detecting sensor, it has overcome that existing multi-range load cell complex structure, part are many, poor rigidity, shop characteristic and precision are difficult for the shortcoming that guarantees, the present invention has designed the composite elastic body of the I-shaped integrative-structure of a kind of radial, can be relatively easy to realize each range all be zero-based double-range, three ranges, so that four quantum force cell.It can be used for static force or dynamic force measurement, can divide section ground to measure continuously in full range.Therefore, it has guaranteed to change in the measuring process of continuous working power value greatly at measuring amplitude, has improved each sectional measuring accuracy in the gamut scope.And can in 90 degree scopes of horizontal direction, install and use in vertical direction.
Description
A kind of resistance strain type multi-broad force detecting sensor, it can be used for static force or dynamic force measurement; Be used to measure retarding torque, drag torque, pulling force, force of compression, thrust or the like.
At present, single range force detecting sensor of two different ranges of handlebar is connected in series the method that realizes that double-range is measured both at home and abroad, and also the single dynamometry elastomer group of handlebar is assembled into multi-range load cell altogether and realizes multi-range measurement.They are compared with single range force detecting sensor, can realize the measurement of multirange power value, and have improved the measuring accuracy of force cell lower range section to a certain extent.But, adopt the way of combination because these strain-type force sensors all are the dynamometry elastic bodys that has adopted separation structure.Therefore, no matter from the assurance of processing technology, assembling adjusting process, and the raising of sensor accuracy, aspects such as the expansion of range of application all are subjected to certain restriction.When particularly wanting to increase multiple range range number, when just in the gamut scope, thinking to increase sectional number again, structurally will be complicated more, just implement very difficulty.According to existing data, still find no a kind of four quantum force cell.
One of purpose of the present invention provide a kind of simple in structure, shop characteristic good, volume is little, weight is light, the multirange strain-type force sensor that is used to measure retarding torque, drag torque, pulling force, force of compression, thrust of good rigidly, precision height, applied range.Another object of the present invention is to provide one can install and use in vertical direction optional position in the 90 degree scopes of horizontal direction and do not need the multi-range load cell of other auxiliary parts under the above-mentioned condition satisfying.A further object of the present invention provides a kind of each range all starts from scratch, and divides section ground not lose the multi-range load cell of precision measure continuously in the gamut scope.
The present invention is achieved in that force cell except having a load pressure head and chassis, the composite elastic body that also has an I-shaped integrative-structure of radial, it is by the spoke shape body of two different geometrical size up and down, the middle composite elastic body formation that fuses along three's axis with cylinder (solid or hollow).Also can by top be a spoke shape body and following two on same plane, the spoke shape body of concentric, between last lower spokes shape body, constitute along the composite elastic body that their axis is connected as a body with cylinder.Three or four rigidity differences, strain regions that natural frequency is different are arranged respectively on the composite elastic body of these two kinds of versions, therefore, the output of three or four ranges can be arranged.Obviously, get, then can be used as dual-range force detecting sensor and use as long as relax with structural house the technologic part of process.
Be the part that the assisted recombination elastic body bears acting force with joining load pressure head of composite elastic body and chassis among the present invention, form change gap (also being the overload protection gap simultaneously) between multirange with it and composite elastic body simultaneously.The size in these gaps obtains according to the distortion accurate Calculation that composite elastic body is subjected to produce behind the acting force, thereby can be so that two or three strain positions than range obtain range conversion accurately and reliable overload protection immediately after bearing predetermined load.
Composite elastic body relies on wheel hub the one that connects to of each stressed site of action rigidity own, simultaneously because the middle part of wheel hub also is the strain regions of sensor measurement high range power value, so it is designed to the column entity still is that hollow cylinder all has very high strength and stiffness, be enough to keep each strain regions reliability and stability in the course of the work on the composite elastic body.
This sensor can at the corresponding position of each strain regions of composite elastic body adhering resistance strain sheets, and be formed the measuring bridge group, to constitute multiple range strain-type force sensors such as stress, shear stress, pressure (or drawing) stress by bending according to the design needs.
The present invention has adopted the composite elastic body of the I-shaped integrative-structure of radial on version, by elongation, the shortening that makes this this body structure of elastic body, and the increase and decrease of spoke and extend and to obtain a plurality of strain regions, thereby be designed to two, three as required very easily, four-range force cell, and the auxiliary component of having avoided the separation structure elastic body thereupon to bring becomes the 3-4 multiplication many with single elastic body number when the recruitment number of passes.
Second, on performance, because elastic body of the present invention is the I-shaped integrative-structure form of radial, can keep spoke strain beam and pillar strain regions (wheel hub) reliability and stability in the course of the work, make it have the characteristics of stronger anti-bias load and lateral force resistance.The composite elastic body of it and separation structure is compared, support member and connector are paid or assisted to the motion guide rail that need not increase any slip-rolling friction, and it is any irrational, may give support that the key technical indexes such as nonlinearity, hysteresis, nonrepeatability of sensor bring adverse effect, connection, contact plane, contact point etc., the factor that makes sensor produce error significantly reduces.That is to say, can improve the precision of multi-range load cell.
The 3rd, because above-mentioned two factors make multi-range load cell of the present invention to install and use arbitrarily in horizontal direction 90 degree scopes in vertical direction, thereby have enlarged range of application.
The 4th, each range of multi-range load cell of the present invention can be designed to the form of dual output, and therefore the obtaining of data for those disposable measurements that can not repeat provides reliable assurance.Just improved the reliability of sensor.
The 5th, each range of sensor of the present invention is all started from scratch, and can divide section ground to measure continuously in full range.Therefore, it has guaranteed to change in the measuring process of continuous working power value greatly at measuring amplitude, has improved the measuring accuracy of each section in the gamut scope.As everyone knows, in the gamut scope, the range section is got many more, and each sectional measuring accuracy is high more.
The present invention can be applicable to the weighing of various goods and materials, the metering of power value, and in the various dynamic force measurement engineering.
One, the weighing that is used for goods and materials.
For example: in the supply station of materials and equipment or warehouse handling goods weighing all be that metering section with mobile crane, crane is exactly that (or one a group) force cell is added Displaying Meter or printer usually, in handling goods, realized automatic gauge, valuation.Using under the situation of single range sensors, lifting capacity is 20 tons a crane, and it is big just can only to load and unload those weight, the goods that price is low.But the specification of the extensive handling goods in supply station of materials and equipment or warehouse, weight are often quite disperseed, if various kinds, specification, the different goods of weight classes are carried out conveniently, are measured accurately, adopt multi-range load cell to be installed on the crane, just can make things convenient for, rapidly, automatic gauge exactly.In like manner, in departments such as commerce, grain, goods and materials, and industrial sector such as machinery, metallurgy, transportation can be applied.
Two, be used for measurement verification department
For example, 15 tons of second grade standard dynamometers be examine and determine, three or four single range high precision force cells that range does not wait in verification process, will be used in measurement verification department.Because when range reduces, as not using the sensor of corresponding range instead, calibration accuracy will reduce at double.If use one three range or four-range force cell, then can guarantee calibration accuracy, the time of calibration operation and program are shortened greatly, improved work efficiency.
Three, be used for the test of dynamic force
For example: when measuring dynamic force in some engineering, the work of test macro can not optionally be interrupted or repeat, and can not carry out the change of force cell and replace in measuring process.The power of dynamic force is worth time dependent curve shown in Fig. 1 (a).Abscissa is time t(second among the figure); Ordinate is an ergometry value F(ton).If adopt multi-range load cell of the present invention, can in full range, branch Chengdu be zero-based four range: 0-F
1; 0-F
2; 0-F
3; 0-F
4Thereby increase each sectional electrical output signal, reduce the influence of electrical noise, just make each range all can obtain best output signal, improved each sectional measuring accuracy, make test job have under the situation of conversion extension in time carry out the continuous measurement of not losing precision at range.
Fig. 1 (b) is the output characteristic curve of four quantum force cell.Abscissa is an ergometry value F(ton); Ordinate is sensor output value Vs(mV/V).M, N, Q, W are respectively the output characteristic curves of four corresponding ranges.When the power value of lower range section surpasses its range, then become state of saturation, and the maximum amount journey is from 0-F
4Linear in the scope.
According to the needs of actual engineering test, each range of this multi-range load cell all can adopt the form of dual output, and just each range all can connect simultaneously to two test macros.So just can form four ranges are arranged at most, totally eight groups of measuring bridge (R
1~R
8) obtain the output of eight road electric signal, and all can carry out independent measurement respectively, be independent of each other.
Fig. 2 is the measurement system diagram of four quantum force cell.
Below by embodiment structural feature of the present invention and course of action are described:
Embodiment one:
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of a double-range (four output) force cell.
This sensor comprises load pressure head (1), composite elastic body (2), chassis (3), and sticks on resistance strain gage (C) and (D) on strain beam (22) and the following strain beam (25), also has shell etc. not draw in addition.The circular planes rigid attachment of wheel rim (21) on the lower plane outer ring part of load pressure head (1) and the composite elastic body forms the change gap δ that has determined lower range by the upper surface (2A) of wheel hub (23) and the lower plane of load pressure head (1)
1The following garden plane of a loop of the following wheel rim (24) of chassis (3) and composite elastic body (2) also is a rigid attachment, has so just determined the overload protection gap delta by forming between the lower surface (2B) of wheel hub (23) and chassis (3)
2
Between wheel hub (23) top and the last wheel rim (21), be strain beam (22) (being the lower range strain beam) on the cruciform that is symmetrically distributed in all scopes in garden, it is designed to the bent beam of stress (also can be the shear beam that is subjected to shear stress) by bending.Between wheel hub (23) bottom and the following wheel rim (24), also be strain beam (25) (being the high range strain beam) under the cruciform that is symmetrically distributed in all scopes in garden, following strain beam is the shear beam that is subjected to shear stress.
Course of action is as follows:
When load F is applied on the half sphere shape of load pressure head (1), it just passes to wheel rim on the composite elastic body (21) to load F along the lower plane outer ring of load pressure head equably, affact on the chassis (3) through last strain beam (22), wheel hub (23), following strain beam (25), following wheel rim (24) again, when load is increased to F from zero
1The time, last strain beam (22) deforms, and sticking on the measuring bridge that the resistance strain gage (C) on the strain beam formed just has output, just can detect load 0-F
1
When the load that is applied on the load pressure head (1) reaches F
1The time, range change gap δ
1Closure is zero.Having prevented may be to the damage of last strain beam (22) because of transshipping.
Load F continues to increase, at F
1<F≤F
2The time, load F directly passes to wheel hub (23) by load pressure head (1), again through strain beam (25), following wheel rim (24) affact on the chassis (3) down.Because load is increased to F from zero
2The time, following strain beam (25) deforms all the time.Sticking on down the measuring bridge that the resistance strain gage (D) on the strain beam (25) formed also has output all the time, just can detect load 0-F
2The overload protection gap delta
2Then be to prevent that load F from surpassing the rating number F of this range
2The time, may cause damage or destruction to following strain beam (25).As F 〉=F
2The time, δ
2Closure is zero.
Embodiment two:
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of three range force detecting sensors.Compare with embodiment one, the two is basic identical, it just extended former wheel hub (23) cylinder partly.Thereby formed the 3rd strain regions (26A).As described in embodiment one, sensor has been finished load F
1And F
2Measurement after, this moment range change gap δ
1And δ
2Closure is zero.Load F continues to increase, up to ratings F
3, compression deformation takes place in this process column type elastomer all the time.Sticking on the measuring bridge that the resistance strain gage (E) on the 3rd strain regions (26A) formed also has output all the time, just can detect load 0-F
3In general, the column type elastomer load-bearing capacity is very big.Therefore, three ranges of multi-range load cell can be in very big measurement range arrangement ratio arbitrarily, to finish the high precision force measurement of multiple specific (special) requirements.
Same Fig. 3 of the explanation of other labels among the figure.
Embodiment three:
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of three range force detecting sensors.Its structure and operating principle are identical substantially with embodiment two, difference be the 3rd strain regions be a tubular Cylinder (26B).Tubular Cylinder bending resistance is strong, in light weight, and therefore this structure helps measuring in the horizontal direction thrust.
Same Fig. 3 of the explanation of other labels among the figure.
Embodiment four:
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of double-range tension and compression type load cell.Its structure embodiment one that makes peace greatly is identical, and difference just has threaded hole (12) in the design of the upper end of load pressure head (1), can replace pulling force ring or semisphere load spare respectively.
(27) are the threaded holes of demarcating usefulness among the figure.The same Fig. 3 of other label declarations.
Be subjected to load F at sensor
1And F
2Do the time spent, the sensor operating principle is identical with embodiment one with the range transfer principle, but the sensor in the present embodiment can measured load F
2Afterwards, continuous coverage one opposite force (F
1).Because composite elastic body (2) all has enough big linking intensity, opposite force (F with load pressure head (1) and chassis (3)
1) just make strain beam (22) generation reversal deformation by last wheel rim (21), sticking on the measuring bridge that the resistance strain gage (C) of strain beam side formed just also has reverse output, just can finish opposite force (F
1) measurement.In the present embodiment, the tested F that measures one's own ability
1,-F
1And F
2Order can arrange arbitrarily, but can not finish load F
2Reverse measurement.
The output characteristic curve of this tension and compression type load cell is seen Fig. 7 (a).Number in the figure illustrates same Fig. 1 (b).
This tension and compression type load cell just makes lower range change gap δ when in addition, also can be designed to virgin state
1=0.At this moment, its output characteristic curve is seen Fig. 7 (b).
Embodiment five:
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural representation of four quantum force cell.This sensor is made up of load pressure head (1), composite elastic body (2), top bottom-disc (3) and low bottom-disc (4).Its composite elastic body by top be a spoke shape body and below be two at grade, the spoke shape body of concentric, and four strain beams (spoke) are arranged respectively, two groups of strain beams (25), (29) are corresponding one by one at garden Zhou Fangxiang, differ 45 degree, evenly distribute.Between last lower spokes shape body, be connected to become a whole with Cylinder (23).Structure between structure formation between last wheel rim (21) and the load pressure head (1), following wheel rim (24) and the top bottom-disc (3) forms, change gap δ
1And δ
2Formation all identical with operating principle with present embodiment one.In addition, the garden of the following circular planes of outer rim (28) and low bottom-disc (4) outer ring ring is gone up plane (4A) rigid attachment, makes the lower plane (3B) of top bottom-disc (3) and the concave surface (4B) of low bottom-disc (4) form range change gap δ
3This force cell has four strain regions, forms the measuring bridge group by the resistance strain gage (C), (D), (G), (H) that stick on each corresponding site of strain regions.Each measuring bridge can independently be exported.
Same Fig. 3 of the explanation of other labels among Fig. 8.
The course of action of four quantum force cell is as follows: F
1And F
2Measurement identical with embodiment one.Continue increase above F when load F is continuous
2The time, the outer ring strain beam (29) of composite elastic body continues distortion.When increasing, F reaches F
3The time, δ
3Closure is zero.Load F continues to increase until ratings F again
4This process, compression deformation takes place in right cylinder (23) in the middle of the composite elastic body all the time.Stick on the measuring bridge that resistance strain gage (C), (D), (G), (H) of each strain regions formed and detect load: 0-F respectively
1; 0-F
2; 0-F
3; 0-F
4
The output characteristic curve of this four quantum force cell is seen Fig. 1 (b), and test macro can be consulted Fig. 2.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of by load pressure head [1], elastic body [2], chassis [3] rigid attachment and the multi-range load cell that constitutes is characterized in that the composite elastic body that this elastomeric version is the I-shaped integrative-structure of a kind of radial.On this composite elastic body, formed the strain regions of different measuring section.Simultaneously, by composite elastic body and load pressure head, and designed multiple range change gap between composite elastic body and the chassis.And all be pasted with foil gauge at each strain regions, can form dual output.
2, according to the force cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that this elastic body be one by the spoke shape body of two different geometrical size up and down, the middle one-piece construction that couples together along three's axial line with cylinder (being wheel hub (23)), i.e. composite elastic body.Between the lower plane of upper surface of wheel hub (23) (2A) and load pressure head (1), and form multiple range change gap δ between the lower surface (2B) of wheel hub (23) and chassis (3)
1, δ
2Adhering resistance strain sheets on the corresponding position of each strain regions of composite elastic body, and form the measuring bridge group of each range.
3,, it is characterized in that wheel hub (23) is hollow Cylinder according to the force cell of claim 2.
4, according to the force cell of claim 2, it is characterized in that: threaded hole (12) is arranged in the upper end of load pressure head (1).
5, according to the force cell of claim 2, the lower spokes that it is characterized in that described composite elastic body by two at grade, the spoke shape body of concentric constitutes, each spoke shape body has four strain beams, and two groups of strain beams are corresponding one by one at garden Zhou Fangxiang, differ 45 degree, evenly distribute.The chassis of force cell is made up of top bottom-disc (3) and low bottom-disc (4) two parts, the following garden plane of a loop rigid attachment of the last plane of top bottom-disc (3) and following wheel rim (24) forms range change gap δ between the last plane of the lower surface of wheel hub and top bottom-disc (3)
2In addition, the garden of the following garden plane of a loop of outer rim (28) and low bottom-disc (4) outer ring ring is gone up plane (4A) rigid attachment, formation range change gap δ between the lower plane (3B) that makes top bottom-disc and the concave surface (4B) of low bottom-disc (4)
3
Priority Applications (1)
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CN 85104807 CN85104807B (en) | 1985-06-02 | 1985-06-02 | Multi-range load cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 85104807 CN85104807B (en) | 1985-06-02 | 1985-06-02 | Multi-range load cell |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN85104807A true CN85104807A (en) | 1986-08-06 |
CN85104807B CN85104807B (en) | 1986-08-06 |
Family
ID=4794075
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CN 85104807 Expired CN85104807B (en) | 1985-06-02 | 1985-06-02 | Multi-range load cell |
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