CN85104548A - Insulation, porous, shaped articles and the body of wall made from this class object and the manufacture method of building element - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of manufacturing insulation, porous, the method for shaped articles, add attached stickum on the obturator in object and wrap up in layer, add attached flour then, make it not have viscosity, so, subsequently whole material group is delivered in the mould plate making discrete particles like this and the sclerosis cement mixes.Can as one sees fit blowing agent and waterglass be mixed, flour is advisable with cement.Blowing agent preferably uses condensing protein.

Description

Insulation, porous, shaped articles and the body of wall made from this class object and the manufacture method of building element

The manufacture method of the relevant insulation of the present invention, porous, shaped articles and use the building of these objects and/or the building method of building components.Particularly, the present invention relates to insulate, the shaped articles of porous, such as flat shape plate, building block or similar construction set wherein may have the groove-type hollow region.

From No. the 7113658th, Netherlands patent applications, recognize the manufacture method of the porous shaped articles that uses the expanded polystyrene spheroid, the layer of wrapping up in that bituminous or coal tar oils article are arranged on the spheroid, pitch or tar are attached on the surface of spheroid, wrapping up in the layer can be all or partly mix cement and/or sand grains, to lower the viscosity of pitch or tar class article, and then adding cement or cement/sand mixture and water, make spheroid adhered to one another, again this material group is placed in the model and solidifies, make it to become shaped articles.

Improvement to said method, in No. the 0031365th, European patent specification, narration is arranged, in this patent, the smell of pitch or coal tar has been done eliminating, and, the intensity of shaped articles has been increased with the article of pitch or coal tar oils and a kind of mixture of waterglass.The content of waterglass can reach 75% in the mixture.The shaped articles of making has like this shown the good insulation performance performance, and can heat resistanceheat resistant and waterproof.

But this shaped articles has its shortcoming, bonding spheroid can be broken away from from shaped articles by mechanical force, this mechanical force is just like in this defeated way, carrying on the construction site, and when the turn of the screw and ailing, produced, can cause object that disadvantageous distortion is arranged, or make and have weak spot in the object.

The objective of the invention is this known method is made improvements, thereby make product not only show the known advantage of this product, and make ailing and the turn of the screw convenient, can be with common hand-operated tools work bonding spheroid is unlikely to shed from adherend.Simultaneously, the weight of unit volume and compression strength can be regulated on demand.

For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of method of making insulation, porous shaped articles, these objects are just like flat shape plate, building block and other shaped articles, such as body of wall, the assembly of the pre-setting of floor or building can be made conduit and/or hollow area on demand inside, place the object of hollow or part hollow inside, such as diameter polystyrene spheres.Glass or plastic hollow spheroid, ceramic material porous particle and other porous packing bodies.This filling object the layer of wrapping up in that contains stickum arranged in appearance, stick to and fill on the object surfaces, this stickum is just like pitch and coal tar oils article, such as resin based on the paint binder of natural resin or synthetic resin, or with reset condition, or diluted state, or dissolved state, or water disperse state or water and milk state, or the polymer of non-solvent disperse state or emulsified state.Also can add one deck such as coal tar or pitch, or the mixture of resin or polymer etc. and mensuration dissolubility silicic salting liquid is made viscous layer.The content of mixture mesosilicic acid salting liquid can reach 75%.

On viscous layer, add the particulate material that spreads one deck powdery or porphyrize again, as cement, lime, chalk, sand grains, talcum powder, gypsum, can not influence adhesive other materials, be beneficial to form a material group, form by the spheroid of wrapping up in layer that has that disperses substantially with after-hardening.

Spheroid and the adhesive obtained are like this mixed, contain the material that shifts in time by chemical process or physical process sclerosis in this adhesive, cement such as water, gypsum, lime, the mixture of sand or clay, or the mixture of these mixtures, also can be with the resin or the plastics of natural type or synthesis type, or with the mixture of resin or plastics and aforementioned cement.Cement is just like sand and polyvinyl acetate fat liquor, or rubber, or the mixture of resin or polymer solution or emulsion, and after these mixture dryings, or after the solvent evaporation, whether no matter in conjunction with chemical reaction, formation can keep the block of shape invariance.

Cement above-mentioned can be with dense thick form, or uses its form of foam, or the form after stirring mixes, and also the additive that increases volume or weight reduction can be mixed.

Obturator and the cement made like this, when not forming the agglomerate of sclerosis, put into model, with agglomerate sclerosis or semi-harden, become the shape of the object that requirement makes, object can be taken out from model, in the space that opens wide, harden then.This agglomerate also can use under unhardened state, hardens in the place that it is in the end used.Unhardened agglomerate is being put into model, or the place that is put into last use can take vibrations or shake processing when getting on, perhaps agglomerate be depressed conveying adding, in the hope of obtaining the high evenness of final plastic.

With the object that this method makes, compression strength can reach 10kg/cm ², preferably have 40kg/cm at least ²Compression strength, object has high fire protecting performance, and fire protecting performance depends on the type of cement.If raw-material amount and type selecting are correct, the shaped articles made from this method can be fit to do the bearing assembly or the fill assembly of building so, and can be used for making floor or floor file assembly.

If basic material is selected correct, by object or object that this method is made, available general tool is processed smoothly.

If needed, through the object that pressurization and vibrations handle to form, can be dry under self-sustaining state, do not need object to be closed in model as according to the sort of method described in No. the 0031365th, the European patent specification.

Method by the present invention's proposition, pressurization and/or vibrations are handled and can be carried out with the apparatus of " Hydramat " type, this apparatus is produced by " Hess Maschinenfabrik KG " company, doing the compacting of general non-porous concrete segment uses, and when carrying out method proposed by the invention, the pressure that the required pressure mixture earth building blocks more common than compacting needs is little a lot.

Be used in the viscous cement on the porous particle, can be with the material of bituminous or coal tar oils.But the stickum that also can contain other is such as solution, suspension or the emulsion of polymer or natural resin or synthetic resin.Give an example as the alcoholic solution of shellac, the emulsion of polyvinyl acetate etc.These materials are used to make the emulsion paint solution of natural resin or synthetic resin when the paint and the preparation of varnish, also can contain paint and varnish itself, otherwise the porous object is had adverse influence, or effect is very limited, just can use.

Also can make viscous cement in some cases with the aqueous solution of plastics or natural materials.

Cement can also and the solvable silicide solution of the metal of periodic system first main group mix the solution of the most handy sodium metasilicate or potassium silicate.These compounds also are called waterglass.Waterglass can reach 75% in the gross weight of viscous cement.

Flour is preferably in mixture operation to add when finishing, and makes powder particle be attached to the outside of viscous cement, forms the superficial layer of porous particle.The flour that uses is preferably also wanted the powder of spreading after the cement sclerosis afterwards, but when doing like this, also can use the flour of other types fully.

The sclerosis cement can be when mixing for the first time all or part of sneaking into, also can after mixing for the first time, all sneak into or part is sneaked into.If needed, the sclerosis cement can be mixed with water in advance, if use other additive, for example use blowing agent, stabilizing agent, dyestuff, promoter, when set retarder or other components of in concrete processing, using always, also can do premixed, with the ideal performance of the cement that helps obtaining hardening with the sclerosis cement.

Condensing protein can be made blowing agent and use, the product of producing such as the SKWT of Trostbery can use, though condensing protein can mix with its conc forms or dilute form, but, except can also using other blowing agent and surface active compounds commonly used with resin expanded or the stirring.When carrying out the additive mixing, the available known apparatus of batching.

To begin with a feasible implementation step below, the present invention is done comparatively detailed elaboration, do the basis to wrap up in layer expanded polystyrene foams spheroid here, wrapping up in has pitch articles in the layer, waterglass and cement, and the sclerosis cement contains a kind of mixture of foam concrete.

Yet the principle of (sic) according to the present invention, not with the constituent of top proposition, and the goods form (System) that produces other is very possible.

With reference to accompanying drawing, now the present invention is done comparatively detailed being described below:

The foamed material expanded spheres that storage is made in the known manner in silo (1).Spheroid may contain the material of polystyrene and so on.These spheroids can have diameter 0.5-15mm, are in particular diameter 3 to 5mm, and proportion is every cubic metre 10 and arrives 15Kg.Downside in the convergent contour lower end (2) of silo has a little discharge port of rectangle.It has a spiral conveyer that is placed in the cylindrical housings (3) down, directly link to each other with the above-mentioned mouthful material mouth that unloads, conveyer is directly driven by a motor, or by one from inactive state, can progressively change the travelling gear transmission that broad velocity interval is arranged of rotating speed, the actuating speed of spiral conveyer can be changed, and do accurate the adjusting.The spiral conveyer puts in the air intake duct (4) of fumer (5), and the impeller of fumer has the blade of fillet, and the spheroid that passes through can be damaged.Fumer (5) blows spheroid, passes through from conduit (6), reaches a silo (7), and silo (7) has suitable gas outlet, and for example fine mesh sieve sheet is installed in upside, and the air of sending here from fumer can be overflowed rapidly.

The spheroid that drops out from silo (7) enters first measurer (8), a tank is preferably arranged in the measurer, two trunnion axis parallel to each other are wherein arranged, on the every axle nail that stretches out is diametrically arranged, each nail and adjacent nail skew a little in a circumferential direction, thereby the free end of nail appearss as around a helix of axle.For example, the length of proportioning machine (8) is 4 meters, and the distance on every axle between nail for example is 10 centimeters.Nail on two axles interts mutually, and therefore at two axles during mutually with opposite direction rotation, nail passes through with the mutual low coverage of nail, in the scope between the diaxon, follows closely and all moves down.The end of nail is near the trough wall activity of measurer (8).Nail accounts for the position of three circle helixes on axle.Measurer has similarly belonged to known in essence.The rotating speed of axle is for being no more than per hour 200 commentaries on classics.There is one to supply with stickum or stickum mixture, but reaches the utensil of property silicate solutions, come across, press the stickum that Quasi determines the porous particle supply amount of mode in measurer (8) of amount from the about 9 centimeters places of the discharge port of silo (7).Batch operation is carried out in the portion of channel of measurer (8), uses a refuse rotor (cell wheel) the flour of an amount then, from the feed bin (13) of (12), puts batcher into.Be about to put into opaque not long ago, porous particle is by the stickum of particle surface or stickum mixture, and soluble silicate tightly sticks together.Stickum or stickum mixture, and mensuration dissolubility silicic salting liquid can improve temperature earlier when feed.

Behind the particle spreading flour of reuniting, in the short distance of the flour feed point back in the batcher, the spheroid that a pile is separated appears again.The total residence time of spheroid in batcher is altogether 2 to 6 minutes, in initial three meters.Have only porous particle and viscous liquid.Or the viscous liquid mixture, soluble silicate mixes in measurer, in last a meter of measurer (8), just also has flour in addition.

The nail (10) of axle on (9) do not play the function of transportation on the axis direction of measurer (8), or only plays a part seldom.Therefore transport mainly and existing material in the measurer is transferred forward by the material of newly adding.Because spheroid keeps together, flour can not touch the spheroid that does not have fully to mix with stickum because do not have to flow backwards.

Discharge port in measurer (8), the cement that will harden (being cement in this example) at the head end of conveyer belt (16), from hopper (15), feeds intake to (14).Locate available proportioning wheel (cell wheel) in (12) and (14).Conveyer belt (16) is delivered to porous particle in second measurer (17) and is gone.Porous particle is the polystyrene foam spheroid in this example.Measurer (17) is identical with the structure of measurer (8), just can be short, and for example be three meters long, 2 1/2 helixes of nail line.From the not far place of water inlet, be that protein foaming agent is added in the water from conveyer belt (16) in this example, feed intake to (18), be preferably on the length of measurer (17) and divide some places to feed intake, for example the some places on one meter length.Blowing agent in water and this example can be thrown in making a gesture of measuring cast feeder at the same time or separately, and the most handy pump is made a gesture of measuring cast feeder.

Compound is located to discharge from measurer (19) in (19), dumps or pumping progressive die type, and is dry in model or template.Through after the suitable sclerosis or multiviscosisty, can before hardening fully, just from model, take out, make the piece spare of formation further dry.

According to the above-described compound that will make of this example, can contain 20 kilograms of polystyrene foam spheroids, its size is existing described, and about 6 kilograms of stickums perhaps add 10 kg of water glass with 5 kilograms of stickums as an example, 50 kilograms of flours, such as the mixture of cement or sand and cement, 50 kilograms of sclerosis cement, for example cement, 45 kilograms in water is made blowing agent with 3 kilograms of condensing proteins approximately in this gives an example.

Flour and sclerosis cement can be with different compounds, but also available identical compound.

Can also in cement, add additive and add agent, for example as sand, cobble and other particles, to increase volume.

Claims (10)

1, the flat shape insulation plate that conduit is arranged, the manufacture method of the insulation porous object of one classes such as building block and similar shaped element, it is characterized in that in advance on porous particle, wrap up in attached a kind of viscous liquid, or the mixture of viscous liquid and silicate, then a kind of powdery or particulate matter are mixed, whole material is rolled into a ball become dispersed particles again, all or part ofly on this particle wrapped up in above-mentioned stickum attached, or the mixture of stickum and a kind of mensuration dissolubility silicic salting liquid, be one deck flour outside, by this, porous particle is bonding by stickum and flour, then these particles and sclerosis cement are mixed, then whole material group is delivered in a mould or the mould plate, in model or mould plate, after the sclerosis, just made the shaped element of required form by the time.

2, as the method in 1 of the claim the, it is characterized by stickum is a kind of liquid polymer or solid polymer, or natural resin or synthetic resin, or the solution of polymer or resin, molten or the disperse liquid of breast, or be the not dilute form of tar class or asphaltic products, or be its solution, emulsion or disperse liquid form.

3, as the method among 1 of claim the or the 2nd, be characterized as flour cement, gypsum, clay, talcum powder, chalk, stone flour and similar water-insoluble flour or particulate matter, its particle size is less than 0.5 centimeter.

4, as the method in 1 to 3 of the claim the, being characterized as the sclerosis cement is that inorganic compound and water mix, and compound is just like cement, gypsum, lime, chalk or its mixture.

5, as the method in 1 to 4 of the claim the, be characterized as in the sclerosis cement and mix one or more additives, such as blowing agent, curing agent, accelerator, delayed-action activator, dyestuff and inertia fill-in, as sand, cobble, glass and other fillers that can increase volume.

6, as the method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized by except that as claim the 2 propositions mix the stickum, also mix a certain amount of water-soluble silicate, the amount of silicate solutions is no more than 75% of compound weight.

7, as the method in 1 to 6 of the claim the, it is characterized by with the polystyrene foam spheroid and make porous particle, it is directly levied between 0.5-15mm, preferably 3 arrives 5mm, proportion is preferably between 10 to the 12 kilograms/stere between 5 to 100 kilograms/stere.

8, as the method in 1 to 6 of the claim the, be characterized as when blowing in model,, use and a kind ofly shake or shake operation in order better to insert model.

9, as the method in 1 to 7 of the claim the, be characterized as and use a kind of condensing protein to make the blowing agent of mentioning in 5 of the claims the, its amount is 0.1 to 5% weight, serves as to calculate the basis with the gross weight of final compound solid constituent.

10, as the method in 8 of the claims the, be characterized as in per 20 kilograms of foam spheroids,, or add 10 kg of water glass, add 50 kilograms of sand in addition, 50 kilograms of cement, 45 kg of water and 3 kilograms of condensing proteins with 5 kilograms of stickums with 6 kilograms of stickums.

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