CN85104116A - Starter with low current and large torque - Google Patents
Starter with low current and large torque Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104116A CN85104116A CN 85104116 CN85104116A CN85104116A CN 85104116 A CN85104116 A CN 85104116A CN 85104116 CN85104116 CN 85104116 CN 85104116 A CN85104116 A CN 85104116A CN 85104116 A CN85104116 A CN 85104116A
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- output shaft
- starter
- spring
- large torque
- low current
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Abstract
A kind of starter motor that relates to the low current and large torque of starter motor for internal combustion engine.Starter motor in the past mostly adopts the direct export structure of armature shaft.All use the increase starting current to realize purpose for increasing the output torque, cause starter motor bulky like this, electrical efficiency descends.Starting performance is unreliable.Starter motor of the present invention has adopted the high workload current density, has increased reduction gears mechanism simultaneously, thereby makes the starting function in the work of power curve ascent stage, has high electrical efficiency, has dwindled volume greatly simultaneously, has saved material.It is made up of motor, reducing gear, output shaft assembly, electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch, is used for the starting of internal-combustion engine.
Description
A kind of starter motor that relates to the low current and large torque of starter motor for internal combustion engine.
Starter motor in the prior art mostly adopts the direct export structure of armature shaft.This type of starter motor all uses the increase starting current to reach the purpose that increases the output torque, has so just produced a series of disadvantages.Because starting current is big, cause the loading above normal capacity of storage battery, storage battery just uses soon, and voltage has reduction slightly, will cause starter motor output torque seriously to descend, and the functional reliability of starting system is poor; Because starting current is big, has also caused inner conductive element conductive area to increase, so cause the bulky of starter motor, waste material; Because unilateral increase starting current increases output pivot square, also caused the electrical efficiency of starter motor to descend, existing furthermore bright according to the performance diagram of ST624C type starter motor shown in Figure 1.Wherein horizontal ordinate is the starting current I.Ordinate is output power N, torque M, rotation speed n and voltage U.From performance diagram as can be known, when starting current is 1050 amperehours, the output torque is 7kg-m, and this moment, the starter motor output power was 7 horsepowers.The operation point of actuating motor is positioned at the descending branch of power characteristic, so electrical efficiency is very low.
The objective of the invention is to change traditional starter motor for will increasing armature output torque, unilateral increase starting current and ignore the drawback that power curve descends, and take to make the operation point of starter motor to be in the ascent stage of power curve.Use little electric current to obtain with the big equally big output power of electric current, its principle can ST614, ST624C type starting motor characteristic plotted curve illustrates.When starter motor output power desire is 7 horse-power-hours, two kinds of ways can be arranged, the one, feeding electric current is 1050 amperes, and the starter motor operation point is positioned at the descending branch of power curve, and another is that the feeding electric current is 400 amperes.The starter motor operation point is positioned at the ascent stage of power curve.Obtain 7 horsepowers output power equally, starting current can reduce more than one times, illustrates that electrical efficiency has improved greatly.But also bring new problem, by bent performance diagram as can be known, when the starter motor electric current is 1050 amperehours, rotating speed is 700 rev/mins, and torque is 7kg-m, and this moment, rotating speed and torque just in time met the requirement of starter motor for internal combustion engine; And work as the starter motor electric current is 400 amperes, and rotating speed is 2800 rev/mins.Torque only is 1.8kg-m, and this moment, rotating speed and torque all can not be satisfied the requirement of engine starting.Be sort this problem out, the present invention has increased reduction gears mechanism again in starter motor, and the starter motor rotating speed is reduced, and has also just improved the output torque.So just reached with low current and obtained meeting the rotating speed of engine starting requirement and the purpose of torque.
Another main points of the present invention are to have improved the work electric load density of starter motor conducting element significantly, by 18～30 peace/mm of design handbook regulation
2Bring up to 60 amperes/mm
2Thereby, can save copper material and steel in a large number.This is characteristics of considering that the starter motor operating time is extremely short.And overcome the creative measure that traditional prejudice adopts.18-30 ampere/mm is adopted in traditional design
2Current density allowable more conservative to the motor that is interrupted work, and the operating time of starter motor is extremely short, and off time is very long, even increase substantially the electric load density of unit area, motor also not excessive heating just quit work, be very rational so improve the electric load density of the conducting element of starter motor.Every is started a lot of copper materials of function saving and steel like this, and the actuating motor use is very general, and for example 6135 internal-combustion engines whole nation recoverable amount is hundreds thousand of, and total saving copper material and steel are just very considerable.
Another main points of the present invention are to have adopted structure rational, and technology is reduction gears mechanism and electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch easily, and makes whole starter motor compact structure, and volume is little, and power is big, and are reliable, long service life.
The advantage of starter motor of the present invention is significantly, and for instance, the same starter motor comparison of the present invention of having only identical output power of ST614 starter motor commonly used, the deadweight of starter motor (comprising the deceleration part that increases) weight reduction is more than 4.5 kilograms.
Starting current is reduced to 540～640 amperes by 900～1050 amperes.Prolonged the operating life of storage battery greatly.
Storage battery is not less than 18V(DC) time can start reliably, improved the starting system functional reliability of internal-combustion engine.
The electric load density of starter motor inner conductive element is by 18～30 amperes/mm of design handbook regulation
2Bring up to 60A/mm
2About, steel and copper material are greatly saved, because of the starter motor use is very extensive, total saving amount is just very considerable.
Adopt steel ball or slide block structure to replace the inner spline groove of complex process and adopted few cutting not have milling process and processed and be difficult for the in addition part that gold is cut processing, simplified technology, reduced cost.
Fig. 1 is ST614, ST624C type starter motor performance diagram.
Fig. 2 is the section of structure of starter with low current and large torque of the present invention.
Now be described in detail a most preferred embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 2, the big torque starting machine of little electric current is by motor (1) reduction gears mechanism (2) output shaft mechanism (15), and electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch (34) is formed.
The structure of motor (1) is identical with general DC start motor, but the present invention is very short according to the actuating motor operating time, the characteristics that intermittent time is long have improved the working current density of motor significantly, and traditional starter motor working current density is got 18-30 ampere/mm
2, motor of the present invention (1) is got working current density and has far been exceeded conventional value, reaches 60 amperes/mm for instance
2, the size of so just having dwindled motor (1) has greatly reduced the consumption of copper material steel.For example former ST614 actuating motor, nominal power are 7 horsepowers, and its stator and rotor adopt 2 * 7 and 3 * 6(mm) copper bars, and the motor with 7 horsepowers of same nominal powers of the present invention has only been used the copper cash of φ 3mm.
Reduction gears mechanism (2) has adopted the one-level deceleration, and driving gear (4) is fixed on the motor shaft (3) with round pin (5), links by the same driven gear of an intermediate gear (6) (8), and the number of teeth of driven gear (8) is greater than the number of teeth of driving gear (4).Radial ball bearing (25) is housed on the tooth hub of driven gear (8), this bearing support drops in the bearing support of housing (26), on another end tooth hub of driven gear (8), axial thrust bearing (29) is housed, driven gear (8) is pressed on bearing (29) moving-coil, bearing Jing Quan is pressed on the housing (27).
Output shaft assembly (15) has output shaft (a 19) output shaft (19) and a driven gear (8) that is contained in driven gear (8) axis hole to link by a spiral slip pair mechanism (10).The structure that mechanism (10) is paid in this spiral slip can be a various ways.
Form one: the axis hole that is driven gear (8) is an internal helix spline, and spiral external splines (28) is arranged on the correspondent section of output shaft (19), and both are slidingly matched by one-tenth.Spline (28) can be a rectangular spline, also can be gradually to drive shallow spline.
Form two is that spiral chute (28) is arranged on the output shaft (19), the section of groove is a circular arc, the tooth of driven gear draw a bow to the full (7) go up on position with the groove opposition and have round tube hole, steel ball (4) is housed in the round tube hole, the diameter that the diameter of the same steel ball of the diameter of circular hole (4) and axle are gone up spiral arc groove (28) is all identical, steel ball (4) is surrounded and can not move by radially outward by the inner ring of bearing (25), steel ball (4) half in the hole, garden of wheel hub, second half snaps in the arc groove (28) of output shaft (19).
Form three can be divided several styles again, and the one, the available cylinder of steel ball (4) replaces, and the 2nd, the part in the round tube hole of the available wheel hub of packing into of steel ball (4) is that cylinder snaps in the last spiral chute partly is that an ellipsoidal slide block replaces.The 3rd, it in the round tube hole of wheel hub partly is that to snap in a last spiral chute interior be that a spiral piece replaces partly to cylinder that steel ball (4) available is packed into.Groove (28) all is that section is the spiral chute of rectangle.
The other end of output shaft (19) puts in the hanging feet hole (17), studs with copper sheathing (16) in hole (17), and axle (19) and copper sheathing (16) are movingly.
Driving gear (14) is enclosed within on the output shaft (19), and the break-through groove that arc key passes on driving gear (14) convex shoulder snaps in the groove (21) of output shaft (19), makes driving gear (14) upward rotate and can not move axially at axle (19).Driving gear (14) has a copper bush (18) in the hole, the cover (22) that is contained on the output shaft (19) is fixed on the output shaft (19) with round pin (23), driving gear (14) links with a spring clutch (11) with cover (22), there is a spiral steel wire spring (13) to be enclosed within on the convex shoulder and cover (22) of driving gear (14) in the spring clutch, when output shaft (19) when just changeing, twine spring (13) more tight, thereby drive driving gear (14) rotation, when output shaft (19) is reversed drive, spring (13) loosens, and the rotation between driving gear (14) and the output shaft (19) just links and throws off.
The rearward end of output shaft (19) is being fixed a spring seat (33), spiral compression spring (35) one crowns the tooth hub end face of driven gear (8), the other end heads on spring seat (33) output shaft assembly (15) under the elastic force effect of spring (31) and is retracted within the inside, between cover (22) and driven gear (8), one buffering spacer is arranged, the impact force in the time of reducing the output shaft assembly withdrawal.
Electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch (34) is fixed on the housing (27) of back of output shaft (19), it has the fixed core (32) of a tubular to be enclosed within spring (31) and spring seat (33) outside, the end face of fixed core (32) has a boss (35) with outer conical surface, fixed core (32) overcoat has coil retainer (49), being equipped with on the retainer (49) in hold-in winding (50) and sucking coil (48) retainer has copper bush (52), and moving iron core (45) can horizontally slip in retainer copper bush (52).In the moving iron core (45) push rod (38) is arranged, be fixed with a spring seat (40) on moving iron core (45) ear end face, spring (51) one crowns push rod (38), the other end heads on spring seat (40), push rod (38) leans against a hole of passing fixed core (32) centre of shoulder (37) upper push-rod (38) under the effect of spring (51), stretch in the center hole of output shaft (19) rear end, withstand the steel ball (30) in the hole, push rod (38) has center hole with the end face that steel ball (30) contacts.The left end of moving iron core (45) has internal taper hole (47), and its tapering is identical with the tapering of fixed core boss (35) conical surface, and pressure spring (36) one crowns fixed core boss (35), and the other end heads on moving iron core shoulder (37).
The right-hand member of moving iron core is equipped with insulation spacer (42) (43), is fixing another to contact (46) on sandwich copper contact (44) coil carrier.Insulation spacer (42) is taper, and its tapering is the same with the inner conical surface tapering in the middle of the bonnet of electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch.Spiral compression spring (39) one crowns insulation spacer (42), and the other end heads on spring seat (40).
Fixed core boss (35) conical surface, the internal taper hole (47) of moving iron core, the inner conical surface in the middle of taper insulation spacer (42) and the bonnet (41) have guaranteed moving iron core (45) automatic location on the output shaft axis when to-and-fro motion.
Moving iron core (45) and fixed core (32) are preferably made with electrical pure iron or low carbon steel.
Actuating motor working principle of the present invention is described as follows:
When electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch (34) hold-in winding (50) and sucking coil (48) energising, to move iron core (45) inhales to fixed core (32), motor this moment (1) slowly rotates, because of contact (44) contacts with contact (46) sucking coil (48) is got rid of from the electric wiring of motor (1) staor winding and power supply binding, and staor winding is directly communicated with power supply, motor (1) becomes rated speed, this moment is not if taper hole face (47) also contacts with the boss conical surface (35), under the effect of electromagnetic attraction, pressure spring (39) contacts with each other until the conical surface.
When moving iron core (45) when being inhaled into, spring seat (40) pressure spring (51), spring (51) is pressed push rod (38) again, and it is outside that push rod (38) pushes away output shaft (19).Because spiral is paid the effect of (10), output shaft (19) while rotate protruding, thereby also release transmission rotatably, gear (14) meshes with the engine flywheel gear ring.Spring (31) this moment (36) all is compressed.
After driving gear (14) was with the engine gear engagement, because the direct energize of stator and rotor winding, motor (1) rotating speed increased to rating value, drove driving gear (4) by armature shaft.Intermediate gear (6), driven gear (8), output shaft (19) just change, and twine the spring (13) in the spring clutch (11) more tight and drive driving gear (14), drive the rotation of engine flywheel gear ring again.Motor this moment (1) sends rated power, but the rotating speed height, torque is little, reduces rotating speed to desired value by reduction gears mechanism (2) and increases torque simultaneously to desired value.
After engine start, electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch and motor (1) dead electricity, moving iron core (45) resets under spring (36) effect, because the effect of the inner conical surface of taper insulation spacer (42) and bonnet (41) makes iron core (45) energy proper reset on axial location.Output shaft assembly (15) housing of under the effect of spring (31), also withdrawing.In addition owing to rotating speed after the engine start increases the rotating speed that has exceeded driving gear (14), thereby driving gear (14) reversed, spring (13) in spring clutch this moment (11) is loosened, spring clutch (11) is just thrown off, Transmitted chains and motor (1) that the counter-rotating of driving gear (14) can not be delivered to the back get on, and have guaranteed the safety of starter motor.Motor drives driving gear (14) counter-rotating simultaneously, output shaft (19) is slided with respect to spiral pay (10) counter-rotating, and impel output shaft (19) withdrawal housing, and driving gear (14) is thrown off with motor.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of starter with low current and large torque that relates to starter motor for internal combustion engine is made up of motor [1], electromagnetic iron-absorbing switch [34], output shaft assembly [15], the conducting element working current density that it is characterized in that motor [1] far exceeds the conventional operation current density, between motor [1] and output shaft assembly [15], also have a reduction gears mechanism [2], motor [1] can be worked in the power characteristic ascent stage, and make motor [1] obtain higher electrical efficiency.
2, starter with low current and large torque according to claim 1, it is characterized in that reduction gears mechanism (2) is the first class reducer structure, the driving gear (4) that is fixed on the motor shaft (3) links by the same driven gear of intermediate gear (6) (8), the number of teeth of driven gear (8) is greater than the number of teeth of driving gear (4), this bearing of radial roller bearing (25) (25) seat is housed on the tooth hub (7) of driven gear (8) in the bearing support of housing (26), on another end tooth hub of driven gear (8) axial thrust bearing (29) is housed.
3, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that output shaft assembly (15) has an output shaft (19) to be contained in the axis hole of driven gear (8), paying (10) by the spiral slip links, driving gear (14) is enclosed within output shaft (19) upward makes driving gear (14) go up rotation at output shaft (19) by arc key (21) structure, but can not move axially.Driving gear (14) links by the same output shaft of a spring clutch (11) (19), and when output shaft (19) when just changeing, spring clutch (11) is in conjunction with driving driving gear (14), when driving gear (14) oppositely drives output shaft.Spring clutch (11) is thrown off, and the gear overrunning rotating speed passes less than output shaft (19), and a spring reverse motion is being fixed in output shaft (19) end, makes the power-off of starter rear output shaft parts housing of withdrawing.
4, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that sliding described spiral, to pay (10) be that the axis hole of driven gear (8) is the medial rotation spline, on the correspondent section of output shaft (19) spiral external splines (28), both are slidingly matched by one-tenth, spiral external splines (28) can be a rectangular spline, also can be involute splines.
5, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that (10) are paid in described spiral slip is to be shaped on spiral chute (28) on the output shaft (19), the section of groove is a circular arc, the tooth hub (7) of driven gear (8) is gone up to have on same groove (28) corresponding position steel ball (9) is housed in the round tube hole circular hole, circular hole steel ball (9) is all identical with the arc diameter that axle (19) is gone up spiral arc groove (28), steel ball (9) is surrounded by the inner ring of bearing (25), can not move by radially outward, steel ball (9) half in the circular hole of wheel hub (7), second half snaps in the spiral arc groove (28) of output shaft (19).
6, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the available cylindrical body of described steel ball (9) replaces, and the section of spiral chute (28) is a rectangle.
7, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that it in the circular hole of wheel hub partly is cylinder that described steel ball (9) available is packed into.Snapping in the last groove partly is that the slide block of ellipsoid or spiral piece replaces, and the section of spiral chute (28) is a rectangle.
8, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that having a helical spring (13) to be enclosed within the tooth hub (12) of driving gear (14) in the spring clutch (11) and be fixed on the cover (22) of axle on (19), when output shaft (19) when just changeing, twine spring (13) more tight, thereby drive driving gear (14) rotation, when output shaft (19) reversed, helical spring [13] loosened, and transmission is thrown off for the rotation between wheel [14] and the output shaft [19] just links.
9, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that electromagnetic device iron switch [34] is fixed on the back housing [27] of output shaft [19], the main iron core of tubular [32] is enclosed within the outside of spring [31] and spring seat [33], fixed core [32] overcoat has coil retainer [49], hold-in winding [50] and sucking coil [48] are housed on the retainer [49], copper sheathing [52] is arranged in the retainer, moving iron core [45] can horizontally slip in the copper sheathing [52] of retainer [49], in the moving iron core [45] push rod [38] is arranged, the ear end face of moving iron core [45] is fixed with a spring seat [40], spring [51] one crowns push rod [38], and the other end heads on spring seat [40].One of push rod [38] is passed the middle hole of fixed core [32], stretch in the center hole of output shaft [19] rear end, withstand output shaft [19], a crown of pressure spring [36] main iron core boss [35], the other end heads on moving iron core shoulder [37], and the other end of moving iron core [45] is equipped with insulating trip [42] [43].Insulating trip sandwich copper contact [44] is being fixed a pair of copper contact [16], spiral compression spring [39] one crowns insulation spacer [42] on the coil retainer [49], the other end heads on spring seat [40].
10, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that fixed core boss [35] has a conical surface, on the moving iron core [45] taper hole [47] is arranged, their tapering is the same, insulation spacer [42] is taper, there is an inner conical surface centre of bonnet [41], and their tapering is the same, can guarantee that so moving iron core [45] keeps when to-and-fro motion and the output shaft coaxial position.
11, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that can also adding a steel ball [30] in the center hole of output shaft [19] rear end.The push rod [38] that stretches into center hole withstands steel ball [30], and the end face that withstands steel ball [9] of push rod [38] is drilled with center hole.
12, low current and large torque as claimed in claim 9 starting, the material that it is characterized in that moving iron core [45] and main iron core [32] are the electricians with pure iron or low carbon steel.
13, starter with low current and large torque as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described conducting element working current density is about 60 peace tower/mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104116A CN85104116B (en) | 1985-05-25 | 1985-05-25 | Starter with low current and large torque |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104116A CN85104116B (en) | 1985-05-25 | 1985-05-25 | Starter with low current and large torque |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104116A true CN85104116A (en) | 1986-06-10 |
| CN85104116B CN85104116B (en) | 1988-06-08 |
Family
ID=4793643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104116A Expired CN85104116B (en) | 1985-05-25 | 1985-05-25 | Starter with low current and large torque |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85104116B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102741024A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2012-10-17 | 胡斯华纳有限公司 | Battery driven electric power tool with brushless motor |
| CN115506935A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2022-12-23 | 槐博一 | Vehicle engine starting motor with internal clutch |
-
1985
- 1985-05-25 CN CN85104116A patent/CN85104116B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102741024A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2012-10-17 | 胡斯华纳有限公司 | Battery driven electric power tool with brushless motor |
| CN115506935A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2022-12-23 | 槐博一 | Vehicle engine starting motor with internal clutch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85104116B (en) | 1988-06-08 |
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