CN85101775B - Steam box - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steam box which takes steam as a heat transfer medium, and the present invention is used for heating product. The steam box comprises at least one partition which holds off a steam chamber charged with steam and a heating chamber used for producing product with steam, and therefore, enough saturated steam can be provided for the product. The partition has an orifice through which saturated steam is sprayed into the heating chamber from the steam chamber to surround the product. The steam box is provided with a recovery device which is used for recovering the steam flowing to the outside of the steam box through an inlet and an outlet of the steam box. The recovery device has very high recovery efficiency and extremely low heat energy loss. The steam box also has a device for supplying airflow from the outside to prevent steam flowing to the outside of the steam box through the inlet and the outlet.

Description

Steam box

The invention relates to the steam chest as heat-conduction medium, product to be processed being heated using steam.

Steam chest system has had very great development, and this system utilizes steam as heat-conduction medium, and utilizes the heat energy of steam that the product of need processing is heated.For example, a kind of steam chest that is generally called opposing steam flow case that used in these systems, in this case, electronic component is arranged on the welding pattern of printed substrate, make printed substrate through vapor phase, with heating and melting scolder, thus with vapor phase welding by welding electronic elements on printed substrate.The system that also has other, also heats with steam chest, so that resinous material solidifies, also can realize fluxless fusing with the scolder that steam chest makes to be coated on printed substrate.

The steam chest of several form known will roughly be explained below.One is wherein to have steam raising plant, and this device and steam chest divide and be arranged, and for generation of steam, steam enters steam chest through the opening on this device top.On the sidewall of steam chest, have import and outlet.Conveyer belt or other conveying device are transported to processed product in steam chest, and the steam that is then used in product surrounding is heated, and after heating, product are transported to the outside of steam chest.This being suitable for, adopts than the steam chest of the heavy steam of air, is using at present.

In the time product being heated with steam, product need be fenced up with abundant steamdrum, be in fact the reduction for fear of product quality, require trying one's best in the short heat time, a large amount of heat energy is passed on product, to complete this operation.For this purpose, wish to adopt saturated vapor to surround this product.

The steam chest of above-mentioned form has some shortcomings, i.e. formation, around the vapor phase of product, because the local dip of steam makes diffusion of vapor or air is entered in steam, thereby has hindered the formation of saturated vapor.Verified, if enter air in water vapour reach water vapour 2% time, this unsaturated water vapour is about 30-50% to the heat conduction velocity of product to be processed heating lower than the heat conduction velocity of saturated vapor.Due to above-mentioned situation, the vapor phase that surrounds product is unsaturated steam, so such steam chest exists many problems.Especially heat conduction velocity is low, has hindered the temperature rise of product to the temperature of regulation.If continue heating until the requirement of regulation is arrived in the temperature rise of product, the time of heating is oversize, so that can not ensure the quality of product, and this is unallowed.Disagreeable is especially that air is attached to below product, causes the very difficulty of rising of product temperature.

Also has the steam chest of another kind of form, within its steam raising plant is positioned at steam chest.The steam chest of this kind of form was once delivered to be entitled as " continuous type steam welds mutually " (" In-Line Vapor Phase Soldering ") in " Electronic Packaging production " magazine (" ELECTRONIC PACKAGING and PRODUCTION ") November nineteen eighty-two number.In this steam chest, heat the liquid that is stored in steam chest bottom with heater to produce steam, processed product is surrounded, so that product is heated.But the steam chest of this form need to have opening equally, product is sent into and to be sent steam chest, and steam likely flows out steam chest from opening part.Therefore, in order to form and to keep the saturated vapor phase round product, cause the required heat of generation saturated vapor to exceed widely the required heat of heating products, therefore, it is uneconomic adopting this system.

The above is about the existing problem of steam chest with Steam Heating product.How used steam to be reclaimed about another problem that must solve of carrying out heating products existence with steam.Steam in above-mentioned steam chest, under applied temperature and pressure, its molecular weight is about 820 grams/mol, and therefore, compared with air, its proportion is approximately 20 times of air.Such heat-conduction medium is very expensive, therefore in practice, conventionally adopts a retracting device to reclaim used steam to reuse.

Widely used being used for reclaimed the retracting device of using steam, includes condenser, and this condenser is positioned at the below of the inlet and outlet passage of steam chest, is used for the steam that flows out steam chest to give condensation.Condenser inside is equipped with for cooling this steam and is become the cooling tube of condensation water, and has condensation water is returned to steam chest bottom tube connector used.

The steam that is introduced into condenser enters through condenser top, first meets with the condenser pipe on condenser top, and then, because the weight of itself falls, therefore it contacts with cooling tube successively, until reach the bottom of condenser.In the time that steam is done landing as above in condenser, it is cooled and becomes condensation water, and this condensation water comes together in the bottom of condenser.Now, the Temperature Distribution situation of steam or condensation water is: the temperature on condenser top is high, low in the temperature of condenser.In other words assemble in the vapour concentration on condenser top highly, and the vapour concentration of condenser is low.Therefore, the temperature of the steam on close condenser top is high and be gathered in this place, so the organic efficiency of steam is low.Also have, progressively drop to the process of condenser from the condenser pipe on condenser top at condensation water, the temperature of condensation water declines gradually, when beginning, temperature is the condensation water of 215 DEG C, in the time that it reaches the bottom of condenser, its temperature sometimes because of cooling be down to cooling tube in cooling water temperature close.Therefore, the condensation water of generation is sent back to the bottom of steam chest and is evaporated by tube connector.The sensible heat that evaporation not only need to be produced by heater again of condensation water, heating liquid is reached to its boiling point, yet needs latent heat so that the vaporizing liquid at boiling point is become to steam.In other words, need to be heated to boiling point by heater fed sensible heat by the subcooled condensation liquid of condenser condenses, therefore, the heat that this part is supplied with by heater is wasted.

Another problem that the steam chest of this form exists is: when in steam chest the product of completion of processing from steam chest outside exit passageway is delivered to case time, while being down to below the dew-point temperature that is arranged in exit passageway steam as the temperature of fruit product, steam, by frosting on the surface of product, makes expensive liquid discharge case and can not reclaim outward.

The object of the invention is to propose a kind of steam chest, this steam chest can be eliminated above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

That is to say and an object of the present invention is to propose a kind of steam chest, this steam chest can be supplied with enough saturated vapors economically, carrys out converted products with vapor phase.

In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes the steam chest that a kind of converted products is used, and is exposed in steam by product, uses Steam Heating product.This steam chest includes: a vaporium that is positioned at steam chest bottom and is filled with steam, process the heating clamber of this product by heating for one, with one, vaporium and heating clamber are separated to dividing plate used, on dividing plate, there is aperture, be used for the steam in vaporium, the bottom through this aperture from steam chest is upwards injected on the product that is arranged in heating clamber.

Another object is the steam chest that proposes a kind of form described above, and it can be supplied with enough steam and process length and width and/or the sizable product of high size.

To achieve the above object, this product is exposed in steam, with the steam chest of Steam Heating product, except including bottom vaporium, also include second vaporium that is positioned at steam chest top, with second dividing plate, be used for second vaporium and heating clamber to keep apart, on second dividing plate, there is aperture, be used for the steam in second vaporium by this aperture, spray to heating clamber from the top of case, thereby steam can be injected into processed product from upper and lower.

Also have another object, propose exactly a kind of steam chest that can spray the high specific gravity steam higher than air specific weight, be injected into steam in heating clamber by upper spacer aperture and lower clapboard aperture roughly equal.

In order to reach this object, this product is exposed in steam, with the steam chest of Steam Heating product, there is upper and lower dividing plate, its structure can be the average area that on upper spacer, the average area in each aperture is greater than each aperture on lower clapboard.The area in each aperture that is positioned at centre on upper spacer is large compared with the area that is positioned at this each aperture of upper spacer edge, and the quantity of steam therefore ejecting through each aperture on upper spacer can equate substantially.

Also have another object, steam chest described above can also be controlled the quantity of steam through the heating clamber that each aperture sprays into of upper lower clapboard by the size of product to be processed.

In order to achieve the above object, this product is exposed to steam, there is upper lower clapboard with the steam chest of Steam Heating product, it is configured to, at lower clapboard place, with adjustable tapping equipment, in the time that tapping equipment is opened, steam is mainly through being positioned at the aperture ejection on lower clapboard, in the time that tapping equipment cuts out, steam both also sprayed by the aperture on upper spacer by the aperture on lower clapboard.

Also have another object, steam chest as above can also reclaim used steam, and Steam Recovery rate is higher, and heat-energy losses is minimum.

In order to achieve the above object, this product is exposed in steam, can also include and be positioned at passage (by this passage with the steam chest of this product of Steam Heating, product is delivered into and is transferred out steam chest) retracting device below, it is used for reclaiming high specific gravity (compared with air specific weight) steam, and method is with one group of cooling tube, steam is cooling.Retracting device includes and is positioned near the first space of steam chest, the steam that is used for making to flow to outside steam chest flows downward, with a near second space being positioned at its bottom, be used for by the vapor collection below flowing to together, said one group of cooling tube is positioned at the top of second space, for cooling this steam.Steam chest can include retracting device, and for reclaiming hyperbaric steam (compared with air specific weight), this retracting device is positioned at (by this passage, product being delivered into and being transferred out steam chest) below passage.Said retracting device includes a vapor box, is used for making to flow to steam outside steam chest because the weight of itself falls, and is collected in box, air is separated from steam simultaneously; Also include the device of an acceleration vapor flow, for the steam of collecting vapor box is returned in steam chest by a tube connector.

Also have another object, steam chest as above can also prevent that steam from overflowing from steam chest.

In order to achieve the above object, this product is exposed in steam, can also includes one with the steam chest of this product of Steam Heating and be substantially the first passage of horizontal level, and there is import and outlet, for product is sent to steam chest, and pass out to outside steam chest; Have from second channel out of the top branch of first passage and from be tilted to extension here towards steam chest; And air feeder, make air flow to second channel from first passage, to prevent that the steam in steam chest from flowing in first passage.

Fig. 1 is the vertical schematic sectional view of the steam chest of one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is spray regime sketch, there is shown the situation that by the aperture on dividing plate, steam is sprayed into the machining area in steam chest as shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the vertical schematic sectional view of the steam chest of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is spray regime sketch, there is shown the situation that by the aperture on dividing plate, steam is sprayed into the machining area in steam chest as shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is the vertical schematic sectional view of the steam chest of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the vertical schematic sectional view of the steam chest of another embodiment of the present invention; It has the device that reclaims used steam;

Fig. 7 is the partial vertical sectional view of the steam chest shown in Fig. 6, shows as the improvement part of the vapour-recovery unit in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the vertical cross section of the steam chest of another embodiment of the present invention, and it has the vapour-recovery unit of another kind of form;

Fig. 9 is the side view of the steam chest of another embodiment of the present invention, and it has the device that prevents that steam from overflowing from steam chest;

Figure 10 is the partial vertical sectional view of steam chest as shown in Figure 9, wherein to preventing that the device that steam is overflowed from steam chest from having done improvement;

Figure 11 is the partial vertical sectional view of the steam chest shown in Figure 10, shows the situation that condenser is housed;

Figure 12 is the partial vertical sectional view of the steam chest shown in Fig. 9, shows the detailed structure at the suction part on passage top; With

Figure 13 is the system diagram of vapor phase system, and this system includes according to the steam chest with preventing the device that steam is overflowed from steam chest of the present invention.

Optimum implementation of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

The first embodiment is to the scheme of processed Product supply saturated vapor, to be shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1 shows that the vertical schematic sectional view of steam chest 5 of the present invention, the bottom of steam chest 5 stores processing with liquid 7, heats to produce steam 2 with heater 8, and the product of need processing is heated.Steam chest 5 has import and exit passageway 12, steam chest 5 is sent into and sent to product 1 with conveyer belt 10.This steam chest 5 is with difference of the prior art, and this steam chest has dividing plate 9.

There is the dividing plate 9 in many apertures 13, be arranged in the top of the steam generation part 3 of steam chest 5, near processed product place, the internal separation of steam chest 5 is become to steam generation region (the first space is vaporium) and machining area (second space is heating clamber).Dividing plate 9 is made up of for example stainless steel of high heat proof material, and has and be able to take to try one's best under steam pressure little thickness, to reduce the thermal capacity of dividing plate 9.

In the time heating liquid 7 being heated and has produced steam 2 with heater 8, air in steam generation part 3, upwards flow and discharge by the aperture 13 being positioned on dividing plate 9, thereby make the steam that is arranged in dividing plate 9 steam generation region below become saturated vapor.Now, flow to this steam 2 of machining area, be ejected into machining area by aperture 13.Accelerate to flow because pressure official post steam 2 produces, and the steam chest of prior art can not produce accelerating jetting.

Figure 2 shows that the steam 2 in the steam chest 5 in Fig. 1, spray into the situation of machining area through aperture 13.The steam 2 of accelerated motion by the aperture 13 on dividing plate 9, upwards be injected into machining area, sentence saturated vapor punching and be mapped on processed product at this, simultaneously, do not impact the steam 2 on product 1, in the time of near the product of flowing through, flow to continuously product top, result makes product 1 be attached to its surperficial steam film by one to surround.Therefore, the temperature rise of whole product 1, and the end face of product 1 can be heated by steam 2.

The method that steam 2 is sprayed through aperture 13, increases the speed of vapor stream.But steam 2 is possibility turbulization when mobile, therefore, may entrained air in steam 2.But in steam chest 5 of the present invention, spray and impact the steam 2 on product 1 by injection orifices 13, due to following, being certainly saturation state, and can, owing to being mixed with air interior, consequently not form unsaturation steam.One of feature is that dividing plate 9 is positioned near processed product 1 part, and the diameter that its another feature is each aperture 13 is all larger, increases with the diameter of each vapor stream 2 of ensureing to eject from this aperture.According to the size of product 1, dividing plate 9 can only replace many apertures 13 with an aperture.But the layout in these many apertures 13 is determined by following condition, when steam 2 is after aperture is injected into machining area, with steam by thermal energy conduction to product and flow downward before, make steam 2 substantially along product 1 bottom horizontal flow sheet, to form saturated vapor phase on product surface.

In order to reduce the steam 2 that flows out steam chest 5, can there is more aperture 13 in the centre of dividing plate 9, there is less aperture at periphery position, carry out the processing of product 1 with the middle part at steam chest, thereby avoided steam 2 to spray near the import of steam chest 5 and the position of exit passageway 12 through dividing plate 9.

Shown in Fig. 3, be another embodiment of steam chest of the present invention, in this scheme, steam is to impact product 1 from the end face of product and bottom surface.The steam chest of this kind of form has specific use, it be used in when the height of processed product larger, only from bottom to machining area uperize 2, can not form steam film when being surrounded at the bottom surface of product and end face.On steam chest 5 as shown in Figure 1 by the steam chest of the present embodiment, additional second partition (being upper spacer) 9 ' and the steam channel 14 that is equipped with.With aperture 13 ' dividing plate 9 ' the same with dividing plate 9, by being positioned at the space of steam chest 5 of product to be processed top, be divided into steam generation region and machining area.Steam channel 14 includes a pipe, by this pipe by the steam producing in steam generation part 3 import by dividing plate 9 ' and the vaporium that forms of steam chest 5 in.By the steam 2 producing in steam generation part 3, upwards flowing in the aperture 13 on dividing plate 9, and sprays to machining area from aperture 13, and be mapped to product 1 at this region Nei Chong.Meanwhile, also mend and guide to the vaporium that is arranged in steam chest 5 tops by steam channel 14.Steam 2 flows downward from vaporium, through aperture 13 ' be injected in machining area, in this region, steam punching is mapped to the end face of product 1.Although, passage 14 is for guiding steam 2, flow to from the steam generation part 3 that is positioned at steam chest 5 bottoms the vaporium that is positioned at steam chest 5 tops, but, this structure is not main to embodiment as shown in Figure 3, and can make additional steam generation part that additional steam generation part can be housed on the top of steam chest 5, and steam channel 14 can not wanted.Like this, on this, vaporium and lower vaporium, just assign to supply with steam by vapor generation part separately.

Figure 4 shows that steam 2 is ejected into machining area from the above and below of product 1, and surround the situation of this product 1 with saturated vapor.

In the time that the steam 2 in steam chest 5 is hyperbaric (compared with air) steam, if the diameter in aperture 13 is too large, most steam 2 is all ejected into machining area by aperture 13, enter the quantity of steam in the vaporium on steam chest 5 tops through passage 14, can therefore reduce.When in this kind of situation, the diameter in aperture 13 need to be decreased to be less than aperture 13 ' diameter, to increase through aperture 13 ' the be ejected into quantity of the steam 2 of machining area.Equally, in the time of steam that steam 2 is high specific gravity (compared with air), steam 2 is due to the weight of itself, by aperture 13 ' and downward trend is greater than the trend that steam pressure ejects by this aperture.Like this, just need to be the enlarged diameter in some apertures 13 away from passage 14, and the aperture 13 near steam channel 14 ' diameter reduce, like this, steam 2 will be injected on product 1 equably.Adopt this kind of method for arranging, the temperature of product 1 can be raise, or increase the heat transfer area of product 1, even in the time that the height dimension of processed product 1 is larger, also can, by product being exposed in the steam 2 of heat medium, heat the end face of this product.

Fig. 5 is another vertical schematic sectional view that can produce the steam chest of the embodiment of saturated vapor, steam chest 5 includes a vapor box 15, it is a container, have dividing plate 9 and a vaporium at an upper portion thereof in its underpart, this vaporium is connected with the bottom of steam chest through 4 steam chest passages 14.On dividing plate 9, there is aperture 13.Another dividing plate 9 ' be positioned at bottom of this vaporium, this dividing plate 9 ' above have aperture 13 '.The both sides that 4 steam channels 14 are arranged in to conveyer belt, every side is two, the vaporium that is positioned at box 15 tops as support is used.The shape of this vapor box sees it is rectangle from above, on the side wall of steam chest 5, have water trap 16, this water trap is supporting the lower guide margin 19 on 15 4 side walls of vapor box that is positioned at above it, by the liquid after steam 2 condensations, side wall along this box 15 flows down, and is directed in this water trap.Be used for the pipe 17 that the liquid accumulating in water trap 16 7 is discharged, its one end communicates with water trap 16, and a valve 18 is housed on this pipe 17, is used for this pipe 17 of opening and closing.In the time that vapor box 15 is placed in the top of water trap 16, by vapor box 15, the steam generation region of steam chest 5 (the first space) separated with the machining area (second space) of steam chest, between them, only have by the aperture 13 on dividing plate 9, dividing plate 9 ' on aperture 13 ', and gap between lower leading edge 19 and the water trap 16 of box 15 is connected.

According to the present invention, the method of operating of the steam chest of embodiment is as follows as shown in Figure 5, paper is by heat a highly quite little product with steam 2, and steam 2 is only ejected into machining area through aperture 13, can obtain the operating process of satisfied processing effect.In such cases, valve 18 is opened, and steam generation part 3 produces steam 2.This steam 2 flows through aperture 13 with by the gap between lower guide margin 19 and the groove 16 of vapor box 15, and the fluid liquid 7 flowing downward along the side wall of box 15 is imported in pipe 17 through groove 16.Because valve 18 is breakdowns, liquid 7 is got back in steam generation part 3 through managing 17, and gap is still keeping opening.Like this, although steam 2 through steam channel 14 upwards the energy of flow reach the vaporium that is positioned at box 15 tops, almost do not have steam 2 can be through aperture 13 ' be ejected in machining area and go.Therefore, most of steam 2 is be ejected into machining area through aperture 13 and be ejected on product 1.In the time that processed product height dimension is large, steam 2 is except from spray in aperture 13, also from aperture 13 ' and when injection, especially valve 18 are closed and steam generation part 3 produces steam 2.Start to carry out the stage in operation, steam 2 is through gap (the lower leading edge 19 at box 15 adds between water trap 16) and eject.But in the time that the fluid liquid 7 flowing downward along the side wall of box 15 is being collected in water trap 16, this gap is blocked by liquid 7 fillings, plays a part hydraulic seal, to prevent that steam 2 from ejecting from here again.Therefore, 2 of steam from aperture 13 and 13 ' be injected into machining area, steam 2 just can impact on the end face and bottom surface of product 1 simultaneously like this, makes product among steam film surrounds.

Introduce the various structures of vapour-recovery unit (reclaiming used steam) below:

Fig. 6 is the vertical schematic sectional view of the present invention with the steam chest 5 of the retracting device of the first version.Retracting device includes condenser 4, it is positioned at the below of importing and exporting passage 12, and each condenser includes one group of cooling tube 20, and this pipe 20 is for the steam 2 outside cooling outflow steam chest 5, and this steam that liquefies becomes liquid 7, this liquid 7 is sent back to the bottom of steam chest 5 through tube connector 11.

Part at each condenser 4 near steam chest, all has a unlimited space 21, near wall place, 4 end of each condenser, also has a unlimited space 22, and cooling tube 20 is not all installed in this space 21 and 22 in three dimensions.

When use, steam 2 from steam chest 5 to mouth and exit passageway 12 flow, this steam is because itself air is heavier, therefore drop in open spaces 21.In open spaces 21, steam 2 lands from the top down and is stored among space 22.Be stored in the condenser pipe 20 that steam 2 among space 22 is positioned at each condenser 4 bottom and be cooled to liquid.Therefore, steam pressure in each condenser 4 declines, flow to the steam 2 in passage 12, drop to successively in open spaces 21, and drop to again in space 22, therefore, 20 cooling and curdy steam 2 of pipe are cooled, become the condensation water that temperature equals the boiling point of liquid 7 substantially, it flows back into the bottom of steam chest 5 through tube connector 11, and again evaporates there.Therefore, with heater 8 heat-setting liquid needed energy, be only the required latent heat of vaporization, so that the energy of the sensible heat that is equivalent to heat up can save.

Be stored in the steam 2 in each condenser space 22, can flow upward to its top cooling tube from the condenser pipe 20 that is positioned at condenser bottom, in the time that its cooling tube 20 along condenser 4 flows upward, this steam 2 is by cooling continuously.Therefore, in condenser 4 of the present invention, near steam arrives this unlimited end time, the aggegation quantity of steam reduces, and this is and prior art condenser difference.Condenser of the present invention is improving to some extent aspect the efficiency of the used steam of recovery.

Figure 7 shows that the improvement structure of retracting device shown in Fig. 6.Therein, dividing plate 23 is between the space 21 and cooling tube 20 of each condenser 4, and the effect of dividing plate 23 is to ensure that steam 2 flows down among space 21 reliably, and flows to cooling tube 20 without tributary circuit, and therefore, the Steam Recovery efficiency of this structure is higher.In the modifying device shown in Fig. 7, the space 21 of each condenser 4 can determine according to proportion and the steam pressure of steam 2 relative air along the size a of the direction of motion of product to be processed.In general, in the time that the proportion (compared with air) of steam 2 is large, size a can be less, and this is because the proportion (compared with air) of steam is larger, and the speed of its decline of inner wall surface along condenser 4 is faster.The degree of depth b in the space 22 of each condenser 4 can flow into the volume in each condenser 4 according to steam 2 within the unit interval, and the ability that cooling tube 20 can cooling this steam 2 is determined.

Adopt temperature comparison method to test, by the temperature that flows through condensation water in the tube connector 11 of condenser 4 of the present invention with flow through prior art condenser in the temperature of condensation water compare, result shows, the temperature of the condensation water in two kinds of different condensers differs 30 DEG C.

Adopt the condenser 4 of using as the used steam of recovery of the present invention, can in each passage 12, clearly distinguish saturated vapor region and air section.Especially flow out the steam 2 of steam chest 5, flow in the space 21 of each condenser 4, therefore, flatly just reduce along the quantity of the mobile steam 2 of each passage 12, and among a part for each passage 12 (this passage is positioned at outside space 21), steam pressure also declines significantly.Therefore, processed product 1 process unsaturated steam region before its temperature declines.Its result has prevented that steam 2 from forming frosting on the surface of product 1, can by the expensive steam of using almost all reclaim and without waste.

The structure of another retracting device of the present invention refers to Fig. 8, Figure 8 shows that the vertical schematic sectional view of a vapor phase system, and steam chest of the present invention is housed in this system.The situation that condenser 4 use vapor boxes 24 in Fig. 6 are replaced has been shown in Fig. 8, each vapor box 24 is all positioned at the position near steam chest 5, and have aperture 45 at the end face of this box, be used for making steam 2 to enter in corresponding vapor box 24 by this aperture, this box 24 includes the space 25 that air is separated from steam 2 and the space 26 of storing steam 2 use.Because the proportion of steam 2 is greater than the proportion of air, so in each vapor box 24, steam 2 sinks gradually due to the weight of itself, and air separation.Therefore, the steam 2 in upper space 25 and air mix, and in undersaturated condition, and steam 2 in lower space 26 is in saturation state.Air concentrates on the top in space 25 mutually.The steam 2 of isolating air is collected in the bottom 26 of each vapor box 24, and returned in steam chest through the pipe 28 being connected with air blast 29.Vapor box 24 is by cooling steam 2 and be liquefied as condensation water, but by the Steam Recovery of using, obtains the dense poly-of steam by outside heat radiation, to reach, steam 2 sent back in steam chest 5 and gone to be bordering on the form of complete gaseous state.Retracting device shown in Fig. 8, the efficiency of its recovered steam doubles than the about increasing of retracting device of the prior art.But although its yield is very little, part steam can be cooled and liquefy by the method for outside heat radiation.The steam of liquefaction is sent back to steam chest 5 through tube connector 11.

Fig. 9 is the side view of the steam chest 5 of another program of the present invention, and this steam chest 5 has the retracting device of another kind of version, and this retracting device has one can prevent that steam from flowing out the mechanism outside steam chest 5.The right-angle view of analysing and observe for the left-half of steam chest 5 shown in Fig. 9.Liquid 7 is heated to produce steam 2.Steam chest 5 has outlet 35, and it is discharged to gas as an exhaust outlet outside of steam chest; There are import and export 46, the boundary between inside and outside as steam chest 5.Conveyer belt 10 is being carried processed product, and moves through steam chest 5, so that product is sent in steam chest 5, and from steam chest 5, product is sent.Groove 30, as passage, is sent into product and send steam chest 5 through this passage, and it equally also, as the passage of Air Flow, is introduced later again.Groove 31 forms the prolongation of groove 30, and it is as a passage of product introduction steam chest 5.Groove 32 is branch's grooves of drawing at the intersection that is positioned at two grooves 30 and groove 31 from groove 30, and it is tilted to extension from groove 30 to the upper wall of groove 31, and as a circulation passage that flows through air through groove 30.Outlet 34 is as the jet that Bas Discharged is gone to outside.

When use, liquid 7 is heated to produce steam 2, and steam 2 rises on the certain altitude in steam chest 5, has formed an interface 47, is air phase above this face, below this face, is vapor phase.Meanwhile, outside the groove 31 exhaust steam casees 5 that a part of steam 2 is connected through import or export 46 and with outside.If in the time that the momentum of the air stream of groove 30 interior generations is greater than the momentum of the steam of overflowing from steam chest 5, this air stream will be flowed through groove 32 and outlet 34 and is discharged into outside.Like this, flow out to the steam 2 groove 31 from steam chest 5, will be forced and flow back in steam chest 5 by the air stream in groove 30, therefore prevented that steam 2 from overflowing from case 5.

In groove 30, form an air stream, the density of this air stream on flow direction is uniformly, and the condition that forms this air stream is: above as long as the length of groove 30 is greater than three times of its height.Each groove 32 all stretches obliquely upward, to the top of steam chest 5, so that after this groove 30 of flowing through, this air stream can upwards flow smoothly.This is sought after, and reason is if met at right angles between groove 30 and groove 32 while layout, will make the steam 2 that is arranged in groove 31 vertically be aspirated upwards diffluence by air stream.Air stream is directed upwards to flow through groove 32, is for the steam 2 with large proportion (compared with air) is gathered among groove 31.

For steam 2 is sealed in groove 31 completely, preferably make the kinetic energy of the air mobile by groove 30, than flowing out from steam chest 5, the kinetic energy that reaches the steam 2 in groove 31 through import and export 46 is for high.Particularly, preferably can be satisfied with following formula

herein: α, V ₁and V ₂average flow velocity and air average flow velocity when the proportion (compared with air), steam that is respectively steam flows out steam chest 5.

If by the pressure on steam chest 5 tops, be reduced to lower than the pressure in each groove 32, make air pressure equal the steam pressure at import or export 46 places,, in each groove 31, the pressure that steam flows out steam chest 5 by import or export 46 will reduce.Like this, in each groove 31, form the interface that the inclination between air phase and vapor phase stretches, therefore, greatly reduced from steam chest 5 through import or export 46 and the quantity of steam that loss is gone out.

Preferably, groove 30 and 31 slightly tilts towards steam chest 5, so that coalescent condensation water flow in steam chest 5.

Figure 10 shows that the improvement structure of scheme shown in Fig. 9, in Figure 10 scheme, groove 31 does not have bottom, and Figure 11 represents, by condenser 4, to be installed on the bottom of groove 31, so that by vapor stream condensation on the spot, the effect that its generation is flowed downward.

Figure 12 and Figure 13 represent to be suitable for the steam chest system with vapor phase processing, and steam chest of the present invention is housed in this system.

The system diagram that Figure 13 shows that vapor phase system, it includes: steam chest 5, and pass steam chest 5 and the endless belt conveyor 10 of running.Processed product is positioned at the left end 36 of band conveyor 10, and moves through steam chest 5, and to use the processing of high-temperature steam, then, this product transports out from right-hand member 37 with this conveyer 10.

Send into air with air blast 38 to groove 30, will be blended in airborne steam and separate from groove 30, use retracting device 39 by this Steam Recovery, but this quantity of steam is very little, supplementary air is circulated to suction inlet 33 places on the top of the wall that is positioned at each groove 30.Figure 12 is the vertical cross section of suction inlet 33, and the numeral 41 in Figure 13 represents to be loaded on the fluid impedance device in pipe.The purposes of impedor 41 is: when when this impedor, make mobile steam receive resistance, it makes to be positioned at the internal pressure on steam chest 5 tops lower than the internal pressure of groove 32, so that the pressure at import and outlet 46 places keeps balance.

The steam reclaiming in liquid mode with retracting device 39, is sent back to steam chest 5 through managing 40.

A part for the air of discharging from air blast 38, through pernicious gas removal device 42, by along separate routes and discharge outside native system.The object of this portion of air of draining, is for 44 places, outer end at each groove 30, forms general a small amount of inside mobile air stream, and for fear of accumulate the gas producing due to the decomposition of steam in steam chest 5 in system.

Retracting device 39, can include the combined unit of a tubule condenser and frost removal, and pernicious gas removal device 42 can include and assembles tower or absorption tower.

Owing to having produced air circulation as shown in Figure 13, this system can adopt retracting device 39 that steam is reclaimed, this steam is overflowed from steam chest 5, and mix with air in groove 30, this air is discharged through exhaust outlet 34 from groove 31, can also avoid a large amount of air to flow into steam chest 5 from outside, therefore, can keep steam in steam chest 5 in clean conditions.The air of circulation is the air stream with heat, and it,, when the groove 30, can make this hot-air by processed product preheating, and the product of completion of processing is dried with this thermal air current.

In general, the steam 2 using in the steam chest 5 of vapor phase system, is poisonous and involve great expense.According to steam chest 5 of the present invention, can avoid steam 2 escape from steam chest 5 to go out.Even if steam 2 is overflowed from steam chest 5, this escape amount is also few, and the steam of overflowing almost all can reclaim.

Summary of benefits of the present invention is as follows:

(a), according to the designed steam chest of the present invention, can supply with economically the saturated vapor of q.s, to be satisfied with the needs that carry out converted products with saturated steam process;

(b) according to steam chest of the present invention, due to high efficiency effusion vapour-recovery unit being housed, therefore its energy loss is very low; With

(c), according to steam chest of the present invention, can effectively prevent that steam escape from steam chest from going out.

Claims (10)

1. the steam chest of in Steam Heating mode, product being processed, it includes the vaporium part and the product heating clamber part that are positioned at steam chest bottom, it is characterized in that there is dividing plate between vaporium and heating clamber, above dividing plate, have aperture, be used for the bottom from steam chest by the steam in vaporium, being ejected on the product that is arranged in heating clamber by aperture.

2. by the steam chest described in claim 1, it is characterized in that steam chest also includes second vaporium that is positioned at steam chest top, with a second partition, this dividing plate is separated from each other with second vaporium by heating clamber, and on dividing plate, has aperture, is used for making to be arranged in the steam of second vaporium, from the Jing Gai aperture, top of steam chest, spray to heating clamber, therefore, steam can be ejected into processed product from top with from below.

3. by the steam chest described in claim 2, it is characterized in that said upper vaporium and lower vaporium keep interconnecting by steam channel, this passage capable of being is simultaneously by two vaporiums of steam supply.

4. by the steam chest described in claim 2, it is characterized in that the average area that is positioned at the each aperture on the dividing plate of second, top is greater than the average area that is positioned at the each aperture on first dividing plate of bottom.

5. by the steam chest described in claim 2, the area that it is characterized in that the each aperture on the dividing plate of second, top is to arrange like this, be positioned at the area in each aperture of the middle body of second dividing plate in top, be greater than the area in the each aperture that is positioned at this separator edge part.

6. by the steam chest described in claim 3, it is characterized in that the said lower partition place that is positioned at steam chest is with adjustable tapping equipment, in the time that this tapping equipment is opened, the steam mainly aperture in lower partition ejects, and in the time that tapping equipment cuts out, steam is the aperture lower partition both, also in the aperture from upper baffle plate, sprays.

7. by the steam chest described in claim 1, it is characterized in that steam chest also includes the retracting device that is positioned at the below of the passage for product being sent into and sent steam chest, this device passes through with one group of cooling tube method cooling steam, the steam of high specific gravity (compared with air) is reclaimed, said retracting device includes and is positioned near the first space of steam chest, be used for making the steam that flows out steam chest to flow downward, with near second space being positioned at its bottom, be used for collecting the steam flowing to below, one group of described cooling tube is positioned at the top in second space, be used for cooling this steam.

8. by the steam chest described in claim 7, it is characterized in that said retracting device includes a dividing plate between said first space and said one group of cooling tube, be used for the former with the latter to separate, to avoid steam directly to flow to this group cooling tube from first space.

9. by the steam chest described in claim 1, it is characterized in that this steam chest also includes each and is positioned at for producing the retracting device of the brilliant passage below of sending into and send steam chest, be used for reclaiming the steam of high specific gravity (compared with air), said retracting device includes a vapor box, this vapor box is used for making to flow out steam outside steam chest and falls because of itself weight, from steam, air separation is gone out and by vapor collection in box, with the device that accelerates vapor flow, this device returns to through tube connector the steam being collected in vapor box in steam chest.

10. by the steam chest described in claim 1, it is characterized in that this steam chest also includes: the first passage that roughly along continuous straight runs extends, this passage has import and the outlet for product being sent into and sent steam chest; From the top branch of first passage second channel out, this second channel is tilted to extension from first passage top towards steam chest; And air feeder, make air directly flow to second channel from first passage, to prevent that the steam in steam chest from flowing into first passage.

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