CN85100979A - Number form is in conjunction with the electronic calculator and the robot calculator of direct-inputting type - Google Patents

Abstract

A number form is in conjunction with direct-inputting type electronic calculator or robot calculator, it is characterized in that with the input media of several special abacus types or the distortion of special abacus keyboard type input device, improve existing electronic calculator and robot calculator by several interface, like this, the reliability that can improve the computing velocity of electronic calculator and use is for the expansion of function number provides condition; The input mode of the literal such as English, day Wu, Russian of robot calculator can be simplified, the input speed of Chinese character can be improved, for " planting computing machine in full " opened up new approach.

Description

Number form is in conjunction with the electronic calculator and the robot calculator of direct-inputting type

The present invention relates to an input media of electronic calculator and robot calculator, particularly can directly import the input media of various literal and numeral with the input disc of a special abacus type.

The input media of employed various electronic calculators is exactly various key buttons at present, and the robot calculator of employed hand keyboard also all is various key buttons.

Owing to the numerical key 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 of counter, by its per three delegation of order, they divide triplex row to arrange, various function manipulation keys are arranged numerous, like this when input digit and a certain function of input, finger needs to select key on a plane, great-jump-forward touching (face of can be described as selects formula) will inevitably influence input speed like this.And abacus is to suffer position input (can abbreviate in-line arrangement as) from left to right.

In the input data, if the numeral that electronic calculator is keyed in has mistake, generally just take all numerals are removed, then button input or carry out signed magnitude arithmetic(al) by hand touch of key-press several times again and corrected again.The inconvenience of numeral is to making computing velocity be subjected to very big influence owing to correct errors in printing.And abacus can be corrected as long as stir bead on corresponding gear.

With the numeral of counter calculating mixed decimal point, when input, all will press, and abacus just needn't be beaten radix point by decimal key at every turn, just the prior positioning instant of needs can.

Calculating numeral middle or end band zero with counter must press in the relevant position by zero key.And the just expression zero of abacus neutral gear.

Because abacus is to suffer the position from left to right to dial the numeration of pearl in-line arrangement, so abacus has the high speed input function.Faster because of doing plus-minus method than electronic calculator with abacus, doing multiplication and division uses electronic calculator faster than abacus for common people, so China and Japan existing electronic calculator and abacus same be contained on the panel (but they the two between link) without any circuit just make the plus-minus method abacus, make the multiplication and division counter.

Robot calculator generally is that employing face selects formula when input digit and letter.Chinese character input device based on keyboard, according to key number on the keyboard what, is divided into large, medium and small three kinds in longer a period of time.Big keyboard is adapted to whole word code mode, and is comparatively general with style of writing formula Hanzi keyboard, and this class Hanzi keyboard kind of Japan's production at present is more, and card is held word amount 3000 words-4000 word.China development and production multiple big keyboard and be put to use.When being to use, its great advantage do not need to carry out what specialized training, so long as the people of understanding Chinese characters just illustrates a little and can use a computer him, suitable Chinese traditional habit.The shortcoming of this keyboard is not realize touch system, and average input speed is not high, and volume is bigger, and it is tired that the long-time operation meeting is felt.Medium keybiard is generally all made key to Chinese character member, makes up with the splicing-in mode and obtains required Chinese character.Can realize touch system be fit in the national expenditures radical look into the custom of word, train not difficultly, the little cost low capacity of volume is big, shortcoming is when splicing-in, abandons about distinguishing, and abandons up and down or mixes and abandon etc.As complicated Chinese character, whenever abandon and once all will bring trouble to operation by the sign key, ununified because of the decomposition of member in addition, so be difficult to make approved product, be unfavorable for promoting.Miniature keyboard is exactly standard A SCII keyboard usually.In the encode Chinese characters for computer input scheme, graphemic code, input methods such as word sound sign indicating number and phonetic-stroke code association type can be used little letter disk.Promote the use of keypad input Chinese character, not only equipment price is cheap, be equipped with easily, and and the input equipment of western language character better compatibility is arranged.To professional operating personnel, use keypad to help improving Chinese character input speed especially.When being button, shortcoming need select formula by employing face.

In " the international rechoning by the abacus give lectures discussion " held March nineteen eighty-two, from India represents Ba Delinala foreign doctor's paper " think abacus can each country with computer and dim eyesight random scientific advance occupy a tiny space, it seems it is fantasy; But the epoch of this just conversely speaking, scientific progress and computer prosperity, ancient abacus, the light that perhaps can emit it is boundless and indistinct next ".This shows that nobody accomplishes abacus and counter before March nineteen eighty-two, computing machine organically combines and is one.(seeing 44 pages of " notion of soroban education " literary compositions)

The reliability that task of the present invention is to improve the computing velocity of electronic calculator and uses is for the expansion for interface quantity of function key provides condition; Improve the input speed of robot calculator, simplify the touch system input operation of English, Japanese, Russian, for the input of robot calculator Chinese character provides brand-new mode, make the application of robot calculator obtain promoting, for new approach has been opened up in various literal form of a stroke or a combination of strokes inputs.

Task of the present invention is to solve like this, with the contact under the button of the input disc of a special abacus type and a corresponding interface circuits and a function type program type electronic calculator be connected (or with contact former decoding scheme after be connected with another corresponding interface circuits), so just, the advantages of the advantage of abacus and counter is got up, overcome them and have the place that to satisfy people's needs separately; Here it is, and we have solved the task of invention number form in conjunction with the in-line arrangement electronic calculator; In addition, for same thinking, the input disc of an abacus type with a corresponding interface circuits be connected with a personal computer (or with contact former code translator after be connected with another corresponding interface circuits), so just, the advantages of the advantage of abacus and personal computer is got up, overcome the place that they can not satisfy people's needs separately.Here it is, and we solve the task of invention number form in conjunction with the in-line arrangement micro computer.

The input disc that is number form in conjunction with in-line arrangement function type program-type counter shown in Figure 1.This input disc is exactly a special abacus, when counter cuts off the power supply, itself just can be used to add, subtracts, multiplication and division, power, evolution, the calculating of separating the equation of higher degree, separating system of linear equations, and it can make binary bit, four carries, octadic, hexadecimal.Especially decimal numeral system conversion and calculating.Its pearl number lacked than the past, and its calculating pithy formula does not only increase, and opposite pithy formula has tailed off.For example carry out metric addition subtraction pithy formula as long as can two can calculate, these two pithy formulas be " add by beam, subtract from beam, can be by just leaning on, otherwise luxuriant from leaning on, can from just from, otherwise by by lean on from.Advance one from two, move back one and lean on two ".Function about this new-type abacus repeats no more.In a word, it is that a dish can practical abacus.As if being coupled together by interface circuit and function type program type electronic calculator, it has just produced peculiar function.At first add, subtract in numeral, no matter multiplication and division will prove in the theory and practice that it will defeat the computational tool of any kind on speed in calculating.In the international rechoning by the abacus discussion of holding March nineteen eighty-two, once pointed out in the paper of " soroban education notion " that India Ahmedabad Li Nala foreign doctor at the meeting reads out, " think abacus can each country with computer and dim eyesight random scientific advance occupy a tiny space, it seems be the fantasy; But in the epoch of this just conversely speaking, scientific progress and computer prosperity, ancient rechoning by the abacus also can emit that its light is boundless and indistinct to be come.Even Here it is in today of modern electronic technology development, speed resembles lightening counter, and the abacus bead of being fiddled with by the rechoning by the abacus hand is defeated." counter even be included as addition subtraction multiplication and division and always can't defeat rechoning by the abacus than the custom-designed robot calculator of grand sports meet.This is because rechoning by the abacus input is to suffer the position to dial a pearl input data and determine, does not dial zero when rechoning by the abacus is calculated certainly, does not dial radix point and does not also dial sign of operation etc. and also saved many times.Even the counter operator skillfully arrives complete high speed touch system, its speed does not also chase after rechoning by the abacus.This also is that the manual input of counter up to now all is that " face selects formula " determines.The present invention inherits the advantage of rechoning by the abacus get off, and And produces the function that makes new advances.We represent the stroke of Chinese character visually with the bead distribution in each unit of this new-type rechoning by the abacus.Shown in figure one, we are defined as 2 to two pearls on the narrow beam in each unit, and a pearl of narrow beam lower-left is represented 4, and the bottom right pearl is defined as 1, we can see 1,4 pearl by beam, and image is Chinese character a " one's " image, 2,2 two pearls are the images of " | " in the Chinese character, and 2,2,4 three pearls are formed The image of (eighty percent discount), 1,2,4 three pearls represent that " mouth " font in the Chinese character resembles, and 2,4 pearls are formed the image of Chinese character " Pie ", in 2, the 1 pearls composition Chinese character "

" image.2,2,4,1 form the image of a Qian (three foldings).Also has one, two, 0 not definition.We can think according to topological notion " " be in a line, to bear one " branch ".So will "

" be defined as 1." ten " then think to give birth to two branches in a line.So, " ten " are defined as 2.Think that not being communicated with of " figure " is 0, so neutral gear 0 is defined as the room, we just obtain ten basis sign indicating numbers of called after " Dong Shi coding " like this:

1234567890

Ten | a Pie mouth

The Qian sky

Like this, we just can carry out first order coding to each Chinese characters." staying " as Chinese character can be in first unit input " mouth " of input disc, second each and every one unit input " one ", the 4th unit input of the 3rd unit input " | " " Pie ", the 5th unit import "

".Although the coding of this slow-witted word really 705463.But the importer does not need back to answering numeral to go input again.But press stroke shape and order, and suffer the position and dial pearl, just look like on bead, to write equally.And must not go to dial 705463.The 705463rd, the information that machine intimate transmits.This this just input disc why to the operator of meeting writing of Chinese characters be very economize mental, the reason that Yi Xueyi is skilled.If as a child can carry out a people, rechoning by the abacus formula counter is used in the study of above-mentioned rechoning by the abacus, study, and the rechoning by the abacus computer that declines forms the high speed technical ability of dialling pearl.The Chinese character input speed problem has generally and improves, rechoning by the abacus formula input disc can be imported Chinese character, just can be function type, outside the nonnumeric calculation key of program-type counter, other function manipulation key, non-productive operation key, the memory cell key, storage algebraic operation function keys etc., all the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes of first three of the Chinese character title of available its standard is directly directly dialled on three unit of lower left quarter of input disc, can connect required each key.As can be seen, when we dial in the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes,, and in fact be to have dialled in digital code although we do not go to remember the digital code of the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes.Obvious three bit digital can have 999 codes altogether, and the TI-59 program counter of the U.S. has 99 functions of 45 key buttons, and its function number of Xian Jin counter also can only take 999 part and overcome in the present electronic calculator development key button in the close-packed phenomenon of input disc again.As " library routine indirect call " this function, will be on TI-59 by (2nd) (pgm) (2nd) (Ind) 4 keys.Because most of key is difunctional, so desire must press the LRN key by (pgm), and desire is by (Ind) key, the necessary (y that presses ^x) key, and if need only be by the first stroke Dian of representational three words " storehouse,, transfer " three words on rechoning by the abacus formula keyboard, Dian, Dian dials in and can be organized in " library routine indirect call " function on No. 333 because of us.Its coding is seen circuit Figure 18

Rechoning by the abacus formula input disc must be connected with counter by interface circuit.Can obtain different interface circuits according to different physical principles

The input media that four unthreaded holes are arranged under the every pearl that provides among Fig. 1, below we are referred to as " four unthreaded hole formulas ".Interface circuit correspondingly such as Fig. 3, this device of Fig. 4 must be worked under the condition of indoor light abundance; but And does not need direct light, and (can think to use under the workable condition of solar cell formula electronic calculator) is if insufficient light needs to work under scattering light.

Calculate 20400+104.02 as desire, then at first press starting switch, make machine in running order, according to the required characteristics of calculating numeral, whether decision will adjust the position of little contact on abacus.Generally we fix on the position of radix point on right number third gear, can satisfy the needs of general work like this, but because of need increase the figure place of radix point especially the time, can reset.Transfer the method for radix point very simple, as long as just click the transparent button button of the required scaling position on the narrow beam bright decimal light originally extinguished.Where radix point is positioned at, and directly benefit 0 mode of 0 circuit is mended in restriction.

Then promptly calculate as bead and dial in 2 from myriabit, dial one 4 on hundred, the right hand dials in 1 on hundred on the second row abacus, dial in 4 on individual position, and radix point needn't be dialled, and just dials 02 successively.Left hand one is by " ten " number calculation keys, and the result promptly is presented at display, and (add, subtract, multiplication and division) all is similar play.

Principle is such, for example dial in 2, concerning staff, only dialled one 2, concerning machine, really done a series of action, at first moving down of pearl opened magazine, photoelectric tube is subjected to light, send into photoelectric conversion circuit (16), (obviously, here adopt magazine to open rather than adopt magazine to close to do signal, this is the influence that has the shade that light sets about when being used for dialling pearl for elimination) photoelectric conversion circuit, the electric signal that conversion is come, under the control of time clock distributor circuit, send into delay circuit.This delay circuit is such.The M of a former counter of pulse-on at first ⁺Photocoupler on the contact (storage), then the optically-coupled pipe on second pulse-on "+" number contact under the time clock distributor circuit distributes is followed the photocoupler that another pulse goes to connect numeral 2.At this moment just send into one 2 to machine, under time clock distributor circuit control, mend at once 0 this be equivalent to time clock and remove button " 0 ", after mending 4 " 0 ", then mend radix point, and " 0 " behind the polishing radix point ... these buttons are moving all to come in the delay circuit, hand has only been dialled one 2, and circuit is by successively having moved M ⁺2, three actions of ,+, are mended 0 circuit oneself and are mended and to know clearly 0 and a plurality of actions of radix point.Like this, dish is gone up and is not dialled 0 from the teeth outwards, does not beat radix point, and has in fact been finished by circuit.Increased unnecessary actuation of keys outwardly, and in fact, the people has only moved, circuit has been finished a plurality of actions apace, and this is one of basic ideas of the present invention just.

In addition, also have under each bead two unthreaded holes are arranged, the distinct interface circuit of a unthreaded hole, its design philosophy all is like this, just " unthreaded hole formula " must add the pole changer circuit and (promptly add computing and be changed to and subtract computing, subtract computing and be changed to and add computing.)

In addition, modern contact witch can produce electric signal with the rechoning by the abacus touch action and replace light to produce light signal by the plectrum action, and light signal is the circuit part of power transformation signal again, and this obviously can substitute.But contact witch is reliable not as light signal when dialling pearl at a high speed, reacts malfunctioning because of various reasons, causes miscount.

Contact circuit (25) has used electromagnetic component.Volume is big, and cost is also higher, but its is directly perceived really, easily adjust, and the easy maintenance scheme of action that do not make mistake the more important thing is that it is with the principle complete class ratio of various circuit.

By pearl moving up and down on the copper bar, obtain electric signal reliably, the photocoupler on electric signal deexcitation "+" number contact.Be equivalent to number key by "+", then this electric signal just starts reversing switch ("+" number becomes "-" number or "-" and number become "+" number) and has promptly cut off circuit, promptly is equivalent to stop actuation of keys.(concerning counter, do not stop key, next signal import to pass by) will connect "-" and number get ready when returning for pearl again.(Here it is, and pearl is an addition by beam, and pearl is the reason of subtraction from beam, (although all be outwardly by lever same interface)

Then because the energising of the electromagnet in the circuit has not only been controlled turns to, the magnetic field of electromagnet is closed again simultaneously magnetosensitive switch has been connected a magnetosensitive on-off circuit, and this circuit electricity has excited photocoupler, has connected contact, is equivalent to by numerical key.Then always the output of a circuit is used as the output of next circuit, has been formed delay phenomenon, and circuit can have been finished the action of benefit 0 and radix point like this.Obviously, it has no longer wanted the time clock distributor circuit.

This is the circuit of output input coupling continuously, can use the magnetosensitive on-off circuit, also can finish delay-action requirement with the coupling of monostalbe trigger.

Finished by machine in the mode of a series of connection photocouplers except that the mode that postpones zero padding, also having another is exactly the method for decoding.

At a kind of code translator that Figure 13 to 17 provides, this is a kind of control of finishing by machinery, only is applicable on the input disc of keyswitch type electronic computing machine.

And in rechoning by the abacus, finish, then can adopt and send numeral that information translates 10 carries through decoding scheme under the control of time-pulse distributor by position switch and directly excite photoelectric coupling switch to finish several words to fail to calculate and so no longer needed to mend 0 circuit into And.This interface circuit that is used on the electronic calculator is equally applicable to personal computer.

The circuit of Figure 13 to 17 is to adopt button in order to adapt to computer, design for the Li Shi coding that uses Li Jin Kay, generally be not used for+,-, *, computing, if leave no choice but carry out this calculating, neither say that this scrambler can not use at all on calculating, but not too adapt to the high speed requirement of computing.In fact, as long as give numerical value 4,2,2,1, four numerals to four keys of a unit, direct input digit and connected photocoupler so just.

The Figure 13 to 17 that designs for personal computer is described as follows just:

It is exactly to want the operator to want in one, two, three, four pits that refer to be placed on the key that this button operation has a requirement.Want simultaneously basic during button, it is impossible pressing definitely simultaneously, can have successively, but can not singlely press, " one " as Chinese character beats on 0,1 two keys, can not 11 of singles make a call to 10 again, but press substantially simultaneously, need only in fact and in brain, want to make a call to a horizontal stroke, rather than just think theoretically to beat word by word.Because the number of these two kinds of method inputs is different.The decoding scheme that under the condition of this action request, designs just.Circuit among Figure 13 represents, if only need be by the situation of next singly-bound, four keys are whichever to be pressed separately and all can reach exciting light electric coupling switching purposes.Figure 14 is that when representing that first button is pressed, second button had fine motion when pressing two keys (and noting the situation that two keys are all adjacent) substantially simultaneously, and this exactly state has just all cut off the circuit of Figure 13.And make the photoelectric coupling switch that needs connect Figure 15 is that two keys that expression is pressed are the situations of being separated by, this circuit has also cut off the circuit of Figure 13 and the photoelectric coupling switch that needs is connected when the second key fine motion is downward in this case, if Figure 16 is expression situation when having triple bond to press substantially simultaneously, as long as promptly have the second key triple bond all little when downward, just cut off the circuit of Figure 13, Figure 14 Figure 15.And the photoelectric coupling switch that needs is connected.Figure 17 is a quadruple linkage when pressing substantially simultaneously, all circuit before just cutting off, and the photoelectric coupling switch that needs is connected.

In order to allow personal computer also adapt to input at a high speed, provided the computor-keyboard of Figure 11 again just, because need adopt the form of dialling pearl again, interface circuit adopts the way of unthreaded hole, electric capacity, inductance, resistive touch formula, electromagnetic type, contact to solve again.

The present invention in fact is with same invention thinking, has created number form in conjunction with the in-line arrangement input media, and this device can combine with a lot of Technology Needs, we can say to form a series of new product, and the present invention is the core of a series of products.

Rechoning by the abacus is that Chinese at first invent, and is the cultural heritage of a preciousness, in today that the robot calculator epoch have arrived, is bringing into play important effect in every economic work, will have 5,000 ten thousand people to dial bead Chinese every day and carry out evaluation work.Rechoning by the abacus is supplied to countries in the world in the rechoning by the abacus city of Japan, and maximum in the world rechoning by the abacus building has been built on the Gary Fu Niya square of the U.S., and Britain's newpapers and periodicals claim that unexpectedly " rechoning by the abacus is the Saviour of digital education.There is individual glass cabinet on robot calculator next door of Chicago,U.S Argonne national research laboratory, is cashier's office in a shop carving " just crack glass when critical ".Originally putting the Chinese abacus of a dish in the cabinet.The quick almost operation of any computational tool of dialling pearl of rechoning by the abacus can't be compared.

The present invention links together rechoning by the abacus, counter, inseparable the ceding territory of micro computer, and " rechoning by the abacus formula computer ", " rechoning by the abacus formula electronic calculator " also has a series of products such as " computermatic rechonings by the abacus " that people are had huge attractive force.Especially can conveniently be easy to learn and use, the Chinese Computer that input speed is high, all attractive to each family.

In China, a kind of novel be the new product of abacus with the computer input disc, have the large market,, have the needs of more than one hundred million products if upgrade, because people learn that this abacus is the input disc of computer, learned abacus, operational computations device and computer have been done preparation, so not only the pupil learns rechoning by the abacus, novel rechoning by the abacus all will be learnt by middle school, university, will have several hundred million products just can satisfy the demand like this.More, carry more convenient because its pearl can be produced on the pencil box less.

Though the price of the electronic calculator of rechoning by the abacus formula is more expensive than rechoning by the abacus, because it is the fastest computational tool.Common people easily learn easily and grasp, and speed surpasses rechoning by the abacus, and this is indispensable to the numerous professionals that do calculating.The number that adds its function key can be expanded greatly, imports with Chinese character or with the pen type of Japanese, English, Russian, and electronic calculator is more outstanding than the advantage of personal computer.Therefore also can be to need more than one hundred million products.

For this rechoning by the abacus formula computer because its Chinese character input is convenient, fast, easily learns easily and grasp, can on micro computer is popularized, play good action, although price very your work can become the target that various offices and family buy.At present, Sweden has been that average per four offices in the whole nation have a computer.The U.S. is in late nineteen nineties, and all will there be computer in the every household.

Especially this computer has been created condition for the algorithmic language of creating Chinese algorithmic language or creation China training base.

To new rechoning by the abacus, also can be sought after in the international market.To rechoning by the abacus formula counter requirement is very big, although the input of sound literal is easily because abandon, on keyboard, once be exactly a letter, if (day, English, each letter of Russian can not surpass twice according to " Dong Shi numbering ", and what have also is to strike once will to strike secondary with form of a stroke or a combination of strokes input.) but since electronic calculator function key number substantially exceed, moreover because specific surface selects formula easily to learn, easily improve speed, also have vast market.

The New-type computer of importing by pen type also has vast market equally.At first be Japan, can be very interested to the computer of the new input way of Chinese character, Japanese.

1-rectangle frame 33-brass light wall pipe

2-top 34-rhombus bead

3-lower part 35-entrance hole

4-wide beam 36-special function keys

The last narrow beam 37-of 5-zero key

Narrow beam 38-numeral is pressed resistance under the 6-

Resistance pressed in the upper ledge 39-letter of 7-rectangle frame (1)

The last lever 40-of 8-literal key groups

The lower frame 41-button of 9-rectangle frame (1)

Four special switches of lever 42-under the 10-

11-decorative pearl on top of an official cap 43-decoding scheme

The last pearl 44-of 12-circular groove

Pearl 45-conductive rubber under the 13-

14-unthreaded hole 46-normal opened contact

The end box 47-normally closed contact of 15-band unthreaded hole (14)

Box at the bottom of the 16-photoelectric conversion circuit 48-

17-time clock distributor circuit 49-rectangle frame

18-radix point positioning circuit

The 19-delay zero-padding circuit

The 20-coding circuit

21-photoelectric coupling switch 54-wide beam

22-clips the shading side sheet 55-narrow beam of two corners

The upper ledge of the upper surface 56-rectangle frame (49) of box at the bottom of the 23-(15)

The lower frame of 24-magazine 57-rectangle frame (49)

25-contact switch 58-lever

26-electromagnetic switch circuit 59-pearl

27-coding circuit 60-unthreaded hole bar

Box at the bottom of the delay of 28-monostalbe trigger combination, the zero padding circuit 61-

Shading side's sheet of 29-radix point positioning circuit 62-angle groove

30-coding circuit 63-magazine

31-photoelectric coupling switch 64-position switch

32-insulation tube 65-time sequential pulse divider

The 66-decoding scheme

The 67-clock signal generator

The 68-coupled switch

Function type and program type electronic calculator, it is made up of arithmetical unit, memory, input media, output unit and controller.The input disc of input media is a special abacus, and it puts together up and down side by side with two identical special abacuses.It is divided into top (2) and lower part (3) to rectangle frame (1) by a wide beam (4), last narrow beam (5) and following narrow beam (6), and top (2) and lower part (3) are divided into the area ratio respectively is 3: 2 two.Rectangle frame (1), wide beam (4), last narrow beam (5), following narrow beam (6) are all made by nonconducting duroplasts.Between the upper ledge (7) of rectangle frame (1) and last narrow beam (5) and between wide beam (4) and following narrow beam (6), be equipped with some and go up levers (8); Between last narrow beam (5) and the wide beam (4) and between the lower frame (9) of following narrow beam (6) and rectangle frame (1) some following levers (10) are being installed, last lever (8) and following lever (10) are to be made by bamboo pole, mainly are for ease of stirring.The radical of following lever (10) is 2 times of radical of going up lever (8), the ratio of the effective length of the effective length of last lever (8) and following lever (10) is 3: the 2(effective length be meant remove install the length outside the length in the position of connecing) lever (8) is installed with two pearls that can move freely on each root: pearls (12) on (11) one of decorative pearls on top of an official cap, lever under each root (10) only is installed with a following pearl (13) that can freely move up and down.The decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12), shading side's sheet (22) of pearl (13) rhombus pearl of all being made by general bead material and angle groove is bonded together and forms down, in order not influence the control to unthreaded hole (14) in moving process of the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and last pearl (12), shading side's sheet (22) of angle groove is clipped two corners.Unthreaded hole (14) is opened on the upper surface (23) of the end box made from nonconducting duroplasts (15).Each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) and following pearl (13) respectively correspondence four unthreaded hole purposes be for strengthening logical light quantity, the unthreaded hole of per two same purposes in four unthreaded holes all is equipped with a magazine (24) below (promptly refer to play equally two unthreaded holes that start additive operation or play two unthreaded holes that start subtraction equally), and a photoelectric tube is housed in each magazine.Unthreaded hole (14) is not worked when covered, has only from covered becoming could start the once-through operation circuit when not covered, has not just worked afterwards.Wait for next signal like this when dialling pearl when pearl on coming to narrow beam (5) or down narrow beam (6) only reveal two unthreaded holes (14) that can start additive operation, otherwise only reveal two unthreaded holes (14) that can start subtraction when both sides move to extreme position when make progress narrow beam (5) or following narrow beam (6) of pearl.Lever on each root (8), two following levers (10) and (11) one of a decorative pearl on top of an official cap are gone up the inverted Y-shaped input block that (12) two following pearls of pearl (13) constitute.Give each each pearl of inverted Y-shaped unit with fixed numeric values, the value that the last pearl (12) of each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) is given is 2, the value that a following pearl on the lever under the left side (10) is given is 4, the value that a following pearl under the right on the lever (10) is given is 1, and the combination between each pearl can make each inverted Y-shaped cell list illustrate 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9; Directly represent the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image visually with the distributional pattern of each inverted Y-shaped unit four pearl.Coming to narrow beam (5) or descend narrow beam (6) with pearl is input (being called for short by beam).For example: two following pearls (13) are represented "-" when the beam, represent when going up pearl (12) simultaneously by beam that " " represent "/" when upward the following pearl (13) of lever (10) leans on beam simultaneously under pearl (12) and the left side with one with a decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and one; Represent “ when leaning on beam with a following pearl (13) that goes up lever (10) under pearl (12) and the right " etc.Like this electronic calculator except that the numeral each function key, for example resemble 99 of the function keys of TI59, just can directly import with three forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of each function Chinese-character canonical title with rightmost three unit of part (3), so just the number for extended functional key provides condition.

When dialling on the input disc numeral 60 be decided to be ten the unit under the last pearl (12) of lever (8) and the left side the following pearl on the lever (10) depend on beam to make the unthreaded hole of startup addition or not variation once from hiding, so, the light signal that light enters unthreaded hole is input to photoelectric conversion circuit (16), make a light signal become an electric signal, time clock distributor circuit (17) is with control lag, zero padding circuit (19), because radix point positioning circuit (18) is restricting delay zero-padding circuit (19), control each gear and answer the number of zero padding, only mending one zero (because being the tens word) in this example mainly is the actuation of keys of removing to finish a series of addition or subtraction by electric signal with delay zero-padding circuit here, can make the display display digit because of photoelectric coupling switch (21) is connected with the contact of electronic calculator numeral generic key.Be to finish one 2 to fill 0.0000 in this example ... what show on display is 20.0000 ... then be to connect add key to fill 0.0000 finishing one 4 ... and shown 60.0000 ... here being actually the face that improves people's manual manipulation selects the formula button to finish former keys of computer face for the in-line arrangement input of dialling pearl with the combination of the characteristics of the quick transmission of electric signal and each circuit function to select formula to move, because of the mechanical action of staff is slow, and transmit signal in the circuit is fast, so improved input speed.When input signal was the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes "/" " ' " ", signal was had only not with the output numeral that is about to delay zero-padding circuit (19) through coding circuit (20) at the nonnumeric generic key of connecting electronic calculator by photoelectric coupling switch (21) by the same said process of delay zero-padding circuit (19) function of radix point positioning circuit (18) restriction by above said photoelectric conversion circuit (16) time clock distributor circuit (17).The circuit of most critical is delay zero-padding circuit (19) in this interface circuit, and the method that utilize to postpone has been arranged an action to input signal, and the people's gesture and facial expression that reaches quick transmission generation of utilizing electric signal is selected the mechanical action of formula touching.

When input digit or the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes have mistake, can make alterations in individual bits.In fact just finish by the circuit that starts a subtraction.

One with above-mentioned electronic calculator 26S Proteasome Structure and Function roughly the same and have only not with the scheme formula:

Go up pearl (12) only corresponding respectively unthreaded hole of pearl (13) down for each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11).It is that to be that four times of pearls are thick add two times of unthreaded hole width for the effective length that goes up lever (8) that a feature is arranged here, connect a photoelectric tube under each unthreaded hole, light signal just at first starts a pole changer when issuing electric signal of clock-pulse circuit makes to add to become to subtract or make to subtract to become and adds.With claim (2 described situation analogies mutually.

Function type and program type electronic calculator, it is made up of arithmetical unit, memory, input media, output unit and controller.The input disc of input media be a special abacus (in fact it puts together formation up and down side by side with two identical special abacuses) it by a wide beam (4) rectangle frame (1) is divided into top (2) and lower part (3), it is 3: 2 two that last narrow beam (5) and following narrow beam (6) are divided into the area ratio to top (2) and lower part (3) respectively, rectangle frame (1), wide beam (4), go up narrow beam (5), narrow beam (6) is all made by nonconducting duroplasts down.Between the upper ledge (7) of rectangle frame (1) and last narrow beam (5) and between wide beam (4) and following narrow beam (6), be equipped with some and go up levers (8); Between last narrow beam (5) and the wide beam (4) and between the lower frame (9) of following narrow beam (6) and rectangle frame (1) some following levers (10) are being installed, last lever (8) is to be enclosed within the brass pipe range 2mm-3mm of the brass tube of the centre of making on the bamboo pole than both sides by three brass light wall pipes (33) that two insulation tubes (32) (the insulation pipe range is 2mm-3mm) separate, the length of both sides brass tube is that a pearl is thick, following lever (10) is by an insulation tube (32), separate, two brass light wall pipes (33) are enclosed within to be made on the bamboo pole.Draw a lead respectively from every copper pipe that is enclosed within lever (8) and following lever (10).So that the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) is gone up pearl (12) when stirring at the same time, successively connect brass tube with input electrical signal.The lead of middle brass tube passes through between lever and brass tube.The radical of following lever (10) is 2 times of radical of going up lever (8), lever on each root (8) is installed with two pearls that can freely move up and down: a decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) for one, lever under each root (10) only is installed with a following pearl (13) that can freely move up and down.The decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) is gone up pearl (12), pearl (13) all is rhombus beads (34) of being made by general bead material down, and rhombus pearl (34) center has a circular hole, and the inwall in hole embeds the latten brass pipe.So that make the brass tube in the pearl when stirring pearl, have one to contact fully with brass tube on the lever.On the upper surface (23) of the end box (15) that nonconducting duroplasts is made, have entrance hole (35) will enter from the line that brass tube is drawn hole (35) when pearl near last narrow beam (5) or down the brass tube of narrow beam (6) pearl inwall when stirring contact the circuit that back electric signal can be imported the startup addition with two brass tubes on the lever.By switching, turn to be subtraction then.Otherwise the circuit that then starts subtraction turns to and is addition.Lever on each root (8), two following levers (10) and (11) one of a decorative pearl on top of an official cap are gone up (12) two following pearls of pearl (13) and are constituted an inverted Y-shaped input block.Giving each each pearl of inverted Y-shaped unit, to go up the value that pearl (12) gives with each decorative pearl on top of an official cap of fixed numeric values (11) be 2.The value that a following pearl of lever under the left side (10) is given is 4.The value that a following pearl of lever (10) is given under the right is 1.Combination between each pearl can make each inverted Y-shaped input unit representation go out 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9; Directly represent the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image visually with the distributional pattern of each inverted Y-shaped input block four pearl.Come to narrow beam (5) or descend narrow beam (6) with pearl as input.(abbreviation) by beam.For example expression " mouth " the following pearl (13) of using lever (10) under (13) left sides of following pearl of lever (10) under pearl (12) and the right is represented by beam simultaneously.Three forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes that electronic calculator each function key except that numeral can its Chinese-character canonical title are directly imported like this.Because just can start function key with limited unit, so just the number for extended functional key provides condition.

When needs on input disc during input digit 700, the position that reserve radix point in advance be decided to be the following pearl (13) that stirs pearl on (12) and two following levers on hundred the gear then by beam by contact switch (25) and electromagnetic switch circuit (26) with signal, send into delay, zero padding circuit (28) that monostalbe trigger makes up and give a series of action for each input signal the number difference of different gear zero paddings is realized by 100.00+200.00+400.00 for 700 these numbers.The number of input electromagnetic switch circuit (26) is by photoelectric coupling switch (31) display digit that links to each other with the former numerical key contact of counter.Delay, the zero padding circuit (28) of monostalbe trigger combination have imported 700.00 to several 0 the numerals after mending behind 0 and the radix point of supplying the position by the numerical key contact of photoelectric coupling switch (31) connection counter too like this.If input signal is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes, similar as previously mentioned just many steps of reason: import photoelectric coupling switch (31) again with circuit (26), (28), after encoding.Connect the contact of the nonnumeric generic key of counter.

This circuit also can be in corresponding gear corrigendum when input has mistake.

A small-sized computer, the computer that can import English, Japanese, Russian, particularly Chinese character, it is by input media, output unit, CPU (central processing unit) (CPU), auxiliary memory is formed.The input disc of input media is by several rhombus key groups (digital keys group (38), alphabet key group (39), literal key groups (40)) and special function keys (36), and zero key (37) constitutes.The prism that each rhombus key groups is equilateral right-angle triangles by four cross sections giving fixed numbers all is that button (41) is formed.Button (41) is made by nonconducting a kind of plastics, and its bottom surface has a conductive rubber (45), and a circular groove (44) has been dug at its upper surface center, and is accurate for ease of button.

Giving the square key groups that four buttons (41) of fixed numbers are formed on the input disc is a unit, on input disc during input digit, just a digital key groups (38) and one zero key (37) just can be expressed 26 letters of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 English, and 33 letters of Russian and Japanese katakana all can only be represented with two alphabet key groups (39).More than two kinds of key groups (38) (39) be that the numerical value of giving four buttons is 1,2,2,4.The value that literal key groups (40) is given 4 buttons (41) is the 0,1,2, the 4th, is arranged in rectangle, and the various forms of one-tenth capable of being combined can directly be represented the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image visually when with manual manipulation button (41).Like this, several literal buttons (40) can be represented Chinese character in each row, and fixed phrases can be represented when the downward button of hand with the literal key groups in each row, conductive rubber under the button (41) is connected four special switches (42), switch (42) is made of two docking points, (46) normally closed contacts of normal opened contact (47), because the each unidirectional mobile distance of button (41) is no less than 5 millimeters, make these two switch alternations, the decoding scheme of forming with some leads (43) then is along with the difference 1 of the numerical value of giving button (41), 2,2,4 or 0,1,2,4 make four number transliterations of four buttons (41) become eight or ten numerals.

Be connected with text button with numerical key by coding circuit (27) then, interface circuit is contained in end box (48) lining below the input disc.

Small-sized computer, one can be imported English, Japanese, Russian, particularly can import the computer of Chinese character, and it is by input media, output unit, CPU (central processing unit) (CPU).Auxiliary memory is formed.Input media is made up of an input disc and interface circuit.

Input disc is made up of a special abacus and special function keys (36) and one zero key (37).

Special abacus comprises a rectangle frame (49), three wide beams (54) are divided into (50) (51) (52) (53) four parts to rectangle frame (49), four narrow beams (55) are respectively four parts (50) (51) (52) (53) five equilibrium, the some levers (58) that pass narrow beam (55) are fixed between the upper ledge (56) and wide beam (54) of rectangle frame (49), between the lower frame (57) between the wide beam (54) and wide beam (54) and rectangle frame (49), rectangle frame (49), wide beam (54), narrow beam (55) is made by a kind of nonconducting duroplasts, and penetrating every lever (58) has these two pearls of two pearls (59) to occupy in the both sides up and down of narrow beam (55).Pearl can freely move up and down along lever (58) respectively, and lever (58) is made by bamboo pole, and the length of lever (58) should be the thickness of 2 times of pearls (59).Two levers distances that constitute a unit than the distance between two unit less than 2 millimeters-4 millimeters, so that identification.Pearl (59) is that the rhombus pearl of being made by a general bead material and shading side's sheet (62) of angle groove are bonded together, and the width up and down of shading side's sheet (62) of angle groove is a narrow beam (55) to half of the distance of the upper ledge (56) of rectangle frame (49).The end box (61) of the band unthreaded hole bar (60) that is connected with rectangle frame (49) is made with nonconducting duroplasts, and interface circuit is positioned in the end box.

Unthreaded hole bar (60) is driveed to move up and down on the upper surface of end box (61) corresponding each pearl of two unthreaded hole bars (60) of each pearl (59) and is always only revealed a unthreaded hole bar when reaching the limit of the position, and the width of unthreaded hole bar (60) is less than half of shading side's sheet (62) width of pearl (59).Near two row's unthreaded holes of narrow beam (55), the circuit of this two rows unthreaded hole is cut off when not doing subtraction, and this is that digital operation moves in program because of computing machine mainly is programming calculating or carries out the literal input.Below each unthreaded hole bar (60), a magazine (63) is housed all, a photoelectric tube is housed in each magazine with receiving inputted signal.

Per two levers (58) and on four pearls (59) constitute a unit, a unit and zero key (37) input digit with part (53), give each pearl with fixed numbers 1,2,2,4, the combination between each pearl can express 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9; Distributional pattern with each unit four pearl (59) is directly represented the various strokes of literal and the alphabetical form of a stroke or a combination of strokes visually, so only just can import English 26 letters with two unit, Japanese katakana, 33 letters of Russian are with several unit input Chinese character and common phrase.

On input disc, dial in a certain numerical example as 600, because whether the pearl of a bottom of the pearl (59) of a top of lever (58) and left side lever depend on beam to make the anti-dazzling screen (62) of pearl (59) start the unthreaded hole bar (60) of doing additive operation and or not variation once from hiding in a unit, be input to photoelectric conversion circuit (16) so enter the light signal of unthreaded hole, make light signal become electric signal, by time clock distributor circuit (17) with control lag, zero padding circuit (19) is because radix point positioning circuit (18) is restricting and postponing, zero padding circuit (19) is promptly controlled each gear and is answered the number of zero padding to finish the action of a series of additions or subtraction.Connect the numeric class keyed jointing point of robot calculator by photoelectric coupling switch (21).

When input signal is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes, have only not together:, connect the strong contact of nonnumeric class of robot calculator by photoelectric coupling switch (21) by the signal process coding circuit (27) of delay circuit (19) output.

We have provided only being omitted with the coding method of two forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of English letter, japanese alphabet, Russion letter herein in conjunction with the needs of in-line arrangement electronic calculator and personal computer in order to adapt to number form.

The said input disc of claim 29, its interface circuit is that the position switch (64) that can accept input signal joins (clock signal generator (67) joins with time sequential pulse divider (65) again here) with the decoding scheme (66) that is subjected to time sequential pulse divider (65) control, and decoding scheme (66) joins with coupled switch (68).When if input signal is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes, coupled switch (68) joins with coding circuit (27), connects the nonnumeric generic key contact of robot calculator then; When if input signal is numeral, coupled switch (68) joins with the numeric class keyed jointing point of robot calculator.

Claims (37)

1, function type and program type electronic calculator, it is made up of arithmetical unit, memory, input media, output unit and controller.It is characterized in that: input media is made up of input disc and an interface circuit of a special rechoning by the abacus formula.

Input disc comprises a rectangle frame (1), a wide beam (4) that rectangle frame (1) is divided into top (2) and lower part (3), the last narrow beam (5) that top (2) are separated, the following narrow beam (6) that lower part (3) are separated, between some upper ledges (7) that are installed in rectangle frame (1) and the last narrow beam (5) and be installed in last lever (8) between wide beam (4) and the following narrow beam (6), the some following levers (10) that are installed between the lower frame (9) between narrow beam (5) and the wide beam (4) and that be installed in down narrow beam (6) and rectangle frame (1), the radical of following lever (10) is 2 times of radical of going up lever (8), lever on each root (8) is installed with a decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and a last pearl (12) that can freely move up and down, lever under each root (10) is installed with a following pearl (13) that can freely move up and down, lever on each root (8), two following levers (10) and (11) one of a decorative pearl on top of an official cap are gone up (12) two following pearls of pearl (13) and are constituted an inverted Y-shaped unit.The end box (15) of interface circuit is housed in the band unthreaded hole (14) that is connected with rectangle frame (1).

Give each each pearl of inverted Y-shaped unit with fixed numbers, the combination between each pearl can make each inverted Y-shaped cell list illustrate 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9; With the distributional pattern of each inverted Y-shaped unit four pearl directly represent visually the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image " one " " | " " Pie " " Dian " "

" " mouth " " Qian " "

" " ten ", original function manipulation key, non-productive operation key, memory cell key, storage algebraic operation function key can only directly be imported with three forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of each function Chinese-character canonical title with three unit on the electronic calculator like this, connect the contact of required function.

The structure of interface circuit comprises: the photoelectric conversion circuit (16) of a light signal that is used for receiving on the input disc numeral and form of a stroke or a combination of strokes input operation and produces, the delay, the zero padding circuit (19) that are subjected to radix point positioning circuit (18) restriction that are subjected to time clock distributor circuit (17) control that joins with photoelectric conversion circuit (16), when if input signal is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes: a coding circuit (20) that is connected with delay, zero padding circuit (19), a photoelectric coupling switch (21) that joins with coding circuit (20) is connected the strong contact of the nonnumeric class of electronic calculator; When if input signal is numeral: a photoelectric coupling switch (21) that joins with delay, zero padding circuit (19) is connected the contact of electronic calculator numeral generic key.

2, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: rectangle frame (1), wide beam (4), last narrow beam (5), following narrow beam (6) end box (15) are made by nonconducting duroplasts.

3, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: go up lever (8) and following lever (10) and make by bamboo pole.The effective length of last lever (8) is 3: 2 with the ratio of the effective length of following lever (10).

4, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12), pearl (13) all is bonded together by shading side's sheet (22) of a rhombus pearl and angle groove and forms down.

5, according to the said device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the anti-dazzling screen of angle groove (22) is clipped two jiaos so that the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) and do not influence the control to unthreaded hole of the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and last pearl (12) when moving up and down.

6, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), last pearl (12), following pearl (13) are made by general bead material.

7, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: unthreaded hole (14) is driveed on the upper surface (23) of end box (15).

8, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) and following pearl (13) four unthreaded holes of correspondence respectively, each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up and always only reveal two unthreaded holes (14) when pearl (12) and following pearl (13) move to separately extreme position respectively.

9, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: a magazine (24) all is housed below per two unthreaded holes (14), a photoelectric tube is housed in each magazine.

10, function type and program type electronic calculator, it is made up of arithmetical unit, memory, input media, output unit and controller.It is characterized in that: input media is made up of input disc and an interface circuit of a special rechoning by the abacus formula.

Input disc comprises a rectangle frame (1), one the wide beam (4) of rectangle frame (1) five equilibrium top (2) and lower part (3), the last narrow beam (5) that top (2) are separated, the following narrow beam (6) that lower part (3) are separated, between some upper ledges (7) that are installed in rectangle frame (1) and the last narrow beam (5) and be installed in last lever (8) between wide beam (4) and the following narrow beam (6), the some following levers (10) that are installed between the lower frame (9) between narrow beam (5) and the wide beam (4) and that be installed in down narrow beam (6) and rectangle frame (1), the radical of following lever (10) is 2 times of last lever (8), lever on each root (8) is installed with a decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and a last pearl (12) that can freely move up and down, and lever under each root (10) is installed with a following pearl (13) that can freely move up and down.Lever on each root (8), two following levers (10) and (11) one of a decorative pearl on top of an official cap are gone up (12) two following pearls of pearl (13) and are constituted an inverted Y-shaped unit.One be connected with rectangle frame (1) in the end box (15) of interface circuit is housed.

Give each each pearl of inverted Y-shaped unit with fixed numbers, the combination between each pearl can make each inverted Y-shaped cell list illustrate 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9; With the distributional pattern of each inverted Y-shaped unit four pearl directly represent visually the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image " " " | " "/" " " "

" " mouth " " Qian " "

" "+", original function manipulation key, non-productive operation key, memory cell key, storage algebraic operation function key can only directly be imported with three forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of each function Chinese-character canonical title with three unit on the electronic calculator like this, connect the contact of required function.

The structure of interface circuit comprises: one is used for receiving on the input disc numeral and form of a stroke or a combination of strokes input operation and produces the contact switch (25) of electric signal, an electromagnetic switch circuit (26) that joins with contact switch (25), one is subjected to the delay of the monostalbe trigger combination of radix point positioning circuit restriction with the output of electromagnetic switch circuit (26) as input, zero padding circuit (28), one and electromagnetic switch circuit (26) when if input signal is pen (29) shape, the delay of monostalbe trigger combination, the coding circuit (30) that zero padding circuit (28) joins, a photoelectric coupling switch (31) that joins with coding circuit (30) is connected the contact of the nonnumeric generic key of electronic calculator; If input signal is when being numeral: the numeric class keyed jointing point of photoelectric coupling switch (31) the connection electronic calculator that delay zero-padding circuit (28) with the combination of electromagnetic switch circuit (26) monostalbe trigger joins.

11, according to the said device of claim 10, it is characterized in that: rectangle frame (1), wide beam (4), last narrow beam (5), following narrow beam (6), end box (15) are made by nonconducting duroplasts.

12, according to the said device of claim 10, it is characterized in that: going up lever (8) is to be enclosed within on the bamboo pole by three brass light wall pipes (33) that two insulation tubes (32) separate to make, following lever (10) is to be with the long insulation tube (32) of 2mm-3mm by the centre, two ends are with that the bamboo pole of two brass light wall pipes (33) makes, and draw two leads respectively from every two ends copper pipe that is enclosed within lever (8) and following lever (10).

13, according to the said device of claim 10, it is characterized in that: the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), last pearl (12), following pearl (13) all are rhombus beads (34) of being made by general bead material.

14, according to the said device of claim 13, it is characterized in that: rhombus bead (34) center has circular hole, and the inwall in hole embeds the latten brass pipe.

15, according to the said device of claim 10, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of end box (15) has entrance hole (35).

16, according to the said device of claim 15, it is characterized in that: entrance hole (35) is opened on the correspondence position at last lever (8) and following lever (10) two ends.

17, small-sized computer, the particularly computer that can import English, Japanese, Russian, Chinese character, it is made up of input media, output unit, CPU (central processing unit) (cpu), auxiliary memory.It is characterized in that: input disc that input media is made of several key groups and special function keys (36) and zero key (37) and interface circuit are formed.

Input disc is by a digital key groups (38), and two alphabet key groups (39), several literal key groups (40), zero key (37) and special function keys (36) that are arranged in rectangle are formed.

A square key groups giving 4 buttons (41) composition of fixed numbers on the input disc is a unit, and digital (38) alphabet key groups of key groups (39) and a literal key groups (40) are respectively unit.Can express numeral 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 with a digital key groups (38) and zero key (37); Just can express 26 letters of English and Japanese katakana with two alphabet key groups (39), 33 letters of Russian; Directly represent the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image visually with the combination form of four buttons (41) of each literal key groups (40).Like this, several literal key groups (40) can be expressed literal in each row, and several literal key groups (40) can be represented fixed phrases in each row.

The structure of interface circuit comprises: one be connected with contact under original each button of computing machine by four special switches (42) and some decoding scheme (43) and the coding circuits (20) that lead is formed.

18, according to the said device of claim 17, it is characterized in that: digital keys group (38), the prism that alphabet key group (39) and literal key groups (40) are equilateral right-angle triangles by four cross sections giving fixed numbers respectively all are that button (41) is formed.

19, according to the said device of claim 17, it is characterized in that: button (41) is to have a conductive rubber (45) by its bottom surface that nonconducting a kind of plastics are made.A circular groove (44) has been dug at the center of button (41) upper surface.

20, according to the said device of claim 17, it is characterized in that: four special switches (42) are by two docking points i.e. a normal opened contact (46) and a normally closed contact (47) formation, these two switch alternations, this is because the each unidirectional mobile distance of button (41) is no less than 5 millimeters (mm).Interface circuit is contained in end box (48) lining below the input disc.

21, small-sized computer, the particularly computer that can import English, Japanese, Russian, Chinese character, it is made up of input media, output unit, CPU (central processing unit) (cpu), auxiliary memory.It is characterized in that: input disc and an interface circuit that input media is made up of a special abacus and special function keys (36) and one zero key (37) are formed.

Special abacus comprises a rectangle frame (49), three are divided into the tetrameric wide beams in (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) to rectangle frame (49), four respectively the narrow beam (55) of four parts (50) (51) (52) (53) five equilibrium, some pass narrow beam (55) by the upper ledge of rectangle frame (49) (56) lower frame (57), the lever (58) that wide beam (54) is fixed, pass every lever (58) occupy in narrow beam (55) a pearl that can freely move up and down (59) arranged up and down, the end box (61) of interface circuit is housed in the band unthreaded hole bar (60) that is connected with rectangle frame (49).

Per two levers (58) and on four pearls (59) constitute a unit and with it arranged side by side zero key (37) input digit of a unit with part (53), give each pearl and can represent 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 with the combination between fixed numbers 1,2,2,4 each pearl; With the distributional pattern of each unit four pearl (59) directly represent visually the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal "-" " | " " Pie " "

" "

" " Qian " "

" " mouth " " ten " and alphabetical pen type.So only just can import 26 letters of English, Japanese katakana, 33 letters of Russian, with some unit input Chinese character and common phrase with two unit.

The structure of interface circuit comprises: the photoelectricity conversion electrical equipment (16) of a light signal that is used for receiving on the input disc numeral and form of a stroke or a combination of strokes input operation and produces, the delay, the zero padding circuit (19) that are subjected to radix point positioning circuit (18) restriction that are subjected to time clock distributor circuit (17) control that joins with photoelectric conversion circuit (16), when if input signal is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes: a coding circuit (20) that is connected with delay, zero padding circuit (19), a photoelectric coupling switch (21) that joins with coding circuit (20) is connected the contact of robot calculator non-numeric key; When if input signal is numeral: a photoelectric coupling switch (21) that joins with delay, zero padding circuit (19) is connected the contact of robot calculator numeric class.

22, according to the said device of claim 21, it is characterized in that: rectangle frame (49), wide beam (54), narrow beam (55), pearl (59), end box (61) are all made by a kind of nonconducting duroplasts.

23, according to the said device of claim 21, it is characterized in that: lever (58) is made by bamboo pole, and the length of lever (58) should be the thickness of 2 times of pearls (59).Two levers distances that constitute a unit than the distance between two unit little 2 millimeters-4 millimeters so that identification.

24, according to the said device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: pearl (59) is bonded together by shading side's sheet (62) of a rhombus pearl and angle groove and forms.The rhombus pearl is made by general pearl material.

25, according to the said device of claim 24, it is characterized in that: the width up and down of shading side's sheet (62) of angle groove is a narrow beam (55) to half of the distance of the upper ledge (56) of rectangle frame (49).

26, according to the said device of claim 21, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of end box (61) has and the corresponding unthreaded hole bar of every pearl (60), each pearl (59) moves up and down and always only reveals a unthreaded hole bar when reaching the limit of the position, and the width of unthreaded hole bar (60) is less than half of shading side's sheet (62) width of pearl.

27, according to the said device of claim 26, it is characterized in that: near two row's unthreaded holes of narrow beam (55), the circuit of this two rows unthreaded hole is cut off when not doing subtraction.

28, according to the said device of claim 21, it is characterized in that below each unthreaded hole bar a magazine (63) being housed all, a photoelectric tube is housed in each magazine.

29, function type and program type electronic calculator, it is by arithmetical unit, memory, input media, output unit and controller are formed.It is characterized in that: input media is made up of the input disc of a special rechoning by the abacus formula and interface circuit.

Input disc comprises a rectangle frame (1), a wide beam (4) that rectangle frame (1) is divided into top (2) and lower part (3), the last narrow beam (5) that top (2) are separated, the following narrow beam (6) that lower part (3) are separated, between some upper ledges (7) that are installed in rectangle frame (1) and the last narrow beam (5) and be installed in last lever (8) between wide beam (4) and the following narrow beam (6), the some following levers (10) that are installed between the lower frame (9) between narrow beam (5) and the wide beam (4) and that be installed in down narrow beam (6) and rectangle frame (1), the radical of following lever (10) is 2 times of radical of going up lever (8), lever on each root (8) is installed with a decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and a last pearl (12) that can freely move up and down, and lever under each root (10) is installed with a following pearl (13) that can freely move up and down.Lever on each root (8), two following levers (10) and (11) one of a decorative pearl on top of an official cap are gone up (12) two following pearls of pearl (13) and are constituted an inverted Y-shaped unit.The chassis (15) of interface circuit is housed in the band unthreaded hole (14) that is connected with rectangle frame (1).

Give each each pearl of inverted Y-shaped unit with fixed numbers, combination between each pearl can make each inverted Y-shaped cell list illustrate 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, the distributional pattern of each inverted Y-shaped unit four pearl directly represent visually the various forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of literal and topology image "-" " | " " Pie " " " " " " mouth " " Qian " " " " ten "; " original function manipulation key, non-productive operation key, memory cell key, storage algebraic operation function key can only directly be imported with three forms of a stroke or a combination of strokes of each function Chinese-character canonical title with three unit on the electronic calculator like this, connect the contact of required function.

The structure of interface circuit comprises: the position switch (64) that can accept input signal, (66) clock signal generators of decoding scheme (67) that are subjected to time sequential pulse divider (65) control that join with position switch (64) join with time sequential pulse divider (65).A coupled switch (68) that joins with decoding scheme (66) is the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes as if input signal, a coding circuit (27) that joins with coupled switch (68), the contact of the nonnumeric generic key of connection robot calculator; If input signal is a numeral, coupled switch (68) joins with the numeric class keyed jointing point of robot calculator.

30, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: rectangle frame (1), wide beam (4), last narrow beam (5), following narrow beam (6) end box (15) are made by nonconducting duroplasts.

31, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: go up lever (8) and following lever (10) and make by bamboo pole.The ratio of the effective length of the effective length of following lever (10) and last lever (8) is 2: 3.

32, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) down pearl (13) all be bonded together and form by shading side's sheet (22) of a rhombus pearl and angle groove.

33, according to the said device of claim 32, it is characterized in that: shading side's sheet (22) of angle groove is clipped two corners so that the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), go up pearl (12) and do not influence the control to unthreaded hole (14) of the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11) and last pearl (12) when moving up and down.

34, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: the decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), last pearl (12), following pearl (13) are made by general bead material.

35, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: unthreaded hole (14) is driveed on the upper surface (23) of end box (15).

36, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: each decorative pearl on top of an official cap (11), last pearl (12) and the respectively corresponding unthreaded hole (14) of following pearl (13).

37, according to the said device of claim 29, it is characterized in that: a magazine (24) all is housed below each unthreaded hole (14), a photoelectric tube is housed in each magazine.

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