CN85100744A - The solar water heater of high heat preservation performance - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of solar water heater of high heat preservation performance belongs to helioplant.This water heater is by absorbing solar energy and storing the glass vacuum heat collecting bottle of hot water and appended W shape sunshine reflecting plate constitutes.It need not be followed the tracks of and can obtain high-temperature-hot-water or boiling water and keep its temperature to descend extremely slow in the four seasons, has solved that general solar water heater water-temperature is low, cost is high, awkward problem.

Description

The solar water heater of high heat preservation performance

The invention belongs to helioplant.

The heat-insulating property of general solar water heater is relatively poor.For fear of this shortcoming, and the water heater that many at present employing glass heat-collecting vacuum tubes are heat trap (referring to United States Patent (USP) 3,227,153,3,981,293,3,957,029,3,983,861,4,016,860,3,960,136,4,134,391,4,409,964,4,339,484), can use in cold season.But this water heater manufacturing cost is higher, complex structure, generally all need the water pump of special consumed power to force water to be heated constantly to circulate, particularly all need other thermal storage water tank, use more insulation material, increased cost, the application of this kind solar facilities is very limited.

The objective of the invention is to keep the advantage of vaccum thermal insulation technique,, remove additional thermal storage water tank and water pump from, and still can obtain the temperature that the very high hot water of temperature also keeps hot water well by the design of novelty.

Main points of the present invention are at first to utilize the less shape of volume or diameter large mouth portion to be similar to the parts of the glass vacuum heat collecting bottle (1) of daily glass liner of thermos (length and phasing not of uniform size are together) as thermal-arrest and storage hot water, thereby need not set up the container of other storage hot water.Water temperature rises slower when shining upon in the bottle but vacuum heat-collecting bottle (abbreviation bottle) is because of diameter makes than conference, therefore another main points of the present invention are in the bottle back, install ω shape sunshine reflecting plate (abbreviation reflector) (2) additional, to increase harvest energy, (referring to Fig. 1).

The glass vacuum heat collecting bottle is the nature of glass, is made of interior bottle (3) and outer blank (4), and interior bottle bottleneck and outer blank bottleneck are welded together, and constitute the bottleneck (5) of vacuum heat-collecting bottle, and its diameter is less than interior bottle body diameter.Gap between interior bottle and the outer blank is a vacuum.Water or other liquid to be heated and that heated are stored in the interior bottle.Solar radiation sees through outer blank and is radiated on the interior bottle, and an interior bottle bottle wall reaches liquid with heat.An interior bottle outer surface can have dark solar energy absorbing coating (6) (referring to Fig. 2), this coating can be dark non-selective solar energy absorbing coating (solar radiation absorptivity and 10 ℃ of-100 ℃ of following thermal emissivities is all higher), also can be slective solar energy absorbing coating (10 ℃ of-100 ℃ of following thermal emissivities are starkly lower than the solar radiation absorptivity).In bottle itself also can make or interior bottle inner surface has a dark coating (7) by dark glass, in it bottle outer surface or outer blank inner surface can have a solar selectively to see through coating (8) (the solar radiation transmitance is higher, and the normal temperature thermal emissivity is lower.For example be the coating of main component with tin oxide), interior bottle outer surface also can have one deck selective permeation coating.

Bottleneck can cover with bottle stopper or bottle cap when the present invention used, and also can be connected with aqueduct; The geometry axis and the earth axis angle of bottle generally are no more than 235 °.Above-mentioned ω shape reflector is installed in bottle that face of the sun dorsad, two curved surfaces by symmetry or near symmetrical constitute, how much axis of its axis of symmetry and bottle are substantially parallel, curved surface gradually reverses extension to the rear flank to-side direction-side forward direction by bottle, its curvature satisfies following requirement: on the cross section (referring to Fig. 3) of curved surface and bottle, the angle theta of the tangent line of any point and the tangent line of the interior bottle outer surface of crossing this point generally is equal to or slightly greater than or less than the right angle on the curved surface.Reflector also can be made into the shape that is equal to or is similar to involute surface (promptly belonging to above-mentioned angle theta among Fig. 3 all is at or about the right angle at each point situation), and the pairing diameter of a circle of this involute surface equals the diameter of bottle outer surface in the bottle; Compare with this involute, reflector can be smaller slightly apart from the curvature of bottle part far away or far away slightly, to obtain more solar radiation.ω shape reflecting plate of the presently claimed invention can make this water heater when Chao Nan (can be by east or to the west) fixed placement, do not need torsional direction, just can guarantee all to be reflected on the interior bottle from the sunlight major part that drops on the reflector inner surface or the overwhelming majority of different directions (within ± 90 °).

For the fixed support bottle can use pressing plate and base plate; Pressing plate and base plate can be writing board shape, can be with flanging, also can be circle or other surface of revolution shapes; Pressing plate all has a center hole, bottleneck is therefrom exposed and pressing plate is pressed in the shoulder of bottle; On the base plate recess or annular projection can be arranged, be beneficial to fixedly bottle body bottom; Position in that bottle and pressing plate or base plate or other parts contact can be lined with gentle matter pad or gentle matter packing ring.

Pressing plate can connect by vertical back plate or vertical rear pillar mutually with base plate; Back plate or rear pillar surface forward can have reflecting power or reflector layer is arranged, and can have double involute curved surface or the approximate gradually shape of the property opened curved surface, and the pairing diameter of a circle of this involute surface equates with bottle in the bottle.

Pressing plate also can connect by the connecting rod more than mutually with base plate, and connecting rod can be vertical, also can be tilting or intersection or crooked; What connecting rod can be with gentle matter is difficult for fraying the sleeve pipe of glass.

Reflector can be installed on pressing plate or base plate or the rear pillar, also can make the pressing plate of each bottle, base plate and reflector according to an integral body, and this integral body can be that punching press, mold pressing or an injection molded come out.

Water heater of the present invention can be single bottle or many bottles.Single bottle be convenient to moved, and also is convenient to the hot water in the bottle is toppled over out.The reflector of single bottle water heater can be fixed, and also can be movable, can close up around the both sides of bottle or bottle, can protect bottle not to be bruised with easy to use.Movable reflector can approach and high resilience can be closed up in bending, also can be hinge in together by two parts or a few part.

The movable reflector of each bottle can be two of symmetry, and these two reflectors can directly be hinged on pressing plate and the base plate, also can be hinged on separately between pressing plate and the base plate same or different two connecting rods, also can be articulated on back plate or the rear pillar; Wherein each piece reflector also can form by front and back two parts are hinged, and forward part can bend inwards.

Be in due position when movable reflector is opened, the trailing edge of pressing plate can have downward flanging or projection, and the trailing edge of base plate also can have flanging or projection upwards, can keep off the back at reflector upper limb or lower edge.

On the movable reflector resilient reed or hook can also be housed, the reflector that closes up can be blocked mutually or be stuck on certain root connecting rod; Also can be on reflector or install the small bits of iron magnetisable material additional at bottle or connecting rod or pressing plate or base plate somewhere, utilize its magnetic force to keep the state that closes up of reflector.

Also can adorn a U-shaped elastic wire at reflector twisting place, the two ends of steel wire directly or by other extension springs or chain link hang over by on the reflector of twisting or the miscellaneous part, and the convergent force of this U-shaped elastic wire or extension spring can make reflector keep opening or closing up state.

Movable reflector also can be by the following manner twisting: other positions of water heater (as pressing plate or base plate etc.) of the small pieces in the tape spool hole vertical with turning cylinder of being stretched out by reflector and small pieces same with holes that another reflector stretches out or fixed bias circuit are adjacent to; This die surfaces can be lined with the minipad that increases frictional force,

Turning cylinder passes the hole on small pieces and the minipad, and turning cylinder also can be pin, rivet or screw; These small pieces can be single or multiple lift, and the assembling that can overlap with the same small pieces of another reflector to increase frictional force, makes reflector keep existing folding position.

For easy to use, said single bottle of water heater can have a handle, and handle can be installed on pressing plate or base plate or vertical back plate or vertical rear pillar or the connecting rod, also can directly be bonded on the bottle (bottle hour).Can make rear pillar double as handle, should make rear pillar suitable distance be arranged or have essential curved shape apart from bottle this moment.

Can also be on water heater a hinged handle.Handle can be U-shaped, also can be M shape; This water heater on handle, one or more barb or bending can be arranged, so that can hang use; Handle also can be folded to the rear, makes the usefulness of supports when tilt placing, and handle should be selected the length share at this moment.

Certainly in order to make this water heater be convenient to tilt to place, also can load onto can movable U-shaped support, can open or turn up, and this support can be hinged on base plate or pressing plate or rear pillar or the back plate.

For the ease of pouring, bottleneck also can be equipped with horn mouth, can be lined with packing ring between bottleneck and the horn mouth.Bottleneck can have bottle stopper maybe can cover the bottle cap of whole bottleneck.Bottle stopper can be made with flexible material such as rubber, plastics, corks.Can have a gas port or to pass the air guide tubule of bottle stopper on the bottle stopper, the end of this air guide tubule in bottle can be near the front side of bottle shoulder, is beneficial to discharge be heated gas that Shi Shuizhong produces or steam or because of the water of expansion under holding not.But on this bottle stopper also one of plug-in mounting can measure and show the thermometer of high water temperature whether once arrived boiling point so that the user judges the water temperature in the bottle, the structure of this thermometer and operation principle and clinical thermometer are similar.

Bottleneck can also install pressure dam additional, the used pressure dam of pressure dam that the ordinary thermos bottle of selling on its structure and principle and the domestic market at present is used or vapour-pressure type (air pressing type) vacuum flask is identical, by gland, form with the bellows wall cavity of soft air inlet and chock plug and conduit and outer cover.During use gland is depressed, hot water can flow out from conduit.

But bottle also suit is fixed in a transparent outer cover or the lattice-shaped shell, and light can shine on the bottle by the hole of this transparent outer cover and lattice-shaped shell.Can jug or handle on the shell.Shell can hang over independently on the ω shape reflector easily or take off, and also can hang over light ω shape reflector on the shell or takes off.

Water heater of the present invention also can be formed with upper bottle body and corresponding reflector by two.Each bottle can be by the aqueduct UNICOM in the feeding bottleneck together, and UNICOM's mode can be series connection, also can be parallel connection, but also series and parallel is used with.One total outlet pipe and water inlet manifold can be arranged after the UNICOM.Aqueduct can be used with the also available soft pipe of stereoplasm tube or two kinds of pipes.The entry mouth of pipe of each bottle generally can extend near the bottom in the bottle, and the top that effluent pipe mouth generally should be in bottle.Oral siphon and outlet pipe all can be sealed in bottleneck by bottle stopper or encapsulant (for example epoxy resin).When the water in bottle temperature rise when temperature required, to the water inlet manifold water flowing, hot water will be seen off from total outlet pipe automatically.

In order to prevent that the too high and phenomenon of breaking of hydraulic pressure from appearring in bottle, can divide at a certain position of total oral siphon to pick out an overflow pipe, this Guan Keyu one pressure limiting safety overflow valve is communicated with, and when hydraulic pressure is excessive, this valve will be opened draining automatically and reduce pressure.Overflow pipe also can directly extend upwardly to 1 meter-8 meters height without the pressure limiting safety overflow valve and open wide the mouth of pipe (mouth of pipe also can emptyly cover a dust cover), also can play pressure limiting overflow effect.

The support component of combined bottle water heater body and reflector can be made an integral body, and this integral body can be by plate moulding, be stamped to form or injection molded.The top of this integral body has the groove or the recess of setting-in bottle and has the needed surface configuration of reflector.This integral body and bottle can bond together, and near upper cover plate the also available bottleneck or near the clamp the bottle body bottom are fixed bottle, or with wire or lanyard.

The water heater that no matter is used in combination still is the water heater of a plurality of single bottle of uses, band pressing plate and base plate on every bottle, can arrange to be fixed on the framework and (trailing edge of pressing plate and base plate is stuck on the framework), wherein the water heater of said single bottle of use also comprises the water heater of the movable reflector of band.

Support the framework of bottle or support that integral body can have movable leg, maybe can be installed on the bracing frame, make this framework or integral body can change pitch angle degree even upset by axle.

Above combined type water heater or the place ahead, can have one can be forward or resupinate reflective protective plate, and pivot center is roughly East and West direction; When opening, can be on bottle with sunlight reflected, can cover when closed on the combination bottle, to prevent under bad weather destruction bottle.This reflective protective plate angle in open can be adjusted, to adapt to the needs of Various Seasonal.

The bottleneck of combined type water heater and near aqueduct can use the protection pressing plate of band groove to cover completely, and insulation material be made or be filled with to this protection pressing plate can with insulation material.For prevent cold season aqueduct because of freezing bursting by freezing, in pipe, can be plugged with the strip or the tubulose elastomeric material of rubber strip or rubber tube or other heat-resisting water, its sectional area accounts for 10%～50% of water guide tube chamber sectional area.

The reflector of water heater of the present invention and reflective protective plate can be made by the metal material with reflecting power, also can coat or plate or deposit reflector layer or paste light reflecting membrane and make this reflector at ordinary metallic material or non-metal material surface.Medium or coating or film that layer of transparent can also be arranged on the reflecting surface of this reflector are difficult for being worn with the protection reflecting surface.The reflecting surface of reflector all can be sticked on light reflecting membrane on the surface after long-time use wearing and tearing.

The present invention has compared following outstanding advantage with existing apparatus for heating water by solar energy:

At first, make that this water heater can both obtain the very high hot water of temperature throughout the year in the sunny day in North China because the present invention has utilized the solar energy glass vacuum heat collecting bottle and the ω shape reflector of the bottleneck of thermal-arrest-storage heat seal one less than the body diameter.For example use the bottle of diameter, can obtain 100 ℃ boiling water at the 6 hours fine sunshine of Beijing January (not following the tracks of solar direction) as 10cm.(comprise the solar vacuum glass tube water heater, after 12 hours, 100 ℃ hot water is only reduced to about 70 ℃, can use for second day daytime in the seasoning in night in the bottle by temperature significantly better than existing other water heaters for its heat-insulating property.

Secondly, because the present invention has removed parts such as thermal storage water tank from, obviously reduced manufacturing cost.And can utilize with the akin technology of ordinary thermos bottle and make, can adopt the existing equipment and the technology of vacuum flask factory in a large number, thereby the manufacturing cost of bottle only be same thermal-arrest surface area the vacuum glass heat collection tube body about 1/4th, the water heater invented can be used for the numerous ordinarily residents of the very not high China of purchasing power.

In addition, especially single bottle of water heater of the movable reflector of band is very easy to use in the present invention.Be placed on outdoor the personnel selection morning and look after, can obtain boiling water afternoon, and can use as ordinary thermos bottle.Therefore, this water heater is not only applicable to some outlying district and the rural area of lack of fuel, is applicable to China urban area yet.

This specification has accompanying drawing 15 width of cloth.Description of drawings and embodiment are as follows:

Fig. 1 represents the essential structure principle of the present invention.Wherein (1) is bottle, and (2) are ω shape reflector, and (8) are interior bottle, and (4) are outer blank, and (5) are bottleneck.(9) be bottle stopper.

Fig. 2 is bottle and part sectioned view thereof, the distributing position of expression coating.

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of bottle and ω shape reflector.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of embodiment of the water heater of a movable reflector.

Fig. 5 is the water heater profile (reflector does not draw) of band rear pillar.

Fig. 6 is the water heater profile (reflector does not draw) of band back plate.

Fig. 7 represents a kind of articulated manner of two movable reflectors.

Fig. 8 closes up the schematic diagram of the dual mode of state for maintenance activity reflector.

Fig. 9 is the difform schematic diagram of handle.

Figure 10 represents horn mouth on the bottleneck and the bottle stopper of being with air guide tubule and thermometer.

Figure 11 is the pressure dam structural representation

Figure 12 represents to be placed on the bottle of the band light transmitting shell on the reflector carriage, and bottleneck has a duckbilled bottle cap (40).

Figure 13 represents the aqueduct UNICOM mode of many bottles, and reflector does not draw.

Figure 14 is a kind of integral body that comprises support component and reflector of combined type water heater.

Figure 15 represents a kind of combined type water heater with reflective protective plate.

Referring to Fig. 4-6, bottle is generally fixing by pressing plate (10) base plate (11), and base plate can have annular projection (19) or recess (20).Contact bottle position can add gentle matter pad (21) or packing ring.Pressing plate and base plate can be connected by rear pillar (12) or back plate (13) or connecting rod (14), but jug (15) or handle (16).Bottleneck can be adorned horn mouth (18).Reflector can be fixed, also can employing activity reflector (17), can serve as axle hinged (as Fig. 4) with a connecting rod of back, also can be hinged: small pieces with holes (23) are arranged on the movable reflector, can directly it is hinged together and be fixed on base plate (11) or the pressing plate with screw (24) according to the mode of Fig. 7.Can serve as a contrast gentle matter minipad on the small pieces with holes and increase frictional force.

Referring to Fig. 8, close up state in order to keep movable reflector, can between two reflectors, carry additionally U-shaped elastic wire (25); Also flexible reed (26) can be housed onboard, can be stuck on the connecting rod, when opening, reflector can lean against back plate (13) and go up or lean against on pressing plate or the base plate flap downward or upward.

Handle can be selected four kinds of forms shown in Figure 9 ((37), (38) of buckle that comprise U-shaped (35), M shape (36) and band folding hook) or other forms for use, wherein three kinds by bottom all have downward bending or hook, can be convenient to bottle is hung on outdoor pole or the horizontal iron wire that draws.

Bottleneck can add shape horn mouth (18) as shown in figure 10, optional gentle matter packing ring (22).Bottle stopper shown in Figure 10 (9) can be selected for use, air guide tubule (27) and thermometer (28) can be installed with above.

Also can select pressure dam shown in Figure 11 for use, this pressure dam is by gland (31), form with the cavity (32) of soft air inlet (30) and chock plug (33) and conduit (34) and outer cover (29).

Bottle can put the lattice-shaped shell (39) of printing opacity, its reflector (2) can be made the grillage of many reflectors of band bracket (41) bottom plate (42) according to the pattern of Figure 12, the bottle of band shell can be placed on the grillage or easily and take off (referring to Figure 12).

Referring to Figure 13.The system of UNICOM of combined bottle water heater body comprises: inlet valve (43), water inlet manifold (44), prevent the too high overflow pipe of hydraulic pressure (45) and dust cover (46), total outlet pipe (47); Pipeline is a series-parallel system; Each bottle all is connected to oral siphon (48) and outlet pipe (49), and the entry mouth of pipe (50) is by the bottle end, and effluent pipe mouth (51) is near bottleneck.

The support component of combined bottle water heater body and reflector can be made into an overall structure, can be by plate moulding, be stamped to form or injection molded (seeing Figure 14), groove (53) and the recess (52) of laying bottle can be arranged above, and middle part (54) have the required shape of reflective surface.Can utilize upper cover plate (55) and clamp (56) that bottle is fixed.Upper cover plate can be made with heat-insulating material, can prevent that aqueduct from freezing.

Combined type water heater also can adopt form shown in Figure 15.A reflective protective plate (57) that can overturn southwards can be installed in its north side, and its southern side can be installed a reflective protective plate (58) that can overturn northwards, can adjust the angle of this plate, also this plate can be covered on bottle.

Claims (32)

1, a kind of solar water heater with the sunlight reflected plate is characterized in that said water heater is made up of glass vacuum heat collecting bottle (hereinafter to be referred as bottle) and ω shape sunlight reflected plate (hereinafter to be referred as reflector); Its vitreous bottle is made of interior bottle and outer blank, interior bottle bottleneck and outer blank bottleneck are welded together, constitute the bottleneck of glass vacuum heat collecting bottle, its diameter is less than interior bottle body diameter, and interior bottle outer surface or inner surface have dark solar energy absorbing coating or interior bottle originally as dark color; Gap between interior bottle and the outer blank is a vacuum; Said water heater is made of single bottle or a plurality of bottle; The geometry axis and the earth axis angle of bottle generally is no more than 23.5 ° during use; Said reflector is contained in bottle that face of the sun dorsad, is made of two curved surfaces of symmetry or near symmetrical, and how much axis of its axis of symmetry and bottle are substantially parallel; Curved surface gradually reverses extension to the rear flank to-side direction-side forward direction by bottle, its curvature satisfies following requirement: on the cross section of curved surface and bottle, the angle theta of the tangent line of any point and the tangent line of the interior bottle outer surface of crossing this point is general on the curved surface waits or is a bit larger tham or less than the right angle; During use, reflector and bottle can need not change institute to direction towards south or placement to the west by east, and the most of sunlight that drops on the reflector inner surface from different directions (between ± 90 °) all is reflected on the interior bottle; The interior bottle of the bottle of this kind water heater holds water or other liquid to be heated or that heated, and the function that has thermal-arrest concurrently and store hot water does not need additional other thermal storage water tank.

2, according to the described solar water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that the reflector of this kind water heater can be made the shape that is equal to or is similar to involute surface, the pairing diameter of a circle of this involute surface equals the diameter of bottle outer surface in the bottle; Compare with this involute surface, reflector is far away slightly and can be smaller slightly apart from the curvature of bottle part far away apart from bottle, penetrates to obtain the more solar energy width of cloth.

3, according to the described solar water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that in its bottle that a bottle outer surface is coated with or plate or institute's coating deposited can be dark non-selective solar energy absorbing coating (solar radiation absorptivity and 10 ℃ of-100 ℃ of following thermal emissivities is all higher), also can be slective solar energy absorbing coating (the normal temperature thermal emissivity is starkly lower than the solar radiation absorptivity).

4, according to the described solar water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottle outer surface can have one deck solar selectively to see through coating in its bottle, this coating has higher solar transmittance and lower normal temperature heat radiation emissivity, and this kind coating also can be applied on the bottle outer blank endosexine.

5,, it is characterized in that to have pressing plate and base plate according to the described solar water heater of claim 1; Pressing plate and base plate can be writing board shape, can be with flanging, also can be circle or other surface of revolution shapes; Pressing plate all has a center hole, makes pressing plate can be pressed in the shoulder of bottle and bottleneck exposes; Base plate is held the bottom of bottle, a recess can be arranged on the base plate or an annular projection is arranged, and is beneficial to fixedly bottle body bottom; At the position that bottle contacts with pressing plate or base plate, can be lined with gentle matter pad, gentle matter packing ring.

6,, it is characterized in that it is an integral body that pressing plate and base plate can connect by vertical back plate or vertical rear pillar according to the described water heater of claim 1; Back plate or rear pillar surface forward can have reflecting power or reflector layer is arranged, and can have the shape of double involute curved surface or approximate Double involute surface, and the pairing diameter of a circle of this involute surface equates with bottle in the bottle.

7, according to the described water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that can having between said pressing plate and the base plate connecting rod more than one or, pressing plate and base plate are bound up; Connecting rod can be vertical, also can be tilting or intersection or crooked; What connecting rod can be with gentle matter is difficult for fraying the sleeve pipe of glass.

8,, it is characterized in that pressing plate, base plate and the reflector of each bottle can be an integral body according to the described water heater of claim 1; This integral body can be that attaching forms, and also can be that punching press or mold pressing or an injection molded come out.

9, according to the described water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that the appended reflector of each bottle can be movable, can close up around the both sides of bottle or bottle; This reflector can approach and high resilience can crooked be closed up, and also can be hinge in together by two parts or a few part.

10, according to the described water heater of claim 9, it is characterized in that the appended reflector of said each bottle can be two of symmetry, these two can directly be hinged on pressing plate and the base plate, also can be hinged on separately on the connecting rod between same or different two pressing plates and the base plate, also can be articulated on back plate or the rear pillar.

11, according to the described water heater of claim 10, it is characterized in that each piece in two reflectors of the symmetry that each bottle is appended can form by front and back two parts are hinged, the front portion can bend inwards.

12, according to the described water heater of claim 5, it is characterized in that the trailing edge of said pressing plate can have downward flanging or projection, can keep off back at the reflector upper limb; The trailing edge of said base plate can have flanging or projection upwards, can keep off the back at the reflector lower edge.

13, according to the described water heater of claim 9, it is characterized in that said reflector can be equipped with resilient reed or hook, the reflector that closes up can be blocked mutually or is stuck on the connecting rod; Also can be on reflector or install the small bits of iron magnetisable material additional at bottle or connecting rod or pressing plate or base plate somewhere, utilize its magnetic force to keep the state that closes up of reflector.

14, according to the described water heater of claim 10, can there be a U-shaped elastic wire at the twisting place that it is characterized in that said reflector, the two ends of this steel wire directly or by other extension springs or chain link hang over by on the reflector of twisting or the miscellaneous part, and the convergent force of this U-shaped elastic wire or extension spring can make reflector keep opening or closing up state.

15, according to the described water heater of claim 10, it is characterized in that described reflector can be by the following manner twisting: stretch out the small pieces in the tape spool hole vertical with turning cylinder by this reflector, other positions of water heater (as pressing plate or base plate etc.) of small pieces same with holes that these small pieces and another reflector stretch out or fixed bias circuit are adjacent to; Above-mentioned die surfaces can be lined with the minipad that increases frictional force; Turning cylinder passes the hole on these small pieces or the minipad, and this axle also can be pin, rivet or screw; These small pieces can be single or multiple lift, and the assembling that can overlap with the same small pieces of another reflector to increase frictional force, makes reflector keep existing folding position.

16,, it is characterized in that this water heater can have the leader, so that move or topple over according to the described water heater of claim 5; This handle can be contained on pressing plate or base plate or vertical back plate or vertical rear pillar or the connecting rod, also can directly be bonded on the bottle, also can allow and reserve certain interval between vertical rear pillar and the bottle, or certain bending is arranged, and making it to hold concurrently is handle.

17, according to the described water heater of claim 5, it is characterized in that this water heater can have a handle that is hinged on the pressing plate, this handle can be U-shaped, also can be M shape; On handle, one or more barb or bending can be arranged, so that hang conveniently; The length of handle may be selected to be is convenient to the double usefulness of doing support.

18, according to the described water heater of claim 5, it is characterized in that this water heater can have the U-shaped support that can turn up, be convenient to when opening tilt to place; This support can be hinged on base plate or pressing plate or rear pillar or the back plate.

19,, it is characterized in that said bottleneck can be with a horn mouth of being convenient to pouring, can be lined with packing ring between this horn mouth and the bottleneck according to the described water heater of claim 1.

20,, it is characterized in that to have the bottle stopper of the stifled bottleneck of a plug according to the described water heater of claim 1; This bottle stopper can be made with flexible material such as rubber, plastics, corks; This bottle can have a gas port, also can have an air guide tubule to pass this bottle stopper, and the end of this tubule in bottle can be near the front side of the shoulder of bottle, exhaust when being beneficial to tilt to use; Also can be inserted with one on this bottle stopper and can measure and show the thermometer of high water temperature; No matter have or not bottle stopper, can be furnished with a bottle cap that can cover bottleneck.

21, according to the described water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that said bottleneck can have a pressure dam, the used pressure dam of used pressure dam of ordinary thermos bottle salable or pneumatic vacuum flask (vacuum flask of calming the anger) is identical on the structure of this pressure dam and principle and the domestic market at present, by gland, form with the bellows wall cavity of soft air inlet and chock plug and conduit and outer cover.

22, according to the described water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that and to form with upper bottle body and corresponding reflector by two, each bottle can be by the aqueduct UNICOM in the feeding bottleneck together, UNICOM's mode can be series connection, also can be parallel connection, also but series and parallel is used with, and a total outlet pipe and a water inlet manifold can be arranged after the UNICOM; Aqueduct can be used with the also available soft pipe of stereoplasm tube or two kinds of pipes; The entry mouth of pipe of each bottle generally can extend near the interior bottom of bottle, and effluent pipe mouth generally should be at the bottle internal upper part; Oral siphon and outlet pipe can be by bottle stopper or encapsulant fixing seal in bottlenecks.

23, according to the described water heater of claim 22, its characteristics are that a certain position of its total oral siphon can be divided and pick out an overflow pipe, this Guan Keyu one pressure limiting safety overflow valve is communicated with, also can directly extend upwardly to 1 meter-8 meters height and worn-out open pipe mouth (this pipe mouth of pipe also can empty lid one dust cover), in order to avoid hydraulic pressure damage bottle when high.

24, according to the described water heater of claim 22, the support component and the reflector that it is characterized in that its each bottle can be an integral body, this integral body can be by plate moulding, be stamped to form or injection mo(u)lding, and the top of this integral body has the groove or the recess of setting-in bottle and have the needed surface configuration of reflector; This integral body and bottle can bond together, and also available metal silk or rope are tightened fixingly, and near upper cover plate the also available bottleneck or near the clamp the bottle body bottom are fixed bottle.

25,, it is characterized in that this water heater can be arranged to be fixed on the framework according to the described water heater of claim 5.

26,, it is characterized in that this water heater can be arranged to lay or be fixed in a little on the framework according to the described water heater of claim 9.

27, according to the described water heater of claim 22, it is characterized in that the supporting frame of said bottle or support that integral body can have movable leg, maybe can be installed on the bracing frame by axle, make this framework or integral body can change pitch angle degree even upset.

28, according to the described water heater of claim 22, it is characterized in that the top of bottle of water heater of said combination or the place ahead can have one can be forward or resupinate reflective protective plate, pivot center is roughly East and West direction, when opening, can be on bottle with sunlight reflected, can cover when closed on the combination bottle, to prevent under bad weather destruction bottle; This reflective protective plate angle in open also can be adjusted, to be fit to the needs of Various Seasonal.

29, according to the described water heater of claim 22, it is characterized in that using the protection pressing plate of band groove that bottleneck and near aqueduct are covered completely, insulation material be made or be filled with to this protection pressing plate can with insulation material.

30, according to the described water heater of claim 22, it is characterized in that to be inserted with in the used aqueduct strip or the tubulose elastomeric material of rubber strip or rubber tube or other heat-resisting water, the sectional area of this adhesive tape or sebific duct or other elastomeric materials accounts for the 10%-50% of this water guide tube chamber sectional area, so that can the spalling aqueduct during water freezing in aqueduct.

31, according to the described water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that said bottle can have transparent shell or lattice-shaped shell, light can shine on the bottle by the hole of this transparent outer cover or lattice-shaped shell.Shell is fixed on inside with bottle.Can jug or handle on the shell.Shell can hang over independently on the ω shape reflector easily or take off, and also can hang over light ω shape reflector on the shell or takes off.

32, according to the described solar water heater of (more than two or the two) claim of any part in whole claims of claim 1-31, its characteristics are that its sunlight reflected plate (reflector) or reflective protective plate can be made by the metal material with reflecting power, also can coat or plate or deposit reflector layer or paste light reflecting membrane and make this reflector at common metal material or non-metal material surface; The reflecting surface of this reflector can also have medium or the coating or the film of layer of transparent, is difficult for being worn with the protection reflecting surface; The reflecting surface of reflector all can be sticked on light reflecting membrane on the surface after long-time use wearing and tearing.

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