CN2904172Y

CN2904172Y - Demonstrator for basic optics

Info

Publication number: CN2904172Y
Application number: CN 200620024143
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温建华; 段毅
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yanshan University
Priority date: 2006-04-18
Filing date: 2006-04-18
Publication date: 2007-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2016-04-18

Abstract

A foundational optical demonstrator is to demonstrate the reflection, refraction and total reflection of the light ray. The foundational optical demonstrator comprises the base (7), the semiconductor laser lamps (4) L1 and (1) L2, the motor (15), the position limit switch (16) and unidirectional position limiter (19). The foundational optical demonstrator is characterized that the semicircle glass brick (2) is embedded into a sector hole of 270 degree at the center of the base (7) to switch the current direction with the position limit switch (16). The semicircle glass brick (2) could encircle the circle center to rotate. The center axle is fitted at the metal stand (6) which is fixed on the base (7). The semiconductor laser lamps (4) L1 and (1) L2 are respectively positioned exactly at the left of the semicircle glass brick (4) and exactly below the semicircle glass brick (4). The unidirectional position limiter (19) is fixed on the base (7) and could prevent the semicircle glass brick (2) from the rotation. The foundational optical demonstrator adopts the automation system to simplify the operation. The foundational optical demonstrator could not only activate the learning atmosphere but improve the student interest and passion for the learning and bring the great help to the teaching. The foundational optical demonstrator characterizes the simple structure, high practicability and easy popularization at the senior middle school.

Description

The basic optical demonstrator

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of instruments used for education, specifically is a kind of basic optical demonstrator that can demonstrate multiple optical phenomena.

Background technology

In the middle school, in the education activities of technical secondary school and institution of higher learning, all related to reflection of light, the knowledge of refraction and total reflection.Yet traditional optics teaching apparatus structure complexity, cost height, heavy and use inconvenience.Though existing multimedia courseware teaching, teacher is easy to operate, but the basic like this track that can not show a kind of dynamic process and light in the space intuitively can not be given the understanding of student with perception, and is not that each school all has ready conditions and uses the multimedia courseware teaching.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome traditional optics teaching apparatus structure complexity, cost height and deficiencies such as heavy and use inconvenience, the utility model provides a kind of basic optical demonstrator, this demonstrator not only carries easily, easy to operate, production cost is low, and can demonstrate reflection of light, multiple optical phenomenas such as refraction and total reflection.

The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is: described basic optical demonstrator is made up of pedestal, semiconductor laser lamp, limit switch and unidirectional stop, wherein semicircle glass block is nested in 270 ° of scallop holes of pedestal central authorities, by the switching of limit switch to direction of current, semicircle glass block can rotate back and forth around the center of circle, its central shaft is installed on the metal support, and metal support is fixed on the pedestal; The semiconductor laser lamp be installed in respectively semicircle glass block positive left side and under.Be fixed with T shape pointer on the described semicircle glass block and be used to indicate reading; If semiconductor laser lamp L1 is bright, semicircle glass block rotates back and forth can demonstrate reflection of light and refraction effect; If semiconductor laser lamp L2 is bright, then can demonstrate the total reflection phenomenon of light.

Described semicircle glass block when it rotates to the total reflection occurrence positions, in the effect lower semi-circular glass block stop motion of unidirectional stop, is convenient to teacher's explanation and observation of students.Described unidirectional stop is under the effect of touch-switch K2, and electromagnet energising work is regained for spacing, and semicircle glass block then continues rotation.When going to vertical position, semicircle glass block advances limit switch left, current reversal, motor reverse rotation.When semicircle glass block goes to horizontal level clockwise, limit switch is advanced to the right, and turning to once more of motor changes, thereby reached the purpose that rotates back and forth.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: this demonstrator adopts automated system, makes operation become succinct convenient, can not only enliven classroom atmosphere, also can improve students'interest in learning and enthusiasm, and is helpful to imparting knowledge to students.This optical demonstration instrument is not only simple in structure, and more convenient and practical, is beneficial to very much in each middle school extensively to promote.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the surface structure synoptic diagram of basic optical demonstrator;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of buffer gear cold;

Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of basic optical demonstrator;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of semicircle glass block, spacing head and slide bar;

Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of basic optical demonstrator;

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of basic optical demonstrator.

Among the figure: 1. semiconductor laser lamp, 2. semicircle glass block, 3. scale mark, 4. semiconductor laser lamp, 5.T shape pointer, 6. metal support, 7. pedestal, 8. tote-box, 9. switch panel, 10. gear, 11. the rubber contact, 12. buffer gear colds, 13. belt pulleys, 14. strong magnets, 15. motor, 16. limit switch, 17. guide rings, 18. slide bars, 19. unidirectional stops, 20. housings, 21. spacing head, 22. ferromagnetics, 23. soft springs, 24. electromagnet, 25. cog, 26. pulvinus, 27. lower gears, 28. springs.

Embodiment

The basic optical demonstrator comprises pedestal 7, semiconductor laser lamp L1 (4), L2 (1), limit switch 16 and unidirectional stop 19 (are seen Fig. 1, Fig. 3), pedestal 7 back sides are fixed with 4 strong magnets 14 of symmetry, can be fixed on the blackboard at magneticaction bottom base 7, semicircle glass block 2 is nested in 270 ° of scallop holes of pedestal 7 central authorities, switching by 16 pairs of direction of current of limit switch, semicircle glass block 2 can rotate back and forth around the center of circle, semiconductor laser lamp L1 (4), L2 (1) be installed in respectively semicircle glass block 2 positive left side and under, its laser output mouth is equipped with the right cylinder beam expanding lens, can be Line of light with the point-like phototransformation, and strafe on face plate of foundation.Initial time in demonstration, semicircle glass block 2 is in horizontality, energized is done K switch 3, motor 15 energising rotations, switch K1 is allocated to a simultaneously, and L1 is bright for the semiconductor laser lamp, basic optical demonstrator demonstration reflection of light and refraction effect, switch K1 is allocated to the b end, and L2 is bright for the semiconductor laser lamp, then demonstrates the total reflection phenomenon of light.

In order to make semicircle glass block 2 can rest on the optional position, increase the demonstration effect, pause switch K4 and teleswitch K5 control the rotation of motor 15 and stop.The teleswitch K5 f under the state that quits work, the conducting of h two ends, pause switch K4 is allocated to the c end, motor 15 work (see figure 5)s; Pause switch K4 is allocated to the d end, and 15 outages of motor quit work, motor 15 two ends conductings meanwhile, and motor 15 stops the rotation at once under the Amp effect, and 2 of semicircle glass blocks can rest on a certain definite position.Pause switch K4 connects teleswitch K5 after being allocated to the d end, e, and the g two ends are switched on, motor 15 energising work (see figure 6)s; F when teleswitch K5 quits work, the h two ends are switched on, and under the Amp effect, motor 14 stops operating at once.

Semicircle glass block 2 goes to the total reflection occurrence positions counterclockwise, and under the effect of unidirectional stop 19, semicircle glass block 2 stops operating, and the teacher can carry out the explanation of relevant knowledge at this moment and allow observation of students.Unidirectional stop 18 comprises housing 20, be provided with spacing 21 in the housing 20, be fixed with ferromagnetics 22 at spacing 21 afterbody, soft spring 23 separates certain distance with spacing 21 electromagnet 24 with the bottom, when electromagnet 24 energising work, the magnetic force of its generation is regained (see figure 4) for spacing 21 greater than the elastic force of soft spring 23 under magneticaction.

Stop the impact to bring to motor 15 and mechanical part for what prevent semicircle glass block 2, can increase by a buffer gear cold 12 suddenly.Buffer gear cold 12 comprises and cogs 25 and lower gear 27, and there is the pulvinus 26 that increases friction the centre, and a spring 28 is arranged below lower gear 27, under its elastic force effect, cog 25 and lower gear 27 closely stack (see figure 2).The moment of resistance that the moment of the friction force of its generation produces when rotating greater than semicircle glass block 2.Semicircle glass block 2 stops operating, and cogs 25 also to stop operating, because the moment of motor 15 outputs is greater than the moment of friction of buffer gear cold 12, lower gear 27 and motor 15 still are rotated further, and have prevented the impact that brings to mechanical part thus.With touch-switch K2 conducting, electromagnet 24 energisings produce magnetic field, regain under magneticaction for spacing 21 afterwards, and 2 of semicircle glass blocks continue to rotate counterclockwise.Touch-switch K2 can be hand switch or teleswitch, can also be two kinds of switch in parallel.Touch-switch K2 work 1-2 can quit work second.

Semicircle glass block 2 continues to go to vertical state, rubber contact 11 is advanced left, limit switch 16 switch currents, semicircle glass block 2 beginning reverse rotations, when going to horizontality, rubber contact 11 to be boosted, slide bar 18 advances limit switch 16 to the right under the effect of guide ring 17, direction of current changes, and demonstration afterwards enters next cycle.

Claims

1. basic optical demonstrator, comprise pedestal (7), semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2, motor (15), limit switch (16) and unidirectional stop (19), it is characterized in that: pedestal (7) back side is fixed with 4 strong magnets (14) of symmetry, semicircle glass block (2) is nested in 270 ° of scallop holes of pedestal (7) central authorities, by the switching of limit switch (16) to direction of current, semicircle glass block (2) can rotate back and forth around the center of circle, its central shaft is installed on the metal support (6), metal support (6) is fixed on the pedestal (7), semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2 be installed in respectively semicircle glass block (2) positive left side and under, unidirectional stop (19) is fixed in the pedestal (7), and prevents the rotation of semicircle glass block (2) in the counterclockwise direction.

2. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described semicircle glass block (2) upper surface is fixed with T shape pointer (5), and three pointer lengths of T shape pointer (5) are equal, and near scale mark (3).

3. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described limit switch (16) is connected with rubber contact (11) and slide bar (18), slide bar (18) is circular-arc, and is enclosed within the guide ring (17), and the internal diameter of guide ring (17) is slightly larger than the diameter of slide bar (18).

4. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be provided with spacing head (21) in the housing (20) of described unidirectional stop (19), be fixed with ferromagnetics (22) at spacing head (21) afterbody.Soft spring (23) separates certain distance with the electromagnet (24) of spacing head (21) and bottom.

5. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: buffer gear cold (12) cog (25) and lower gear (27) between a pulvinus (26) is arranged, there is a spring (28) lower gear (27) below.

6. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the optical output port of described semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2 is equipped with the right cylinder beam expanding lens.