CN2904172Y - Basic Optical Demonstrator - Google Patents

Abstract

A foundational optical demonstrator is to demonstrate the reflection, refraction and total reflection of the light ray. The foundational optical demonstrator comprises the base (7), the semiconductor laser lamps (4) L1 and (1) L2, the motor (15), the position limit switch (16) and unidirectional position limiter (19). The foundational optical demonstrator is characterized that the semicircle glass brick (2) is embedded into a sector hole of 270 degree at the center of the base (7) to switch the current direction with the position limit switch (16). The semicircle glass brick (2) could encircle the circle center to rotate. The center axle is fitted at the metal stand (6) which is fixed on the base (7). The semiconductor laser lamps (4) L1 and (1) L2 are respectively positioned exactly at the left of the semicircle glass brick (4) and exactly below the semicircle glass brick (4). The unidirectional position limiter (19) is fixed on the base (7) and could prevent the semicircle glass brick (2) from the rotation. The foundational optical demonstrator adopts the automation system to simplify the operation. The foundational optical demonstrator could not only activate the learning atmosphere but improve the student interest and passion for the learning and bring the great help to the teaching. The foundational optical demonstrator characterizes the simple structure, high practicability and easy popularization at the senior middle school.

Description

Basic Optical Demonstrator

technical field

The utility model relates to a teaching instrument, in particular to a basic optical demonstration instrument capable of demonstrating various optical phenomena.

Background technique

In the teaching activities of middle schools, secondary professional schools and colleges and universities, the knowledge of reflection, refraction and total reflection of light is involved. However, the traditional optical teaching instruments are complex in structure, high in cost, bulky and inconvenient to use. Although the existing multimedia courseware teaching is simple and convenient for teachers to operate, it cannot intuitively show a dynamic process and the trajectory of light in space, and cannot give students a perceptual understanding, and not every school has Conditional use of multimedia courseware teaching.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional optical teaching instruments such as complex structure, high cost, bulky and inconvenient use, the utility model provides a basic optical demonstration instrument, which is not only easy to carry, easy to operate, low in production cost, but also capable of demonstrating light Various optical phenomena such as reflection, refraction and total reflection.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: the basic optical demonstrator is composed of a base, a semiconductor laser lamp, a limit switch and a one-way limiter, wherein a semicircular glass brick is nested in the center of the base In a 270° fan-shaped hole, the semicircular glass block can be rotated back and forth around the center of the circle by switching the direction of the current through the limit switch. The central axis is installed on the metal bracket, and the metal bracket is fixed on the base; Directly to the left and directly below the semicircular glass block. A T-shaped pointer is fixed on the semicircular glass brick to indicate the reading; if the semiconductor laser light L1 is bright, the semicircular glass brick can rotate back and forth to demonstrate the reflection and refraction of light; if the semiconductor laser light L2 is bright, it can demonstrate light the phenomenon of total reflection.

When the semicircular glass block is rotated to the position where total reflection occurs, the semicircular glass block will stop moving under the action of the one-way limiter, which is convenient for teachers to explain and students to observe. Under the action of the light touch switch K2, the electromagnet is energized to work on the one-way limiter, the limit head is retracted, and the semicircular glass block continues to rotate. When turned to the vertical position, the semicircular glass block pushes the limit switch to the left, the current is reversed, and the motor rotates in the opposite direction. When the semi-circular glass brick turns clockwise to the horizontal position, the limit switch is pushed to the right, and the steering of the motor changes again, thereby achieving the purpose of back and forth rotation.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is: the demonstration instrument adopts an automatic system, which makes the operation simple and convenient, not only can activate the classroom atmosphere, but also can improve the learning interest and enthusiasm of the students, which is very helpful for teaching. The optical demonstrator is not only simple in structure, but also more convenient and practical, which is very beneficial to be widely popularized in various middle schools.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the basic optical demonstrator;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a buffer gear;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the basic optical demonstrator;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a semicircular glass brick, a limit head and a slide bar;

Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the basic optical demonstrator;

Figure 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the basic optical demonstrator.

In the figure: 1. Semiconductor laser light, 2. Semicircular glass block, 3. Scale line, 4. Semiconductor laser light, 5. T-shaped pointer, 6. Metal bracket, 7. Base, 8. Parts box, 9. Switch panel, 10. gear, 11. rubber contact, 12. buffer gear, 13. pulley, 14. strong magnet, 15. electric motor, 16. limit switch, 17. guide ring, 18. slide rod, 19. single To the limiter, 20. Housing, 21. Limiting head, 22. Ferromagnetic, 23. Soft spring, 24. Electromagnet, 25. Upper gear, 26. Hair pad, 27. Lower gear, 28. Spring .

Detailed ways

The basic optical demonstrator includes base 7, semiconductor laser lamps L1 (4), L2 (1), limit switch 16 and one-way limiter 19 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3), and base 7 back is fixed with symmetrical 4 strong magnets 14, the base 7 can be fixed on the blackboard under the action of magnetic force, the semicircular glass brick 2 is nested in a 270 ° fan-shaped hole in the center of the base 7, and the current direction is switched by the limit switch 16. The circular glass block 2 can rotate back and forth around the center of the circle, and the semiconductor laser lamps L1(4), L2(1) are respectively installed on the left side and directly below the semicircular glass block 2, and the laser output port is equipped with a cylindrical beam expander, which can Convert point light into linear light and sweep it on the base panel. At the initial moment of the demonstration, the semicircular glass block 2 is in a horizontal state, the dry switch K3 is turned on, the motor 15 is energized and rotates, and at the same time the transfer switch K1 is turned to a, the semiconductor laser lamp L1 is on, and the basic optical demonstrator demonstrates light reflection and For the refraction phenomenon, switch K1 to end b, and the semiconductor laser lamp L2 is on, which demonstrates the phenomenon of total reflection of light.

In order to make the semicircular glass brick 2 stay at any position and increase the demonstration effect, the pause switch K4 and the remote control switch K5 control the rotation and stop of the motor 15 . When the remote control switch K5 stops working, the two ends of f and h are turned on, and the pause switch K4 is turned to the c end, and the motor 15 works (see Figure 5); the pause switch K4 is turned to the d end, and the motor 15 is powered off and stops working. Simultaneously, the two ends of the motor 15 are turned on, and the motor 15 stops rotating immediately under the effect of the ampere force, and the semicircular glass block 2 can stay in a certain position. After the pause switch K4 is turned to the d terminal, the remote control switch K5 is connected, and the two ends of e and g are turned on, and the motor 15 is energized to work (see Figure 6); when the remote control switch K5 stops working, the two ends of f and h are turned on. Under the effect of ampere force, the motor 14 stops rotating immediately.

The semicircular glass block 2 turns counterclockwise to the position where the total reflection occurs. Under the action of the one-way stopper 19, the semicircular glass block 2 stops rotating. At this time, the teacher can explain relevant knowledge and allow students to observe. One-way limiter 18 comprises housing 20, and housing 20 is provided with limiter head 21, is fixed with ferromagnetic material 22 at the end of limiter head 21, and soft spring 23 separates limiter head 21 and electromagnet 24 at the bottom by a certain amount. distance, when the electromagnet 24 is energized, the magnetic force it produces is greater than the elastic force of the soft spring 23, and the limit head 21 is retracted under the action of the magnetic force (see Figure 4).

In order to prevent the impact that the sudden stop of the semicircular glass block 2 brings to the motor 15 and mechanical parts, a buffer gear 12 can be added. The buffer gear 12 includes an upper gear 25 and a lower gear 27, with a friction-increasing wool pad 26 in the middle, and a spring 28 under the lower gear 27, and the upper gear 25 and the lower gear 27 are tightly stacked together under the action of its elastic force (see Figure 2) . The moment of friction generated by it is greater than the moment of resistance generated when the semicircular glass block 2 rotates. The semicircular glass brick 2 stops rotating, and the upper gear 25 also stops rotating. Since the torque output by the motor 15 is greater than the friction torque of the buffer gear 12, the lower gear 27 and the motor 15 still continue to rotate, thus preventing the impact on the mechanical parts . Afterwards, the light touch switch K2 is turned on, the electromagnet 24 is energized to generate a magnetic field, the limit head 21 is retracted under the action of the magnetic force, and the semicircular glass block 2 continues to rotate counterclockwise. The tact switch K2 can be a manual switch or a remote control switch, or two types of switches connected in parallel. Lightly touch the switch K2 to work for 1-2 seconds to stop working.

The semicircular glass block 2 continues to turn to the vertical state, push the rubber contact 11 to the left, the limit switch 16 switches the current, and the semicircular glass block 2 starts to rotate in the opposite direction. When it turns to the horizontal state, push the rubber contact 11 upward Advance, the slide bar 18 pushes the limit switch 16 to the right under the action of the guide ring 17, the current direction changes, and then the demonstration enters the next cycle.

Claims (6)

1. basic optical demonstrator, comprise pedestal (7), semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2, motor (15), limit switch (16) and unidirectional stop (19), it is characterized in that: pedestal (7) back side is fixed with 4 strong magnets (14) of symmetry, semicircle glass block (2) is nested in 270 ° of scallop holes of pedestal (7) central authorities, by the switching of limit switch (16) to direction of current, semicircle glass block (2) can rotate back and forth around the center of circle, its central shaft is installed on the metal support (6), metal support (6) is fixed on the pedestal (7), semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2 be installed in respectively semicircle glass block (2) positive left side and under, unidirectional stop (19) is fixed in the pedestal (7), and prevents the rotation of semicircle glass block (2) in the counterclockwise direction.

2. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described semicircle glass block (2) upper surface is fixed with T shape pointer (5), and three pointer lengths of T shape pointer (5) are equal, and near scale mark (3).

3. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described limit switch (16) is connected with rubber contact (11) and slide bar (18), slide bar (18) is circular-arc, and is enclosed within the guide ring (17), and the internal diameter of guide ring (17) is slightly larger than the diameter of slide bar (18).

4. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be provided with spacing head (21) in the housing (20) of described unidirectional stop (19), be fixed with ferromagnetics (22) at spacing head (21) afterbody.Soft spring (23) separates certain distance with the electromagnet (24) of spacing head (21) and bottom.

5. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: buffer gear cold (12) cog (25) and lower gear (27) between a pulvinus (26) is arranged, there is a spring (28) lower gear (27) below.

6. basic optical demonstrator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the optical output port of described semiconductor laser lamp (4) L1, (1) L2 is equipped with the right cylinder beam expanding lens.

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