CN2891992Y - Endosteal broken nail drawer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of removal device of broken nails in the bone, composed of eight parts, that is, a main tube body, a front saw tooth end, a tail end, a buffer knot, a rushing-down window, a pushing rod, a screw, and a screw cap. The tooth body of the ring-typed and saw-tooth-shaped structure in the front of the main tube body is inclined in the clockwise direction; the ring-typed and saw-tooth-shaped structure is inclined outward; the tail end is 10mm to 20mm long; the buffer knot connects the tail end and the main tube body; the rushing-down window is the longitudinal trough window on the upper part of the front of the main tube body; one side of the trough window is engraved with the calibration line; the pushing rod is a cylinder cut by rotating the steel column piece; the front of the center is rotated to be the thread hole; the screw with the screw cap is the screw with the screw cap and made by processing the steel column piece; the screw with the screw cap is connected with the pushing rod; the pushing rod is fixed on the corresponding calibration line on the main tube body. The removal device is simple in operation, and has little damage to the bone tissue; the bearing point of the bone is concentrated around the left broken nail, while will not cause the movement of the broken nail and the occurrence of the transmission of dispersed force; the device can avoid the occurrence of such new diseases as the damage and injury of the bone tissue, and so on; thus the device is a supporting appliance in the operation with a value of clinical application.

Description

Means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone

Affiliated technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of orthopaedics medical apparatus and instruments, is a kind of apparatus that is used for broken nail taking-up in the bone.

Background technology

In the clinical orthopaedics tradition broken nail removal surgery, because of the broken nail that residues in the bone combines with osseous tissue closely, in order to take out the residual broken nail in compact bone deep, usually, operation need be on the very high compact bone of hardness be split, cuts a hole, is picked etc. osseous tissue and expands the operation of wound property, and reaches certain limit, the degree of depth, expose the certain-length of broken nail in the residual bone, between broken nail and osseous tissue, reserve certain interval, could visit apparatus it is taken out, and often cause bone damaged; And often have the part broken nail special because of the present position, operation is the devil the taking-up failure and is stranded in fracture compact bone deep on every side for a long time; In the operation process, nonstandard not, the operation Overexertion such as twist, split, pick, easily cause broken nail osseous tissue on every side to cross poly-injury, wound is uneven along, wall of wound, and because the vibrations of cutting a hole, splitting, pick a bone and producing when organizing, make fracture two ends load inequality, cause easily that fracture gap and reparations cambiums such as callus on every side thereof come off, the sclerite displacement, even the fissibility that the broken nail periphery may take place is fractured; Some broken nail is because of nonstandard operation, nail is fixed on fracture line or the easy sclerite that moves, form the activeness broken nail, this activeness broken nail stump remains in around the fracture gap, and malunion, the knitting delay that Chang Yi causes fracturing, bone does not connect connects even osteonecrosis; During operation technique, this class broken nail very easily takes place axially displaced, and the easier myeloid tissue that causes of misoperation is destroyed, complication such as liquefaction of fat, and operating field exposed of a specified duration, and easily accompanying infection forms osteomyelitis.

Utility model patent 00237495.1 discloses " the residual nail extractor of trephine type " by name, but, this technical scheme has: 1, the shaking force of electric drill is to impact or vibrations around the fracture, and feasible reparation property osseous tissue takes place loosening in getting the nail operating process or comes off; The amplitude that the extractor drilling produces when going into osseous tissue makes the motor of main pipe and electric hand drill produce resonance and the distortion that is distorted; 2, main pipe's wall thickness 0.5mm only is difficult to overcome the resistance of cortical bone in the time of to the marrow; 3, this equipment " main pipe upper end " has emphasized that " splitting two chutes " more destroyed its bulk strength, makes when entering cortical bone very easily torsional deformation, can't finish the overall process that residual nail takes out; 4, the osseous tissue that (main pipe promptly) do not have push rod and related device thereof to be taken out of when clinical experiment and practical operation prove that residual nail takes out in the chute closely is connected without ejecting device very difficult with its release with tube wall; 5, integral body is provided with to lack and limits the device of the degree of depth to the marrow, very easily injures when getting nail problems such as the outer tissues of side seam.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the problem that exists in the existing residual nail taking-up technology, this utility model provides a kind of means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone, this means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone can not only take out residual nail quickly and easily, laborsaving during joint, simple operation, and complication, sequela such as the new osseous tissue damage that can avoid causing, knitting delay, malunion.

The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves this utility model adopts is: means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone is by the main pipe, preceding sawtooth end, tail end, the buffering knot, force unloading window, push rod, screw rod, nut eight parts constitute, the denticle of main pipe's front end annular dentalation is the clockwise direction squint, band saw dentation structure flank of tooth flare, the long 10-20mm of tail end, the buffering knot connects tail end and main pipe's part, force unloading window is the vertical shape groove window in main pipe's upper front end, one side of groove window is carved with graduation mark, push rod is the cylinder that is peeled into the steel column piece, revolve and be tapping into a hole at central authorities front end place, screw rod-nut is the screw rod of the band nut that is processed into steel column spare, be connected with push rod, push rod is fixed on the corresponding graduation mark of main pipe.

Main pipe: total length 76mm, drilling through length according to the thickest part of human limb pipe bone strengthening (1/3 average largest diameter 3.375cm on the adult male femur) setting maximum is 4.0cm, the maximum gauge of 5 kinds of specifications of orthopaedics nail commonly used is 5mm, the external diameter that limits the means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone main pipe is 7.6mm, wall thickness 1mm, internal diameter 6mm, and the damage of osseous tissue is limited to minimum zone (damage radius=0.26mm ²).

Before the sawtooth end: cutting is 30 ° of clockwise direction squints, the band saw dentation structure of totally 12 teeth, 5 ° of flank of tooth flares.Mainly act as: 1. to the marrow the time and the bone wall produce certain inclined-plane, increase incision sclerotin speed, between incision two bone walls, form certain clearance simultaneously, reduce the frictional force between extractor and the sclerotin.Help piercing and withdrawing from of extractor, be convenient to grasp the cortical bone surface.2. because flank of tooth flare, extractor main pipe's outer wall is contacted closely with the osseous tissue that residual nail quilt on every side cuts, make it to become superfine Powdered, this Powdered osseous tissue is the residual nail of parcel closely, make the effect of pressure that residual nail do not produce when drilling through in the taking-up process or shaking force that sidesway take place or be pushed out outside the cortical bone of fracture offside, prevent the most advanced and sophisticated soft tissues such as the outer nerve of offside cortical bone, blood vessel of stabbing of residual nail.

Tail end: long 10-20mm, be whittled into 3 planes, the contact surface when increasing with the orthopaedics electric hand drill by Electric Drive, is accelerated speed to the marrow, saves operation time, reduces the infection chance of operating field.

Cushion knot: connect tail end and main pipe's part, main effect: 1. be used to cushion the shaking force of electric drill, minimizing prevents that to impact or vibrations around the fracture reparation property osseous tissue from taking place to become flexible or come off in getting the nail operating process; 2. absorb the impulsive force that electric hand drill produces extractor, alleviation also absorbs the amplitude that produces when osseous tissue is gone in the extractor drilling, prevents that the motor of main pipe and electric hand drill from producing resonance and the distortion that is distorted.

Force unloading window: be at the above 2cm of main pipe's front end place, plane into the vertical shape groove window of wide * height=4.2mm * 40mm, a side of groove window is carved into the graduation mark that spacing is 1mm, pierces the spacing scale of the degree of depth of bone as qualification equipment.The effect of force unloading window: the width of groove window is limited to 4.2mm, produces certain microgap when equipment rotates and between the osseous tissue, and increase equipment is speed to the marrow; The groove window is opened one side to the main pipe, does not destroy the integrally-built effective load effect of main pipe, has avoided both sides to window and reduces the fastness of equipment; Subtract the resistance that equipment produces to the marrow the time through repeatedly experiment showed, to rush down effectively, led off simultaneously, can protect reparation property osseous tissue effectively dispersibility shaking force around the fracture

Push rod: with the medical stainless steel column piece, be peeled into diameter 5.5mm, the cylinder of long 45mm, central front end 25mm revolve at the place silk hole that is tapping into M4, act as by the outer screw rod nut of connection tube, and the broken nail that drills through in means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone is released.

Screw rod-nut: be connected with push rod through the screw rod that lathe is processed into the band nut with the rustless steel column piece, push rod is fixed in the corresponding graduation mark of main part.It mainly act as push rod is fixed in corresponding scale, limits the degree of depth that pierces of extractor, prevents to injure tissues such as blood vessel beyond the offside cortical bone, nerve, in order to avoid cause knitting delay, bone does not connect to connect or complication such as ischemic osteonecrosis.

Main pipe and adnexa thereof all adopt medical Bai Gangwei raw material.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone has simple to operate, convenient quick, little to the osseous tissue wound, in the operation, the hard point of bone only concentrate on residual broken nail around, do not cause that broken nail moves, the conduction of dispersibility power does not take place, in the clinical practice operating process, do not take place that sclerite displacement and fracture end are loosening, fracture line displacement, broadening, do not influence the knitting processes such as formation of osseous callus.Means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone can be avoided having saved plenty of time and muscle power because of complication, sequela such as the residual and traditional new osseous tissue damage that residual nail removal surgery caused of broken nail in the bone, knitting delay, malunions.It is residual that this means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone can not only be used for the broken nail tip, sclerotin deep all kinds of fracture of limb long tubular bone or that screw internal fixation process takes place of clinical primary load bearing, also can be used for broken nail, the residual taking-up of broken needle in the bones such as the no back bending of all kinds of ends, the Kirschner wire that locks, steinman pin, is the supporting apparatus of bone surgery that a cover has practical clinical value, wide development prospect.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples this utility model is further specified.

Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Among the figure: 1, main pipe, 2, preceding sawtooth end, 3, tail end, 4, the buffering knot, 5, force unloading window, 6, push rod, 7, screw rod, 8, nut, 9, packing ring.

The specific embodiment

Means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone is made of eight parts such as main pipe 1, front end sawtooth end 2, tail end 3, buffering knot 4, force unloading window 5, push rod 6, screw rod 7, nuts 8, main pipe 1 total length 76mm, and it is 4.0cm that maximum drills through length, and interior diameter is 6mm, and overall diameter is 7.6mm; Before sawtooth end 2: cutting is 30 ° of clockwise direction squints, the band saw dentation structure of totally 12 teeth, 5 ° of flank of tooth flares; Tail end 3 long 10-20mm are whittled into 3 planes; Buffering knot 4 connects tail end and main pipe's part, force unloading window 5 is the vertical shape groove windows in main pipe's upper front end, at the above 2cm of main pipe's front end place, plane into the vertical shape groove window of wide * height=4.2mm * 40mm, one side of groove window is carved with the graduation mark that spacing is 1mm, push rod 6 is peeled into diameter 5.5mm with the steel column piece, the cylinder of long 45mm, central authorities revolve at front end 25mm place and are tapping into M4 silk hole, screw rod 7-nut 8 is that the screw rod of the band nut that is processed into steel column spare is connected with push rod, and push rod is fixed on the corresponding graduation mark of main pipe.Before taking out, broken nail accurately locatees through X-ray earlier, to determine the tram of broken nail.Operation technique is identical with the preoperative operation technique program of the residual nail removal surgery of traditional orthopaedics bone, and as routine anesthesia, the wild routine disinfection (driving blood in case of necessity) of art cuts skin, subcutaneous exposure art open country, removes hold-down screw, steel plate; The device for taking out broken nail of sterilization is connected the orthopaedics electric hand drill, the device for taking out broken nail front end is aimed at the bone hole of having taken out the broken nail tail end, start electric hand drill, exert pressure slightly, reach the broken nail position until front equipment end.Withdraw from equipment, unclamp positioning screw cap and will take out outside interior broken nail release equipment to front equipment end direction promotion push rod.

This equipment global design structure is lightly simple and direct, and the external diameter that limits the main pipe respectively is 7.6mm, wall thickness 6mm, internal diameter 1mm.Be the result who draws in the use through repeatedly testing, it has promptly guaranteed the firm, stable of equipment, has reduced the degree of injury to osseous tissue again as far as possible.Because by Electric Drive, laborsaving when taking out residual nail joint, simple operation, any orthopedist trains a little and can master the technique flexibly.The wall thickness of means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone is defined as 1mm (equipment inwall and be contained in the gap of radius between the broken nail in the equipment=0.26mm), can replace traditional residual nail removal surgery fully after measured.It is the supporting apparatus of bone surgery that a cover has practical clinical value, wide development prospect.

Means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone is applicable to that the sclerotin deep broken nail that takes place in the open reduction screw of all kinds of fracture of limb long tubular bone of primary load bearing or the steel plate screw internal fixation process is residual.Also can be used for taking out the residual taking-up of broken nail in the bones such as terminal no back bending, the Kirschner wire that locks, steinman pin.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone, by the main pipe, preceding sawtooth end, tail end, the buffering knot, force unloading window, push rod, screw rod, nut eight parts constitute, it is characterized in that: the denticle of main pipe's front end band saw dentation structure is the clockwise direction squint, band saw dentation structure flank of tooth flare, the long 10-20mm of tail end, the buffering knot connects tail end and main pipe's part, force unloading window is the vertical shape groove window in main pipe's upper front end, one side of groove window is carved with graduation mark, push rod is the cylinder that is peeled into the steel column piece, revolve and be tapping into a hole at central authorities front end place, screw rod-nut is the screw rod of the band nut that is processed into steel column spare, be connected with push rod, push rod is fixed on the corresponding graduation mark of main pipe.

2, means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: main pipe's total length 76mm, preceding sawtooth end-grain cutting is cut and is 30 ° of clockwise direction squints, the long 10-20mm of tail end also is whittled into 3 planes, push rod is peeled into diameter 5.5mm, the cylinder of long 45mm, central front end 25mm revolve at the place silk hole that is tapping into M4.

3, means for taking-out broken nail from inner-bone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: main pipe's external diameter is 7.6mm, wall thickness 1mm, internal diameter 6mm, preceding sawtooth end is the band saw dentation structure of totally 12 teeth, 5 ° of flank of tooth flares, force unloading window is at the above 2cm of main pipe's front end place, plane into the vertical shape groove window of wide * height=4.2mm * 40mm, a side of groove window is carved into the graduation mark that spacing is 1mm.