CN2888629Y

CN2888629Y - Mini gear-changing switch and miniature operation device for hoister

Info

Publication number: CN2888629Y
Application number: CN 200520031996
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄玉林
Original assignee: CHANGYUAN PUDONG ELECTRONIC APPLIANCE FACTORY
Current assignee: CHANGYUAN PUDONG ELECTRONIC APPLIANCE FACTORY
Priority date: 2005-09-27
Filing date: 2005-09-27
Publication date: 2007-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2015-09-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to a switch and an operating device of hoisting equipment, especially relates to a minimized switch and minimized operating device of hoisting equipment, the minimized switch has circuit board of gear and fluted disc, the minimized switch, button switch and electric coupler fixed in two cases compose the left and right control desks, the circuit board, electric relay and electric wire connector compose line control box, the connecting terminal, light emitting diode and electric coupler compose branch box, the minimized switch is with flexible rotation, clear gear position, definite feeling of zero position, the control button for starting, stopping, signals and illumination can be touched easily, supply comfortable working environment for operators, the device is convenient and immediate for installation, without wiring error and improve greatly the installation effect and reliability.

Description

The microminiaturized operating means of miniature gear on-off and crane

One, technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of switch and crane operation device, particularly relates to a kind of miniature gear on-off and the microminiaturized operating means of crane.

Two, technical background

What the operation control of crane electrical system was adopted so far is cam control gear, its main functional unit " cam controller " and " master controller ", its volume heaviness, operation effort, labour intensity height.Need in drivers' cab, " cam controller " or " master controller " back panel wiring terminal be fastenedly connected with the terminal box inner terminal that is installed in the drivers' cab inwall is corresponding one by one according to sign with ground of lead during installation, also need to make during on-the-spot the installation use the same method with the terminal box in the drivers' cab be installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage and couple together with lead, this connected mode is not only time-consuming, and occurs connection error easily.Crane manufacturer is still continuing to use this type of operating means at present.The experience that accumulates in production practices along with the continuous development and the people of science and technology is progressively improved the operating operation device of crane, for example: national patent application number 88107927, " crane micro signal control system " patent of CN1011958, be to have adopted electronic switch, it is to change original big current multi-way transmission the transmission of into micro-signal single channel, only change the sectional area and the radical of transmission line, do not changed operating means.National patent ZL03244237.8, " crane controller " patent of CN2611340Y, it has adopted gear on-off, but its moving gear on-off that is left and right sides plate control crane in length and breadth to operation, do not change original operating means of crane and mode of connection yet, up to the present the crane electrical system does not also have to change the substitute of defectives such as its original operating means volume heaviness, operation effort, wiring complexity, does not more realize the operating means of crane microminiaturization.

Three, summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiency that known technology exists, and designs and to produce volume little, in light weight, operate comfortable, easy-to-connect, the miniature gear on-off that cost performance is high and the microminiaturized operating means of crane.

Technical scheme:

The miniature gear on-off of the microminiaturized operating means of a kind of crane, comprise the turn-knob that is fixed on the swing arm termination, be fixed on the gear circuit board of the swing arm other end, be slidingly matched with swing arm and be sleeved on the gear on-off body at bull stick middle part, described gear circuit board rotates synchronously with swing arm, the contact of gear copper foil of circuit board face is connected and fixed the contact reed, contact circuit plate corresponding the connect connector socket of fixed contact reed by being fixed on the gear on-off bottom, described gear circuit board is a circular copper clad plate structure, the first lap Copper Foil is an annulus from the inside to surface, second, the the three, the four, the 5th, the the six, the seven circle for mutually contain link to each other less than semicircle or greater than the concentric Copper Foil disjunctor segmental arc of semicircle; Retaining device is decided on the top of described gear on-off body, the top of deciding retaining device is that the gear that an approximate rhombus or circular all uniform somes are kept off circular hole is surely decided block plate, decide block plate and swing arm is slidingly connected, that decides that block plate circular hole internal fixation is equipped with symmetrical two outstanding lower surface certain altitudes decides the retaining screw, and the bottom of deciding block plate has fixedlys connected the banking stop of synchronous rotation with swing arm; Suit is fixed with fluted disc in the swing arm of the middle part of gear on-off body, fluted disc is fixed on the swing arm and rotates synchronously with swing arm, described fluted disc is a circular configuration, fluted disc one side of something has 11 teeth groove, the centre is the zero-bit teeth groove, its angle is bigger than other 10 gear teeth groove angles, the 180 ° of directions in middle zero-bit teeth groove opposite have one with the identical teeth groove of zero-bit teeth groove angle, be zero-bit feel teeth groove; Gear on-off is fixed on dog screw according to different needs to be decided to constitute the 5-0-5 gear in the positions, symmetrical hole different on the block plate, or the 4-0-4 gear, or the 3-0-3 gear, or the 2-0-2 gear, or the gear on-off of 1-0-1 gear.

Described connector socket fixedly correspondence is connected the lower surface of contact circuit plate one side, and gear circuit board, fixed contact reed and contact circuit plate are fixedlyed connected with the gear on-off body by securing member with the outer cover spiral-lock and in both sides.

Be provided with bossed spring positioning card of inner surface belt and ball positioning sleeve about the following disk body of gear on-off body, the ball outside in the positioning sleeve is the spring leaf that is stuck in the locator card, and ball presses the spring leaf in the outside, and the ball inboard is in the teeth groove of fluted disc.

The described circular hole that keeps off surely is to be the center of circle with the swing arm center, and corresponding length is 24 uniform on the circumference of radius circular holes.

The 5-0-5 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each five gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, one end of each gear on-off is connected the D end jointly, it when the gear turn-knob rotates to the centre position position, zero span, each gear on-off is disconnection, first gear that turns clockwise is closing of contact of switch C, second gear is two closings of contact of switch C, B, at the 3rd gear is switch C, B, three closings of contact of F, the 4th gear is switch C, B, four closings of contact of F, A, and the 5th gear is switch C, B, F, A, five closings of contact of G; The gear turn-knob is rotated counterclockwise the first gear on-off E closure, second, third, the 4th, the 5th gear is respectively switch E, B, switch E, B, F, switch E, B, F, A, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F, A, G; The 4-0-4 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each four gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first, second, third and fourth gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, switch C, B, switch C, B, F, the closing of contact of switch C, B, F, A is rotated counterclockwise first, second, third and fourth gear and is respectively switch E, switch E, B, switch E, B, F, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F, A; The 3-0-3 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each three gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first, second and third gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, switch C, B, the closing of contact of switch C, B, F, be rotated counterclockwise first, second and third gear and be respectively switch E, switch E, B, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F; The 2-0-2 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each two gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first and second gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, the closing of contact of switch C, B is rotated counterclockwise first and second gear and is respectively switch E, the closing of contact of switch E, B; The 1-0-1 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, and the closing of contact of the first gear on-off C that turns clockwise is rotated counterclockwise the closing of contact of the first gear on-off E.

The microminiaturized operating means of a kind of crane, contain the miniature gear on-off that is installed in two casings, push switch and electrical cnnector constitute a left side and right control desk, be installed in the circuit board in the casing, relay and electrical cnnector constitute the wiring control cabinet, be installed in the binding post in the casing, light-emitting diode and electrical cnnector constitute junction box, a described left side and right control desk are that connector is realized electric the connection with the wiring control cabinet by electrical cnnector, and the junction box in described wiring control cabinet is commonly called as aviation plug and is installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage by cable and electrical cnnector is realized electric the connection.

A described left side and right control desk are realized electric the connection by cable and 57-30240,57-30360 iron-clad connector with the wiring control cabinet, and described wiring control cabinet is realized electric the connection by cable and YP type connector with the junction box in being installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage.

Miniature gear on-off and relay are formed the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 5-0-5, at miniature gear on-off contact C, E, B, F, the output of A and G is normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils, relay J 42 coils, relay J 43 coils and relay J 44 coils, or the reversible symmetrical control circuit of composition 4-0-4, at miniature gear on-off contact C, E, B, the output of F and A is normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils, relay J 42 coils and relay J 43 coils; Or the reversible symmetrical control circuit of composition 3-0-3, distinguish normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 at the output of miniature gear on-off C, E, B and F, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils and relay J 42 coils; Or form the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 2-0-2, at the output of miniature gear on-off contact C, E and B normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils; Or form the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 1-0-1, distinguish normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils of series relay J21 at the output of miniature gear on-off contact C and E.

The reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 01 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form one of reversible asymmetric control circuit.

The reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 02 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form two of reversible asymmetric control circuit.

The utlity model has following advantage:

1, the utility model with miniature gear on-off be the left side formed of main member and right control desk perfect every controlled function of cam-operated device, dwindled the volume of operating mechanism greatly, have only an operations chair and a wiring control cabinet that is installed in the drivers' cab inwall in the drivers' cab, the control desk volume is little, in light weight, directly be fixed on the operations chair both sides, freely rotate with seat, and top to bottom, left and right, front and rear all can arbitrarily be adjusted, and make the operator be in the optimum position operation.Miniature gear on-off rotates flexibly, and gear is clear, and the zero-bit feel is clear and definite, starts, stops, control knobs such as signal, illumination are within reach, provide comfortable operational environment to the operator, have obviously reduced operator's labour intensity.

2, the various operating functions of operating means of the present utility model are perfect, and the protection project is complete.Major and minor hook sets up " crawl decline " knob, solved the difficult problem that bridge, gantry crane for many years can't the crawl operations.

3, the electric connection between each mechanism of this operating means all adopts electrical cnnector (connector) to finish, and left and right control desk is connected with the wiring control cabinet that is installed in the drivers' cab inwall with connector by cable.When the on-the-spot installation of crane, from drivers' cab internal wiring control cabinet with cable and YP type connector directly be installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage and be connected, this mounting means is convenient and swift, shorten significantly setting up time is installed, improve the wiring reliability greatly, significantly improve installment work efficient, wiring error can not occur.

4, the miniature gear on-off of this device and the electric property of package unit can satisfy the instructions for use of present crane, allow some leeway for upgrading in the future improves again.The junction box binding post has indicator light to show (identical with the PLC controller), searches electric fault and is very easy to.Main parts size is standard and patches combination, and maintain and replace is fast and simple.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1: miniature gear on-off is faced structural representation

Fig. 2: miniature gear on-off left side TV structure schematic diagram

Fig. 3: miniature gear on-off printed circuit board (PCB) schematic diagram

Fig. 4: miniature gear on-off fluted disc structural representation

Fig. 5-1:5-0-5 gear on-off closed routine figure

Fig. 5-2:4-0-4 gear on-off closed routine figure

Fig. 5-3:3-0-3 gear on-off closed routine figure

Fig. 5-4:2-0-2 gear on-off closed routine figure

Fig. 5-5:1-0-1 gear on-off closed routine figure

The reversible symmetry control of Fig. 6-1:5-0-5 gear on-off electrical schematic diagram

The reversible symmetry control of Fig. 6-2:4-0-4 gear on-off electrical schematic diagram

The reversible symmetry control of Fig. 6-3:3-0-3 gear on-off electrical schematic diagram

The reversible symmetry control of Fig. 6-4:2-0-2 gear on-off electrical schematic diagram

The reversible symmetry control of Fig. 6-5:1-0-1 gear on-off electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 7: one of reversible asymmetric control electrical schematic diagram of 3-0-3 gear

Fig. 8: two of the reversible asymmetric control electrical schematic diagram of 3-0-3 gear

Fig. 9: the crosstalk of separate unit winding motors rotor loop hinders asymmetric excision reversible speed control control electrical schematic diagram

Figure 10: the crosstalk of two platform winding motors rotor loop hinders asymmetric excision reversible speed control control electrical schematic diagram

Figure 11: two-shipper structure winding motors rotor loop crosstalk resistance symmetry excision reversible speed control control electrical schematic diagram

Figure 12: motor frequency change speed regulating control electrical schematic diagram

Figure 13: crane rheostatic speed regulation control electrical schematic diagram (QR1S)

Figure 14: crane rheostatic speed regulation control electrical schematic diagram (QR2S)

Figure 15-17: crane is with microminiaturized operating means electrical schematic diagram

Figure 18: double girder overhead crane is with microminiaturized operating means electrical arrangement schematic diagram

Five, specific embodiments

Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1,2,3,4,5-1～5-5, turn-knob 1 is fixedly mounted on the swing arm 2, decide block plate 9 by jockey 12 and the base plate 10 gear on-off body that is composed of a fixed connection, the gear hole internal fixation of deciding block plate 9 is equipped with two symmetrical screws 6 that keep off surely, decide block plate 9 below have fixedly connected with swing arm 2 and with its banking stop 7 of rotation synchronously, symmetric position is installed with spring leaf 3 in the front and back of base plate 10, the inboard of spring leaf 3 is two balls 4 that are connected with the spring leaf contact, two balls 4 are stuck in the teeth groove 10 of symmetry of fluted disc 5, fluted disc 5 is connected with the ball contact, fixedlys connected with swing arm 2 in its center.Fixedly connected with swing arm 2 in the center of gear circuit board 14, gear circuit board 14, contact reed and contact circuit plate 15 spiral-locks are in controlling organization 13, contact circuit plate 15 is at the lower surface of controlling organization 13, controlling organization 13 by two supporting legs 11 and jockey 12 with decide block plate 9 and fixedly connected, at the fixedly connected corresponding connector socket 8 of a side of contact circuit plate 15.

Turn-knob 1 when the center ball 4 in zero-bit teeth groove 10, turn-knob 1 drives swing arm 2 gear that turns clockwise, fluted disc 5, banking stop 7, gear circuit board 14 rotate a gear simultaneously, ball 4 is rolled in first groove of reverse teeth groove, at this moment the common point D of gear circuit board 14 and contact C closure are exported a switch C closure signal by contact circuit plate 15 and connector socket 8; Turn-knob 1 second gear that turns clockwise, the common point D of gear circuit board 14 and contact C, B connect; Export a switch C, B closure signal by contact circuit plate 15 and connector socket 8; In like manner the 3rd gear is exported C, B, F switch closure signals; Output C, B, F, A switch closure signals during the 4th gear; Output C, B, F, A, G switch closure signals during the 5th gear, banking stop 7 screw 6 that is positioned stopped and made turn-knob 1 can not continue rotation again this moment.Turn-knob is rotated counterclockwise first, second, third and fourth, during five gears, the output of gear on-off is respectively: switch E closure, switch E, B closure, switch E, B, F closure, switch E, B, F, A closure, switch E, B, F, A, G closure; During five gears banking stop 7 be positioned screw 6 stop make turn-knob can not continue again the rotation.Because two balls 4 are respectively in the zero-bit teeth groove 10 greater than other teeth groove angles of symmetry during the position, zero span,, therefore produce tangible zero-bit feel so the moment during turn-knob 1 rotation is obviously big than other teeth groove.

Embodiment two: referring to Fig. 6-1, during the position, zero span, switch is off-state, when turning clockwise first gear, and common D and contact C closure, relay J 11 coils get electric, its contact J11 closure; In like manner draw two gear relay contact J11, J41 closure; Three gear relay contact J11, J41, J42 closure; Four gear relay contact J11, J41, J42, J43 closure; Five gear relay contact J11, J41, J42, J43, J44 closure.Be rotated counterclockwise first gear common D and contact E closure, relay J 21 coils get electric, its contact J21 closure; In like manner two gear relay contact J21, J41 closure; Three gear relay contact J21, J41, J42 closure; Four gear relay contact J21, J41, J42, J43 closure; Five gear relay contact J21, J41, J42, J43, J44 closure.

The meaning of the symbol representative among Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 6-4, Fig. 6-5 is identical with Fig. 6-1 with operation principle, no longer restate, difference is that Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 6-4, Fig. 6-5 gears suitable, that be rotated counterclockwise are respectively four gears, three gears, two gears, a gear.

Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 9, hinder asymmetric excision speed governing with the crosstalk of the reversible symmetrical control circuit control separate unit winding motors rotor loop of 5-0-5, during a clockwise gear, relay contact J11 closure, A.C. contactor K11 gets, its contact K11 closure, brake gets electric declutching, and motor low speed is rotated in the forward; In like manner draw: two retainings, three retainings, four retainings, five retaining A.C. contactor K41, K42, K43, K44 successively electric its contact in turn closure, excise motor rotor resistance piecemeal, motor progressively accelerates to rated speed.During a counterclockwise gear, relay contact J21 closure, A.C. contactor K21 gets electric, its contact K21 closure, motor low speed and reverse; In like manner draw: two retainings, three retainings, four retainings, five retaining motor progressively accelerate to rated speed.

Embodiment four: referring to Figure 10, hinder asymmetric excision speed governing with the two platform winding motors rotor loop crosstalks of the reversible symmetrical control circuit control of 5-0-5, control principle is identical with example four, no longer repeats, and difference is that the two platform motor of its control are worked simultaneously.

Embodiment five: referring to Figure 11, with two reversible symmetrical control circuit control two-shipper structure winding motors rotor loop crosstalk resistance symmetry excision speed governing of 1-0-1 gear.Relay contact J11 closure when the clockwise gear of grab bucket mechanism gear on-off, A.C. contactor K11 gets electric closure, and motor M 1 is just being changeed, the material grasping of promptly grabbing bucket; 1 counter-rotating of an in like manner counterclockwise retaining motor M, the grab bucket discharging; A.C. contactor K45, K43, K41 are closed successively under the control of the time relay, progressively excise resistance, and motor progressively accelerates to rated speed.Lifting gear on-off control lifting motor M2 makes the grab bucket ascending, descending, and its control principle is same as described above, no longer repeats.

Embodiment six: referring to Figure 12, realize the forward and backward and the speed regulating control of motor with the reversible symmetrical control circuit control of conversion device of 4-0-4 gear on-off.Relay contact J11 closure when gear on-off turns clockwise a gear, A.C. contactor K11 gets, its contact K11 closure, the S1 and the common port SC that are frequency converter connect, motor M1 just changes, the contact in turn closures of gear on-off two retaining, three retainings, four retaining relay J 41, J42, J43 in like manner, frequency converter S5, S6, S8 connect with SC successively, and motor progressively accelerates to rated speed.It is same as described above that gear on-off is rotated counterclockwise the control principles and the course of work of motor of one, two, three, four retainings, no longer narration, and difference is gear on-off control motor counter-rotating when being rotated counterclockwise.

Embodiment seven: referring to Fig. 7,13, with the speed governing of the reversible symmetrical control circuit control crane hoisting mechanism motor resistance of 3-0-3 gear on-off.The reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 01 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form one of reversible asymmetric control circuit

Rise and control: the closing of contact of a clockwise gear relay J 52, J56, J59, A.C. contactor K11, K43, K71 get electric, and the brake energising is declutched, and the motor energising is just changeed, excision latter end resistance; State keeps before during clockwise two gears, the closing of contact of relay J 57, A.C. contactor K42 gets electric, excises two sections resistance motor and quickens, and state keeps before clockwise three gears, relay J 58 closings of contact, A.C. contactor K41 gets electric, excises three sections resistance motor and continues to quicken, through 0.6 second closing of contact of time relay K04 time-delay, A.C. contactor K40 gets four sections resistance of electroblation, and motor accelerates to rated speed.

Control descends: a counterclockwise gear is plug braking, can realize that heavy duty (more than semi-load) descends at a slow speed.Beat when one keeps off from zero-bit, each A.C. contactor all is failure to actuate, and A.C. contactor K11 energising occurs with the phenomenon of avoiding underloading space-time hook not fall rising on the contrary when having only two retainings or three retainings to return a retaining.Two gears are one-way brake, can realize that underloading (semi-load are following) descends at a slow speed.Three gears are that power descends or feedback (regeneration) braking descends, and any load is descended with normal speed.

A clockwise retaining or counterclockwise one keep off back zero, and the J53 contact is a closure state, guarantee motor than the brake hysteresis cut off the power supply 0.6 second (can adjust) prevent to slip hook.J51, J52 are bound bit switch return relay contact.

Embodiment eight: referring to Fig. 8,14, with the speed governing of the reversible symmetrical control circuit control crane hoisting mechanism motor resistance of 3-0-3 gear on-off.The reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 02 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form two of reversible asymmetric control circuit

The control of rising: clockwise retaining J53, a J55, J57 closure, A.C. contactor K71, K11, the K44 adhesive of switch on, the brake energising is declutched, and motor just changes, and excises latter end resistance; State keeps before two gears, the J58 closure, and two sections resistance are excised in A.C. contactor K43 adhesive, and motor quickens; State keeps before three gears, the J59 closure, and three sections resistance are excised in the K42 adhesive, motor continues to quicken, and through time relay K04 time-delay 0.6 second, four sections resistance of K41 energising adhesive excision were again through K05 time-delay 0.3 second, five sections resistance are excised in the K40 adhesive of switching on, and motor progressively accelerates to rated speed.

Control descends: counterclockwise one, two retainings are plug braking, can realize that heavy duty descends at a slow speed, when two gears, relay J 57 contacts disconnect, the A.C. contactor K44 release of cutting off the power supply inserts whole resistance, and its braking moment is less than a retaining, so under equal load condition, two retaining decrease speeds are faster than a retaining.Three retainings descend for power or feedback (regeneration) braking descends, and any load is descended with normal speed.

A clockwise retaining or counterclockwise one keep off back zero, and the J56 contact is a closure state, guarantee motor than the brake hysteresis cut off the power supply 0.6 second (can adjust) prevent to slip hook.J51, J52 are bound bit switch return relay contact.

Embodiment nine: referring to Figure 15,16,17, with the electrical schematic diagram of four 5-0-5 gear on-off control crane electrical systems.Main composition is as follows:

1, zero position protection: the normally-closed contact series circuit by relay J 11, J21, J12, J22, J13, J23, J14, J24 is realized.

2, function control: start, stop, lock control, suddenly stop, every feature operations such as signal, illumination are finished by corresponding push switch.

3, operation control: main hoisting mechanism, auxiliary hoisting mechanism, wheeling mechanism, traveling mechanism of the larger traveller are finished by corresponding gear on-off control relay.

4, output control: export by cable each relay control contact, and respectively the work ac contactor coil of structure of control crane is implemented the control of crane electrical system major loop.

Embodiment ten: referring to Figure 18, a crane left side and right operating console 16 are fixed on operations chair 17 both sides, control desk 16 is connected with 57-30240,30360 iron-clad connectors by cable 18 with wiring control cabinet 19, and wiring control cabinet 19 is connected with YP type connector by cable 21 with terminal box 20 in being installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage.

Claims

1, the miniature gear on-off of the microminiaturized operating means of a kind of crane, comprise the turn-knob that is fixed on the swing arm termination, be fixed on the gear circuit board of the swing arm other end, be slidingly matched with swing arm and be sleeved on the gear on-off body at swing arm middle part, it is characterized in that: described gear circuit board rotates synchronously with swing arm, the contact of gear copper foil of circuit board face is connected and fixed the contact reed, contact circuit plate corresponding the connect connector socket of fixed contact reed by being fixed on the gear on-off bottom, described gear circuit board is a circular copper clad plate structure, the first lap Copper Foil is an annulus from the inside to surface, second, the the three, the four, the 5th, the the six, the seven circle for mutually contain link to each other less than semicircle or greater than the concentric Copper Foil disjunctor segmental arc of semicircle; Retaining device is decided on the top of described gear on-off body, the top of deciding retaining device is that the gear that an approximate rhombus or circular all uniform somes are kept off circular hole is surely decided block plate, decide block plate and swing arm is slidingly connected, decide the dog screw that block plate circular hole internal fixation is equipped with symmetrical two outstanding lower surface certain altitudes, the bottom of deciding block plate has fixedlys connected the banking stop of synchronous rotation with swing arm; Suit is fixed with fluted disc in the swing arm of the middle part of gear on-off body, fluted disc is fixed on the swing arm and rotates synchronously with swing arm, described fluted disc is a circular configuration, fluted disc one side of something has 11 teeth groove, the centre is the zero-bit teeth groove, its angle is bigger than other 10 gear teeth groove angles, the 180 ° of directions in middle zero-bit teeth groove opposite have one with the identical teeth groove of zero-bit teeth groove angle, be zero-bit feel teeth groove; Gear on-off is fixed on dog screw according to different needs to be decided to constitute the 5-0-5 gear in the positions, symmetrical hole different on the block plate, or the 4-0-4 gear, or the 3-0-3 gear, or the 2-0-2 gear, or the gear on-off of 1-0-1 gear.

2, the miniature gear on-off of the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described connector socket fixedly correspondence is connected the lower surface of contact circuit plate one side, and gear circuit board, fixed contact reed and contact circuit plate are fixedlyed connected with the gear on-off body by securing member with the outer cover spiral-lock and in both sides.

3, the miniature gear on-off of the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with bossed spring positioning card of inner surface belt and ball positioning sleeve about the following disk body of gear on-off body, the ball outside in the positioning sleeve is the spring leaf that is stuck in the locator card, ball presses the spring leaf in the outside, and the ball inboard is in the teeth groove of fluted disc.

4, according to the miniature gear on-off of the microminiaturized operating means of the described crane of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described circular hole that keeps off surely is to be the center of circle with the swing arm center, and length is 24 uniform on the circumference of radius circular holes accordingly.

5, according to the miniature gear on-off of the claim 1～4 microminiaturized operating means of each described crane, it is characterized in that: the 5-0-5 gear on-off is that to be with the position, zero span that the center is formed suitable, be rotated counterclockwise the gear on-off of each five gear, one end of each gear on-off is connected the D end jointly, it when the gear turn-knob rotates to the centre position position, zero span, each gear on-off is disconnection, first gear that turns clockwise is closing of contact of switch C, second gear is switch C, two closings of contact of B, at the 3rd gear is switch C, B, three closings of contact of F, the 4th gear is switch C, B, F, four closings of contact of A, the 5th gear is switch C, B, F, A, five closings of contact of G; The gear turn-knob is rotated counterclockwise the first gear on-off E closure, second, third, the 4th, the 5th gear is respectively switch E, B, switch E, B, F, switch E, B, F, A, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F, A, G; The 4-0-4 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each four gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first, second, third and fourth gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, switch C, B, switch C, B, F, the closing of contact of switch C, B, F, A is rotated counterclockwise first, second, third and fourth gear and is respectively switch E, switch E, B, switch E, B, F, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F, A; The 3-0-3 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each three gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first, second and third gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, switch C, B, the closing of contact of switch C, B, F, be rotated counterclockwise first, second and third gear and be respectively switch E, switch E, B, the closing of contact of switch E, B, F; The 2-0-2 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each two gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, first and second gear that turns clockwise is respectively switch C, the closing of contact of switch C, B is rotated counterclockwise first and second gear and is respectively switch E, the closing of contact of switch E, B; The 1-0-1 gear on-off is with position, zero span suitable, as to be rotated counterclockwise each gear gear on-off that is that the center is formed, and the closing of contact of the first gear on-off C that turns clockwise is rotated counterclockwise the closing of contact of the first gear on-off E.

6, the microminiaturized operating means of a kind of crane, contain the described crane of claim 1 with the miniature gear on-off of microminiaturized operating means, it is characterized in that: described miniature gear on-off and button switch and electrical cnnector are installed in and constitute a left side and right control desk in two casings, be installed in the circuit board in the casing, relay and electrical cnnector constitute the wiring control cabinet, be installed in the binding post in the casing, light-emitting diode and electrical cnnector constitute junction box, a described left side and right control desk are realized electric the connection by electrical cnnector with the wiring control cabinet, and described wiring control cabinet is realized electric the connection by cable and electrical cnnector with the junction box in being installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage.

7, the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: a described left side and right control desk are realized electric the connection by cable and 57-30240,57-30360 iron-clad connector with the wiring control cabinet, and described wiring control cabinet is realized electric the connection by cable and YP type connector with the junction box in being installed in the control cubicle of crane on walking on stage.

8, the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: miniature gear on-off and relay are formed the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 5-0-5, at miniature gear on-off contact C, E, B, F, the output of A and G is normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils, relay J 42 coils, relay J 43 coils and relay J 44 coils, or the reversible symmetrical control circuit of composition 4-0-4, at miniature gear on-off contact C, E, B, the output of F and A is normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils, relay J 42 coils and relay J 43 coils; Or the reversible symmetrical control circuit of composition 3-0-3, distinguish normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 at the output of miniature gear on-off C, E, B and F, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils and relay J 42 coils; Or form the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 2-0-2, at the output of miniature gear on-off contact C, E and B normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils of series relay J21 respectively, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils, relay J 41 coils; Or form the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 1-0-1, distinguish normally-closed contact and relay J 11 coils, the normally-closed contact of relay J 11 and relay J 21 coils of series relay J21 at the output of miniature gear on-off contact C and E.

9, the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 01 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form one of reversible asymmetric control circuit.

10, the microminiaturized operating means of crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the reversible symmetrical control circuit of 3-0-3 is from rectifier diode of its common port D series connection, rectifier diode in parallel, the series circuit that the normally opened contact of relay J 21 in parallel and J201 coil are formed, relay J 42, the normally opened contact of J41 connects two transfer contacts of J201, by two normally-closed contacts of J201, three normally opened contacts are connected diode matrix circuit 02 corresponding input with the J11 normally opened contact, the output of diode matrix circuit connects corresponding relays coil J51～J59 and fly-wheel diode respectively, wherein relay J 55 branch roads are in series with the normally-closed contact of relay J 54, form two of reversible asymmetric control circuit.