CN2881542Y - Laser instrument - Google Patents

Laser instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2881542Y
CN2881542Y CN 200620100205 CN200620100205U CN2881542Y CN 2881542 Y CN2881542 Y CN 2881542Y CN 200620100205 CN200620100205 CN 200620100205 CN 200620100205 U CN200620100205 U CN 200620100205U CN 2881542 Y CN2881542 Y CN 2881542Y
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China
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laser
laser beam
collimated
spectroscope
lens
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 200620100205
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Chinese (zh)
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周培银
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Individual
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Individual
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a laser instrument, wherein, in the casing of the laser instrument a power supply and a laser beam generating device are positioned, and on the casing a light outlet window is arranged; the laser beam generating device generates at least two visible collimation laser beams basically locate in parallel planes and with the included angle ranging within 1 degree to 14 degrees. The utility model is characterized in that: the two collimation laser beams are able to be directly projected outwards, or to be projected outwards after being converted into flat sector laser beams; when the collimation laser beam is projected outwards as the flat sector laser beam, the intersection line of the sector face and the cross section of a guide track is perpendicular to plane F; because the laser beam is visible, the beam is able to be observed or measured with the naked eye without assistance of other tools, thereby being very convenient for applying.

Description

A kind of laser
Technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of laser that can be used for range observation.
Background technology:
At present in daily life and engineering application, a lot of occasions all need to carry out the measurement of big distance, adopt conventional tool such as tape measure, roller to measure in actual use all comparatively trouble, not only waste time and energy and also measuring error big, even can't finish surveying work at some special occasions.Therefore this quasi-tradition distance measurement tools more and more can not make the user satisfy, so in recent years along with development of science and technology, laser range finder and ultrasonic range finder begin to popularize at civil area.
The advantage of ultrasonic range finder is with low cost, and volume is little in light weight.But its fatal weakness is that distance accuracy is low, mostly is positive and negative 0.5% in the nominal measuring error of the ultrasonic range finder of market sale, and promptly when measuring distance was 15m, its maximum error had positive and negative 7.5cm; And ultrasonic range finder is subject to disturb, environment temperature, humidity are changed responsive, unstable working condition.In addition because the sound wave spread angle of ultrasonic range finder is big, energy attenuation is fast, so generally can only measure the distance about 15m, and big spread angle has also proposed high requirement to test site, require promptly that the measured object area is big, acoustic reflection is good and the above clear space of 1m etc. is arranged all around, otherwise just can't measure or miss survey.All these has limited it and has popularized on a large scale in civilian field, and it mostly is used for the occasion of some space requireds and cubing at present.
Laser range finder can well solve the above-mentioned defective of ultrasonic ranging.The existing laser range finder of selling on market mostly utilizes the mistiming or the phase differential of light velocity emission and reception to measure, and its advantage is far measuring distance, precision height, stable performance, and precision is generally about positive and negative 5mm.But its shortcoming is to cost an arm and a leg, and also wants more than 5000 circles even dispose its price of minimum laser range finder, and therefore it is confined to civilian professional domain at present, also can't spread to family and use.
Comprehensively the above reaches the weak point separately that has laser range finder now at ultrasonic range finder, is necessary to be improved, to resolve the problem of cost performance.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is: a kind of big range observation, moderate accuracy and lower-cost laser of can be used for is provided.The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of laser comprises: be provided with power supply and laser beam generating device in the housing of laser, housing is provided with light-emitting window; In the utility model, described laser beam generating device is a kind ofly to produce that two bundles are positioned at parallel plane substantially at least and angle is the laser beam generating device of 1 ° to 14 ° visible collimated laser beam.If plane F is a certain plane of parallel two collimated laser beams, plane E is the intrafascicular a branch of planes of anticipating in addition of vertical two collimation lasers.In the utility model, two collimated laser beams can directly outwards throw, and also can be converted to outwards projection after the fan-shaped flat laser beam, and the intersection of described sector and track cross-section should be perpendicular to plane F when outwards throwing in the mode of fan-shaped flat laser beam.As shown in Figure 1, the projection line of two laser on the F of plane intersects at an O, and both angles are α, and intersects at an A respectively and put B with the projection line of plane E on the F of plane.When the length of straight line A B was S, the distance L of some O and plane E can be expressed as: L=S/tg α.Observe above-mentioned formula, α is a constant after the utility model physical dimension is determined, therefore only the length S with straight line AB is relevant for tested distance L, and be the linear ratio relation between the two, so for different distance L, always can ask for the distance L of an O and plane E, that is finish the measurement of the L that adjusts the distance by the data value of measuring S.In addition,,, need not the attached of other instrument and help, use very convenient so can directly detect by an unaided eye or measure because laser beam is visible.Can be used for big range observation, moderate accuracy and lower-cost laser because the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of,, promptly determine one and can realize the utility model purpose 1/tg α value so must make special selection to the angle of two laser.
When angle α (0,1 °) interval in during value, the value of 1/tg α is very big, the value of 1/tg α is 572.96 during as α=0.1 °, though can try to achieve very big L this moment by measuring very little S, can realize measurement, but the measuring accuracy of S has been proposed very high requirement, otherwise can lose practical value because of the mistake of measurement result to big distance.Therefore angle α is when this interval value, can not come S is measured with common tape measure, ruler or scale, when for example α gets above-mentioned 0.1 °, the reading error of the every 1mm of appearance of its S will cause the L error of 572.96mm, so must adopt this moment special-purpose precision measurement apparatus to measure S, obviously can cause the straight line of instrument cost to rise like this, and general its adjustment when using precision measurement apparatus, process of measurement can comparatively bother, common people are difficult to use.In addition, angle α is when this interval value, also the accurate end to the α angle of instrument itself, proposed very high requirement, its corresponding 1/tg α value is respectively 636.2,572.96,520.87 when being 0.09 °, 0.1 °, 0.11 ° as α, the above error of 50S can appear in L when promptly this moment, 0.01 ° adjustment error appearred in α, suppose that this moment, the S actual measurement was 1m, then the error of L has more than the 50m, so it is very high that angle α requires the accuracy of instrument itself when this interval value, same like this can cause cost directly through raising.In sum, when α can not satisfy creation purpose of the present utility model when (0,1 °) is interval, be not suitable for the use of general civil area yet.
When angle α in (45 °, 90 °) are interval during value, S can be less than L, for the utility model, try to achieve L and do not have practical significance by measuring S this moment again, not in the discussion scope.
When angle α at (14 °, 45 °) interval in during value, the value of 1/tg α is very little, the value of 1/tg α is 1.732 during as α=30 °, though this moment, L was to the measuring error of S and insensitive to the adjustment error of the α angle of instrument itself, but when big range observation was measured, it is pretty troublesome that the measurement of S can become.When for example α gets above-mentioned 30 °, when the target about 20m is carried out range observation, the S of its required survey has tens meters approximately, this is very difficult in actual use, therefore do not possess practical significance, so in this interval, can not satisfy creation purpose of the present utility model during value as angle α to big range observation.
When angle α at [1 °, 14 °] interval in during value, the value of its 1/tg α is between 57.29 to 4.01, can take into account L this moment to the measuring error of S and to the susceptibility of instrument α angle adjustment error and the convenience of practical operation, and do not need to measure S by the precision measurement apparatus of special use, in this is interval, could well satisfy of the present utility model creation purpose during value so have only as α.
In the utility model, described laser beam generating device comprises: the laser instrument of a visible collimated laser beam of projection, on the projected path of collimated laser beam, be provided with spectroscope, on spectroscopical beam split light path, be provided with catoptron, 0.5 ° to 7 ° angle is wherein arranged between the minute surface of spectroscope and catoptron, and the normal plane of spectroscope and catoptron is basically parallel to the collimated laser beam that laser instrument produces.The visible collimated laser beam that laser instrument produces is behind spectroscope, so because generation transmission and reflection form two bundle beam split laser beam, wherein a beam split laser beam is outwards throwed with another beam split laser beam after mirror reflects.When between catoptron and the spectroscopical minute surface 0.5 ° to 7 ° angle being arranged, the angle of its reflection lasering beam or transmission laser interfascicular is 1 ° to 14 °; When the normal plane of spectroscope and catoptron was basically parallel to the visible collimated laser beam of laser instrument generation, then collimated laser beam, transmission laser bundle, reflection lasering beam had the characteristic of basic coplane.In addition, because this structure has only used a laser instrument to produce two bundle laser beam, so help the reduction of the utility model manufacturing cost.
In the utility model, described generating device of laser comprises: the laser instrument of two visible collimated laser beams of projection, be provided with collimation lens in the laser instrument, collimated laser beam overlaps substantially with the optical axis of collimation lens, and the optical axis of the collimation lens of two-laser is in the parallel plane substantially and 1 ° to 14 ° angle is arranged between the two.Also can produce required laser beam by two-laser the utility model, and such structure helps to simplify the calibration procedure to the laser beam projecting direction, can enhance productivity.
In the utility model, described housing is provided with level and vertical definite device.By this device, when the distance of level or vertical direction is measured, can reduce measuring error.And utilize this device, and can make laser beam formation level or vertical laser spots, line on object, the reference point, the line that can be used as construction use.
In the utility model, be provided with self leveling mechanism in the described housing, described laser beam generating device is connected on the swing component of self leveling mechanism.Utilize Anping mechanism can make the laser beam of automatic generation level of this practicality or vertical projection, it can reduce measuring error to when the distance of level or vertical direction is measured; In addition, it is formation level or vertical laser spots, line on object, and the reference point, the line that can be used as construction use; And owing to above-mentionedly utilize Anping mechanism to realize automatically,, has easy to use, advantage efficiently so need not manual calibration.
In the utility model, described housing is the blade of surveyor's staff, is provided with horizontal levelling bubble and vertical air level on the blade of surveyor's staff.After housing of the present utility model is made the surveyor's staff blade, can not only finish the new creation purpose of this practicality, and can also use, have the advantage of one-machine-multi-function, thereby satisfy consumer's demand value-for-money as laser level chi and light water leveling ruler.
In the utility model, be provided with the lens that collimated laser beam can be refracted as fan-shaped flat laser beam in the described housing.When the covering of the fan vertical plane F of two fan-shaped flat laser beam, it can form two parallel laser fine rules when being incident upon the measured object surface, can help to improve measuring accuracy like this, and the reference data line that this in addition laser rays also can be used as construction uses.
In the utility model, described lens are connected on the switching device shifter, and switching device shifter is provided with and makes lens move into/shift out the mechanism of visible collimated laser beam projected path.By this switching device shifter, the utility model promptly can outwards throw visible collimated laser beam also can outwards throw the flat laser beam of fan-shaped bolt for fastening a door from outside, and can constitute the mutual combination of various ways, and specifically can carry out freely selecting according to actual operating position, have flexible, practical advantage.The utility model can form the laser dot at the measured object upper surface when directly outwards throwing collimated laser beam, is applicable to longer-distance measurement; Aforesaid, when outside projection be the fan-shaped flat laser beam of two bundle vertical plane F the time, the utility model can form the laser fine rule that bar is parallel to each other on the measured object surface, can play the requirement that improves measuring accuracy; When outside projection be the orthogonal fan-shaped flat laser beam of two bundles the time, the utility model can form very useful " a ten " word at body surface and intersect datum line; Certainly the utility model also can form a laser rays and a laser spots at measured surface, and Laser Measurement is put the vertical range of laser rays also can be in the hope of tested distance L.
In the utility model, described spectroscope and catoptron are connected on the switching device shifter, also be connected with the lens that collimated laser beam can be refracted as fan-shaped flat laser beam on switching device shifter, switching device shifter is provided with and makes described spectroscope and lens move into/shift out the mechanism that visible collimated laser beam projected path is switched.When spectroscope was on the collimated laser beam projected path, lens shifted out projected path, and the utility model can be 1 ° to 14 ° collimated laser beam with a laser instrument projection angle; When lens are on the collimated laser beam projected path, spectroscope shifts out projected path, the utility model can outwards throw the flat laser beam of fan-shaped bolt for fastening a door from outside, and because laser beam in advance without beam split, so the fan-shaped flat laser beam intensity that this moment, lens formed is big, can form brighter laser rays at body surface.Therefore by this device, the utility model can not only be realized creation purpose of the present utility model with a laser instrument, and can finish the routing function identical with laser marker.
In the utility model, described angle is 5.7106 °.Because the angle between two laser is 5.7106 °, so distance L can be expressed as: L=10S.Be that L and S are 10 times of direct ratios, even use common steel tape also can record the L of big distance rapidly like this, as long as measured value be multiply by 10, and its measuring error is about positive and negative 2cm, the hand held ultrasonic range finder that is higher than in the market to be sold, it measures range also greater than the hand held ultrasonic range finder, has more absolute predominance on price.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a principle schematic of the present utility model.
Fig. 2-1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2-2 is the G-G cut-open view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment:
In conjunction with shown in Figure 2: the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model comprises: housing 1, horizontal levelling bubble 2, vertical air level 3, catoptron 4, switching device shifter 5, spectroscope 6, spectroscope base 7, battery cavities lid 8, metal installation base 9, laser instrument 10, battery 11, rocker type switch 12, line lens 13.
Be further described below in conjunction with the structure of accompanying drawing this enforcement:
Shown in 2-1, Fig. 2-2, housing 1 internal fixation has metal installation base 9, be provided with switching device shifter 5 in the chute on metal installation base 9 right sides, switching device shifter 5 can slide in chute, laser instrument 10 is connected the left side of metal installation base 9 by screw, and the collimated laser beam of laser instrument 10 projections can be a level by the screw adjustment.Catoptron 4 is glued on the inclined-plane on switching device shifter 5 right sides, and spectroscope base 7 is connected by screw on its right end face of switching device shifter 5, and spectroscope 6 is glued on the spectroscope base 7.Shown in cut-open view G-G, also fix wired lens 13 on the switching device shifter 5, when spectroscope 6 just is in the light hole front side of laser instrument 10, collimated laser beam will project on the spectroscope 6, owing to taking place, transmission and reflection produce transmission laser bundle and reflection lasering beam, the transmission laser bundle still keeps horizontal direction to pass through the directly outwards projection of light-emitting window on housing right side, reflector laser is turned back behind the certain angle projection to catoptron 4, and after the reflection of catoptron 4, directly outwards throw from light-emitting window, by the attachment screw on the adjustment spectroscope base 7, can accurately calibrate the angle between spectroscope 6 and catoptron 4 minute surfaces, in the present embodiment, two minute surface angles are 2.8553 °, therefore transmission laser bundle and catoptron 4 outside laser light reflected interfasciculars have 5.7106 ° angle, and the intersection point of two laser reverse extending line overlaps substantially with the left surface of housing 1; When line lens 13 just are in the light hole front side of laser instrument 10, collimated laser beam will project on the line lens 13, outwards throw a fan-shaped flat laser beam because refraction takes place.The top of metal installation base 9 is fixed with horizontal levelling bubble 2 and vertical air level 3, and by observing air level, the transmission laser bundle in the present embodiment can projection of maintenance level or vertical projection.The bottom of housing 1 is provided with battery cavities, and battery 11 is located in the battery cavities, and the battery cavities bottom is provided with battery cavities lid 8, and battery cavities lid 8 can prevent that battery 11 from dropping out from battery cavities.The left surface of housing 1 is installed with a rocker type switch 12, can control the break-make of the circuit of laser instrument 10.
In conjunction with shown in Figure 3: the structure of another embodiment of the present utility model comprises: go up switching device shifter 14, protecgulum 15, plumb line lens 16, mount pad 17, last laser instrument 18, vertical level bubble seat 19, vertical air level 20, housing 21, horizontal levelling bubble 22, horizontal levelling bubble seat 23, rocker type switch 24, bonnet 25, battery cavities lid 26, battery 27, following laser instrument 28, horizontal line lens 29, following switching device shifter 30.
Be further described below in conjunction with the structure of accompanying drawing this enforcement:
As shown in Figure 3, be fixed with mount pad 17 in the inner chamber of housing 21 left end, the its right end face of mount pad 17 has been screwed laser instrument 18 and following laser instrument 28 respectively, the laser beam that adjustment by screw can make two-laser project keeps specific angle, the angle of two laser is that the intersection point of the reverse extending line of 5.7106 ° and two laser overlaps substantially with the housing right flank in the present embodiment, and the collimated laser beam that wherein descends laser instrument 28 to produce is a horizontal direction.In the chute of mount pad 17 left end face, be provided with switching device shifter 14 and following switching device shifter 30; wherein go up switching device shifter 14 and be provided with plumb line lens 16; following switching device shifter 30 is provided with horizontal line lens 29; plumb line lens 16 are positioned on the collimation laser beam path of laser instrument projection also this laser beam are refracted as a vertical fan-shaped flat laser beam; instantly switching device shifter 30 is to making horizontal line lens 29 be positioned at the fan-shaped flat laser beam of the level that also this laser beam is refracted as on the collimation laser beam path that laser instrument throws down after the lower slider; this moment, this two laser can form a visible cross wire at body surface; the leftmost side of mount pad 17 is fixed with protecgulum 15, and protecgulum 15 plays the effect of protection interior arrangement.Its right end face of housing 21 is fixed with bonnet 25, the top of bonnet 25 is installed with two rocker type switches 24, can control the break-make of the circuit of laser instrument 18 and following laser instrument 28 respectively, the bottom of bonnet 25 is provided with battery cavities, battery 27 is located in the battery cavities, the battery cavities right side is provided with battery cavities lid 26, can prevent that battery 27 from dropping out from the chamber; The last plane at housing 21 middle parts is fixed with horizontal levelling bubble seat 23, horizontal levelling bubble seat 23 internal fixation have horizontal levelling bubble 22, vertical air level 20 is fixed on the middle part in housing 21 left sides by vertical level bubble seat 19, by observing air level, the collimated laser beam of laser instrument 28 generations can projection of maintenance level or vertical projection down in the present embodiment.
In conjunction with shown in Figure 4: the structure of another embodiment of the present utility model comprises: housing 31, laser instrument 32, swing component 33, outer bearing carrier 34, inner pedestal 35, catoptron 36, spectroscope 37, spectroscope base 38, battery cavities lid 39, battery 40, rocker type switch 41.
Be further described below in conjunction with the structure of accompanying drawing this enforcement:
As shown in Figure 4, by screw retention outer bearing carrier 34 is arranged in the housing 31, be provided with rolling bearing in two dead eyes of outer bearing carrier 34, the spindle nose at inner pedestal 35 two ends lays respectively in the endoporus of two rolling bearings, swing component 33 is connected with the rolling bearing that is fixed on inner pedestal 35 middle parts by bearing pin, as shown in the figure, because of the axis of two groups of rolling bearings is vertical mutually, so swing component 33 can be realized freely swinging of two-freedom.Laser instrument 32 is connected the left side of swing component 33 by screw, and the collimated laser beam of laser instrument 32 projections can be a level by the screw adjustment.Catoptron 36 is glued on the inclined-plane on swing component 33 right sides, spectroscope base 38 is connected on its right end face of swing component 33 by screw, spectroscope 37 is glued on the spectroscope base 38 and just is positioned at the light hole front side of laser instrument 32, after projecting spectroscope 37, collimated laser beam can produce transmission laser bundle and reflection lasering beam, the transmission laser bundle still keeps horizontal direction to pass through the directly outwards projection of light-emitting window on housing right side, reflector laser is turned back behind the certain angle projection to catoptron 36, and after the reflection of catoptron 36, directly outwards throw from light-emitting window, by the attachment screw on the adjustment spectroscope base 38, can accurately calibrate the angle between spectroscope 37 and catoptron 36 minute surfaces, in the present embodiment, two minute surface angles are 2.8553 °, therefore transmission laser bundle and catoptron 36 outside laser light reflected interfasciculars have 5.7106 ° angle, and the intersection point of two laser reverse extending line overlaps substantially with the left surface of housing 31.Because swing component 33 can be realized freely swinging of two-freedom, so even certain inclination takes place in housing 31 under action of gravity, swing component 33 also can produce corresponding angle compensation and maintain the original state constant, so the collimated laser beam of laser instrument 32 projections can keep level automatically, need not manual calibration.The bottom of housing 31 is provided with battery cavities, and battery 40 is located in the battery cavities, and the battery cavities bottom is provided with battery cavities lid 39, and battery cavities lid 39 can prevent that battery 40 from dropping out from battery cavities; The left surface of housing 31 is installed with a rocker type switch 41, can control the break-make of the circuit of laser instrument 32.

Claims (10)

1. a laser comprises: be provided with power supply and laser beam generating device in the housing of laser, housing is provided with light-emitting window; It is characterized in that: described laser beam generating device is a kind ofly to produce that two bundles are positioned at parallel plane substantially at least and angle is the laser beam generating device of 1 ° to 14 ° visible collimated laser beam.
2. a kind of laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser beam generating device comprises: the laser instrument of a visible collimated laser beam of projection, on the projected path of collimated laser beam, be provided with spectroscope, on spectroscopical beam split light path, be provided with catoptron, 0.5 ° to 7 ° angle is wherein arranged between the minute surface of spectroscope and catoptron, and the normal plane of spectroscope and catoptron is basically parallel to the collimated laser beam that laser instrument produces.
3. a kind of laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described generating device of laser comprises: the laser instrument of two visible collimated laser beams of projection, be provided with collimation lens in the laser instrument, collimated laser beam overlaps substantially with the optical axis of collimation lens, and the optical axis of the collimation lens of two-laser is in the parallel plane substantially and 1 ° to 14 ° angle is arranged between the two.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of laser, it is characterized in that: described housing is provided with level and vertical definite device.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of laser, it is characterized in that: be provided with self leveling mechanism in the described housing, described laser beam generating device is connected on the swing component of self leveling mechanism.
6. a kind of laser according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described housing is the blade of surveyor's staff, is provided with horizontal levelling bubble and vertical air level on the blade of surveyor's staff.
7. according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of laser, it is characterized in that: be provided with the lens that collimated laser beam are refracted as fan-shaped flat laser beam in the described housing.
8. a kind of laser according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described lens are connected on the switching device shifter, and switching device shifter is provided with and makes lens move into/shift out the mechanism of visible collimated laser beam projected path.
9. a kind of laser according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described spectroscope and catoptron are connected on the switching device shifter, on switching device shifter, also be connected with the lens that collimated laser beam can be refracted as fan-shaped flat laser beam, switching device shifter is provided with and makes described spectroscope and lens move into/shift out the mechanism that visible collimated laser beam projected path is switched.
10. according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of laser, it is characterized in that: described angle is 5.7106 °.
CN 200620100205 2006-01-05 2006-01-05 Laser instrument Expired - Fee Related CN2881542Y (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102278972A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-12-14 大连理工大学 Digital laser range finder capable of video capture
TWI460392B (en) * 2012-07-13 2014-11-11
CN104776796A (en) * 2014-01-13 2015-07-15 西安中科光电精密工程有限公司 Optical transmitter for indoor space coordinate measurement and control method thereof
CN108106598A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 江苏冠达通电子科技有限公司 A kind of new pattern laser sensor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102278972A (en) * 2011-06-03 2011-12-14 大连理工大学 Digital laser range finder capable of video capture
TWI460392B (en) * 2012-07-13 2014-11-11
CN104776796A (en) * 2014-01-13 2015-07-15 西安中科光电精密工程有限公司 Optical transmitter for indoor space coordinate measurement and control method thereof
CN104776796B (en) * 2014-01-13 2018-11-23 西安中科光电精密工程有限公司 A kind of optical launcher and its control method for interior space measurement of coordinates
CN108106598A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 江苏冠达通电子科技有限公司 A kind of new pattern laser sensor

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