CN2856988Y - Fruit size compensating system for on-line light characteristic of detecting inside quality of fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fruit dimension compensating system for on-line detection of the light characteristic of the fruit internal quality, which comprises a conveying unit, a dimension testing unit, a dimension compensating unit and a driving unit, wherein the fruit moves in the conveying unit at a rolling state, the dimension testing unit obtains the dimension information of the fruit, an encoder obtains the position information of the fruit, the position information and the dimension information are transmitted to the control unit to execute analysis processing, and then the control information is transmitted to the driving unit and the dimension compensating unit executes dimension compensation. The fruit dimension compensating device and method for on-line detection of the light characteristic of the fruit internal quality are capable of making the detection position of the fruit always be in the equator surface of the fruit, making the detection device obtain the detection information at an optimal position, improving the speed, accuracy and validity of the on-line detection of the internal quality of the fruit, and improving the automation level of the non-destructive test for internal quality of fruit.

Description

Fruit size compensation system for online detection of optical characteristics of fruit internal quality

technical field

The utility model relates to a fruit size compensation system for on-line detection of the internal quality and light characteristics of fruits, in particular to a system for on-line detection of spherical fruits or spherical agricultural products.

Background technique

On-line non-destructive testing based on the optical characteristics of the internal quality of fruits has attracted more and more people's attention, because it is non-destructive and fast in detection speed, and can well meet the requirements of factory fruit post-harvest processing and grading, and has become an online internal quality inspection and grading of fruit. one of the important methods. At present, the online non-destructive testing device for the internal quality of fruits is immature and there are many problems: such as the detection accuracy and detection speed need to be improved. Many of these problems are solved by improving the stability and adaptability of the online prediction model, and by considering the environmental factors of online detection and proposing corresponding model compensation algorithms. For an online detection device, a good model can improve the accuracy of online detection, but a certain compensation method and device can accurately locate the detection position of the fruit to improve the effectiveness of the optical signal and improve the accuracy of online detection.

U.S. Patent US65635791 B1 introduces an adjustable infrared emitting and receiving device, but its structure is complex, and there are certain difficulties in its implementation. Compensation for the distance between the probe and the fruit surface is not taken into account. Other online non-destructive testing devices based on the optical characteristics of the internal quality of the fruit do not consider the method of detecting the size of the fruit when the fruit is rolling, and do not consider compensating for the detection error caused by the size of the fruit. It is very necessary to use an effective detection size compensation method and device, combined with the unique appearance and shape characteristics of fruits, to improve the accuracy of online detection and to achieve the accuracy of online detection of fruit internal quality.

For different fruits, the internal quality accuracy will vary due to different detection positions, so that when the internal quality detection is required for the same fruit, the same detection position of the fruit can accurately reflect its internal quality.

At present, the methods of detecting the internal quality of fruits by using the optical characteristics of fruits can be basically divided into reflection methods and transmission methods.

Reflection method: During the detection, the detection device emits detection light to the detection fruit, and the detection device detects the reflected light on the same side, and the internal quality information of the fruit is obtained through analysis. There are certain problems in the current detection method: the height of the light irradiated by this type of device and the detection probe are fixed. If the size of the fruit to be tested is not uniform, the detection position for each fruit will be different. The detection position is not consistent with the detection position of the fruit during modeling, which causes a large detection error.

Transmission method: During detection, the detection device emits detection light to the detection fruit, and the detection device detects the transmitted light on the other side, and the internal quality information of the fruit is obtained through analysis. Since the transmitted light signal is very weak, if the detection probe is fixed, the distance between the detection probe and the surface of the fruit is affected by the size of the fruit during the detection, and the intensity of the detected light signal also changes accordingly, which affects the detection accuracy. For the change of detection accuracy caused by the change of fruit detection position due to the change of fruit size, it still exists in the transmission method.

To sum up, when using the optical characteristics of fruit for online detection of fruit internal quality, the change of fruit size will cause the change of fruit detection position, which will cause the change of detection accuracy; and for the transmission method, the detection accuracy should also be considered after the change of fruit size. The loss of optical signal transmission caused by the change of the distance between the probe and the fruit surface and the change of the detection accuracy.

In short, when using the optical characteristics of fruit to carry out online detection of fruit internal quality, the influence of fruit size on the detection accuracy should be considered.

Utility model content

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a fruit size compensation system serving the on-line detection of the internal quality and light characteristics of the fruit. By detecting the size of the fruit and performing appropriate compensation, the detection position of the fruit during detection is in line with that of the fruit. The detection positions established by the internal quality detection model are basically the same, so as to ensure the detection accuracy.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a fruit size compensation system for on-line detection of the internal quality and light characteristics of fruits, including a conveying unit, a size compensation unit, a size detection unit, an encoder, a control unit and a drive unit; The unit and the size compensation unit are sequentially arranged on the conveying unit; the encoder is connected to the size detection unit through wires; the encoder and the size detection unit are respectively connected to the control unit, the control unit is connected to the drive unit, and the drive unit is connected to the size compensation unit.

The conveying unit includes a driving sprocket, a friction belt, a chain, a roller, a small shaft, a friction belt roller, a tensioning wheel and a speed regulating motor, and the chain is wound around the two driving sprockets, and there is a supporting connection between the two chains The frame is connected to form the skeleton structure of the conveyor belt; the roller is installed on the chain through the small shaft; the friction belt is wrapped around the friction roller and the tension roller, the roller is pressed on the friction belt, and the speed regulating motor is connected with the friction roller.

The size compensation unit includes a bridge frame, rack one, irradiation device, slider one, bracket one, x-axis driving gear, slider three, bracket three, gear two, z-axis driving gear, slider two, bracket two, detection Probe, stepping motor 1 and stepping motor 2; bracket 1 and bracket 3 are fixedly connected, bracket 1 and bracket 2 are fixedly connected through the bridge, bracket 2 and slider 3 are fixedly connected, bracket 1, bridge, bracket 2 and bracket Three forms the shape of "mouth"; the irradiation device is fixedly connected to the first slider, and the detection probe is fixedly connected to the second slider; the first slider can move in the dovetail groove of the bracket one, and the slider two can move in the dovetail groove of the bracket two, Slider 3 can move in the dovetail groove of bracket 3; Rack 1 is fixed on the outside of Slider 1, and Rack 2 is fixed on the lower side of Slider 3; the z-axis drive gear meshes with rack 1, and the x-axis drives gear with Two racks are meshed; the z-axis drive gear is connected with the z-axis drive stepper motor through the shaft, and the x-axis drive gear is connected with the x-axis drive stepper motor through the shaft; the z-axis drive stepper motor and the x-axis drive stepper motor are connected through wires Connected to the drive unit.

The size detection unit includes a light emitter, a light detector and a size detection controller; the light emitter includes a group of light-emitting diodes, and the light detector includes a group of light-sensitive elements; The controller is connected, the encoder and the control unit are respectively connected to the size detection controller through wires.

The control unit includes a fruit size compensation unit for the x-axis direction and a fruit size compensation unit for the z-axis direction, and the control unit is respectively connected with the encoder and the size detection controller of the size detection unit.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model realizes the automatic adjustment of the irradiation device and the detection probe of the size compensation unit, regardless of the size change of the fruit, the irradiation light always irradiates the equatorial position of the fruit, and the detection probe is automatically adjusted to the position between the equatorial surface of the fruit. The best detection position between the two, the effective collection of transmitted light. By ensuring the consistency of detection conditions, the transmitted light of fast-moving fruits can be effectively extracted, the accuracy of online fruit detection can be improved, and the automation level of online nondestructive detection of internal quality based on the optical characteristics of fruits can be improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is overall schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the conveying unit;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in direction B of Fig. 1;

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the small axis structure;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the roller structure;

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the size compensation unit structure;

Fig. 7 is the C direction diagram of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a working flow chart of the size compensation unit;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the size detection unit.

Reference signs:

1. Conveyor unit; 2. Size compensation unit; 3. Size detection unit; 4. Fruit; 5. Encoder; 6. Control unit; 7. Drive unit; 8. Detection position;

101, driving sprocket; 102, friction belt; 103, chain; 104, roller; 105, friction belt roller; 106, tensioning wheel; 107, speed regulating motor; 108, small shaft;

201, bridge frame; 202, rack one; 203, irradiation device; 204, slider one; 205, bracket one; 206, z-axis drive gear; 207, z-axis drive stepper motor; 208 slider three; 209, bracket 3; 2010, x-axis driving gear; 2011, x-axis driving stepping motor; 2012, rack 2; 2013, slider 2; 2014, bracket 2; 2015, detection probe;

301. Light emitter; 302. Detection light beam; 303. Light detector; 304. Size detection controller.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment further describe the utility model in detail.

The design of the fruit size compensation system in the fruit online detection device is described in Figure 1 to Figure 8.

As shown in Figure 1, the size compensation system is composed of a conveying unit 1, a size compensation unit 2, a size detection unit 3, an encoder 5, a control unit 6, a drive unit 7 and the like.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the conveying unit includes a drive sprocket 101, a friction belt 102, a chain 103, a roller 104, a friction belt roller 105, a tensioning wheel 106, a speed regulating motor 107, a small shaft 108 and a supporting connection frame 109.

The chain 103 surrounds the two driving sprockets 101, and there is a support connecting frame 109 between the two chains to form the skeleton structure of the conveyor belt; the roller 104 is installed on the chain 103 through the small shaft 108, and the friction belt 102 is wrapped around the friction belt On the roller 105 and the tension pulley 106, the roller 104 is pressed on the friction belt 102, and the speed regulating motor 107 is connected with the friction belt roller 105.

As shown in Figure 3, the small shaft 108 passes through the central axis of the roller 104 and is connected with the roller 104. turn up;

As shown in FIG. 4 , the structure of the small shaft 108 is a round shaft at both ends and a square shaft in the middle.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the axial position of the roller 104 is a square hole, and the roller 104 is connected with the small shaft through the square hole, and the two are clearance fit.

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the size compensation unit 2 consists of a bridge frame 201, a rack one 202, an irradiation device 203, a slider one 204, a bracket one 205, a z-axis driving gear 206, a motor 207, a slider three 208, Bracket 3 209, x-axis driving gear 2010, x-axis driving stepper motor 2011, rack 2 2012, slider 2 2013, bracket 2 2014, detection probe 2015, etc.

Bracket 1 205 is fixedly connected with bracket 3 209, bracket 1 205 and bracket 2 2014 are fixedly connected by bridge frame 201, bracket 2 2014 is fixedly connected with slider 3 208, bracket 1 205, bridge frame 201, bracket 2 2014 and bracket 3 209 The shape of "mouth" is formed; the irradiation device 203 is fixedly connected to the slider one 204, and the detection probe 2015 is fixedly connected to the slider two 2013; the slider one 204 can move in the z-axis direction in the dovetail groove of the bracket one 205, and the slider The second 2013 can move in the z-axis direction in the dovetail groove of the bracket two 2014, and the slider three 208 can move in the x-axis direction in the dovetail groove of the bracket three 209; the rack one 202 is fixed on the outside of the slider one 204, and the The second bar 2012 is fixed on the lower side of the slider three 208; the z-axis driving gear 206 meshes with the rack one 202, and the x-axis driving gear 2010 meshes with the second rack 2012; the z-axis driving gear 206 drives stepping through the axis and the z-axis The motor 207 is connected, the x-axis drive gear 2010 is connected with the x-axis drive stepper motor 2011 through a shaft; the z-axis drive stepper motor 207 and the x-axis drive stepper motor 2010 are connected to the drive unit 7 by wires.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the size detection unit 3 includes a light emitter 301 , a light detector 303 and a size detection controller 304 ; the light emitter 301 includes a set of light emitting diodes, and the light detector 303 is a set of light sensitive elements. The light emitter 301 and the light detector 303 are respectively connected to the size detection controller 304 through wires. The fruit size corresponding to each light detector 303 is determined through experiments, and stored in the size detection controller 304 in table form.

The encoder 5 is installed on the axis of a drive sprocket 101 . The output signal of the encoder 5 is respectively connected with the size detection controller 304 and the control unit 6 through wires.

The control unit 6 includes a fruit size compensation unit in the x-axis direction and a fruit size compensation unit in the z-axis direction, which are used to realize the processing and integration of the input and output control signals; wherein a set of preset values before detection is stored in advance; The control unit 6 is connected with the detection controller of the encoder 5 and the size detection unit 3 respectively;

The following describes the working process in conjunction with Figure 8:

① Before the detection of the fruit 4 along the conveying direction starts, the position height value of the irradiation device 203 and the detection probe 2015 is preset, and the distance value between the detection probe 2015 and the detection center is preset.

②The detection starts, the fruit 4 is conveyed by the conveying unit, rotates at a certain speed on the roller 104 on the conveyor belt 107, and performs size detection in the rolling state;

③The fruit whose position information is determined by the encoder 5 passes through the first and second size detection positions of the size detection unit 3 successively, and the obtained size information and position information are input to the control unit 6 to obtain accurate fruit size values;

④ The fruit size information obtained by the control unit 6 is combined with the preset initial value and the feedback information of the size compensation unit 2, and the output control signal is given to the drive unit 7 through integration and calculation, and the drive unit 7 drives the compensation unit 2 according to the input control signal;

⑤When the fruit reaches the detection position, the size compensation unit 2 drives the z-axis drive gear 206 for adjusting the height of the irradiation device 203 through the z-axis drive stepper motor 207 according to the control signal, and the gear meshed with the z-axis drive gear 206 The first bar 202 and the slider one 204 fixedly connected with the rack one 202 can move along the z-axis direction with the rotation of the z-axis driving gear 206, and the irradiation device 203 installed on the slider one 204 moves along the z-axis Adjust the position in the z-axis direction so that the irradiation light is irradiated on the equator of the surface of the fruit to be tested; the detection probe 2015 fixedly connected together through the bridge 201 is synchronously adjusted in the z-axis direction so that the detection probe 2015 always collects images from the equatorial position of the fruit. Information about transmitted light;

⑥ A set of compensation system with the same structure as described above is used to independently compensate the distance between the detection probe 2015 and the fruit surface. When the fruit reaches the detection position, the drive unit 7 is driven according to the control signal to adjust the distance between the detection probe 2015 and the fruit surface The x-axis drive gear 2010, the second rack 2012 meshing with the x-axis drive gear 2010 and the slider three 208 fixedly connected to the rack move along the x-axis direction with the rotation of the x-axis drive gear 2010, and are fixed on The bracket 2 2014 on the slider 3 208 drives the detection probe 2015 to adjust the corresponding position, so that the distance between the detection probe 2015 and the equatorial surface of the fruit is kept at an optimal position, thereby greatly improving the effective collection of transmitted light information inside the fruit. improvement.

As shown in Figure 9, the principle of fruit size detection is: when the measured fruit arrives at the detection position of the sensor, the fruit is located between the light emitter 301 and the light detector 303, which partially blocks the detection optical path, and the size detection controller 304 moves from bottom to top. When detecting the signal of the photodetector 303 and finding the light detection information of the first photodetector 303 that is not blocked by the fruit, the size of the fruit can be determined by looking up the table according to the photodetector 303 number.

The control unit 6 includes a fruit size compensation unit for the x-axis direction and a fruit size compensation unit for the z-axis direction.

The compensation principle of the fruit size compensation unit in the z-axis direction is:

①Detect the first fruit: z=d/2-l _z , when z>0, move the compensation to the positive direction of z, and when z<0, move the compensation to the negative direction of z;

②Detect the nth fruit (n>1): z=(d _n -d _n-1 )/2, move the compensation to the positive direction of z when z>0, and move to the negative direction of z when z<0 compensate.

The compensation principle of the fruit size compensation unit in the x-axis direction is:

①Detect the first fruit: x=d/2-l _x , when x>0, move the compensation to the positive direction of x, and when x<0, move the compensation to the negative direction of x;

②Detect the nth fruit (n>1): x=(d _n -d _n-1 )/2, when x>0, move to the positive direction of x for compensation, and when x<0, move to the negative direction of x compensate.

Among them, z is the compensation displacement, l _z and l _x are the initial settings of the irradiation device and the detection probe, and d is the transverse diameter of the fruit.

For example, the size d obtained by the fruit in the rolling state is 58mm. If the first fruit is detected, according to the preset height of the irradiation device l _x =20mm (based on the conveyor belt plane), the calculated compensation amount in the z-axis direction is: z=58mm/2-20mm=9mm. If the nth fruit is detected, the compensation amount in the z-axis direction is: it is known that the size of the n-1th fruit is 58mm, and the size of the nth fruit is 75mm, then z=(75-58)/2mm=8.5 mm. The principle of compensation for the distance between the detection probe and the fruit surface is the same as the above method and will not be described in detail.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible.

The utility model can be summarized in other specific forms that do not violate the spirit and main features of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model can only be considered as explanations of the utility model and cannot limit the utility model. The claims have pointed out the scope of the utility model, and the above description does not Point out the scope of the utility model, therefore, any changes within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims of the utility model should be considered to be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1, the fruit dimension compensation system of the online detection of a kind of fruit internal quality light characteristic comprises supply unit, it is characterized in that, also comprises dimension compensation unit, size detecting unit, scrambler, control module and driver element; Scrambler, size detecting unit and dimension compensation unit are arranged on the supply unit successively; Scrambler is by lead size for connection detecting unit; Scrambler is connected control module respectively with size detecting unit, and control module connects driver element, driver element size for connection compensating unit.

2, fruit dimension compensation according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described supply unit comprises drive sprocket, friction band, chain, roller, little axle, friction band cylinder, stretching pulley and buncher, chain ring is on two drive sprockets, there is the support and connection frame to connect between two chains, constitutes the skeleton structure of conveying belt; Roller is installed on the chain by little axle; The friction band is on friction roll and tightener sheave, and roller is pressed in friction and is with, and buncher is connected with friction roll.

3, fruit dimension compensation according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described dimension compensation unit comprises crane span structure, tooth bar one, irradiation unit, slide block one, support one, x axle driven wheel, slide block three, support three, gear two, z axle driven wheel, slide block two, support two, detection probe, stepper motor one and stepper motor two; Support one is fixedlyed connected with support three, and support one and support two are affixed by the crane span structure three, and support two is affixed with slide block three, and support one, crane span structure, support two and support three constitute " mouth " word shape; Irradiation unit and slide block one are affixed, and detection probe and slide block two are affixed; Slide block one can move in the dovetail groove of support one, and slide block two can move in the dovetail groove of support two, and slide block three can move in the dovetail groove of support three; Tooth bar one is fixed in slide block one outside, and tooth bar two is fixed in slide block three downsides; One engagement of z axle driving gear wheel and rack, two engagements of x axle driving gear wheel and rack; Z axle driven wheel is connected with z axle drive stepping motor by axle, and x axle driven wheel is connected with x axle drive stepping motor by axle; Z axle drive stepping motor and x axle drive stepping motor are connected on the driver element by lead.

4, fruit dimension compensation according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described size detecting unit comprises optical transmitting set, photodetector and size detection controller; Optical transmitting set comprises one group of light emitting diode, and photodetector comprises one group of light sensor; Optical transmitting set is connected with the size detection controller by lead respectively with photodetector, and scrambler and control module detect controller by the lead size for connection respectively.

5, fruit dimension compensation according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described control module comprises and is used for x direction of principal axis fruit dimension compensation unit and z direction of principal axis fruit dimension compensation unit that control module is connected with the size detection controller of scrambler, size detecting unit respectively.

Images