CN2842983Y - Electronic ballast and hing-intensity gas dicharging lamp controller - Google Patents
Electronic ballast and hing-intensity gas dicharging lamp controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN2842983Y CN2842983Y CN 200520127986 CN200520127986U CN2842983Y CN 2842983 Y CN2842983 Y CN 2842983Y CN 200520127986 CN200520127986 CN 200520127986 CN 200520127986 U CN200520127986 U CN 200520127986U CN 2842983 Y CN2842983 Y CN 2842983Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electronic ballast and a high-intensity gas discharge lamp controller. The utility model adopts different structures at different stages of the structure, and the utility model achieves the scheme of time-zone division control; besides, the utility model designs different control techniques according to the different characteristics of a non-triggering stage, a starting stage and a stable-state stage. The utility model is characterized in that at the non-triggering stage, an automatic scanning control technique is adopted in order to make the electron ballast suit the dispersivity of a triggering voltage of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and the triggering voltage is gradually enlarged until the high-intensity gas discharge lamp is triggered; a real-time technique is adopted at the starting stage; at steady-state stage, a constant technique is adopted in order to make the electron ballast suit the parameter dispersivity of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp. The utility model can drive the high-intensity gas discharge lamp of various specifications, types and models, reduce electromagnetic interference and raise the reliability of products, besides, the utility model has the advantages of low cost and high output power grade.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of electronic equipment and control technology field thereof, relates in particular to a kind of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device in a kind of lighting technical field and controlling electric energy and the converter technique field.
Background technology
High-intensity gas discharge lamp (comprise high-pressure sodium lamp and metal halide lamp, hereinafter be generally called the HID lamp) is a member important in the electric light source products, compares with incandescent lamp, and the HID lamp is greatly improved on luminous efficiency.Yet, keep photochromic quality of stability and consistency but not to accomplish so easily.Being of wide application of HID lamp, as shop illumination, display lighting, shopping street illumination, billboard lighting and video display illuminating lamp etc., because its luminous flux is big, has outstanding photochromic performance, can create best illuminating effect, color rendering that it is remarkable and photochromic stability can show the natural true qualities of illuminated object with best state, so the application prospect of HID lamp is very extensive.
For so that understand the utility model, at first introduce the electrical characteristic and the control law of HID lamp.
The typical electrical characteristic of HID lamp is divided into three districts, is respectively the stage of triggering, start-up period and permanent power phase, as shown in Figure 1: be the stage of not triggering when t＜t1; When t1＜t＜t2 is a start-up period; When t＞t2 is permanent power phase.The reason of each working region electrical characteristic of explained later and control corresponding rule.
One, do not trigger the stage
In the stage of not triggering, owing to the gas atom in the bulb is not ionized, so there is not charge carrier to exist between the two poles of the earth of bulb.Therefore in the stage of not triggering, the HID lamp is equivalent to open circuit, and the terminal voltage of lamp is exactly the output voltage of ballast, and the electric current of lamp and power are zero.When the output voltage of ballast reaches the trigger voltage Uk of lamp, gas atom obtains enough energy and is ionized and produces many electronics---ion pair in the lamp, this moment, electronics became free electron, negative electrical charge freely of equivalence, and ion can equivalence be the electric charge of a positively charged.Therefore electronics and ion all can participate in conduction, claim this electronics---and ion pair is a charge carrier.
It is the problem that Design of Digital Ballast person should consider that suitable trigger voltage is provided.In the moment of triggering lamp,, shorten the useful life of lamp if the voltage that ballast provides, triggers the electrode that moment can damage lamp much larger than the trigger voltage Uk of lamp; Yet, if the voltage that ballast provides less than Uk, the gas in the lamp can not be ionized, and can not form arc light, lamp just can not be started working.In a word, providing a suitable trigger voltage is an important problem.Ideal situation is the trigger voltage that voltage that ballast provides equals or be slightly larger than lamp just.But the difficulty that the designer runs into is that to the HID lamp of identical power output, trigger voltage is not a changeless electrical quantity.The HID lamp identical for power output, that type is identical, the bulb that different manufacturers provide, its trigger voltage has bigger difference; The bulb of the same model that same producer provides, its trigger voltage also are different; Even same bulb, its trigger voltage also is subjected to ambient temperature, humidity and factor affecting such as Electric Field Distribution on every side.Therefore, the voltage that ballast provides must be at any time, suitably adjust everywhere, and promptly ballast must have the ability that self adaptation provides trigger voltage.
The moment that the HID lamp is triggered, its electrical characteristic has following two distinguishing features:
Characteristics 1: terminal voltage moment of lamp is 20%～30% rated operational voltage (low pressure) by trigger voltage (very high pressure) transition.
Characteristics 2: electric current moment of lamp jumps to 140%～150% output-current rating by zero.
Above-mentioned two characteristics actings in conjunction can be used for judging whether the HID lamp is triggered.
Two, start-up period
Triggered moment at the HID lamp by the high voltage that ballast provides, gas atom between two electrodes is ionized, form free electron and ion pair, because these free electrons have obtained sufficiently high energy, when other ionized gas atomic time not of these free-electron collisions, the atom that is collided is ionized, form new free electron---ion pair, new free electron can collide other atoms again, produce more freedom electronics and ion pair, therefore producing avalanche effect, free electron---ion pair (being referred to as charge carrier) is unexpected to increase severely.Because this moment, charge carrier all can participate in conduction, formed with two electrodes be the center, that sectional area is bigger, be similar to columniform conducting channel, this moment, lamp presented low resistance characteristic.At this moment, free electron one ion pair is in saturation condition, can provide enough charge carriers for external power.
After lamp triggers, very exist a large amount of free electrons and ion pair in the columniform conducting channel at center with two, these electronics---ion pair will be done diffusion motion and drift motion.Under the effect of two electrode extra electric fields, portions of electronics---ion pair will be moved as directional drift along two electrode direction, form the discharging current of lamp.So this part electronics---ion pair has participated in conduction and has been referred to as charge carrier.Form big concentration gradient because of the axle center from the cylindricality conducting channel to bulb wall again, then another part electronics---ion pair is made diffusion motion from the axle center to tube wall, and electronics and ion are combined into atom in the process of diffusion motion.(make the electronics of diffusion motion---ion pair, though charged can not conduction current, be not charge carrier therefore).These atoms focus on tube wall, and formed bigger atomic concentration gradient difference between the central shaft of conducting channel, atom is made diffusion motion by tube wall to central shaft, arrives the cylindrical conductive raceway groove, because the temperature of newel is higher, electronics obtains enough energy and is ionized once more.The temperature of conducting channel is higher, and it is faster that atom is ionized speed.
In starting process, the speed of ionization is much smaller than electronics---the ion recombination rate.Its reason has two.Reason one is because at the lamp starting initial stage, the gas in the tube wall of bulb, environment on every side, the bulb, cylindrical conductive raceway groove etc. have lower temperature, so the speed of ionization is smaller; Reason two, bigger drift motion makes more electronics---and ion pair participates in conduction, reduces electronics---the ion pair number that participates in diffusion motion.In starting process, the effect of ballast is, restriction also gradually reduces electronics---the ion logarithm that participates in drift, inside and ambient temperature thereof are progressively raise, improving and participate in the diffusion motion electronics---ion pair number and enhancing recombination rate reach the purpose of ionization rate much smaller than recombination rate.In this working condition, the sectional area of conducting channel and the concentration of inner charge carrier are all progressively reducing, and the terminal voltage of lamp progressively raises, and electric current progressively reduces, and its equivalent resistance also progressively increases thereupon, and the loss power of lamp should progressively increase.
From user's angle, in the moment that the HID lamp is triggered, the temperature of the tube wall of lamp equals extraneous ambient temperature, although the temperature of conducting channel is not very high, the temperature of tube wall still is far smaller than the temperature of conducting channel.In the starting process of lamp, because the thermal radiation effect of conducting channel, the temperature of tube wall should evenly rise.Because the center of electric arc can not be positioned at the geometric center position of fluorescent tube just, can make the temperature distributing disproportionation of lamp tube wall even, if starting current is excessive, some local temperature of tube wall is risen rapidly, have little time to conduct towards periphery, cause the lamp tube wall local damage.Correct method is, the electric current of lamp is not too big, and progressively reduces, and voltage and lamp power consumption progressively rise, and the speed that its power output increases should be less than the tube wall thermal conduction rate.On the contrary, if starting current is too small, the temperature in the cylindrical conductive raceway groove is too low, almost can not make atomic ionization, therefore, along with the time increases, electronics-the ion pair that is caused by triggering is because of compound approach exhaustion, thereby arc discharge can't be kept, and the blow-out phenomenon occurs.Therefore need work out reasonable starting rule, reach and to keep arc discharge, the purpose that the bulb wall temperature is evenly raise.The starting control law that this patent proposes is that restriction HID lamp starts the maximum current of moment, progressively reduces the dissipation power of electric current and increase lamp with the rule of index or approximate index.Concrete grammar is, in the moment that lamp is triggered, the electric current of lamp is limited in the rated value of (140%～150%), controls the rated power of the dissipation of lamp for (20%～30%) simultaneously, reaches stable state after after a while.
In starting process, the dissipation power of lamp constantly increases, and the temperature in conducting channel zone will constantly raise.Along with the rising of temperature, the speed of ionization increases greatly, and compound speed then constantly descends.Need to prove that ionization rate increases, help the carrying out of diffusion motion again, reduced electronics---the ion pair that participates in drift motion, the sectional area of conducting channel is reduced gradually.When reaching stable state, the speed of ionization and compound speed approximately equal.But because the temperature of lamp center does not also arrive stable state, along with the constantly slowly rising of temperature of lamp, the speed of ionization is slightly larger than compound speed.
Three, permanent power phase also claims steady-state zone
After the electrical characteristic of lamp reached stable state, because the temperature of lamp center also can slowly increase, the speed of ionization may also increase to some extent; Another reason is, because the enough height of the terminal voltage of lamp adds that the temperature of central area is higher, this also helps to increase ionization rate.The common result of above-mentioned two reasons is that after lamp reached electric stablizing, the speed of ionization was still greater than compound speed, so the gas in the fluorescent tube still has enough electronics---ion pair.The number that participates in the charge carrier of conduction is controlled by external ballast.The electric current that external ballast provides is bigger, and the charge carrier number that participates in conduction is bigger, and its equivalent resistance is littler, and the terminal voltage of lamp is lower.As shown in Figure 2.Therefore the effect of ballast is, after lamp reaches stable state, and main electric current by the control lamp, make the diffusion motion and the drift motion of gas in the lamp all reach stable state, the speed of ionization equals recombination rate just, and the terminal voltage that reaches lamp remains unchanged substantially, realizes permanent power control.At an A place, compositive relation: Vs=Vd+iR between supply voltage Vs, discharge voltage Vd and the discharging current i, R is the equivalent resistance of electric ballast in the formula.
But the method that only adopts stabling current can not realize permanent power control, and reason is that the terminal voltage of lamp is not a fixing constant, even the electric current of lamp is identical.The lamp terminal voltage is not constant, and its reason is as follows:
1, the length of electrical discharge arc is a key factor of decision lamp terminal voltage.Can imagine that electrical discharge arc looks like to tie up to a rubber ribbon of two electric end points, the length of this ribbon is subjected to all multifactor impacts such as the distribution, the direction of motion of gas temperature field in the gravitation, lamp of the putting position of lamp, earth magnetism.Therefore, even adopt the constant current power supply, the terminal voltage of lamp also can because of use from different places, the putting position of lamp do not produce corresponding the variation on an equal basis.
2, the HID lamp of the different manufacturers same model of producing, two distance between electrodes have than big-difference, i.e. the lamp of the same type of same manufacturer production, the distance between the two poles of the earth also has certain dispersiveness.
3, increase the service time along with lamp, two distance between electrodes are in continuous increase, and therefore, pipe is pressed also to be increased.
What therefore, the HID lamp was different with ordinary incandescent lamp is that the HID lamp needs to be used electric ballast ability operate as normal in application process.Electric ballast generally has a kind of typical electronic ballast topography structure and two kinds of modulation techniques at present.
Typical electronic ballast topography structure is the electric ballast topological structure of output low frequency square-wave voltage and electric current, comprises an APFC, voltage-dropping type BUCK converter and inverter.APFC be used to improve input power factor, reduce the high order harmonic component of input current, and provide a constant voltage about 400V for the BUCK converter; The BUCK converter is complementary the electrical characteristic of its output current, voltage and power and lamp as electric current and power governor; Therefore inverter becomes the required AC signal of HID lamp with the output transform of BUCK converter, and there is following shortcoming in this electric ballast: link is many, causes that efficient is low, electromagnetic interference is big.(list of references is: United States Patent (USP), and US, 6,278,245B1)
One of modulation technique is a kind of intermediate frequency Modulation technology, and electric ballast is operated in greater than 20kHz on the some frequency bands less than 100kHz, adopts frequency modulation(FM), angle modulated and amplitude modulation(PAM).Electric ballast adopts spectrum distribution that the purpose of this intermediate frequency Modulation technology is to make power output on a certain frequency range, makes the HID lamp " acoustic resonance " phenomenon occur to avoid too concentrating because of power spectrum.Adopt the major defect of the electric ballast of this intermediate frequency Modulation technology to comprise: the control circuit complexity, can not be widely used in the HID lamp of all size, type and model.(list of references is: United States Patent (USP), and US, 6,184,633B1)
Two of modulation technique is a kind of high frequency modulated technology, and electric ballast is operated on some frequency bands greater than 100kHz.Usually, " acoustic resonance " phenomenon can not appear when the operating frequency of HID lamp during greater than 100kHz.Adopt the major defect of this high frequency modulated technology electric ballast to have: efficient is lower, electromagnetic interference is big, is difficult for reaching the relevant world and request of national standard.(list of references is: United States Patent (USP), and US, 6,181,076B1)
Control technology commonly used at present, when output power of electronic ballast hour, this control technology can satisfy the requirement of high-intensity gas discharge lamp substantially, make system stability work, but experimental result shows, when output power of electronic ballast was big, requirement and system that this control technology can't satisfy high-intensity gas discharge lamp were difficult to steady operation.
The method of a kind of electric ballast that this just needs and the control of HID lamp control device can drive the HID lamp of all size, type and model, raises the efficiency simultaneously, reduces electromagnetic interference, improves reliability of products, reduces cost power output grade height.
The utility model content
In view of above-mentioned existing in prior technology problem, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device, can drive the high-intensity gas discharge lamp of all size, type and model, raise the efficiency simultaneously, reduce electromagnetic interference, improve reliability of products, reduce cost power output grade height.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electric ballast comprises:
Rectifier circuit: input connects AC power, and the AC power of input is carried out exporting the termination circuit of power factor correction after the rectification;
Circuit of power factor correction: input connects rectifier circuit, and the power supply after the rectification is carried out power factor correction, output termination series parallel resonance inverter circuit;
The series parallel resonance inverter circuit: input connects circuit of power factor correction, the power supply after the power factor correction is carried out high-frequency resonant be transformed into the high-frequency ac power that is fit to loaded work piece, the load of output termination.
Described series parallel resonance inverter circuit comprises:
The semibridge system translation circuit: input connects the output of circuit of power factor correction, comprise first power switch pipe, second power switch pipe and first power diode, second power diode, two power switch pipe series connection, the drain electrode of the source electrode of first power switch pipe and second power switch pipe connects the output of circuit of power factor correction, two power diodes are in parallel with two power switch pipes respectively, the negative pole of two power diodes links with the drain electrode of two power switch pipes respectively, and the grid of two power switch pipes links to each other with described drive circuit; The output of semibridge system translation circuit connects the series parallel resonance tank circuit;
The series parallel resonance tank circuit: input termination semibridge system translation circuit, the load of output termination, first electric capacity, inductance and second electric capacity by series connection are successively formed, the series parallel resonance tank circuit is connected in parallel between the drain electrode and source electrode of second power switch pipe, one end of first electric capacity and second and the drain electrode of power switch pipe link, one end of second electric capacity and the source electrode of second power switch pipe link, and load is in parallel with second electric capacity.
Described first power switch pipe and second power switch pipe are IRFP450 type power field effect pipe MOSFET; Or
Described first power diode and second power diode are MUR460; Or
Described inductance is 100 μ H ~ 200 μ H; Or
Described first electric capacity and second electric capacity are 1nF ~ 20nF.
A kind of high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast, comprise electric ballast and:
Drive circuit: be connected with control circuit with electric ballast, the instruction of carrying out control circuit drives electric ballast;
Control circuit: link to each other with signal acquisition circuit with drive circuit, produce control signal according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and control command is issued drive circuit;
Signal acquisition circuit: be connected with electric ballast, high-intensity gas discharge lamp and control circuit, gather the working condition of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp.
Described drive circuit comprises:
Voltage controlled oscillator: the input connection control circuit, output termination T trigger, input voltage signal is exported proportional frequency signal;
The T trigger: input termination voltage controlled oscillator, output is driver connected, the signal of voltage controlled oscillator is carried out two divided-frequency be processed into the anti-phase each other control signal of two-way;
Driver: input is driver connected, and output termination electric ballast comprises first driver and second driver, according to two power switch pipes of the semibridge system translation circuit in the control signal control electric ballast of T trigger output.
Described control circuit comprises:
Control switch: input connects selection mode controller and state controller group, and output connects the voltage controlled oscillator of drive circuit; Export the signal of state controller corresponding in the state controller group to voltage controlled oscillator according to the control signal of selection mode controller;
Selection mode controller: input termination signal acquisition circuit, according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, produce the corresponding control signal of selecting different state controllers, export control switch and state controller group to;
State controller group: comprise one or more state controller, input can connect signal acquisition circuit and/or selection mode controller, the control signal of the electric ballast of gathering according to Acquisition Circuit and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and selection mode controller with the output signal of corresponding state controller as output signal; This output signal exports control switch to through output.
Described state controller group comprises:
Trigger controller: produce and do not trigger the control signal in stage, output connects an input of control switch;
Starter controller: produce the control signal of start-up period, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch;
Constant power controller: the control signal that produces permanent power phase, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch.
Described starter controller comprises:
Starting amplifier: can be error amplifier, an input termination signal acquisition circuit, another input termination exponential voltage generator, output termination control switch;
The exponential voltage generator: state controller is selected in the input selecting, output termination amplifier.
Described constant power controller comprises:
Permanent power amplifier: an input divider, another input are exported the termination control switch by reference voltage source ground connection;
Multiplier: input termination signal acquisition circuit, output termination divider;
Divider: input termination multiplier, output termination amplifier.
Described signal acquisition circuit comprises:
The voltage treatment circuit: input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp, to gather the high-frequency ac voltage signal processing and become d. c. voltage signal, output connects selection mode controller and state controller group;
The current processing circuit: input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp, to gather the high-frequency ac current signal processing and become d. c. voltage signal, output connects selection mode controller and state controller group.
The technical scheme that is provided by above-mentioned the utility model as can be seen, electric ballast of the present utility model and high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device, the structurally different stages has been adopted different structures respectively, realized the scheme of branch time zone control, to high-intensity gas discharge lamp in the stage of not triggering, the different qualities of start-up period and steady-state process has designed different control technologys: adapt to the dispersiveness of high-intensity gas discharge lamp trigger voltage in the stage of not triggering in order to make electric ballast, adopted automatic scan, progressively increase trigger voltage up to the control technology that high-intensity gas discharge lamp triggers, adopt real-time control technology at start-up period; In steady-state process, adapt to the parameter dispersiveness of high-intensity gas discharge lamp in order to make electric ballast, adopt permanent power control techniques.Can drive the high-intensity gas discharge lamp of all size, type and model, raise the efficiency simultaneously, reduce electromagnetic interference, improve reliability of products, reduce cost power output grade height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electric characteristic figure of high-intensity gas discharge lamp;
Fig. 2 is the load characteristic figure of high-intensity gas discharge lamp;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the schematic block circuit diagram of electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of each key point in the circuit of electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 6 is the theory diagram one of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the theory diagram two of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 8 is the output voltage and the time chart of the triggering controller of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Fig. 9 is the structure principle chart of the starter controller of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Figure 10 is the structure principle chart of the constant power controller of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Figure 11, be the control timing figure of the control method of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model;
Figure 12, be in the control procedure of control method of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model, the terminal voltage and the operating frequency graph of a relation of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp before high-intensity gas discharge lamp does not trigger;
Figure 13, be in the control procedure of control method of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on electric ballast described in the utility model, the terminal voltage of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp in the high-intensity gas discharge lamp starting process and operating frequency graph of a relation.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the method for a kind of electric ballast described in the utility model and the control of high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device is as follows:
The embodiment of its electric ballast---embodiment one
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of electric ballast comprises: rectifier circuit, circuit of power factor correction, circuit of power factor correction and series parallel resonance inverter circuit.Described series parallel resonance inverter circuit comprises the semibridge system translation circuit and the series parallel resonance tank circuit.Rectifier circuit connects circuit of power factor correction, semibridge system translation circuit and the series parallel resonance tank circuit successively.Wherein:
Rectifier circuit is made of a bridge rectifier, and input connects AC power, and the AC power of input is carried out exporting the termination circuit of power factor correction after the rectification; Certainly between bridge rectifier and AC power, also can insert filter circuit, before to the AC power rectification, earlier it be carried out filtering.
Circuit of power factor correction: be formed in parallel by a power switch tube S and capacitor C, the source electrode of power switch tube S and the output of drain electrode for input termination rectifier circuit, and between the output of source electrode and rectifier circuit, be in series with first inductance L 1; The source electrode node place in parallel with capacitor C also is in series with capacitor C.The power supply of this circuit after to rectification carries out power factor correction, output termination series parallel resonance inverter circuit.
The series parallel resonance inverter circuit: input connects circuit of power factor correction, the power supply after the power factor correction is carried out high-frequency resonant be transformed into the power supply that is fit to loaded work piece, the load of output termination.
Described series parallel resonance inverter circuit comprises semibridge system translation circuit and series parallel resonance groove circuit.Wherein:
The semibridge system translation circuit: input connects the output of circuit of power factor correction, comprises first power switch tube S
1, second power switch tube S
2With the first power diode D
1, the second power diode D
2, two power switch pipe series connection, first power switch tube S
1The source electrode and second power switch tube S
2Drain electrode connect the output of circuit of power factor correction, two power diodes are in parallel with two power switch pipes respectively, the negative pole of two power diodes links with the drain electrode of two power switch pipes respectively, and the grid of two power switch pipes links to each other with described drive circuit; The output of semibridge system translation circuit connects series parallel resonance groove circuit;
The series parallel resonance tank circuit: input termination semibridge system translation circuit, the load of output termination is by first capacitor C of connecting successively
1, inductance L and second capacitor C
2Form, the series parallel resonance tank circuit is connected in parallel on second power switch tube S
2Drain electrode and source electrode between, first capacitor C
1An end and second and power switch tube S
2Drain electrode link an end of second electric capacity and the S of second power switch pipe
2Source electrode links, the load and second capacitor C
2In parallel.
The first above-mentioned power switch tube S
1With second power switch tube S
2Be IRFP450 type power field effect pipe MOSFET;
The first above-mentioned power diode D
1With the second power diode D
2Be MUR460;
The above-mentioned inductance L and first inductance L
1Be 100 μ H ~ 200 μ H;
Described first capacitor C
1With second capacitor C
2Be 1nF ~ 20nF.
Fig. 5 is the waveform of each key point in the circuit shown in Figure 3: V among the figure (a)
G1With V
G2It is respectively power switch tube S among Fig. 3
1With second power switch tube S
2Drive signal; I among the figure (b)
D1With I
D2Be respectively power diode D among Fig. 3
1With the second power diode D
2Current waveform; I among the figure (c)
S1With I
S2It is respectively power switch tube S among Fig. 3
1With second power switch tube S
2Current waveform; Figure (d) is a power switch tube S
1Voltage waveform; Figure (e) is second power switch tube S
2Voltage waveform.
It is based on the embodiment of the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device of above-mentioned electric ballast---embodiment two
As Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7,
A kind of high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast comprises electric ballast, drive circuit, control circuit and signal acquisition circuit, wherein:
Drive circuit is connected with control circuit with electric ballast, and the instruction of carrying out control circuit drives electric ballast; Drive circuit comprises, voltage controlled oscillator VFO, trigger and driver, wherein:
Voltage controlled oscillator VFO: the input connection control circuit, output connects trigger, and input voltage signal is exported proportional frequency signal.
Trigger: input termination voltage controlled oscillator VFO, output is driver connected, and the signal processing of voltage controlled oscillator VFO is become control signal control; Described trigger adopts the T trigger, and the output signal of voltage controlled oscillator VFO is carried out two divided-frequency and formed anti-phase each other Q of two-way and Q signal.
Driver: input is driver connected, and output termination electric ballast comprises first driver and second driver, according to two power switch pipes of the semibridge system translation circuit in the signal controlling control electric ballast of trigger output.
Control circuit links to each other with signal acquisition circuit with drive circuit, produces control signal according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and control command is issued drive circuit; Control circuit comprises control switch, selection mode controller and state controller group, wherein:
Control switch: input connects selection mode controller and state controller group, and output connects the voltage controlled oscillator VFO of drive circuit; Export the signal of state controller corresponding in the state controller group to voltage controlled oscillator VFO according to the control signal of selection mode controller.
Selection mode controller: input termination signal acquisition circuit, according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, produce the corresponding control signal of selecting different state controllers, export control switch and state controller group to.The selection mode controller has two-way input signal U
01And U
02, the two-way output signal is respectively P
1And P
2Just start shooting moment, switch S is positioned at 1. position.When select state controller detect the lamp end have a downward transition and etc. electric current when a downward transition is arranged, P
2Send signal, make starter controller B
2In index generator start working P simultaneously
1Signal takes place makes switch S be positioned at 2. position.When terminal voltage and the electric current of selecting state controller to detect lamp reach its rated value, P
1Send signal, make switch be positioned at 3. position.
State controller group: comprise one or more state controller, input can connect signal acquisition circuit and/or selection mode controller, the control signal of the electric ballast of gathering according to Acquisition Circuit and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and selection mode controller with the output signal of corresponding state controller as output signal; This output signal exports control switch to through output; Described state controller group comprises triggering controller B1, starter controller B2 and constant power controller B3, wherein:
Trigger controller B1: produce and do not trigger the control signal in stage, output connects an input of control switch.Trigger controller U
B1It is a scanning voltage generator.Its output voltage and time relation are being started shooting moment as shown in Figure 8, trigger controller and start working, and its output voltage is linear to descend its maximum U
HWith minimum value U
LWork as U
B1=U
H, voltage controlled oscillator VFO exports highest frequency, works as U
B1=U
LThe time, corresponding voltage controlled oscillator VFO output low-limit frequency.Automatic scan progressively increases output voltage, and the trigger voltage that provides up to electric ballast equals just or is slightly larger than this moment, this required ground of lamp trigger voltage of this place, and high-intensity gas discharge lamp begins triggering.
Starter controller B2: the control signal that produces start-up period, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch.As shown in Figure 9, starter controller B2 comprises starting amplifier and exponential voltage generator wherein:
Starting amplifier: can be error amplifier, an input termination signal acquisition circuit, another input termination exponential voltage generator, output termination control switch.
The exponential voltage generator: state controller is selected in the input selecting, output termination amplifier.
A1 is an error amplifier in Fig. 9.Control signal P
2Whether the control characteristic voltage generator works.Work as P
2During for high level, the exponential voltage generator is decayed with index law, and provides a parameter voltage for error amplifier A1.
Constant power controller B3: the control signal that produces permanent power phase, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch.Constant power controller B3 as shown in figure 10 comprises permanent power amplifier, multiplier and divider, wherein:
Permanent power amplifier: an input divider, another input are exported the termination control switch by ground capacity ground connection;
Multiplier: input termination signal acquisition circuit, output termination divider;
Divider: input termination multiplier, output termination amplifier.The effect of divider is with a fixed voltage and U
01And U
02Product be divided by, make output signal U
03Be proportional to U
01With U
02Promptly be proportional to power output.
Signal acquisition circuit: be connected with electric ballast, high-intensity gas discharge lamp and control circuit, gather the working condition of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp.Described signal acquisition circuit comprises voltage treatment circuit and current processing circuit, wherein:
The voltage treatment circuit: generally include a voltage sensor, input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp are gathered the high-frequency ac voltage signal processing and are become d. c. voltage signal, and output connects selection mode controller and state controller group; Comprise lamp terminal voltage sampling network, rectifier, filter, its input signal is the terminal voltage U of lamp
Lamp-high frequency ac signal, its output voltage U
01-be similar to direct voltage, U
01Be proportional to U
LampEffective value.
The current processing circuit: generally include a current sensor, input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp are gathered the high-frequency ac current signal processing and are become d. c. voltage signal, and output connects selection mode controller and state controller group.Comprise current sample network, rectifier and filter, its input signal is the electric current I of lamp
Lamp-high-frequency signal, its output voltage U
02, U
02The I that is proportional to
LampEffective value.
For the ease of deeply understanding the utility model, introduce below based on the method for the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device of above-mentioned electric ballast control embodiment---embodiment three
A kind of based on the described method of controlling based on the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device of above-mentioned electric ballast, comprising:
The first step, control circuit drive electric ballast according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the operating state of high-intensity gas discharge lamp by drive circuit; Specifically be divided into following a few step:
1, signal acquisition circuit is gathered the information of the operating state of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and the output control signal is given selection mode controller and state controller group; Specifically also can be divided into following a few step:
(1), the voltage treatment circuit of signal acquisition circuit, gather the high-frequency ac voltage signal U of high-intensity gas discharge lamp
RBecome one and U after treatment
RThe approximate d. c. voltage signal U that effective value is directly proportional
01
Simultaneously,
(2), the current processing circuit of signal acquisition circuit, gather the high-frequency ac current signal I of high-intensity gas discharge lamp
RBecome one and I after treatment
RThe approximate d. c. voltage signal U that effective value is directly proportional
02
And with U
01With U
02Input signal as selection mode controller and state controller group.
2, selection mode controller and state controller group are connected corresponding state controller output and drive circuit according to steps A 1 described control signal by control switch; The control signal of state controller output is outputed to drive circuit; Specifically also can be divided into following a few step:
(1), selection mode controller input two paths of signals U
01With U
02, output two path control signal P
1With P
2
(2), rigidly connecting the energize high-intensity gas discharge lamp when just having started working, do not have control signal P
1With P
2Control switch is connected and is triggered controller and drive circuit;
Perhaps,
After high-intensity gas discharge lamp is triggered, selection mode controller output control signal P
1With P
2, P
1Make control switch connect starter controller and drive circuit; P
2The exponential voltage generator is started working, and starting amplifier output control signal is given drive circuit;
Perhaps,
After high-intensity gas discharge lamp was started, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp operating state reached stable state, and the selection mode controller is exported control signal P again
1, connect constant power controller and drive circuit; The permanent power amplifier output control signal of constant power controller is given drive circuit.
3, drive circuit drives electric ballast work, the course of work of control high-intensity gas discharge lamp.
Second step, electric ballast drive high-intensity gas discharge lamp work according to drive signal at the output signal of telecommunication of the different phase output relevant parameters of high-intensity gas discharge lamp work.Specifically be divided into following a few step:
1, in the stage of not triggering, from triggering the triggering drive signal that controller obtains, the control electric ballast is exported the linear output voltage that increases, and when reaching trigger voltage, high-intensity gas discharge lamp begins to trigger;
Perhaps,
2, at start-up period, starting drive signal from the starter controller acquisition, this starting drive signal is along with the output voltage that electric ballast output adapts to starting characteristic, high-intensity gas discharge lamp normal starting are made in the variation control of the operating current of high-intensity gas discharge lamp in real time;
Perhaps,
3, in stationary operational phase, permanent power drive signal from the constant power controller acquisition, this permanent power drive signal is subjected to the operating current of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the closed-loop control of operating voltage, what electric ballast was exported is one group of parameter of power invariability, and high-intensity gas discharge lamp is operated in the stationary operational phase of firm power.
The detailed process of control procedure is as follows:
The sequential chart of control circuit work as shown in figure 11.The time zone 1. corresponding automatic scan progressively increase output voltage and equal till the trigger voltage of lamp up to output voltage, 1. finish in the time zone, 2. the time zone begins, by that analogy.
1, do not trigger the stage control law:
Figure 12 is given in and does not trigger stage electric ballast output voltage U
LampAnd the relation between the operating frequency.In Figure 11, when the moment of start, in the t=0 moment, switch S links to each other with triggering controller B1, and this triggers the output voltage U of controller B1 constantly
B1From maximum U
HBeginning is linear to descend, and the incoming frequency of voltage controlled oscillator VFO is linear to descend, and promptly the operating frequency of circuit progressively descends, and this moment, the input voltage of main circuit progressively increased automatically, as the end U of lamp
LampEqual trigger voltage U
k, gas is breakdown in the lamp, the beginning arc discharge.
2, the control law of start-up period:
Figure 13 has provided the relation between start-up period electric ballast output voltage and the operating frequency.Triggering moment, the equivalent resistance of lamp is very little, so corresponding lower output voltage, after lamp reached stable state, its equivalent resistance was bigger, corresponding bigger output voltage.After lamp was triggered, the selection mode controller sent two signal P
1And P
2P
1 Make S place 2. end, P
2Index generator in the starter controller B2 is started working.At this moment current feedback is started working, and the operating frequency of control circuit is f
2Along with the electric current decline of lamp, the terminal voltage of lamp improves, and operating frequency is by f
2To f
3Transition.If the loop gain infinity of the closed loop of this Current Control, output current will change with parameter amount-index law.In Figure 11, I
ON, U
ONRated current and voltage for lamp.
3, permanent power control:
After lamp reaches stable state, the output signal P of selection mode controller
1Make switch throw in position 3..At this moment output voltage and output current have all participated in feedback, have formed a closed loop feedback system.Power output is controlled by the reference voltage of constant power controller B3 inside fully.
The utility model has designed different control technologys to high-intensity gas discharge lamp at the different qualities of the stage of not triggering, start-up period and steady-state process: adapt to the dispersiveness of high-intensity gas discharge lamp trigger voltage in the stage of not triggering in order to make electric ballast, adopted automatic scan, progressively increase trigger voltage up to the control technology that high-intensity gas discharge lamp triggers, adopt real-time control technology at start-up period; In steady-state process, adapt to the parameter dispersiveness of high-intensity gas discharge lamp in order to make electric ballast, adopt permanent power control techniques.
The utility model is as shown in table 1 compared with the prior art:
Table 1
| Technical indicator | Prior art | The utility model |
| Efficient | 85％ | 95％ |
| Cost | High | Low (reducing about 1/3) than prior art |
| Trigger | Need additional flip-flop | Do not need additional flip-flop |
| Electromagnetic interference | Greatly | Little |
Owing to contain the series parallel resonance tank circuit of a high Q value in the electric ballast described in the utility model, when system was in stable state, the voltage of series parallel resonance tank circuit output was approximate sine wave, and sine wave is difficult for bringing out the acoustic resonance phenomenon of HID lamp; In the stage of not triggering, the equivalence of HID lamp is the resistance that resistance is very high, and as the load of the series parallel resonance tank circuit, therefore the high pressure that this moment, the series parallel resonance tank circuit can provide a number kilovolt need not to add trigger as triggering signal.
The above; it only is the preferable embodiment of the utility model; but protection range of the present utility model is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the utility model discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within the protection range of the present utility model.Therefore, protection range of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of electric ballast is characterized in that, comprising:
Rectifier circuit: input connects AC power, and the AC power of input is carried out exporting the termination circuit of power factor correction after the rectification;
Circuit of power factor correction: input connects rectifier circuit, and the power supply after the rectification is carried out power factor correction, output termination series parallel resonance inverter circuit;
The series parallel resonance inverter circuit: input connects circuit of power factor correction, the power supply after the power factor correction is carried out high-frequency resonant be transformed into the high-frequency ac power that is fit to loaded work piece, the load of output termination.
2, electric ballast according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described series parallel resonance inverter circuit comprises:
The semibridge system translation circuit: input connects the output of circuit of power factor correction, comprise first power switch pipe, second power switch pipe and first power diode, second power diode, two power switch pipe series connection, the drain electrode of the source electrode of first power switch pipe and second power switch pipe connects the output of circuit of power factor correction, two power diodes are in parallel with two power switch pipes respectively, the negative pole of two power diodes links with the drain electrode of two power switch pipes respectively, and the grid of two power switch pipes links to each other with described drive circuit; The output of semibridge system translation circuit connects the series parallel resonance tank circuit;
The series parallel resonance tank circuit: input termination semibridge system translation circuit, the load of output termination, first electric capacity, inductance and second electric capacity by series connection are successively formed, the series parallel resonance tank circuit is connected in parallel between the drain electrode and source electrode of second power switch pipe, one end of first electric capacity and second and the drain electrode of power switch pipe link, one end of second electric capacity and the source electrode of second power switch pipe link, and load is in parallel with second electric capacity.
3, electric ballast according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described first power switch pipe and second power switch pipe are IRFP450 type power field effect pipe MOSFET; Or
Described first power diode and second power diode are MUR460; Or
Described inductance is 100 μ H ~ 200 μ H; Or
Described first electric capacity and second electric capacity are 1nF ~ 20nF.
4, a kind of high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast is characterized in that, comprise electric ballast and:
Drive circuit: be connected with control circuit with electric ballast, the instruction of carrying out control circuit drives electric ballast;
Control circuit: link to each other with signal acquisition circuit with drive circuit, produce control signal according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and control command is issued drive circuit;
Signal acquisition circuit: be connected with electric ballast, high-intensity gas discharge lamp and control circuit, gather the working condition of electric ballast and high-intensity gas discharge lamp.
5, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 4 is characterized in that described drive circuit comprises:
Voltage controlled oscillator: the input connection control circuit, output termination T trigger, input voltage signal is exported proportional frequency signal;
The T trigger: input termination voltage controlled oscillator, output is driver connected, the signal of voltage controlled oscillator is carried out two divided-frequency be processed into the anti-phase each other control signal of two-way;
Driver: input is driver connected, and output termination electric ballast comprises first driver and second driver, according to two power switch pipes of the semibridge system translation circuit in the control signal control electric ballast of T trigger output.
6, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 4 is characterized in that described control circuit comprises:
Control switch: input connects selection mode controller and state controller group, and output connects the voltage controlled oscillator of drive circuit; Export the signal of state controller corresponding in the state controller group to voltage controlled oscillator according to the control signal of selection mode controller;
Selection mode controller: input termination signal acquisition circuit, according to the electric ballast of signal acquisition circuit collection and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp, produce the corresponding control signal of selecting different state controllers, export control switch and state controller group to;
State controller group: comprise one or more state controller, input can connect signal acquisition circuit and/or selection mode controller, the control signal of the electric ballast of gathering according to Acquisition Circuit and the working condition of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and selection mode controller with the output signal of corresponding state controller as output signal; This output signal exports control switch to through output.
7, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described state controller group comprises:
Trigger controller: produce and do not trigger the control signal in stage, output connects an input of control switch;
Starter controller: produce the control signal of start-up period, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch;
Constant power controller: the control signal that produces permanent power phase, electric ballast and the working condition signal of high-intensity gas discharge lamp and the control signal of selection mode controller that input signal has Acquisition Circuit to gather, an input of output termination control switch.
8, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 7 is characterized in that described starter controller comprises:
Starting amplifier: can be error amplifier, an input termination signal acquisition circuit, another input termination exponential voltage generator, output termination control switch;
The exponential voltage generator: state controller is selected in the input selecting, output termination amplifier.
9, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 7 is characterized in that described constant power controller comprises:
Permanent power amplifier: an input divider, another input are exported the termination control switch by reference voltage source ground connection;
Multiplier: input termination signal acquisition circuit, output termination divider;
Divider: input termination multiplier, output termination amplifier.
10, the high-intensity gas discharge lamp control device based on above-mentioned electric ballast according to claim 4 is characterized in that described signal acquisition circuit comprises:
The voltage treatment circuit: input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp, to gather the high-frequency ac voltage signal processing and become d. c. voltage signal, output connects selection mode controller and state controller group;
The current processing circuit: input termination electric ballast and/or high-intensity gas discharge lamp, to gather the high-frequency ac current signal processing and become d. c. voltage signal, output connects selection mode controller and state controller group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520127986 CN2842983Y (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Electronic ballast and hing-intensity gas dicharging lamp controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520127986 CN2842983Y (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Electronic ballast and hing-intensity gas dicharging lamp controller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2842983Y true CN2842983Y (en) | 2006-11-29 |
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ID=37446850
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520127986 Expired - Lifetime CN2842983Y (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Electronic ballast and hing-intensity gas dicharging lamp controller |
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| CN (1) | CN2842983Y (en) |
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| CN101730359B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2013-07-24 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Drive control method for ballast of high intensity discharge lamp and system thereof |
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| CN101730359B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2013-07-24 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Drive control method for ballast of high intensity discharge lamp and system thereof |
| CN102045934A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2011-05-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所 | Constant power control circuit for super high pressure mercury lamp |
| CN102611303A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-25 | 江西开昂新能源科技有限公司 | Soft switching DC-DC (direct current-direct current) converter |
| CN102611303B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2015-08-05 | 江西开昂新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of Sofe Switch DC-DC converter |
| CN102355786A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-02-15 | 辽宁宝林集团节能科技有限公司 | Intelligently controlled highly-efficient and energy-saving high-frequency stepless lamp |
| CN107612453A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | A kind of DRIVEN BY AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR system, compressor of air conditioner and air-conditioning |
| CN107634695A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-26 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | A kind of DRIVEN BY AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR system, compressor of air conditioner and air-conditioning |
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Owner name: BEIJING LAI SIDA ELECTRONIC SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY C Free format text: FORMER OWNER: NORTH CHINA POLYTECHNICAL COLLEGE Effective date: 20090605 |
|
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Effective date of registration: 20090605 Address after: No. 2, No. two, zone C, light industrial and electrical industrial base, light industrial and electrical industrial base, sub canal town, Beijing, Tongzhou District, China: 101111 Patentee after: Beijing Lightstar Electronic Co., Ltd. Address before: Beijing City, Shijingshan District Jin Yuan Zhuang No. 5, zip code: 100041 Patentee before: Beifang Polytechnic Univ. |
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