CN2839910Y - Thermal drive V-M refrigerator system adopting oil lubrication - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat-driven V-M refrigerator system adopting oil lubrication. On the basis of the traditional V-M refrigerator, the connecting rod and the crank wheel in the ejector and the crankcase are lubricated with lubricating oil, that is, all moving parts are lubricated with lubricating oil. A room temperature heat exchanger, a heat buffer tube and an elastic diaphragm are added between the heater and the ejector and the low temperature heat exchanger and the ejector, and the room temperature heat exchanger next to the regenerator is used to replace the traditional V-M refrigeration The room temperature heat exchanger is installed in the crankcase, and at the same time, an elastic diaphragm is installed between the room temperature heat exchanger and the bypass pipe, so that the lubricating oil cannot enter the heat exchanger and regenerator, and the heat exchange is ensured. While the normal operation of the heat exchanger and regenerator, the processing difficulty of the whole system is reduced; and the operating life of the system can be greatly improved, and its thermal workability is improved due to the reduction of friction.

Description

A Thermally Driven V-M Refrigerator System Using Oil Lubrication

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, and in particular relates to a heat-driven V-M refrigerator system using oil lubrication.

Background technique

The V-M refrigerator was originally proposed by Vuilleumier and obtained a U.S. patent in 1918. As shown in Figure 1, it is a heat engine with three heat sources: heat absorption from a high-temperature heat source (ie, heater 5 in Figure 1), and heat absorption at a low temperature (i.e. the low temperature heat exchanger 24 in FIG. 1 ) cooling down, and release heat to the ambient temperature by the room temperature heat exchanger (i.e. the room temperature heat exchanger 32 in FIG. 1 ) installed in the crankcase. Because the V-M refrigerator consumes high-temperature heat to directly produce low temperature, it does not need to consume additional mechanical work, so this refrigerator was once called a hot gas refrigerator. The V-M refrigerator uses thermal energy as the main energy source, does not need a mechanical compressor, and has a small and compact structure, so it has a very wide application prospect.

At present, the main problems of V-M refrigerators are short life and difficult mechanical processing. Since the moving parts of the V-M refrigerator are the cylinder-pistons of the two displacers 10 and 20, the prior art is performed with dry friction or micro-gap seals. The use of dry friction will reduce the life of the cylinder-piston, and the material requirements for the cylinder-piston are very high; while the use of micro-gap seals requires high processing technology. Therefore, the large-scale application of V-M refrigerators is limited.

It is a very mature technology to use lubricating oil to lubricate moving parts, but when it is used for the piston-cylinder of the two ejectors 10 and 20 inside the V-M refrigeration system, it is difficult to prevent lubricating oil from entering the regenerator and Heat exchanger, which will inevitably make the heat transfer effect of the refrigeration system worse, and the working performance will be greatly reduced. Therefore, using lubricating oil to lubricate the moving parts of the V-M refrigerator while preventing the lubricating oil from entering the regenerator and heat exchanger will be a major improvement to the V-M refrigerator, and its reliability will be greatly improved At the same time, the manufacturing cost will be greatly reduced.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome that the moving parts of the V-M refrigerator in the prior art adopt dry friction or micro-gap sealing, so that the life of the V-M refrigerator is short and the mechanical processing is difficult; and the moving parts are lubricated by lubricating oil, It is difficult to avoid the defect that lubricating oil enters the regenerator and heat exchanger, which makes the heat transfer effect of the refrigeration system worse and the working performance will be greatly reduced, so as to provide a long life, low machining difficulty, and can prevent the lubricating oil from entering Oil-lubricated heat-driven V-M chiller system for heat exchanger and regenerator.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

The heat-driven V-M refrigerator system that adopts oil lubrication provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 2, includes: a crankcase 12; the crankcase 12 and the first rigid cylinder 30 and the second rigid cylinder arranged in a V shape 31 is connected; the crank wheel 29 in the crankcase 12 is connected with the first ejector 10 located in the first rigid cylinder 30 through the first connecting rod 18, and promotes it to reciprocate in the first rigid cylinder 30; Connect with the second ejector 20 located in the second rigid cylinder 31 through the second connecting rod 181, and promote it to reciprocate in the second rigid cylinder 31; a heater 5 is installed in the first cylinder 30 away from the crankcase 12 , the second cylinder 31 is equipped with a low-temperature heat exchanger 24 away from the crankcase 12, which is characterized in that:

The first piston ring 9 is used for sealing between the first ejector 10 and the inner wall of the first cylinder 30, and lubricated with lubricating oil; between the first ejector 10 and the heater 5, first elastic Diaphragm 8, first room temperature heat exchanger 7, first thermal buffer chamber 6; high temperature regenerator 4, third room temperature heat exchanger 3 and The third elastic diaphragm 2 communicates with the crankcase 12 through the first bypass pipe 1 at the end of the first cylinder 30 away from the crankcase;

The second piston ring 19 is used for sealing between the second ejector 20 and the inner wall surface of the second cylinder 31, and is lubricated with lubricating oil; between the second ejector 20 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 24, the first Two elastic diaphragms 21, the second room temperature heat exchanger 22, and the second thermal buffer chamber 23 are installed with a low temperature regenerator 25 and a fourth room temperature heat exchanger in sequence between the cylinder walls of the second cylinder 31 away from the crankcase 12 26 and the fourth elastic diaphragm 27 communicate with the crankcase 12 through the second bypass pipe 28 at the far crankcase end of the second cylinder 31; and

An oil lubricating mechanism, which includes: lubricating oil contained in the bottom of the crankcase cavity and an oil pump 14; the first oil delivery pipe 15 communicating with the bottom of the crankcase cavity and the oil pump 14, communicating with the oil pump 14 and the first ejector 10 The second oil delivery pipe 13 between the piston rings communicates with the oil pump 14 and the third oil delivery pipe 16 between the piston rings of the second displacer 20, which can pump the lubricating oil in the crankcase 12 to the piston rings of the displacer 10 and 20 In between, lubricate the cylinder-piston.

The low-temperature regenerator 25 can be further divided into two parts. As shown in FIG. 3 , the diameter of the part close to the crankcase is smaller, and the diameter of the part far away from the crankcase is larger, and the connecting parts of the two are sequentially connected to a second part. The third heat buffer chamber 11 and the fifth room temperature heat exchanger 17 , the other end of the fifth room temperature heat exchanger 17 communicates with the gap between the second room temperature heat exchanger 22 and the second elastic diaphragm 21 .

The elastic membrane is a diaphragm made of highly elastic organic material or metal material, the organic material is fluorine rubber, latex, natural rubber, etc., and the metal material is beryllium bronze, elastic stainless steel, etc. Their thickness and diameter are designed according to the volume flow of the section and the fatigue limit of the elastic material. Usually, the material thickness of the elastic membrane is between 0.3 and 5mm, and its diameter is larger than the gas movement displacement at the section according to the allowable displacement of the elastic membrane.

The thermal buffer chamber is a thin-walled empty tube made of low thermal conductivity materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy or ceramics, and its wall thickness is generally about 1 to 3 times the critical pressure bearing thickness of the tube, usually between 0.1 mm and 5 mm .

The key to the oil-lubricated heat-driven V-M refrigerator system provided by the utility model is to use an elastic diaphragm, which can prevent lubricating oil from entering the heat exchanger and regenerator, and at the same time ensure that the sound work is transmitted on both sides of the membrane. This diaphragm is able to completely isolate the flowing medium on both sides, and at the same time has very good elasticity. Its working principle is described as follows:

Assuming that the displacement of each place is equal when the elastic diaphragm vibrates, the following equation of motion can be written:

(P ₁ -P ₂ )S=Kx+mx ^* (1)

Among them, P ₁ and P ₂ are the pressure fluctuations on both sides of the elastic diaphragm, S is the area of the elastic diaphragm, K is the contact area between the elastic diaphragm and the working medium, x is the displacement of the elastic diaphragm, m is the displacement of the elastic diaphragm Mass, x ^* represents the second derivative of the displacement of the elastic diaphragm.

The equation of motion can also be further written as:

(P ₁ -P ₂ )S=(K-mω ² )x (2)

ω is the angular frequency of motion between the elastic diaphragm and the working medium. When K= ^mω2 , the pressure on both sides of the elastic diaphragm is equal, that is to say, the sound wave can pass through the elastic diaphragm smoothly at this time, and the pressure fluctuation will not have any influence. Of course, this is an ideal model. The actual elastic diaphragm has a large displacement at the center and a small displacement at the edge, and it is difficult to achieve K=mω ² , so in practical applications, the elastic diaphragm can be strictly separated On the premise that the working medium on both sides has good elasticity, the thinner the elastic diaphragm, the better, and the smaller the tension, the better. In addition, if the elasticity of the diaphragm is not enough, the diameter of the pipe can be increased at the place where the elastic diaphragm is installed, so as to ensure that the center of the diaphragm can achieve sufficient displacement and minimize the impact of the diaphragm on the sound wave.

Generally, temperature is an important factor affecting the life of the elastic diaphragm, both high temperature and low temperature will greatly reduce the service life of the elastic diaphragm. Therefore, when an elastic diaphragm is added between the ejector and the heater or the low-temperature heat exchanger, a thermal buffer chamber and a room temperature heat exchanger must be added so that the gas coming out of the heater or the cold end heat exchanger can become room temperature and then contact with the diaphragm.

The oil-lubricated heat-driven V-M refrigerator system provided by the utility model is based on the traditional V-M refrigerator, and the ejectors 10, 20 and the connecting rods 18 and crank wheels 29 in the crankcase 12 are lubricated with lubricating oil. , that is, all moving parts are lubricated with lubricating oil. Between the heater 5 and the ejector 10 and the low temperature heat exchanger 24 and the ejector 20, room temperature heat exchangers 7, 22, thermal buffer pipes 6, 23 and elastic diaphragms 8, 21 have been added for use in the regenerator 4 The room temperature heat exchanger 3 and 24 next to , 25 have replaced the room temperature heat exchanger 32 installed in the crankcase of the traditional V-M refrigerator, and an additional installation has been installed between the room temperature heat exchanger 3, 26 and the bypass pipe 1, 28 The elastic diaphragms 2 and 27 prevent lubricating oil from entering the heat exchanger and regenerator, while ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger and regenerator, the processing difficulty of the entire system is reduced; and it can greatly improve The operating life of the system, its thermal workability is increased due to the reduction of friction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional thermally driven V-M refrigerator system;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the heat-driven V-M refrigerator system adopting oil lubrication in embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the heat-driven V-M refrigerator system adopting oil lubrication in embodiment 2;

Among them: 1 is the first bypass pipe, 2 is the third elastic diaphragm, 3 is the third room temperature heat exchanger, 4 is the high temperature regenerator, 5 is the heater, 6 is the first thermal buffer chamber, 7 is the second A room temperature heat exchanger, 8 is the first elastic diaphragm, 9 is the first piston ring, 10 is the first ejector, 11 is the third heat buffer chamber, 12 is the crankcase, 13 is the second oil delivery pipe, 14 is the oil pump , 15 is the first oil delivery pipe, 16 is the third oil delivery pipe, 17 is the fifth room temperature heat exchanger, 18 is the first connecting rod, 181 is the second connecting rod, 19 is the second piston ring, 20 is the ejector, 21 is the first Two elastic diaphragms, 22 is the second room temperature heat exchanger, 23 is the second thermal buffer chamber, 24 is the low temperature heat exchanger, 25 is the low temperature regenerator, 26 is the fourth room temperature heat exchanger, 27 is the fourth elastic Diaphragm, 28 is the second bypass pipe, 29 is the crank wheel, 30 is the first rigid cylinder, 31 is the second rigid cylinder, 32 is the room temperature heat exchanger.

Detailed ways

Example 1

The structure of this embodiment is shown in Figure 2, the crankcase 12 is connected with two rigid cylinders 30, 31, the first displacer 10 is located in the first cylinder 30, the second displacer 20 is located in the second cylinder 31, and the displacer The piston ring is used to seal with the inner wall of the cylinder, and lubricated with lubricating oil; the main part in the crankcase 12 is the crank wheel 29, and connecting rods 18 and 181 are connected to the runner, which are respectively connected to the ejectors 10 and 20 ; In the direction that the first ejector 10 is away from the crankcase 12, the first elastic diaphragm 8, the first room temperature heat exchanger 7, the first thermal buffer chamber 6, the heater 5, The high-temperature regenerator 4, the third room temperature heat exchanger 3 and the third elastic diaphragm 2 communicate with the crankcase 12 through the first bypass pipe 1 at the far crankcase end of the first cylinder 30; 20 In the direction away from the crankcase 12, a second elastic diaphragm 21, a second room temperature heat exchanger 22, a second thermal buffer chamber 23, a low temperature heat exchanger 24, and a low temperature regenerator are sequentially installed in the second cylinder 31 25. The fourth room temperature heat exchanger 26 and the fourth elastic diaphragm 27 communicate with the crankcase 12 through the second bypass pipe 28 at the far crankcase end of the second cylinder 31; an oil pump 14 is connected to the crankcase 12 , the lubricating oil in the crankcase 12 enters the oil pump 14 through the first oil delivery pipe 15, and then enters between the piston rings of the ejectors 10 and 20 through the oil delivery pipes 13 and 16 respectively. The elastic diaphragms are all made of 1mm thick fluororubber elastic film. When the system is working, heat is input to the system at the heater 5, and at the same time, a small amount of mechanical work is input to the crank wheel to guide the crank wheel to rotate. low temperature can be obtained.

Example 2

The structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 3 . The structure of this embodiment is basically similar to that of Embodiment 1, but the low-temperature regenerator 25 is divided into two parts, and the diameter of the regenerator part close to the crankcase is smaller than that of the regenerator part away from the crankcase. The junction of the third heat buffer chamber 11 and the fifth room temperature heat exchanger 17 are connected in sequence, and the other end of the fifth room temperature heat exchanger 17 is connected to the second room temperature heat exchanger 22 and the second elastic diaphragm 21. Gap connectivity. Compared with the structure of Embodiment 1, such a structure is called a two-stage V-M refrigerator, and it can obtain a lower refrigeration temperature.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of thermal driving V-M refrigerator system that adopts oil lubrication comprises:

One crankcase (12); Described crankcase (12) is connected with the first rigidity cylinder (30) and the second rigidity cylinder (31) of V-shaped arrangement; Song wheel (29) in the described crankcase (12) links to each other with first displacer (10) that is positioned at the first rigidity cylinder (30) by first connecting rod (18), and promotes that it is reciprocating in the first rigidity cylinder (30); Link to each other with second displacer (20) that is positioned at the second rigidity cylinder (31) by second connecting rod (181), and promote that it is reciprocating in the second rigidity cylinder (31); Away from crankcase (12) heater (5) is housed in first cylinder (30), away from crankcase (12) cryogenic heat exchanger (24) is housed in second cylinder (31), it is characterized in that:

Adopt first piston ring (9) to seal between described first displacer (10) and first cylinder (30) internal face, and be lubricated with lubricating oil; First flexible sheet (8), the first room temperature heat exchanger (7), first heat buffering cavity (6) are installed between first displacer (10) and heater (5) successively; At heater (5) and between high temperature regenerator (4), the 3rd room temperature heat exchanger (3) and the 3rd flexible sheet (2) are installed successively, are connected with crankcase (12) by first bypass pipe (1) away from the crankcase end at first cylinder (30) away from the cylinder wall of crankcase (12);

Adopt second piston ring (19) to seal between described second displacer (20) and second cylinder (31) internal face, and be lubricated with lubricating oil; Second flexible sheet (21), the second room temperature heat exchanger (22), second heat buffering cavity (23) are installed between second displacer (20) and cryogenic heat exchanger (24) successively, low temperature regenerator (25), fourth ventricle temperature heat exchanger (26) and the 4th flexible sheet (27) are installed between second cylinder (31) is away from the cylinder wall of crankcase (12) successively, are connected with crankcase (12) by second bypass pipe (28) at the crankcase end far away of second cylinder (31); With

An oil lubrication mechanism, this oil lubrication mechanism comprises: the lubricating oil and the oil pump (14) that are contained in the crankcase cavity bottom; First petroleum pipeline (15) that is communicated with crankcase cavity bottom and oil pump (14), second petroleum pipeline (13) between the piston ring of connection oil pump (14) and first displacer (10), the 3rd petroleum pipeline (16) between the piston ring of connection oil pump (14) and second displacer (20), grease pump in the crankcase (12) can be delivered between the piston ring of displacer (10) and (20), countercylinder-piston is lubricated.

2, the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of employing oil lubrication as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low temperature regenerator (25) is divided into two parts, less near the crankcase section diameter, bigger away from the crankcase section diameter, and connect the 3rd heat buffering cavity (11) and the 5th room temperature heat exchanger (17) successively in the connecting part of the two, the other end of the 5th room temperature heat exchanger (17) is communicated with space between the second room temperature heat exchanger (22) and second flexible sheet (21).

3, the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of employing oil lubrication as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described flexible sheet is the diaphragm that elastomeric organic material or metal material make.

4, the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of employing oil lubrication as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described flexible sheet is the diaphragm that fluorubber, latex or natural rubber make.

5, the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of employing oil lubrication as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described flexible sheet is the diaphragm that beryllium-bronze or stainless steel material make.

6, the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of employing oil lubrication as claimed in claim 1, it is held to levy and is: described heat buffering cavity is the thin-walled empty pipe that low thermal conductivity material makes.

7, as the thermal driving V-M refrigerator system of claim 1 or 6 described employing oil lubrications, it is characterized in that: described heat buffering cavity is the thin-walled empty pipe that stainless steel, titanium alloy or pottery make.

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