CN2837542Y - Low water head ranking type hydroturbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low water head ranking type water wheel generator, multiple low water head ranking type water wheel generators are installed on the constructible concrete low dam seat in an arrangement way through making use of brook and stream hydrological conditions, and the cover type hydraulic turbine is pushed to impact and apply work to two impellers arranged transversely through an upper and a lower layer water channels by taking a low water level difference and full width of water flow; driving belts are used for connecting the moments of two wheels at both sides of the cover, and the moments of the two wheels are transferred to a center main shaft; the center main shaft ends of the ranking generators are also be transferred from one generator to the adjacent generator through the driving belts, and the moments are collected on the generator matched with the intermediate position machine seat to generate electricity. The dam seat is provided with a lifting gate and a flood gate which can automatically adjust the water flow, and the utility model is an ideal model for developing and utilizing the energy resource of shallow water and wide flow water to generate electricity.

Description

Low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator, belongs to Electric Power Generating Equipment.

Background technique:

Hydraulic turbine generator is the potential energy that utilizes water drop to exist, and is the kinetic energy driving water turbine acting that water flows downward from the eminence position and forms, thereby drives the device of generator for electricity generation.Carry in the useful pipeline of existing hydraulic turbine generator middle water level difference current, culvert diversion, having arrangements such as penstock, flume, water distributor and form turbine impeller impact rotation, promptly is that low water head tubular turbine current flow path structure also is similar to this.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this utility model is: in some little rivers, stream riverbed, shoal water flow is abundant, but the topography and geomorphology restriction is difficult to construct high-order dam body, and the arrangement of impulse water turbine impeller also is restricted simultaneously; According to above-mentioned hydrologic regime, provide a kind of hydraulic turbine generator that is different from existing water impact structure.Build with low abutment at the riverbed width, many water turbine are arranged in parallel on abutment, low water level difference current with abutment formation, promptly mainly to utilize the kinetic energy of riverbed current, next is that the pressure of water-head can do work, each turbine impeller on the complete wide parallel promotion abutment of flow path rotates synchronously, drives the generator amature rotation and obtains electric energy with the mechanical kinetic energy of its generation.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the scheme that the utility model is taked is: construct the low abutment of rectangle in the riverbed with concrete, press the support bottom width of water turbine Parallel to the flow direction and decide the dam width degree.The abutment apical side height need satisfy water turbine drop current and space length of the downstream water surface, makes water turbine water outlet cascading water unimpeded.Allow as upstream, riverbed geographic and geomorphic conditions, can take the circumstances into consideration to raise abutment, strengthen space length, raise when the downstream water face, this distance of positions is unlikely being submerged from the space, and the water outlet of assurance water turbine is not obstructed.Many the water turbine of installing on the abutment, the water intake of updrift side all is submerged under the horizontal plane behind the raising of water level, many the installation that is arranged in parallel is the abutment effect of an interception current raising of water level simultaneously, with this, reaches satisfying the requirements of low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator acting.

Water turbine of the present utility model partly is a kind of case formula constitution water turbine and the casing big flow inlet with wide flat shaped as frame.In current enter machine, be divided into upper and lower layer water channel with interlayer board, forms two strands and casing with wide, forward and backward position, the impact current of flat flat, the equal width of contraposition, low early and high after two parallel horizontal impellers impact, and make two impellers produce running torque simultaneously.Symmetry is installed same configuration on the water turbine case both end sides panel, and the driving belt roller box of carry-over moment is impeller spindle nose fitting seat in the case.At the header arrangement drive pulley of axle, in the past the first round of low level, promptly simultaneously the running torque of two impellers is connected stack, the form of transmitting to be linked in sequence finally passes to generator to the central principal axis of upper part of the frame.At this, the belt wheel of each group mates speedup transmission step by step with the wheel of large and small speedup.

Each water turbine installed that is arranged in parallel on the abutment does work synchronously, and identical flow condition, same specification type are identical rotational velocity.With this precondition, not with every turbine seating configuration generator; By the two ends spindle nose of turbine seating with wide central principal axis, each left and right increasing in the belt wheel case of both sides wears wheel; With the mode that interconnects of intermediate connecting shaft, adjacent sequence delivery, each water turbine central principal axis moment of arranging is compiled, with the moment of its increase, act on same generator, to improve the generating efficiency of generator.Thereby, the separate unit generator is installed on the water turbine neutral position support of arrangement, so that the transmission of torque of each machine distance is evenly.Yet at the big riverbed water surface of width, each water turbine central principal axis length connects apart from torque to be transmitted, and is subjected to the restriction of mechanical rotation pair, and this state can adopt the form of several the equipped generators of water turbine at interval.The electric current that generator sends is by the switchgear room operation that is erected at the limit, riverbank of cable.At equipment ground being installed, is foundation with local hydrological data, height and the mounting platform number of hydraulic turbine generator and the rated power of institute's match generator of design abutment.

Operation of the present utility model when the influence that is subjected to the riverbed fluctuation in stage, is subjected to the water slug rotational speed to produce soon, change slowly to turbine impeller, thereby makes the generator voltage instability; Take to establish lifting gate one, regulate the large and small of the water intake water yield in water turbine shaped as frame water intake anterior position.Gate is installed in the dam body position of water intake bottom, and when the gate rising, flow reduces, and wheel speed slows down, otherwise wheel speed increases.Gate connects the floating floating drum body of the water surface with straight-bar, and floating drum is with the riverbed fluctuation in stage, and its straight-bar rigid of transmission that connects down makes the gate ascending, descending, reaches automatic adjusting water intake water flow.

If there is the hydrologic regime of the instantaneous rise of water level in the riverbed, the function of above-mentioned lifting gate is difficult to reach the controlled water flow flow, and further matching method is one section automatic floodgate to be set at parallel abutment with hydraulic turbine generator.Equally with the floating drum construction device of control automatically, when the riverbed water level goes up, floating drum is with the flood discharge that opens the sluices of rising of river surface water level; When water level fell, floating drum descended synchronously, and gate is fastened floodwater releasing port automatically under the body weight effect.According to the hydrological data of riverbed fluctuation in stage, floodgate width is set, must satisfy its maximum flood discharge flow.

Low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator of the present utility model is to develop the water resource of the wide stream of shallow water, widens the waterpower development scope, and the construction of development small power station provides a kind of new type.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a unit downstream direction of the present utility model position plan view.

Fig. 2 is the A-A bit architecture sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is that the P of Fig. 1 is to band drive mechanism layout plan.

Fig. 4 is belt wheel box plate and case lid panel-shaped planimetric map.

Fig. 5 is the unit plan view.

Fig. 6 be Fig. 5 H to upright plate breach and connecting plate structural drawing.

Fig. 7 is that the floor map that the multimachine arranged comprises floodgate is looked in the downstream direction position.

Fig. 8 is that the Z of Fig. 7 hangs down abutment intermediolateral column stand structure layout plan to concrete.

Fig. 9 is that the T of Fig. 7 hangs down abutment side column structural layout plan to concrete.

Figure 10 is the side sectional view of the M-M floodgate of Fig. 7.

Embodiment:

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiment of the present utility model is made the following instructions.

See Fig. 1, it is the flow spaces that the current water outlet is dropped that the distance in an impeller 57 circle footpaths is arranged between low abutment 7 end faces of concrete and the downstream water surface.Impeller 57 and impeller 59 are with the following position of putting at turbine seating.Belt wheel case 3 is in the installation of water turbine side plate 58, and the horizontal width of its case is the space orientation of pressing spindle nose two-wheel closed assembly belt wheel 31a, 31b.Position, both sides belt wheel case 3 top co-altitude connects a crosspiece 4, allots motor seat board 11 thereon horizontal type generator 1 is installed; The turbine seating of generator 1 is not installed, and this crosspiece 4 exists simultaneously.Generator 1 configuration protection motor case 12, the belt wheel 31 of heart main shaft 2 and generator 1 is with putting wheel case 35 hereinto.In the broken figure position of cutting, the driving belt 32 of impeller 57,59 and central principal axis 2 is parallel shaft arrangement in the belt wheel case 3, and spindle nose is equipped with bearing support 36 dismountable and band seal ring 37, is the convenience for the easily damaged parts replacement operation.Central principal axis 2 is in 1 time orientation of generator, and the belt wheel 31e on the axle cooperates generator 1 to move at crosspiece 4 width ranges of separate unit water turbine at central principal axis 2, adjusts the position of generator 1 at support.In the support top bit, left and right what respectively put is the coupling shaft 21 of adjacent carry-over moment.

Case formula water turbine 5 side structures of Fig. 2 are analysed and observe, and engine housing is by case top 51, bottom shell plate 53, central diaphragm 52, lower clapboard 56, upright plate 54, side plate 58, channelization angle 55, the straight plate 511 of front stall, impeller 57 and impeller 59 above main component combinations.Forward and backward two positions impeller 57,59 is arranged by position separately with respectively justify the hole in footpath by oneself on symmetrical side plate 58.In conjunction with Fig. 1, a hollow joint position is arranged between side plate 58 and the belt wheel case 3, be the flange circle thickness of two each closed assembly of hole on the side plate 58, its internal diameter is same as each circle footpath hole, is the operation hole of impeller 57,59 mounting or dismounting of horizontal installation.Drop at the favourable current of arc notch of water surface place excision downstream in the flange circle position of impeller 57.

The Fig. 2 that coexists, the circle peripheral moulding in footpath is taken turns with this on impeller 57 positions, position forwardly from inlet end downstream oblique bending in case top 51.Channelization angle 55 in the over body case is separations of upper and lower layer water channel, and central diaphragm 52 Mechanical Buildss of its extension are same as the downward arc-shaped bend on case top 51, forms the upper strata water channel that position, impeller 57 hemicycles footpath is impacted current; Channelization angle 55 knuckle bottom surfaces turn forward, and to change the moulding in upper edge impeller 59 about 1/4 circle footpaths are not water structures, simultaneously and form the lower floor's water channel that impeller 59 radiuses circle is impacted current between the bottom shell plate 53.The impact current of impeller 59 present positions change radius to downstream direction, its current contraposition impeller 57 that drops, and the structure of setting up one deck lower clapboard 56 at this segment distance forms water channel, makes impeller 57 be subjected to two bursts of water impact simultaneously.But also make these current that drop produce water resistance, this state makes impeller 59 blade face 510 band water when wheel goes back to updrift side; By with one of placement configurations between lower clapboard 56 and the central diaphragm 52 and upper and lower layer of water channel with wide spillway 512, on the declivity water outlet contraposition impeller 57.When impeller 59 when the water channel position forwards to herein, the water yield of retaining on the wheel flows to spillway 512, the impact current that impeller 57 rotates synchronously produce a suction effect to it, promote dropping of spillway 512 water yields.

Be both Fig. 2, two impellers 57,59 are divided equally six pages of blade faces 510 to justify diametric plane, are being subjected to water surface nick to go into the camber line moulding, are that the water that is subjected to of strengthening water impact blade face 510 carries.The broken figure position of cutting of contrast Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, taking turns wide is the structure of straight line, and wheel circle footpath is by blade face 510 distribution numberss of above equalization, and when being subjected to water impact, the waterleaf face 510 contraposition water channels that are subjected to that always have the circle footpath to rotate impact current.Two-wheeled is subjected to water slug with the wheel radius of rear direction position, is that circle footpath antarafacial is stressed, the effect of swaying of generation.Impeller 59 is to produce rotation function with upstream interception water level depth pressure current; Impeller 57 upper strata of living in water channel drop height water streams are the additional impact current that drop of impeller 59 in addition, and the simultaneous wheels footpath is greater than impeller 59, and therefore, its volumetric efficiency of taking turns, hydraulic efficiency and mechanical efficiency are higher than impeller 59.The terminal current of water turbine drop on impeller 57, and the unimpeded of this drops, and do not have the revolution water yield on the wheel, are turned back to new current at wheel and inject, and the moment of its rotation is able to efficiently.More than two impellers 57,59 efficiency ratio, impeller 57 is the main effect wheels that produce the water turbine mechanical output.It is base of design that the turbine seating width is subjected to the structural strength of water slug with impeller 57,59, when with the utilize high efficiency of the big structure of width to current.Above-mentioned impeller 57,59 when this structure, the water amount that wheel rotates is big, under residing low water head flow condition, generation be the slow-speed of revolution, the mechanical output of big torque.

Fig. 2 is in conjunction with Fig. 3 (this figure is a diagram of laying down belt wheel case 3 case lid panels 33), and belt wheel case 3 rises to the support top like zigzag from 57,59 in two impellers, and the sand frame width is to take turns specification requirement by driving belt 32 to set.At circle mouthful, turning up along the shape right angle, limit of circle, to tear the limit open be screwhole position with the assembling of the case lid panel 33 (seeing Fig. 4) of identical zigzag.Box plate 33f is close to side plate 58 flange circles, and this position has and the identical shaped moulding of flange circle (Fig. 4 coexists), makes two members along the bolt in circle footpath identical contraposition be arranged.Impeller 57 two ends spindle noses are respectively put and are adorned single belt wheel 31a in the belt wheel case 3, see Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, up order passes to central principal axis 2 belt wheel 31c to impeller 59 belt wheel 31b, and the two ends spindle nose respectively is that large and small to take turns that footpath collocation folds mutually be the configuration that increases progressively of rotating speed (belt wheel 31c wherein one take turns be the adjacent transfer wheel of turbine seating).Impeller 57 to the speedup transmission coupling of impeller 59, impels the rotating speed of impeller 59 to improve from first position of wheel, and its water flow that drops increases, and has improved the rotating speed of impeller 57 synchronously, complements each other, and reaches stable acceleration of two-wheeled.

See that at Fig. 2 the water intake top vertically puts the upright plate 54 of dress, it is upper pool elevation and fluctuation in stage height interception baffle plate, the top is parallel with high with belt wheel case 3, the opposite side that the generator seat board 11 of generator 1 is installed is shelved on this plate top, and upright plate 54 has the diagonal brace 61 of gusset plate structural strength at the current downstream face.In conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, upright plate 54 horizontal wide both sides extend beyond belt wheel case 3, reach on the bottom shell plate 53 under the vertical both sides of water intake.This bit width is that adjacent turbine seating interconnects the position, at the upright plate 54 bolt disjunctors of current downstream face with connecting plate 6 impartial these two parallel seams of overlap joint.The distance of keeping somewhere between the two adjacent support belt wheel casees 3 is the working space of operation driving belt 32.

On Fig. 6, the square breach at upright plate 54 tops is the positions of shelving belt wheel case 3.See Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 again, connect axle bed 22 and be installed in herein 54 of upright plates to evagination, this seat is all to claim fixed-site on adjacent two upright plates 54, and coupling shaft 21 two bearing supports 23 support, and this spindle nose and central principal axis 2 liang of identical circle footpath belt wheel 31c, 31d connect transmission.In conjunction with Fig. 3, the horizontal wide sand frame plate in bottom surface, horizontal line position extends in and connects the fastening location of axle bed 22 bed bolts on the zigzag of belt wheel case 3.

Fig. 2 adds the structure body that Fig. 5 illustrates elongated slot floating drum 81 whole hollow length, and the cross-section shows its bottom surface circle, and end face is smooth, and two ends are the stem casing seat 83a that connect lifting gate 8 straight-bars 83, and length exceeds the horizontal wide water intake of water turbine.The lifting gate 8 that is same as floating drum length is installed in the concrete abutment and takes in the vertical u-shaped grooved rail 82 of body with diagonal brace 62, and the straight-bar 83 by the length location connects floating drums, regulates lifting automatically with the upper pool elevation fluctuation.Antifouling fence 10 is located between the outer lifting gate 8 of water intake, and (Fig. 6) its grid is not to influence the requirement manufacturing of the water intake water yield.

See Fig. 7, side column 71 structures that the low abutment 7 of the concrete of bar shaped rises from the dam crest right angle on each limit of bank are embedded in riverbed bank body, upright plate 54 by turbine seating is risen the location, at floodgate 9 and be aligned to and construct the middle column base 72 that each structure is installed to be needed between this adjacent water turbine.Fig. 8, Fig. 9 be side column 71 T to the Z of, middle column base 72 to diagram, the mount support of water turbine upright plate 54 and two column base enforced concrete structure bolts.Structure in conjunction with Fig. 2 is analysed and observe, and at dam crest the trapezoid-shaped trench 73 of total length between the post position is arranged, and is the outstanding bottom shell plate of 59 flange circles of turbine seating side plate 58 impellers is installed needs 53 below indwelling space, and bottom of trench has the waste pipe 74 of anti-ponding to lead to the downstream water body.Turbine seating is located in the water inlet of concrete dam crest position at straight plate 511 of front stall and bottom shell plate 53, and forward and backward two positions is arranged fixing method with the bolt span and installed.Floodgate 9 among Fig. 7 is installed between a side bank post 71 and the middle column base 72, Figure 10 sectional plane of contrast M-M position, and position, the vertical both sides of sluice gate body embeds in the U type guide groove 92 on two column bases, and is floating at up-stream face with the circular floating drum 91 of wide size with gate 95; Two column base side symmetries are installed cylinder pin 96 simultaneously, one end of lever 93 is in this position, floating drum trepanning 93a with lever 93 the other ends on the floating drum end flat connects, gate 95 top two terminal circle column cap 95a are inserted in the slotted hole 93b of lever 93 intermediate support positions, floating drum rises floating with fluctuation in stage, regulating gate 95 closure or openness.The round rubber bar 94 that anti-leak is arranged in gate 95 bottoms.Diagram is the threshold state that floating drum regulating gate 95 is opened, and gate 95 is not produced action when being lower than this water level, has only when rising stage to be higher than this state, and gate 95 promptly produces the unlatching flood discharge.The needs decline water level that cooperates maintenance, floodgate 9 also can be provided with the unlatching of artificial hoisting mechanism operation floating drum to gate 95.Switchgear room 13 is to make things convenient for setting up of generator 1 cable on the one side bank that turbine seating is arranged disjunctor.

Among Fig. 8, Fig. 9, be aligned to the water turbine belt wheel case 3 of two post positions, do not have the transmission of torque of central principal axis 2 adjacent supports, the sequence delivery in the belt wheel case 3 arrives till the central principal axis 2 herein, need not establish square breach on the upright plate 54.The head cover plate 34 of belt wheel case 3 end faces is provided with according to the casing difformity, comprises at the head cover plate 34 of adjacent turbine seating connecting that axle bed 22 adds two belt wheel casees 3 and metric space is a same plate lid; The box top at place, two post positions is by each the independent setting of its shape.

Above-mentioned body section construction of the present utility model is whole fabricated construction, can certainly make with the integrated type method.

Claims (7)

1. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator, be to utilize river, the streams hydrologic condition, the concrete of constructing by river width hangs down many arrangement installations on the abutment, it is poor to form low water level, do work synchronously with moving each the case formula water turbine of current overall with horizontal sliding, pass to generator and obtain electric energy, it is characterized in that: divide in the described case formula water turbine (5), lower floor's water channel, impact two horizontal impellers (57) respectively, (59) rotation, in the belt wheel case (3) of case both sides, arrive central principal axis (2) with driving belt (32) sequence delivery moment, each machine central principal axis (2) two ends of arranging are with transmitting with driving belt (32) is adjacent, the generator (1) that torque is pooled on the interposition turbine seating drives the rotor rotation, and abutment is provided with the lifting gate (8) and the floodgate (9) of automatic adjusting water flow.

2. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described case formula water turbine (5) is under the case top (51) of upstream water intake inclined downstream bending, extending in the same way with channelization angle (55) boundary, the central diaphragm of declivity arc-shaped bend (52) forms the upper strata water channel, form lower floor's water channel between channelization angle (55) knuckle and the bottom shell plate (53) and impact impeller (59), preceding, back two impellers (57), (59) set up water channel between two-wheeled distance with lower clapboard (56) between, make impeller (57) be subjected to two bursts of water impact simultaneously, it is that impeller (59) wheel goes back to water and impacts current at impeller (57) promotion of its suction effect is dropped that central diaphragm (52) and lower clapboard (56) are constructed spillway (512) therebetween.

3. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the circle footpath of described impeller (57) is greater than impeller (59), two-wheeled is with dividing equally six pages of blade faces (510) with the circle footpath, gone into by water surface arc nick, laterally straight line is same as water turbine inner width structure, support front end position impeller (57) be lower than the back impeller (59) the difference of height position, the two-wheeled spindle nose respectively is assemblied in belt wheel case (3) and has on the bearing support (36) of seal ring (37), and two-wheeled is both posterior radius and is subjected to the equidirectional rotation of water slug.

4. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described belt wheel case (3) is like the z font, from impeller (57), (59) position is high together to the support top, driving belt (32) rises to the two-fold belt wheel of upper part of the frame central principal axis (2) (31c) from impeller (57) single dress belt wheel (31a) to the two-fold belt wheel of impeller (59) (31b), the speedup that is linked in sequence configuration transmitting torque, with arriving on generator (1) belt wheel (31) with the speedup proportioning, one of them is the setting that connects axle bed (22) for the two-fold belt wheel (31c) of central principal axis (2) by central principal axis (2) intermediate section bit strip wheel (31e).

5. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described connection axle bed (22) is at water turbine upright plate (54) the updrift side face top of two adjacent arrangements, shaped as frame pedestal evagination all position is striden installation mutually, put the coupling shaft (21) that dress two bearing support (23) supports on the seat, each holds the belt wheel (31d) and the identical configuration transmission in footpath of the two-fold belt wheel of central principal axis (2) (31c) one wheel circle of spindle nose.

6. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lifting gate (8) is before the mouth of arranging of hydroturbine water intake separately, concrete rectangle abutment vertical surface U type grooved rail (82) is gone up lifting, be connected the water surface and gate with wide elongated slot floating drum (81) with rigidity straight-bar (83), by floating drum following water-level lifting regulating gate, rise and reduce flow, descend and increase the automatic adjusting water intake flow of current, make water turbine be subjected to water slug even, generator (1) voltage is steady.

7. low water head arranged type hydraulic turbine generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described floodgate (9) is between dam body and water turbine are with high side column (71) and middle column base (72), go up installation lever (93) one ends at the cylinder pin (96) of two column bases, slotted hole (93b) is inserted at cylinder U type guide groove (92) and opens in the middle of the bar, the gate that closes (95) top socket cap (95a), the other end floating drum trepanning (93a) assembling of bar and gate (95) are with wide circular floating drum (91), be when the instantaneous rise of riverbed water level, floating drum at up-stream face rises the construction device of starting gate (95) flood discharge.

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