CN2835593Y - Combustor of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, this firing chamber comprises firing chamber wall body (3), this chamber wall intracoelomic cavity (5) is provided with piston of combustion chamber (4), bottom surface (9) outer installment of this piston of combustion chamber (4) have make this piston of combustion chamber (4) along the firing chamber the reciprocating mechanism of (6) center line.Take such structure, just can in exhaust stroke at the end eliminate combustion chamber volume, reduce the residual gas in the firing chamber in a large number by moving of piston of combustion chamber, thereby improve combustion condition and the thing that reduces pollution emissions, have multiple technique effects such as synergy, energy-saving and environmental protection.

Description

The firing chamber of internal-combustion engine

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of firing chamber of internal-combustion engine.

Background technique

The firing chamber of internal-combustion engine is the space that holds inflammable mixture burning heat release in its cylinder, generally is divided into unified formula firing chamber and divided combustion chamber two big classes.The ubiquitous problem of these traditional combustion chambers of internal combustion engines is: because the firing chamber is fixing immutable, occupy fixing volume, therefore at the end in exhaust stroke, the burning chamber waste gas can not be drained, cause waste gas to remain in the firing chamber, such record is arranged: " because certain volume is occupied in the firing chamber; therefore at the end; waste gas can not be drained, the waste gas that this part stays is called residual gas " in exhaust stroke in the 17th page of " automobile construction " chapter 1 that People's Transportation Press publishes.This shows, because fixing volume is occupied in the firing chamber, so caused this technical barrier of residual gas.

The model utility content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines that can reduce residual gas.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, it comprises the firing chamber wall body, and this chamber wall intracoelomic cavity is provided with piston of combustion chamber, and the bottom surface outer installment of this piston of combustion chamber has makes this piston of combustion chamber along the reciprocating mechanism of firing chamber center line.

This makes the reciprocating mechanism of piston of combustion chamber can be one or some springs, and an end of this spring supports or be connected the bottom surface of described piston of combustion chamber, and the other end is connected on the bridge-like structure that links to each other with the cylinder piston key seat.Like this, by the variation of cylinder internal air pressure size and under the elastic force effect of this spring, make described piston of combustion chamber reciprocating along the firing chamber center line.The externally-arranged limit stoper that is useful on the described piston of combustion chamber mobile range of restriction in the bottom surface of described piston of combustion chamber, this limit stoper can be one or some tightropes, the two ends of this tightrope are connected with described piston of combustion chamber bottom surface with this bridge-like structure respectively, limit the maximum mobile range of described piston of combustion chamber by the stretched length that this tightrope is set, this tightrope can be by steel wire or copper wire manufacturing, can adopt also that other is high temperature resistant, certain toughness is arranged, can crooked made.

This also can be made of the reciprocating mechanism of piston of combustion chamber cam, roller, roller body, spring, spring seat, push rod and push-rod guide base.The two ends of this push rod are connected with spring seat with the piston of combustion chamber bottom surface respectively, push-rod guide base is set on the push rod, lead in order to pushrod movement, push-rod guide base internal surface of hole and push rod outer surface Spielpassung, this spring is installed between push-rod guide base and the spring seat, the upper end of spring is supported on the push-rod guide base, the lower end is pressed against on the spring seat of push rod end, spring has certain pretightening force when installing, push push rod to below by spring seat, spring seat is pressed on the roller body, thereby makes roller keep closely contacting with cam.Like this, when rotating actuator drives cam rotation, under the elastic force effect of spring, make described piston of combustion chamber reciprocating along the firing chamber center line.

As a kind of preferred structure of the present utility model, the chamber wall intracoelomic cavity has one to be a unitarily formed location seat ring with the firing chamber wall body, is used to support described piston of combustion chamber, makes the sealability that described piston of combustion chamber is firm more and improve the firing chamber.

As the further preferred structure of the utility model, the outer peripheral surface of described piston of combustion chamber has one or several recessed annular grooves that extends along the whole circumference direction, should be mounted with piston ring in the recessed annular groove, this piston ring can be the compression ring that seals between described piston of combustion chamber of assurance and combustion chamber wall surface, also can be to be used for lubricated combustion chamber wall surface and the oil ring that strikes off the unnecessary lubricant oil of this wall, the mode that can also adopt compression ring to be stacked and placed on above the oil ring is inserted in this recessed annular groove, in order to thickness and the weight that reduces piston of combustion chamber.Angle at location seat ring and this chamber wall intracoelomic cavity wall is provided with the piston ring packing ring that is used to support this piston ring, the inner side surface of this piston ring packing ring and piston of combustion chamber outer peripheral surface leave certain clearance to avoid bump, when this piston ring contacts with this piston ring upper surface of washer perpendicular to chamber wall intracoelomic cavity wall, like this, this piston ring packing ring plays the compressive strength of raising piston ring and the effect of sealability.

As a kind of improvement of the present utility model, corresponding recessed space on cylinder head, cylinder piston top forms the firing chamber, described piston of combustion chamber is arranged at the recessed inner chamber of cylinder piston apical head, the surface configuration of described piston of combustion chamber and this firing chamber surface of internal cavity shape are roughly suitable, to adapt to the design needs of various combustion-chamber shapes.Like this, described piston of combustion chamber head stretches out when entering this firing chamber from the cylinder piston top and can eliminate most combustion chamber volume.

After taking said structure, in exhaust stroke at the end, owing to eliminated combustion chamber volume, reduced the residual gas in the firing chamber in a large number by moving of piston of combustion chamber, thereby improve combustion condition and the thing that reduces pollution emissions, have multiple technique effects such as synergy, energy-saving and environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the cylinder piston plan view that apical head chamber wall intracoelomic cavity is provided with the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines.

Fig. 2 is the side sectional view (when piston of combustion chamber is located on the seat ring of location) of cylinder piston shown in Figure 1 top A-A line in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the side face view (when the piston of combustion chamber surface is positioned at the cylinder piston top) of cylinder piston shown in Figure 1 top A-A line in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of a kind of preferred structure of the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines.

Fig. 5 is the side sectional view that adopts subsidiary combustion chamber in the divided combustion chamber of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is that the bags is positioned at cylinder head, piston of combustion chamber is positioned at the side sectional view (when piston of combustion chamber is located on the seat ring of location) that the cylinder piston apical head is recessed into the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines of inner chamber.

Fig. 7 is that the bags is positioned at cylinder head, piston of combustion chamber is positioned at the side sectional view (when the piston of combustion chamber head enters the firing chamber) that the cylinder piston apical head is recessed into the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines of inner chamber.

Embodiment

Be provided with the cylinder piston plan view of the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines and this cylinder piston top shown in Figure 2 as can be known by apical head chamber wall intracoelomic cavity shown in Figure 1 along the side sectional view of A-A line among Fig. 1, the top of this cylinder piston 1 head is an annular combustion chamber wall body 3, this annular combustion chamber wall body 3 forms a recessed inner chamber 5 that is frustoconic shape (obviously also can be cylindrical), among Fig. 2 by annular combustion chamber wall body 3 and to be the recessed space that the piston of combustion chamber 4 of frustoconic shape constitutes be a unified formula firing chamber 6.This piston of combustion chamber 4 adopts aluminum alloy or other heating resisting metal made.The bottom surface 9 of this piston of combustion chamber 4 is externally-arranged with a spring 7, one end of this spring 7 is connected on the bridge-like structure 8 that links to each other with cylinder piston 1 key seat, the other end supports or is connected the bottom surface 9 of piston of combustion chamber 4, spring 7 has certain pretightening force when installing, push piston of combustion chamber 4 to cylinder piston 1 top by the spring force effect, the variation of gas pressure size can make this spring 7 make fore and aft motion in the cylinder, thus make this piston of combustion chamber 4 chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 along the firing chamber 6 center lines reciprocating.Obviously, this spring 7 also can be substituted by the cluster spring that some springs are formed.

By described cylinder piston shown in Figure 3 top as can be known along the side sectional view of A-A line among Fig. 1, piston of combustion chamber 4 is under the elastic force effect of spring 7, leave location seat ring 11 and move to cylinder piston 1 top, as shown in Figure 3, when described piston of combustion chamber 4 surfaces 10 arrive cylinder piston 1 top, eliminated the volume of firing chamber, thus clean the gaseous emission in the firing chamber.

By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be known, the bottom surface 9 of piston of combustion chamber 4 is externally-arranged with the spacing tightrope 12 that (obviously also can be some) is used to limit piston of combustion chamber 4 mobile ranges, this tightrope 12 is by the steel wire manufacturing, and the two ends of this steel wire tightrope 12 are connected with bridge-like structure 8 with piston of combustion chamber 4 bottom surfaces 9 respectively.As shown in Figure 2, when piston of combustion chamber 4 was located on the seat ring 11 of location, this steel wire tightrope 12 was in crooked state; As shown in Figure 3, when piston of combustion chamber 4 surfaces 10 were positioned at cylinder piston 1 top, this steel wire tightrope 12 was in straight configuration.Like this, just can limit the maximum mobile range of piston of combustion chamber 4 by the stretched length that this steel wire tightrope 12 is set, when elimination firing chamber 6 volumes are clean toxic emission, avoid piston of combustion chamber 4 to cause the bump infringement with other parts because mobile range is excessive.This tightrope 12 also can adopt copper wire or other high temperature resistant, have certain toughness, can crooked made.

By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be known, chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 has a location seat ring 11 that is used to support this piston of combustion chamber 4, this location seat ring 11 and 3 in aggregates of firing chamber wall bodies, the inclined-plane that this location seat ring 11 matches with the surface of contact one-tenth of piston of combustion chamber 4, can increase area of contact like this, more firm when making piston of combustion chamber 4 be located on the seat ring 11 of location, improve the heat transfer and the sealability of firing chamber.Obviously, location seat ring 11 also can be the plane of matching with the surface of contact of piston of combustion chamber 4.

From Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 as can be known, chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 is bumped into the working surface that hollow firing chamber cover 2 forms firing chamber 6, and firing chamber cover 2 can be with wear resistance alloy material or stupalith manufacturing preferably, to prolong the working life of firing chamber 6 working surfaces.The outer peripheral surface of piston of combustion chamber 4 has the recessed annular groove 13,14 that extends along the whole circumference direction, be used to settle piston ring 15,16, the longitudinal section that should be recessed into annular groove 13,14 is rectangular (obviously also can be square), and the outer peripheral surface of this piston ring 15,16 overlaps 2 internal faces with the firing chamber and contacts.Should be mounted with compression ring 15 by recessed annular groove 13, and be used to guarantee that piston of combustion chamber 4 and firing chamber overlapped the sealing between 2 internal faces, this recessed annular groove 14 is mounted with oil ring 16, is used for lubricated firing chamber and overlaps 2 internal faces and strike off the unnecessary lubricant oil of this wall.

Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of a kind of preferred structure of the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, there is shown piston ring 15,16 positional structures of another kind of piston of combustion chamber 4, compression ring 15 is placed in the recessed annular groove 13 of piston of combustion chamber 4 outer peripheral surfaces in the mode that is overlapped in above the oil ring 16, helps reducing the thickness and the weight of piston of combustion chamber 4 like this.Angle at location seat ring 11 and chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 walls is provided with the piston ring packing ring 17 that is used for supporting piston ring 16, the outer side surface of this piston ring packing ring 17 and bottom surface contact with chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 walls and location seat ring 11 upper surfaces respectively, inner side surface and piston of combustion chamber 4 outer peripheral surfaces leave certain clearance with avoid the bump, when piston ring 16 contacts with these piston ring packing ring 17 upper surfaces perpendicular to chamber wall intracoelomic cavity 5 walls.Because the working environment of firing chamber 6 is quite abominable, the pressure of these piston ring packing ring 17 supporting oil rings 16, oil ring 16 supports the pressure of compression rings 15, thereby can improve the compressive strength and the sealability of piston ring 15,16.Obviously, can also adopt the incorporate piston ring of compression ring and oil ring to substitute compression ring the mode above the oil ring of being overlapped in inserts in the recessed annular groove 13.

After adopting said structure, internal-combustion engine is in intake stroke, cylinder piston 1 from top dead center when lower dead center moves, the space of cylinder inside cylinder piston 1 top increases, gas pressure is reduced to less than barometric pressure, has promptly produced degree of vacuum, and the air inlet at the end interior gas pressure of cylinder is about 74-93kpa, so under the elastic force effect of spring 7, piston of combustion chamber 4 upper surfaces 10 maintain an equal level with cylinder piston 1 top and are in the state of eliminating combustion chamber volume.In compression stroke, cylinder piston 1 moves to top dead center from lower dead center, along with constantly dwindling of volume of cylinder, mixed gas (or air) is compressed back pressure and constantly increases, overcome the elastic force of spring 7 when gas pressure after, piston of combustion chamber 4 is under the effect that is subjected to gas pressure continuation rising, continuous holddown spring 7 and moving from cylinder piston 1 top to location seat ring 11, up to being located on the seat ring 11 of location and formation spill firing chamber 6, compression stroke at the end, gas pressure is about 600-1500kpa (diesel engine pressure is about 3500-4500kpa).In expansion space stroke, inflammable mixture after lighting discharges a large amount of heat energy, gaseous-pressure increases sharply, the maximum pressure that can reach is about 3000-5000kpa (diesel engine can reach 6000-9000kpa), and the effect lower combustion chamber piston 4 of this stage in high pressure presses location seat ring 11 and be in formation spill firing chamber 6 states.In exhaust stroke, along with waste gas constantly is discharged in outlet pipe and the atmosphere, gas pressure constantly descends in the cylinder, after the elastic force of spring 7 overcomes the deadweight and gas pressure of piston of combustion chamber 4, piston of combustion chamber 4 leaves location seat ring 11 and constantly moves to cylinder piston 1 top along with the lasting decline of gas pressure, maintain an equal level with cylinder piston 1 top and the elimination combustion chamber volume until piston of combustion chamber 4 upper surfaces 10, exhaust stroke at the end, the a little higher than atmospheric pressure of gas pressure in the cylinder is about 105-115kpa.In sum, when the elastic force of spring 7 during, just can successfully finish four strokes and clean the interior toxic emission in firing chamber 6 greater than exhaust stroke end of a period air pressure and piston of combustion chamber 4 deadweights and less than compression stroke end of a period air pressure.

Fig. 5 shows the side sectional view that adopts subsidiary combustion chamber in the divided combustion chamber of the present utility model, this subsidiary combustion chamber wall body inner chamber 5 is provided with piston of combustion chamber 4, this piston of combustion chamber 4 forms firing chamber 6 with firing chamber wall body 3, this firing chamber 6 by duct, top 25 and cylinder piston 1 top and cylinder head at the bottom of between main combustion chamber be connected, its with Fig. 1 to combustion chambers of internal combustion engines difference shown in Figure 3 be to adopt another kind make piston of combustion chamber 4 along the firing chamber the reciprocating mechanism of 6 center lines.This makes piston of combustion chamber 4 reciprocating mechanisms be made up of cam 18, roller 19, roller body 20, spring 21, spring seat 22, push rod 23 and push-rod guide base 24.The two ends of this push rod 23 are connected with spring seat 22 with piston of combustion chamber 4 bottom surfaces 9 respectively, push-rod guide base 24 is set on the push rod 23, in order to push rod 23 motion guides, push-rod guide base 24 internal surface of hole and push rod 23 outer surface Spielpassung, cooperate degree should make push rod 23 can do to-and-fro motion with respect to push-rod guide base 24 in push-rod guide base 24, this spring 21 is installed between push-rod guide base 24 and the spring seat 22, the upper end of spring 21 is supported on the push-rod guide base 24, the lower end is pressed against on the spring seat 22 of push rod 23 ends, spring 21 has certain pretightening force when installing, push push rod 23 to below by spring seat 22, spring seat 22 is pressed on the roller body 20, thereby makes roller 19 keep closely contacting with cam 18.Like this, when rotating actuator drives cam 18 rotations, cam 18 convex portions are jack-up roller 19 and roller body 20, by spring seat 22 pressure springs 21, making push rod 23 promotion piston of combustion chamber 4 leave location seat ring 11 moves to 6 tops, firing chamber, when the summit of process cam 18 convex portions, piston of combustion chamber 4 surfaces 10 arrive and suitable position, 6 tops, firing chamber, and the elimination combustion chamber volume, after cam 18 convex portions slip over roller 19, piston of combustion chamber 4 just is being located under the effect of spring 21 on the seat ring 11 of location, thereby forms firing chamber 6.In intake stroke, piston of combustion chamber 4 moves to location seat ring 11 at 6 tops from the firing chamber, in the compression stroke starting stage, piston of combustion chamber 4 is located in location seat ring 11 and forms firing chamber 6, after overcompression and lighting work done, expansion space stroke later stage opening in advance along with exhaust valve, piston of combustion chamber 4 begins to leave location seat ring 11 and moves to 6 tops, firing chamber, at the end arrive suitable position, 6 tops, firing chamber in exhaust stroke, thereby the elimination combustion chamber volume is clean with the toxic emission in the firing chamber 6.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show 6 spaces, firing chamber and are positioned at the side sectional view that cylinder head 26, piston of combustion chamber 4 are positioned at the utility model combustion chambers of internal combustion engines of the recessed inner chamber 27 of cylinder piston 1 apical head, when wherein Fig. 6 shows on the piston of combustion chamber 4 located location seat rings 11, piston of combustion chamber 4 surfaces 10 roughly maintain an equal level with cylinder piston 1 top and form firing chamber 6, and Fig. 7 shows piston of combustion chamber 4 heads and stretches out from cylinder piston 1 top when entering firing chamber 6 and eliminated most combustion chamber volume.According to Fig. 6 as can be known, cylinder piston 1 top forms firing chamber 6 with cylinder head 26 corresponding recessed spaces, piston of combustion chamber 4 is arranged at the recessed inner chamber 27 of cylinder piston 1 apical head, as shown in Figure 7, piston of combustion chamber 4 surperficial 10 shapes and firing chamber 6 surface of internal cavity shapes are roughly suitable, its cooperate degree should make the surface 10 of piston of combustion chamber 4 avoid and other components hit, adopts this structure can adapt to the design needs of various combustion-chamber shapes.Among Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the cavity structure of piston of combustion chamber 4 can reduce the weight of piston of combustion chamber, according to the needs of structural design, is provided with two spacing tightropes 12, and these two tightropes 12 are symmetrical between spring 7 and location seat ring 11.

From the above, the reciprocating spring mechanism of 6 center lines has characteristics such as quality is little, simple in structure, with low cost along the firing chamber for Fig. 2 and the piston of combustion chamber 4 that makes shown in Figure 3, and transmission type mechanism shown in Figure 5 can accurately control the reciprocating rule of piston of combustion chamber 4 by machine operation.

Adopt after the technique scheme, because combustion chambers of internal combustion engines of the present utility model can discharge the waste gas in the firing chamber 6 in a large number, thereby improved combustion condition, make fuel be able to abundant burning, and then reduced emission of harmful substances in the tail gas, improve the power character and the Economy of internal-combustion engine, reached synergy, environmental protection, energy-conservation multiple technique effect.The utility model is suitable for the transformation of internal-combustion engine, and technological scheme is superior, is easy to implement, and is with low cost, is easy to popularize, and has good economic benefits and social benefit.

Any details of the foregoing description just is used to illustrate the utility model; rather than be used for limiting the utility model; it should be understood that; under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present utility model and major character; other multiple structural change is conspicuous, all is considered to drop within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, comprise firing chamber wall body (3), it is characterized in that: described chamber wall intracoelomic cavity (5) is provided with piston of combustion chamber (4), and bottom surface (9) outer installment of this piston of combustion chamber (4) has makes this piston of combustion chamber (4) along described firing chamber (6) the reciprocating mechanism of center line.

2, combustion chambers of internal combustion engines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: describedly make piston of combustion chamber (4) the reciprocating mechanism of (6) center line is one or some springs (7) along the firing chamber.

3, combustion chambers of internal combustion engines according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the spacing tightrope (12) of bottom surface (9) the restricted described piston of combustion chamber of outer installment (4) mobile range of described piston of combustion chamber (4).

4, combustion chambers of internal combustion engines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described make piston of combustion chamber (4) along the firing chamber the reciprocating mechanism of (6) center line by cam (18), roller (19), roller body (20), spring (21), spring seat (22), push rod (23) and push-rod guide base (24) are formed, the two ends of this push rod (23) are connected with spring seat (22) with described piston of combustion chamber (4) bottom surface (9) respectively, this push-rod guide base (24) is set on this push rod (23), this spring (21) is installed between this push-rod guide base (24) and this spring seat (22), this spring seat (22) is pressed on this roller body (20), thereby this roller (19) is closely contacted with this cam (18).

5, combustion chambers of internal combustion engines according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of cylinder piston (1) and cylinder head (26) go up corresponding recessed space and form firing chamber (6), described piston of combustion chamber (4) is arranged at the recessed inner chamber (27) of cylinder piston (1) apical head, and surface (10) shape of described piston of combustion chamber (4) and this firing chamber (6) surface of internal cavity shape are roughly suitable.

6, according to each described combustion chambers of internal combustion engines in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described chamber wall intracoelomic cavity (5) is provided with the location seat ring (11) of the described piston of combustion chamber of supporting (4), and this location seat ring (11) is a single piece with described firing chamber wall body (3).

7, according to each described combustion chambers of internal combustion engines in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of described piston of combustion chamber (4) has the recessed annular groove (13,14) that extends along the whole circumference direction, is mounted with piston ring (15,16) in this recessed annular groove (13,14).

8, combustion chambers of internal combustion engines according to claim 7 is characterized in that: compression ring (15) is inserted in the female annular groove (13) in the mode that is stacked and placed on above the oil ring (16).

9, according to each described combustion chambers of internal combustion engines in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: it is the cylinder piston (1) that a kind of apical head is provided with described firing chamber (6).

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