CN2816391Y

CN2816391Y - Oil jetting device

Info

Publication number: CN2816391Y
Application number: CN 200420052287
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于魁江
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-07-15
Filing date: 2004-07-15
Publication date: 2006-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2014-07-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of oil injection of an internal combustion engine, which discloses an oil injector. The utility model is mainly composed of an oil injector body, an oil injection nozzle, a needle valve, a pullback spring of the needle valve, etc., the oil injection nozzle is fixed onto the lower end of the oil injector body; the oil injection nozzle is provided with the needle valve, the upper end of which is sheathed with a pullback spring; the lower end of the pullback spring is supported on the oil injection nozzle; the upper end of the pullback spring is supported on the lower surface of a pressure adjustment block which is fixed onto the upper end of the needle valve; the lower end of the oil injection nozzle is provided with an inverted cone-shaped conical chamber; the cone on the lower end of the needle valve is in an inverted cone shape which corresponds to the inverted cone-shaped conical chamber; the inverted cone-shaped cone on the lower end of the needle valve and the inverted cone-shaped conical chamber on the lower end of the oil injection nozzle can jointly form a variable nozzle opening; when the oil is injected, the variable nozzle opening can change along with oil injection pressure; the fuel oil can not be limited by cutoff of injection holes any more, and the utility model can realize variable of the oil nozzle opening on genuine significance. The oil ejector of the utility model can be widely applied to various direct-ejection internal combustion starting.

Description

Oil sprayer

Affiliated technical field

The utility model relates to the internal-combustion engine oil supplying device, particularly the internal-combustion engine oil sprayer.

Background technique

Because the Abgasgesetz in short supply and more and more harsher of world energy sources, make the development of internal-combustion engine more and more faster, particularly oil spout technology, in oil-fired system, the oil sprayer decisive role, because it be with high pressure fuel on time according to quantity be atomized into easy ablaze mist of oil, and make mist of oil and firing chamber size, shape matches, being distributed to the firing chamber fully mixes with air everywhere, oil sprayer is except influencing the atomization quality of fuel oil, outside the spray characteristics such as penetration degree and distribution, also to oil spout power, beginning of injection, injection characteristics such as oil spout perdurabgility and fuel injection rate have significant impact, oil sprayer is to the performance decisive role of motor thus, and oil nozzle is the final outlet of fuel oil in oil sprayer, is most important element in the oil sprayer.The oil sprayer (mouth) that uses in the present various oil-fired system is the swing-in oil sprayer, and the disadvantage of swing-in oil sprayer is: can not the regulating and control of the transversal gross area of nozzle opening liquid communication.

Because nozzle opening is the fuel oil final outlet, thus nozzle opening can not regulate and control to have limited injection characteristics and spray characteristics, make oil sprayer under the various operating modes of motor, can't reach desirable oil spout effect, from formula

m = \frac{Pinj . L}{d . t}

In as can be seen, when unit time t and single fuel injection quantity L one timing, oil atomizing quality m equals the ratio m of injection pressure pinj and nozzle opening cross-section area d, this ratio m is directly proportional with pinj, be inversely proportional to d, if in pinj one d setting value big (high load working condition) regularly, at little load condition particularly during idling operation, because the little m of L is just little, cause that engine idle shakiness or idling are too high, it is the high major reason of engine idle discharging, also make the engine idle excessive oil consumption, make motor fuel delivery deficiency in the unit time when high load working condition is worked in d setting value less (during medium and small load), can only prolong oil injection duration, satisfy the fuel injection quantity demand of motor high load working condition, so just equal to have prolonged the time of diffusive combustion, make engine thermal efficiency worsen the worker and lead decline, oil consumption increases, and makes soot particle increase in the exhaust, after pinj raises, shortened with the oil mass injection duration, but when loading greatly at a high speed, oil bundle penetration range increases, and mist of oil hits the increase of wall amount, it is bad to atomize, and raising pinj exists a series of technical barriers again in the existing technology.

Another shortcoming of swing-in oil sprayer is: the throttle effect between needle-valve sealing cone and the seat surface, making the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber---real injection pressure is lower and spray orifice is certain, cause motor medium and small load particularly during idling throttle effect more obvious, m is less for the fuel-oil atmozation quality, atomization badness.

The 3rd shortcoming of swing-in oil sprayer is: the existence of pressure chamber's volume, although adopted so-called VCO type oil nozzle, but still there be (comprising each spray orifice total measurement (volume)) in pressure chamber's volume, reducing pressure chamber's volume is one of effective way that reduces HC, CO, experiment shows that the discharging of HC can reduce about 50% when the oil nozzle with the volume 0.2--0.3mm3 of pressure chamber replaces the oil nozzle of 0.6--1.0mm3.

It is variable that total the above existing oil sprayer does not also reach nozzle opening, makes oil sprayer can not well adapt to the oil spout needs of high-speed high-power internal-combustion engine of the needs, particularly load variations big (being that fuel delivery changes greatly) of motor.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of nozzle opening liquid communication variable area (variable-throat), pressure-less chamber, no seat surface throttle effect can realize pre-spray and main injection function, can satisfy the big internal-combustion engine fuel feeding needs of load variations, the oil sprayer of low oil consumption low emission standard.

The purpose of this utility model is by providing the oil sprayer with following structure to realize, the utility model oil sprayer is by oil injector body, formations such as oil nozzle, the high-pressure oil pipe interface is arranged on the described oil injector body, the oil return tubing interface, lug or installation outside thread with the strap bolt hole are installed, in the high pressure oil pipeline is arranged, the oil return oil duct, locating stud, oil nozzle is fixed on the oil injector body lower end with connection set, its needle-valve upper end exceeds the oil nozzle upper end and puts in the oil injector body inner chamber, the needle-valve return spring is enclosed within the needle-valve upper end, its lower end withstands on the oil nozzle, the upper end withstands on the needle-valve below the end pressure adjustment soon, it is that a porose bloom in center is enclosed within needle-valve upper end and fixing that pressure is adjusted piece, below the pressure adjustment piece pressure buffer device is arranged, its damping device upper end withstands on pressure and adjusts below the piece, the needle-valve lower end is a back taper type cone, center, oil nozzle lower end has one with the corresponding inverted cone conical cavity of needle-valve lower end back taper type cone, cone angle end in conical cavity has annular recess, and follow high-pressure oil duct to communicate, back taper conical cavity inner conical surface constitutes variable-throat with back taper cone male cone (strobilus masculinus), oil nozzle and needle-valve are that fine gtinding is joined mating plate, all on same center line, all fine gtindings are joined its gap of mating plate in 0.0025 millimeter for oil nozzle and needle-valve.

The pressure buffer device that described pressure is adjusted on the piece can be the pressure buffer spring, and the pressure that its upper end withstands under the pressure adjustment piece is adjusted the pad lower end, and the lower end withstands on the oil nozzle body.

The pressure buffer device that described pressure is adjusted on the piece can be the pressure buffer cushion block, this cushion block can be the cushion pad that metallic material or nonmetallic material are made, the pressure that its lower end withstands on above the needle-valve return spring is adjusted the pad upper end, pressure above its upper end withstands on the needle-valve return spring is adjusted the pad upper end, and its upper end withstands on pressure and adjusts below the piece.

Described oil nozzle can be fixed on the oil injector body lower end with the attaching nut.

Described oil nozzle can be fastened on the oil injector body lower end with oil injector body with self screw thread.

Coning angle can equal needle-valve lower end inverted cone coning angle in the back taper chamber, described oil nozzle lower end, and when variable-throat was closed condition, two conical surfaces were just in time tightly taken the photograph and closed.

Back taper chamber, described oil nozzle lower end coning angle can be less than needle-valve lower end inverted cone coning angle, and when variable-throat was closed condition, inverted cone conical surface outer rim and back taper chamber, oil nozzle lower end inner conical surface outer rim were taken the photograph and lumped together, and angle ∠ a is arranged between two conical surfaces.

Cone angle can be greater than needle-valve lower end inverted cone coning angle in the back taper chamber, described oil nozzle lower end, and when variable-throat was closed condition, the back taper chamber inner conical surface inner edge and the inverted cone conical surface were taken the photograph and closed, and an angle ∠ b is arranged between two conical surfaces.

On the inverted cone conical surface of described needle-valve lower end He on the inner conical surface of back taper chamber, oil nozzle lower end the shallow skewed slot of camber can be arranged, its length must be less than the length of the place conical surface.

Owing to adopted said structure, injector valve can carry out opening and closing in strict accordance with injection pressure, because injector valve is that the back taper type is outward opening, it is exactly the oil nozzle injection process that injector valve is opened descending process, in whole injection process, the total cross-section area of nozzle opening is that the length along with the fuel injection needle stroke distances changes, realized the adjustable of nozzle opening, guaranteed that oil sprayer can spray the requirement of different oil masses when the different load different rotating speeds of identical fuel pressure in identical oil spout duration, allow nozzle opening change according to the height of injection pressure, and no longer be invariable, obtain higher oil atomizing quality under the situation of same fuel injection quantity, can satisfy heavy duty at little load slow-speed of revolution operating mode requirements of one's work, can satisfy simultaneously the high rotating speed high load working condition of high power engine requirements of one's work again, that is to say, because the changeable of spray orifice, can make motor particularly the Large-power High-Speed internal-combustion engine when the work of little load speed, obtain higher fuel-oil atmozation quality, promote burning, reduce the discharging of internal-combustion engine harmful substance when the little load slow-speed of revolution is worked, can make motor when the high rotating speed of big load, identical fuel injection quantity injection time shortens, promptly shortened the duration of diffusive combustion, improved the mean effective pressure of internal-combustion engine, promptly improved fuel of internal combustion engine efficient, the internal-combustion engine oil consumption rate is reduced, also reduced simultaneously internal-combustion engine when high load working condition work since injection time prolong because of a bad unburned carbon hydrogen that brings of later stage diffusive combustion, the discharging of harmful substance such as carbon monoxide and particulate, because the outward opening oil sprayer of back taper type has adopted the grave pressure buffer device, can be divided into two sections injections to every circulation injection process: main injection and pre-spray are to reduce noise, the important means of nitrogen oxide and particle emission.The relative broad of reversed cone angle design freedom of the outward opening oil-fuel injector needle-valve of back taper type, can better be complementary with the engine piston size, form comparatively desirable combustion-chamber shape, make burning more complete, further reduce exhaust emission, the leading role of arc-shaped shallow slot on the inverted cone surface of fuel injection needle lower end, it is the mist of oil shape in the shape of a spiral of ejection, mate with compression swirl, fuel oil is diffused in the pressurized air better faster, oil gas mixes more even, helical oil thing has prolonged the moving line of mist of oil in the firing chamber, the wall amount of hitting of mist of oil is reduced, better with air mixing, and allow combustion flame move in the shape of a spiral to prevent the flame breath of quenching, reduce the burning dead angle, make oil inflame more thorough, more complete, reduce oil consumption and reduce discharging.

Description of drawings

Followingly with several specific embodiments the utility model electric-controlled fuel injector is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1: be the utility model oil sprayer first embodiment's sectional drawing (during not oil spout).

Fig. 2: be the utility model oil sprayer second embodiment's sectional drawing (during not oil spout).

Fig. 3: be the utility model oil sprayer the 3rd embodiment's sectional drawing (during not oil spout).

Fig. 4: be oil sprayer A shown in Figure 1 place (variable-throat) enlarged view.

Fig. 5: be the sectional drawing of oil sprayer variable-throat shown in Figure 7 when little load hangs down the fuel injection quantity oil spout.

Fig. 6: the sectional drawing that is oil sprayer variable-throat shown in Figure 7 when the high fuel injection quantity oil spout of big load.

Fig. 7: be fuel oil shown in Figure 8 section plan in shape when spraying in the shape of a spiral under the leading role of arc-shaped shallow slot.

Fig. 8: be oil sprayer side sectional view shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 9: the enlarged view that is the utility model oil sprayer B place shown in Figure 2 (variable-throat).

Figure 10: the enlarged view that is the utility model oil sprayer C place shown in Figure 3 (variable-throat).

Embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 8 shows the utility model oil sprayer first embodiment jointly, return tube connecting bolt 33 is arranged at oil injector body 2 tops, oil nozzle body 1 usefulness set screw nut 15 is fixed on oil injector body 2 lower ends, its high-pressure oil duct 10 is used end face ring connected in star 24 by oil nozzle body 1 and is communicated with 2 li high-pressure oil ducts 13 of oil injector body, 1 li needle-valve 3 upper end of oil nozzle body are stretched 2 li of oil injector bodies and respective clearance are arranged, needle-valve 3 return springs 4 are enclosed within needle-valve 3 upper ends, return spring 4 lower ends withstand on oil nozzle body 1 upper end, return spring 4 upper ends withstand on pressure and adjust below the piece 5 little domes, it is that pressure buffer spring 14 its upper ends withstand on below the pressure adjustment piece 5 big domes that pressure is adjusted piece 5 following pressure buffer devices, its lower end withstands on the oil spout oil body 1, needle-valve 3 lower end inverted cones 7 are corresponding with oil nozzle body 1 lower end inverted cone conical cavity, cone 7 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s 12 and conical cavity inner conical surface 8 constitute variable-throat 11, back taper type cone 7 cone angles 20 coning angles are greater than cone angle 19 coning angles in the back taper chamber, variable-throat 11 is in off position the time, angle ∠ a21 is arranged between male cone (strobilus masculinus) 12 and the inner conical surface 8, the conical surface 12 outer rims and inner conical surface 8 outer rims are closely taken the photograph and are closed, in angle ∠ a21, the shallow skewed slot 18 of equidirectional arc is arranged on the conical surface 12 and the conical surface 8, this skewed slot prolongs downwards from the conical surface 12 and 25 beginnings of the conical surface 8 upper limbs, its length is less than the width of the place conical surface, just take the photograph the outer rim place of closing and do not have the shallow skewed slot of arc at the conical surface 12 and inner conical surface 8, the assurance conical surface 12 outer rims and inner conical surface 8 outer rims are being taken the photograph fashionable sealing, the conical surface 12 exterior rim are corresponding with inner conical surface 8 exterior rim when variable-throat 11 is closed, oil nozzle body 1 lower end inverted cone conical cavity cone angle 19 ends have annular recess 26 to communicate with high-pressure oil duct 10, the width of back taper chamber inner conical surface 8 is less than the width of back taper cone 7 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s 12, oil nozzle body 1 and back taper chamber thereof and needle-valve 3 and inverted cone 7 thereof are all on same center line, and be even part through precise finish, its gap 27 should be in 0.0025 millimeter, there is special antifriction material 28 to be used for reducing the surface friction drag of oil nozzle body 1 inwall and needle-valve 3 on the rubbing surface of oil nozzle body 1 inwall and needle-valve 3, reduce wear, the utility model oil sprayer can be fixed on the cylinder head by the lug 29 in strap bolt hole 30 or with outside thread, high-pressure oil pipe interface 31 is connected with high-pressure oil pipe, during not oil spout, needle-valve 3 is the up variable-throat 11 of closing under the effect of return spring 4, when oil spout, high pressure fuel enters 2 li of oil injector bodies through high-pressure oil pipe interface 31, in high-

pressure oil duct

13 and 10 enters the belt oil groove 26 and angle ∠ a21 of oil nozzle lower end, on inverted cone 7 conical surfaces 12, produce a downward hydraulic pressure, when this pressure overcomes the pretension tension of needle-valve 3 return springs 4, the needle-valve 3 descending variable-throats 11 of opening, high pressure fuel is from variable-throat 11 ejections.Variable-throat 11 is final outlet of fuel oil, does not have the pressure chamber, and go in ring oil groove 26 and angle ∠ a21 internal combustion oil pressure are final injection pressure, so there is not the throttle effect of the swing-in pintle valve seat conical surface.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 9 show the utility model oil sprayer second embodiment; Pressure buffer device on the needle-valve 3 upper ends pressure adjustment piece 5 is a pressure buffer cushion block 16 in the present embodiment, this cushion block 16 can be that backing metal also can be non-backing metal, cushion block 16 upper ends withstand on pressure and adjust piece 5 lower ends, the lower end withstands on the return spring 4 on the surface pressure spacer sheet 6, oil nozzle body 1 upper-end surface is a matrix, oil nozzle body 1 and oil injector body 2 usefulness self screw thread 17 is connected and fixed, install and fix on the oil nozzle body 1 with outside thread 32, cone angle 19 ' coning angle is identical with needle-valve 3 lower end back taper cone 7 cone angles 20 ' coning angles in the oil nozzle body 1 lower end inverted cone conical cavity, variable-throat 11 in off position the time inverted cone conical cavity inner conical surface 8 closely take the photograph with cone 7 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s 12 and be in the same place, remove above-mentioned difference, other structure is all identical with first embodiment.

Fig. 3 and Figure 10 show the utility model oil sprayer the 3rd embodiment; In the present embodiment on the needle-valve 3 end pressure adjust that pressure buffer devices are plastic cushions 16 above the piece 5, its upper end withstands on pressure and adjusts the piece lower end, its lower end withstands on the return spring 4 on the surface pressure spacer sheet 6, needle-valve 3 lower end back taper type cone 7 cone angles 20 " coning angle is less than cone angle 19 in the oil nozzle body 1 lower end inverted cone conical cavity " coning angle, can spend spout 11 when closing, conical cavity inner conical surface 8 inner edges are closely taken the photograph with cone 7 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s 12 and are closed, angle ∠ b23 is arranged between two conical surfaces, in angle ∠ b23, there have the shallow skewed slot 18 of arc to remove on conical cavity inner conical surface 8 and cone 7 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s 12 to be last different, and other is all identical with first embodiment.

From above three embodiments as can be seen, some features of the utility model oil sprayer can exchange or omit, oil nozzle body 1 also can be the same with second embodiment in first embodiment, be connected and fixed with oil injector body 2 with self screw thread, and the also available set screw nut 15 of oil nozzle body 1 is fixed in oil injector body 2 lower ends among second embodiment.Coning angle as needle-valve 3 lower end inverted cones 7 cone angles 20 also can be less than or equal to injector body 1 lower end back taper conical cavity cone angle 19 coning angles, and same second and the 3rd implements middle variable-throat 11 also can be the same with first embodiment.Also have among first embodiment pressure buffer device also can with the two or three execute that pressure buffer device exchanges in the example.Can use the lug in strap bolt hole among first embodiment instead as outside thread on the oil nozzle body 1 among second embodiment, same first embodiment also can use the outside thread in the second enforcement power instead.Also have the shallow skewed slot of arc on the conical cavity inner conical surface 8 or cone 7 conical surfaces 12 can be both left-handed or dextrorotation simultaneously.

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 show Fig. 4 variable-throat under different injection pressures during oil spout the aperture of spout change, shown in Fig. 5 is spout aperture during oil pressure at the bottom of the low fuel delivery, shown in Fig. 6 be that high oil spout is pressed, spout aperture during big fuel injection quantity.

Fig. 7 shows the oil bundle under the effect of swinging to of the shallow skewed slot 18 of arc on inverted cone 7 conical surfaces 12 and the back taper chamber inner conical surface 8, the situation during ejection helical mist of oil.

Claims

1. oil sprayer, mainly by oil injector body, oil nozzle constitutes, oil nozzle is fixed on the oil injector body lower end, oil return oil duct interface and high-pressure oil pipe interface are arranged on the oil injector body, lug with holes or outside thread, in oil return oil duct and high-pressure oil duct are arranged, it is characterized in that: there is needle-valve (3) oil nozzle body (1) the inside, needle-valve (3) upper end is thin cylindrical body, upwards be inserted in the oil injector body (2), needle-valve (3) upper end is with return spring (4), return spring (4) lower end withstands on the oil nozzle body (1), return spring (4) upper end withstands on pressure and adjusts below the piece (5), pressure is adjusted piece (5) and is enclosed within needle-valve (3) upper end and fixing, below pressure is adjusted piece (5) and pressure adjustment pad (6) arranged between the return spring (4), pressure is adjusted the following pressure buffer device in addition of piece (5), oil nozzle body (1) lower end is the inverted cone conical cavity, there are one and the corresponding back taper type of inverted cone conical cavity cone (7) in needle-valve (3) lower end, conical cavity inner conical surface (8) cone angle end has annular groove (26), annular groove (26) is communicated with oil nozzle body (1) inner high voltage oil duct (10), oil nozzle body (1) inner high voltage oil duct (10) is communicated with oil injector body (2) lining high-pressure oil duct (13), conical cavity inner conical surface (8) and back taper type cone (7) male cone (strobilus masculinus) (12) constitute variable-throat (11) jointly, oil nozzle body (1), needle-valve (3), back taper chamber and needle-valve (3) lower end inverted cone (7) is on same center line, and needle-valve (3) and oil nozzle body (1) are to join mating plate.

2. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pressure buffer device below the pressure adjustment piece (5) is that its upper end of pressure buffer spring (14) heads on the following pressure adjustment pad (6) of pressure adjustment piece (5), and its lower end withstands on the oil injector body (1).

3. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pressure buffer device that pressure is adjusted below the piece (5) is that its upper end of pressure buffer cushion block (16) withstands on below the pressure adjustment piece (5), and its lower end withstands on pressure and adjusts on the pad (6).

4. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil nozzle body (1) is to be fixed on oil injector body (2) lower end with set screw nut (15).

5. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil nozzle body (1) is to be connected and fixed with self direct same oil injector body of screw thread (17) (2).

6. according to each described oil sprayer in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the width of its length of the shallow skewed slot of arc (18) less than the place conical surface arranged on needle-valve (3) lower end inverted cone (7) male cone (strobilus masculinus) (12) and oil sprayer mouth (1) the lower end back taper chamber inner conical surface (8).

7. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 6, it is characterized in that: its coning angle of oil nozzle body (1) lower end conical cavity cone angle (19 ') equals the coning angle of needle-valve (3) lower end inverted cone (7) cone angle (20 '), variable-throat (11) is in off position the time, and inner conical surface (8) is just in time taken the photograph with male cone (strobilus masculinus) (12) and lumped together.

8. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 6, it is characterized in that: needle-valve (3) lower end inverted cone (7) cone angle (20) coning angle is greater than oil nozzle body (1) lower end back taper chamber cone angle (19) coning angle, variable-throat (11) is in off position the time, inverted cone (7) conical surface (12) outer rim and back taper chamber inner conical surface (8) outer rim are taken the photograph and are closed, and an angle ∠ a (21) is arranged between two conical surfaces.

9. according to the described oil sprayer of claim 6, it is characterized in that: needle-valve (3) lower end inverted cone (7) cone angle (20 ") coning angle is less than back taper chamber, oil nozzle body (1) lower end cone angle (19 ") coning angle, variable-throat (11) is in off position the time, inverted cone (7) male cone (strobilus masculinus) (12) and back taper chamber inner conical surface (8) inner edge are taken the photograph and are closed, and angle ∠ b (23) is arranged between two conical surfaces.