CN2791491Y - Medical refuse circulating fluidized bed incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circulating fluidized bed incinerator for medical refuse. The circulating fluidized bed incinerator for medical refuse comprises a suspension section burning chamber and a dense phase section burning chamber, wherein the lateral wall of the lower end of the suspension section burning chamber is provided with a secondary air inlet pipe, and the lateral wall of the intersecting position of the suspension section burning chamber and the dense phase section burning chamber is provided with a feed opening for medical refuse and a limestone feeding device; the upper end of the suspension section burning chamber is connected with a gas solid separating burning chamber, the middle of the gas solid separating burning chamber is provided with a center cylinder and a returning device is arranged between the lower end of the gas solid separating burning chamber and the dense phase section burning chamber. The limestone (CaCO< 3 >) is used as inert bed materials of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator, and the limestone is burnt under the high temperature to generate CaO which makes a neutralization reaction with the acid gas, such as the hypochlorous acid of the medical refuse, the hydrogen chloride generated from the pyrolysis incineration, etc. The utility model ensures emission standard of the acid gas, and prolongs service life of the device.

Description

Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator.

Background technology

Medical waste is meant the refuse with direct or indirect infection, toxicity and other harmfulness that medical and health organization produces in medical treatment, disease-prevention or healthcare and other correlated activations.The clinical waste contaminated environment, spreading disease, pose a health risk, endanger very greatly, is the primary refuse in " national hazardous waste register " 47 class hazardous wastes.For preventing that clinical waste from causing social danger, transmission, to protect environment and ensure health, the incinerating method of exploitation clean combustion, environment protection emission cleans burning disposal to medical waste.

It is present common a kind of medical refuse burning mode that rotary kiln adds dual firing chamber.Rotary kiln is a columniform cylindrical shell, inner lining refractory, slightly tilt to install, feed end is higher than discharging section, motor drives cylindrical shell around the axle center unitary rotation by transmission mechanism, makes medical waste mixing, pyrolytic gasification, catches fire, and rubbish is in slow rotation process, decompose, be gasificated into fuel gas, dual firing chamber carries out burning of fuel gas.Because medical waste seals collection in medical institutions, can not sort before burning, the composition difference is bigger, when burning, the composition of medical waste and calorific value fluctuation are very big, are the vial that does not have calorific value sometimes, even the liquid medicine of the transfusion usefulness of also having mixed, calorific value is very low; And be cotton, paper and plastic products sometimes, calorific value is very high.The instability that this has also caused burning comes out in the actual motion at the outlet end of rotary kiln, and a large amount of using pyrolysis products are without burning discharge; Temperature fluctuation in the dual firing chamber is bigger, and when refuse thermal value was high, the temperature of dual firing chamber was very high, surpasses 1200 ℃, makes the concentration of emission of nitrogen oxide very high; And when refuse thermal value was low, the temperature of dual firing chamber was very low, and it is combustion-supporting need to drop into oil burner, made the tail gas clean-up difficult treatment after the burning, had improved operating cost, caused secondary pollution easily.

In addition; in the medical refuse burning system of rotary kiln and dual firing chamber's formation; because a large amount of chlorine-containing disinfectants and the plastic packaging bag that contain in the medical waste; make HCl content in the flue gas that medical refuse burning produces up to 1000ppm; remove HCl and just solved the environment protection emission problem and flue gas purification system is set before chimney; and to the particularly etching problem unprotect measure of bootstrap system of flue; under the serious situation; corrosion failure just appearred in equipment after two～three months, influenced the normal operation of system.Therefore, be necessary to develop new incinerating method and solve these problems.

Recirculating fluidized bed is a kind of low pollution that grows up at electric power, environmental protection industry (epi) in recent years, efficient incineration technology, its ignition temperature is 850～950 ℃, the time of staying of solid particle in recirculating fluidized bed can be up to a few hours, efficiency of combustion is suitable for the high-efficient low polluting combustion of multiple different fuels such as coal, domestic waste, mud greater than 99%.Coal-fired recirculating fluidized bed with quartz sand or cinder etc. as the circulation fluidized bed material, lime stone is as the additive of desulfurization, contain chloride acid pasteurization materials such as hypochlorous acid in the medical waste, contain a large amount of chlorine-bearing compounds in the packing materials such as medical waste and polybag thereof simultaneously, in burning process, if do not consider braking measure, generate chlorine hydride gas concentration and surpass 1000ppm.Rotary kiln in the past adds in dual firing chamber's structure, and incinerator is difficult to overcome the etching problem of sour gas.Therefore, circulating fluidized bed technique is improved, be incorporated in the medical refuse burning processing, exploitation can reach " dangerous waste incineration pollution control criterion " (GB18484-2001) incinerating method and device of emission request, has a good application prospect.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator.

Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator has the suspension section combustion chamber, close phase section combustion chamber, sidewall is provided with secondary wind inleting tube in lower end, suspension section combustion chamber, close phase section is provided with air-distribution device in the combustion chamber, air-distribution device is connected with all pressing bellows, lower end, close phase section combustion chamber is provided with slag-drip opening, on the sidewall of suspension section combustion chamber and intersection, the close combustion chamber of section mutually, be provided with the medical waste material inlet, the lime stone charging gear, upper end, suspension section combustion chamber is connected to the gas solid separation combustion chamber, be provided with central tube in the middle of the gas solid separation combustion chamber, be provided with loop back device between lower end, gas solid separation combustion chamber and the close section mutually combustion chamber.

The utility model is with the bed material of lime stone as recirculating fluidized bed, and cost is low, can effectively suppress the discharging of the sour gas such as hydrogen chloride in the waste incineration, long service life; Normal in service need not throw oil combustion-supporting, reduces operating cost; Because the calcium chloride that CaO and chlorine reaction back generate has reduced the concentration of chlorion the flue gas from the source, reduced the generation of hydrogen chloride and dioxin.Because running temperature is at 850～950 ℃, warm combustion zone in the genus, the discharged nitrous oxides concentration of incinerator is below 200ppm; The gentle time of staying of body heat hydrolysis products in recirculating fluidized bed of solid material is long, and the efficiency of combustion height has guaranteed the efficient after-flame of medical waste to prevent to cause secondary pollution.Lime stone is cheap material, adopts lime stone as recycle stock, can effectively suppress the discharging of HCl, and the HCl concentration in the flue gas is lower, has prevented the etching problem of incinerator and auxiliary device thereof, has prolonged the service life of incinerator effectively.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator.

The specific embodiment

As shown in drawings, Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator has suspension section combustion chamber 1, close phase section combustion chamber 4, be provided with air-distribution device 5 in the close phase section combustion chamber 4, air-distribution device 5 is connected with all pressing bellows 7,4 lower ends, close phase section combustion chamber are provided with slag-drip opening 6,1 lower end sidewall is provided with secondary wind inleting tube 2 in the suspension section combustion chamber, on the sidewall of suspension section combustion chamber 1 and 4 intersections, close section mutually combustion chamber, be provided with medical waste material inlet 3, lime stone charging gear 8,1 upper end, suspension section combustion chamber is connected to gas solid separation combustion chamber 10, be provided with central tubes 11 in the middle of the gas solid separation combustion chamber 10, be provided with loop back device 9 between 10 lower ends, gas solid separation combustion chamber and the close section mutually combustion chamber 4.

Medical refuse circulating fluidized bed incinerating method: with lime stone (CaCO ₃) as the inert bed material of recirculating fluidized bed, the sour gas neutralization reactions such as hydrogen chloride that produce in the CaO that lime stone calcination at high temperature generates and hypochlorous acid in the medical waste and the pyrolytic incineration, after medical waste feeds the close phase section of incinerator combustion chamber 4, fluidised high temperature limestone particle inert bed material rapids is mixed with being, heat up, refuse pyrolysis, gasification, be divided into the gas-solid two-phase, gaseous product after the pyrolysis enters suspension section combustion chamber 1 to be continued to burn, a part of fine size is entrained in suspension section combustion chamber 1 with the light solid product of density and burns away after the pyrolysis, another part coarse size or density is high stays in the close phase section combustion chamber 4 and burn, air-flow is being carried lime stone circulation fluidized bed material and flammable fine grained secretly and is being entered gas solid separation combustion chamber 10 and burn away, and lime stone and particle separate from air-flow in the gas solid separation combustion chamber and return close phase section combustion chamber and continue circulating combustion.

The air-flow time of staying is 3-8 second in the described suspension section combustion chamber 1, air-flow 5-10 second in gas solid separation combustion chamber 10.The central tube outlet has 8～10% oxygen content.

The medical refuse circulating fluidized bed incinerating method that the utility model provides is with lime stone (CaCO ₃) as the high temperature circulation material of recirculating fluidized bed, keep 850～950 ℃ uniform temperature in the incinerator, lime stone high-temperature calcination under 850 ℃ hot conditions generates CaO, with hydrogen chloride, sour gas neutralization reactions such as sulfur dioxide, with this understanding, hydrogen cloride concentration in the circulating fluidized bed incinerator that the utility model provides is lower than 30ppm, sulfur dioxide concentration is lower than 20ppm, because the generation of dioxin needs the chlorine source, because the calcium chloride that CaO and chlorine reaction back generate has reduced the concentration of chlorion the flue gas from the source, the generation concentration of dioxin is lower than 0.1ng/m3, far below the limit value of national environmental standard regulation.

The wall surface material of the close phase section combustion chamber 4 of recirculating fluidized bed, suspension section combustion chamber 1, gas solid separation combustion chamber 10 is all used and is watered material feeding and insulation material formation, do not establish water cooling plant, not adding auxiliary fuel by self heat when making medical refuse burning just can keep incinerator and move economic operating cost 850～950 ℃ temperature range.

Claims (1)

1. Circulating Fluidized Bed Disposal of Medical Waste Incinerator, it is characterized in that, it has suspension section combustion chamber (1), close phase section combustion chamber (4), sidewall is provided with secondary wind inleting tube (2) in lower end, suspension section combustion chamber (1), be provided with air-distribution device (5) in the close phase section combustion chamber (4), air-distribution device (5) is connected with all pressing bellows (7), lower end, close phase section combustion chamber (4) is provided with slag-drip opening (6), on the sidewall of suspension section combustion chamber (1) and intersection, close section mutually combustion chamber (4), be provided with medical waste material inlet (3), lime stone charging gear (8), upper end, suspension section combustion chamber (1) is connected to gas solid separation combustion chamber (10), be provided with central tube (11) in the middle of the gas solid separation combustion chamber (10), be provided with loop back device (9) between lower end, gas solid separation combustion chamber (10) and the close section mutually combustion chamber (4).