CN2789522Y - Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium - Google Patents
Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2789522Y CN2789522Y CN 200520100996 CN200520100996U CN2789522Y CN 2789522 Y CN2789522 Y CN 2789522Y CN 200520100996 CN200520100996 CN 200520100996 CN 200520100996 U CN200520100996 U CN 200520100996U CN 2789522 Y CN2789522 Y CN 2789522Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- cavity
- expansion valve
- introduce
- easy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a thermal expansion valve which is easy to introduce diaphragm balance media. A fast channel of a cavity and a leading cavity, which is formed by the communication of a diaphragm and an air box seat is arranged on the transmission sheet. Under the condition that the good guide of the transmission sheet is ensured, the design that the transmission sheet is matched with a guide part is achieved; although the balance media enter the lower cavity of an air box head through a combining part of the guide part and the transmission sheet to generate irregular pressure force because of the definite eccentricity of the cooperation of the transmission sheet and the guide part, the unevenness can be reduced; besides, the fast channel can improve the speed of the balance media of entering the lower cavity from the leading cavity and improve the reaction speed when the diaphragm affects the external factors to change. In addition, owing to the arrangement of the fast channel, the quality of the transmission sheet can be reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model relates to a kind of thermal expansion valve arrangement that is used for the fluid medium throttling expansion, a kind of specifically heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media.
[background technique]
By responding the heating power expansion valve of fluid pressure signal that heat causes, be specially adapted in refrigeration or air-conditioning system, control the flow that flow into refrigeration agent in the vaporizer to controlling by the fluid of valve.Compressed high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant flows among the condenser L in compressor Y, be cooled to high pressure liquid refrigerant, enter expansion valve P and carry out the throttling step-down, be inhaled in the compressor after entering vaporizer Z absorption heat of vaporization by the expansion valve outlet then, finish a circulation (referring to Fig. 1).
Known heating power expansion valve (referring to Fig. 2) comprises valve body G1, air tank head parts G2, valve hole part and Regulation spring G3: air tank head parts G2 comprises connecting base G28, gas tank seat G23, gas tank lid G21, diaphragm G22, driver blade G24 and bulb G25, by connecting base G28 whole air tank head parts are connected valve body G1 upper end, form epicoele G26 between gas tank lid G21 and the diaphragm G22, diaphragm G22, connecting base G28, gas tank seat G23 constitutes cavity of resorption G29, bulb G25 is communicated with epicoele G26 by capillary tube G27, and driver blade G24 is arranged in diaphragm G22 downside and by guide portion guiding (figure is connecting base G28 as guide portion); Valve body G1 has an import G11, an outlet G12 and is communicated with the valve port G13 of import and outlet, form first guide cavity G14 between valve body G1 upper end and the driver blade G24, (this balance channel can be the outer balance channel G15 that is introduced the operating on low voltage medium by the evaporator outlet place outwards to offer balance channel from first guide cavity G14, also can be the inner equilibrium passage G16 that is communicated with outlet, as shown in phantom in FIG.); Valve hole part comprises drive link G42 and is positioned at the spool G41 of valve port downside, contacts to respond the action of diaphragm G22 with driver blade G24 on the drive link G42, and the lower end extends valve port G13 downside and conflicts on spool G41; Regulation spring G3 lower end is supported by adjusting nut G17, and spool G41 is supported in the upper end, and adjusting nut G17 downside also has sealing seat G18; Thereby spool G41 is conditioned spring G3 and gas tank head member G2 remains on the valve port downside: diaphragm G22 is subjected to the pressure of the cavity of resorption of the epicoele G26 internal pressure of its upside and its downside, first guide cavity G14 and acts on the spool by driver blade G24, drive link G42, the spring force that Regulation spring G3 is produced is supported on the spool G41, when the diaphragm upper and lower sides bears variation in pressure, diaphragm action with power pass to driver blade and with Regulation spring control the spool lifting and change and valve port G13 between the position, the Control work rate-of flow.Above-mentioned known expansion valve, be combined with certain off-centre between driver blade and the guide portion, for to the driver blade good guidance, clearance t between driver blade and the guide portion very little usually (referring to Fig. 3), therefore no matter taking outer balance mode still is the inner equilibrium mode, it is inhomogeneous that above-mentioned off-centre always makes that the connecting part of balance media by guide portion and driver blade produces bigger pressure when entering the air tank head cavity of resorption, nor the balance media that is beneficial to introducing flows into cavity of resorption smoothly, and is more blunt when causing diaphragm response external factors vary.
[model utility content]
The technical assignment of the technical problems to be solved in the utility model and proposition is to overcome the existing technological deficiency of above-mentioned heating power expansion valve, a kind of heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media is provided, it is inhomogeneous to produce bigger pressure when reducing to enter the air tank head cavity of resorption because of balance media that off-centre causes, the reaction velocity when accelerating diaphragm response external factors vary.For this reason, the utility model is taked following technical proposals:
A kind of heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media comprises valve body, air tank head parts and valve hole part, has the valve port and the balance channel of import, outlet, connection import and outlet on the described valve body; Described air tank head parts are connected the valve body upper end, the diaphragm of action is separated into epicoele and cavity of resorption by the variation of response temperature for it, be provided with driver blade at the diaphragm downside, and form the first guide cavity that is communicated with described balance channel between driver blade and the valve body by guide portion guiding; Described valve hole part comprises near spool the valve port and the drive link between driver blade and spool; It is characterized in that described driver blade is provided with the express passway that is communicated with cavity of resorption and first guide cavity.This programme is by being provided with express passway, under the prerequisite that guarantees the driver blade good guidance, made things convenient for matching design between driver blade and the guide portion, even to make that the connecting part of balance media by guide portion and driver blade produces pressure when entering the air tank head cavity of resorption inhomogeneous because of the certain off-centre that is combined with between driver blade and the guide portion, also can make this inhomogeneously reduce greatly; And this express passway can be accelerated the speed that the before guide cavity of balance media enters cavity of resorption, the reaction velocity when accelerating diaphragm response external factors vary.In addition, the setting of express passway can also reduce the quality of driver blade self.
In the specific implementation, simple in structure for making, perhaps strengthen technique effect of the present utility model, can also take following additional technical feature:
Described driver blade has guide section, and described express passway is to receive the limit to form in the periphery of guide section is provided with: receive the limit in described and can be straight flange, also can be bent limit.
Described express passway is the through hole that is opened on the driver blade.
Described guide portion can be arranged on the valve body; Also can be arranged on the air tank head parts, the cavity of resorption of this moment can be surrounded by gas tank seat and diaphragm, and guide portion is arranged on the gas tank seat, and perhaps cavity of resorption is surrounded by connecting base, gas tank seat and diaphragm, and guide portion is arranged on the connecting base.
The utility model is simple in structure, is skillfully constructed, and is convenient to processing and assembling, and is practical.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the utility model is described further.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation that expansion valve is used for refrigeration system.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of known heating power expansion valve.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of heating power expansion valve driver blade shown in Figure 2 and guide portion.
Fig. 4 is a concrete structure schematic representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 a is a concrete structure schematic representation of the utility model driver blade.
Fig. 5 b is the worm's eye view of Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 6 a is another concrete structure schematic representation of the utility model driver blade.
Fig. 6 b is the worm's eye view of Fig. 6 a.
Fig. 7 a is the 3rd a concrete structure schematic representation of the utility model driver blade.
Fig. 7 b is the worm's eye view of Fig. 7 a.
[embodiment]
Heating power expansion valve as shown in Figure 4, comprise valve body 1, air tank head parts 2, valve hole part and Regulation spring 3: air tank head parts 2 comprise connecting base 28, gas tank seat 23, gas tank lid 21, diaphragm 22, driver blade 24 and bulb 25, by connecting base 28 whole air tank head parts are connected valve body 1 upper end, form epicoele 26 between gas tank lid 21 and the diaphragm 22, diaphragm 22, connecting base 28, gas tank seat 23 constitutes cavity of resorption 29, bulb 25 is communicated with epicoeles 26 by capillary tube 27, and driver blade 24 is arranged in diaphragm 22 downsides and by guide portion guiding (figure is a connecting base 28 as guide portion); Valve body 1 has an import 11, an outlet 12 and is communicated with the valve port 13 of import and outlet, form first guide cavity 14 between valve body 1 upper end and the driver blade 24, (this balance channel can be an outer balance channel 15 from the evaporator outlet place to first guide cavity 14 that introduced balance media by outwards to offer balance channel from first guide cavity 14; Also can be by the inner equilibrium passage 16 of outlet, as shown in phantom in FIG.) to first guide cavity 14 introducing balance medias; Valve hole part comprises drive link 42 and the spool 41 that is positioned at the valve port downside, and drive link 42 upper ends contact the action with response diaphragm 22 with driver blade 24, and the lower end extends valve port 13 downsides and conflicts on spool 41; Regulation spring 3 lower ends are supported by adjusting nut 17, and spool 41 is supported in the upper end, and adjusting nut 17 downsides also have sealing seat 18; Thereby spool 41 is conditioned spring 3 and gas tank head member 2 remains on the valve port downside: diaphragm 22 be subjected to epicoele 26 internal pressures of its upside and its downside cavity of resorption 29, first guide cavity 14 pressure and act on the spool by driver blade 24, drive link 42, the spring force that Regulation spring 3 is produced is supported on the spool 41, when the diaphragm upper and lower sides bears variation in pressure, diaphragm action with power pass to driver blade and with Regulation spring control the spool lifting and change and valve port 13 between the position, the Control work rate-of flow.Be that with known heating power expansion valve difference part driver blade is provided with express passway, this express passway can be following concrete form at least:
(1), be arranged to regular polygon, its straight flange 24a2 is interior receipts limits, thereby forms express passway 5a at the guide section periphery of driver blade; And the bight 24a1 of regular polygon (arcuation that is evagination) cooperates guiding with guide portion.
(2), imploded arcs limit 24b2 (receiving the limit promptly) evenly is set, thereby form express passway 5b, and the arcuation limit 24b1 of its evagination cooperates guiding with guide portion at the guide section periphery of driver blade.
(3), on the driver blade guide section, offer through hole 24c as express passway.
The guide portion of ubi supra also can be following concrete condition: according to the concrete annexation of air tank head parts and valve body, it can be arranged on the valve body and (not provide diagram); Also can be arranged on the air tank head parts, the cavity of resorption of this moment can be surrounded by gas tank seat and diaphragm, guide portion is arranged on the gas tank seat (do not provide diagram), perhaps cavity of resorption is surrounded by connecting base, gas tank seat and diaphragm, and guide portion is arranged on (referring to Fig. 4) on the connecting base.
Need to prove, the utility model essence is that the express passway that is communicated with cavity of resorption and first guide cavity is set on driver blade, with under the prerequisite that guarantees the driver blade good guidance, increased the gap between driver blade and the guide portion, even to make that the connecting part of balance media by guide portion and driver blade produces pressure when entering the air tank head cavity of resorption inhomogeneous because of the certain off-centre that is combined with between driver blade and the guide portion, also can make this inhomogeneously reduce greatly; And this express passway can be accelerated the speed that the before guide cavity of balance media enters cavity of resorption, the reaction velocity when accelerating diaphragm response external factors vary; Therefore, about the concrete form of express passway, the utility model is not done concrete qualification, is not limited to the disclosed concrete structure of the utility model yet.On this basis, the variation at relevant other positions of heating power expansion valve, such as the position setting of outlet, the epicoele of air tank head parts has or not by capillary tube and is communicated with bulb etc., and this programme is not all had influence, is not limited to the above specific constructive form of addressing.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media, comprise valve body (1), air tank head parts (2) and valve hole part, have the valve port (13) and the balance channel of import (11), outlet (12), connection import and outlet on the described valve body (1); Described air tank head parts (2) are connected the valve body upper end, the diaphragm (22) of action is separated into epicoele and cavity of resorption by the variation of the response degree of superheat for it, be provided with driver blade (24) at diaphragm (22) downside by guide portion guiding, and the first guide cavity (14) that formation is communicated with described balance channel between driver blade (24) and the valve body (1); Described valve hole part comprise be positioned near the spool (41) the valve port and be positioned at driver blade (24) and spool (41) between drive link (42); It is characterized in that described driver blade (24) is provided with connection diaphragm and the cavity of resorption of gas tank seat formation and the express passway of first guide cavity (14).
2, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 1 is characterized in that described driver blade (24) has guide section, and described express passway is to receive limit (24a1) at least (24b1) to form in the periphery of guide section is provided with.
3, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 2 is characterized in that described interior receipts limit is straight flange (24a1).
4, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 2 is characterized in that described interior receipts limit is bent limit (24b1).
5, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 1 is characterized in that described express passway is the through hole (24c) that is opened on the driver blade (24).
6,, it is characterized in that described guide portion is arranged on the valve body according to the described heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media of 1～5 arbitrary claim.
7,, it is characterized in that described guide portion is arranged on the air tank head parts (2) according to the described heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media of 1～5 arbitrary claim.
8, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 7 is characterized in that described cavity of resorption is surrounded by gas tank seat and diaphragm, and described guide portion is arranged on the gas tank seat.
9, the heating power expansion valve that is easy to introduce the diaphragm balance media according to claim 7 is characterized in that described cavity of resorption is surrounded by connecting base, gas tank seat and diaphragm, and described guide portion is arranged on the connecting base.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520100996 CN2789522Y (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2005-03-16 | Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520100996 CN2789522Y (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2005-03-16 | Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2789522Y true CN2789522Y (en) | 2006-06-21 |
Family
ID=36789853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520100996 Expired - Lifetime CN2789522Y (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2005-03-16 | Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2789522Y (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102466054A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Expansion valve |
| CN102589208A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system and its thermostatic expansion valve |
| CN102589207A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system and thermostatic expansion valve thereof |
| WO2012095011A1 (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-19 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigerating system and thermostatic expansion valve thereof |
| CN103291992A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Thermostatic expansion valve |
| CN104344611A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-11 | 盾安环境技术有限公司 | Expansion valve |
| CN107289684A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-24 | 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 | Heating power expansion valve and the air-conditioning system with it |
-
2005
- 2005-03-16 CN CN 200520100996 patent/CN2789522Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102466054A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Expansion valve |
| CN102466054B (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2015-07-01 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Expansion valve |
| CN102589208A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system and its thermostatic expansion valve |
| CN102589207A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system and thermostatic expansion valve thereof |
| WO2012095011A1 (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-19 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigerating system and thermostatic expansion valve thereof |
| CN102589207B (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2015-07-01 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system and thermostatic expansion valve thereof |
| CN103291992A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | Thermostatic expansion valve |
| CN104344611A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-11 | 盾安环境技术有限公司 | Expansion valve |
| CN104344611B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2018-01-26 | 盾安环境技术有限公司 | A kind of expansion valve |
| CN107289684A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-24 | 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 | Heating power expansion valve and the air-conditioning system with it |
| CN107289684B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 | Thermostatic expansion valve and air conditioning system with same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN2789522Y (en) | Thermal expansion valve easy to introduce membrane balance medium | |
| CN2789524Y (en) | Thermal expansion valve port opening regulating structure | |
| US20050178152A1 (en) | Expansion valve | |
| CN1834507A (en) | Thermal expansion valve for preventing high pressure medium transmission portion from leakage | |
| EP1069359B1 (en) | Pilot operated flow regulating valve | |
| CN2783060Y (en) | Flow saving low noise normally open electromagnetic valve | |
| CN2804508Y (en) | Thermodynamic expansion valve set with fast tunnel for diaphragm balance medium | |
| CN1834509A (en) | Thermal expansion valve having diversion function | |
| KR20010076283A (en) | Temperature expansion valve | |
| CN2675970Y (en) | Fore running type bidirectional current electromagnetic valve | |
| CN201225441Y (en) | External control type electric controlled valve with guide sleeve and casing connected by transition fit | |
| KR101137976B1 (en) | Expansion valve | |
| JP2006266568A (en) | Expansion valve | |
| CN2804507Y (en) | Thermodynamic expansion valve with filtering function | |
| CN2804530Y (en) | Air box head parts | |
| CN2789547Y (en) | Gas tank head parts | |
| CN217927233U (en) | Electronic expansion valve and refrigeration equipment | |
| CN200955588Y (en) | Aluminium automobile air-conditioner thermal expanding valve | |
| CN1834506A (en) | Top arranged thermal expansion valve of regulation spring | |
| CN108423976B (en) | Glass blowing control device for forming area of tempering furnace and glass blowing equipment of tempering furnace | |
| CN113339545A (en) | Driving double-buffering executing device of stepless air quantity regulating air valve of compressor | |
| CN2791414Y (en) | Diaphragm piece and drive piece matching structure of air box head component | |
| JP2007178066A (en) | Expansion valve | |
| CN2767794Y (en) | Adsorption and injection power head part | |
| JP3195680B2 (en) | Control valve for compressor capacity control |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: ZHEJIANG SANHUA VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEM CO.LTD.; P Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHEJIANG SANHUA CLIMATE + APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP CO., LTD. Effective date: 20080328 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20080328 Address after: Three flower Industrial Park, No. 21, 60 street, economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, Hangzhou Province, China: 310018 Co-patentee after: Zhejiang Sanhua Automobile Components Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Zhejiang three flower Auto Control System Co., Ltd. Address before: Lower Liquan, Chengguan Town, Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province, China: 312500 Patentee before: Sanhua Refrigeration Group Co., Ltd., Zhejang |
|
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTOMOBILE CONTROL SYSTEM CO., LTD. Effective date: 20110617 Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS CO., LTD. |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 310018 SANHUA INDUSTRIAL PARK, NO. 60, 21ST STREET, ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE, HANGZHOU CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TO: 310018 NO. 60, 21ST STREET, ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE, HANGZHOU CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20110617 Address after: 310018 Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, No. 21 Avenue, No. 60 Patentee after: Zhejiang Sanhua Automobile Components Co., Ltd. Address before: 310018 three flower Industrial Park, No. 21, 60 Avenue, Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang Co-patentee before: Zhejiang Sanhua Automobile Components Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Zhejiang Sanhua Auto Control System Co., Ltd. |
|
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS SHARES CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS CO., LTD. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 310018 Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, No. 12 Avenue, No. 301 Patentee after: Zhejiang Sanhua Auto Parts Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310018 Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, No. 21 Avenue, No. 60 Patentee before: Zhejiang Sanhua Automobile Components Co., Ltd. |
|
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: ZHEJIANG SANHUA AUTO PARTS STOCK CO., LTD. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 310018 Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, No. 12 Avenue, No. 301 Patentee after: Zhejiang Sanhua Automobile Components Co., Ltd. Address before: 310018 Hangzhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhejiang, No. 12 Avenue, No. 301 Patentee before: Zhejiang Sanhua Auto Parts Co.,Ltd. |
|
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20150316 Granted publication date: 20060621 |