CN2787822Y - Step-by-step releasable packer - Google Patents
Step-by-step releasable packer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2787822Y CN2787822Y CN 200420096342 CN200420096342U CN2787822Y CN 2787822 Y CN2787822 Y CN 2787822Y CN 200420096342 CN200420096342 CN 200420096342 CN 200420096342 U CN200420096342 U CN 200420096342U CN 2787822 Y CN2787822 Y CN 2787822Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- ring
- central tube
- stage
- packer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a stage by stage unsealing packer which is mainly used for ordinary mechanical release multi-stage water plugging pipe columns and is composed of an upper contact, an upper piston, an upper piston sleeve, an upper lock sleeve, an upper lock ring seat, a central pipe, a lower piston, an outer central pipe, a rubber barrel, a leather cup upper steel sleeve, a switch piston, a middle steel sleeve, a pressure difference piston, a lower steel sleeve, an upper claw, a lower claw, a lower contact, etc. The utility model realizes hydraulic setting, hydraulic seal inspection and stage by stage unsealing through lowering and lifting a pipe column. The utility model with simple operation can be used for hydraulic setting, unsealing through lowering and lifting a pipe column, and stage by stage unsealing for multi-stage use. The stage by stage unsealing packer solves the problem of difficult unsealing for multi-stage use and difficult seal inspection for multi-stage use if a similar packer is used and enhances the successful plugging rate of water plugging pipe columns.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of oil field machinery oil downhole tool, particularly relates to a kind of packer that utilizes hydraulic way to set, test envelope, gradually deblocking.
Background technology
The kind of Wel packing is a lot.At present, oilwell water shutoff uses more widely that packer is a hydraulic compression type packer.Mainly formed by top connection, central tube, exterior central tube, packing element, spacer ring, cone and lower contact, has excellent sealing performance, but also have some problems, mainly show the following aspects: one, packer does not have the envelope of testing function, can't differentiate the reliability of water plugging string sealing.Two, separating encapsulation method is to adopt the upper lifting pipe post.When multiple-string packer was used in combination, this method deblocking is difficulty relatively, because packer at different levels while deblocking, the deblocking load is the summation of packer deblocking loads at different levels, the excessive deblocking difficulty that causes of loading, even can't deblocking.
The Chinese patent notification number be 2557690 disclose a kind of from testing the envelope hydraulic packer.Its primary structure by top connection, central tube, carry and separate pipe, packing element, spacer ring, built-up piston, shear pin and lower contact etc. and form.Built-up piston is in the annular space that cylinder barrel and central tube packing element axle are formed.Piston outer wall supports inner wall of cylinder, and is positioned on the central tube by setting shear pin.Utilize built-up piston up, cut off and set shear pin, realize setting and testing envelope.Owing to lack and separate sealing mechanism, can only adopt down fishing spear to make the packer deblocking at the method for carrying on the single packer.If there are a plurality of packers in well, to need deblocking, must repeatedly descend fishing spear to salvage deblocking one by one.
The Chinese patent notification number is 2559780 to disclose a kind of isolated deblocking valve control packer.Its principal character is to have two inclined to one side holes on the sidewall of valve body, places in the inclined to one side hole and sets valve, places isolated deblocking valve in the inclined to one side hole.Overcome the water injection pressure seal pressure instability of having a bowel movement, uncontrollable problem.The seal pressure chamber is understood in realization and the packing element cavity pressure is isolated fully, and separating seal pressure is certain value.But, this isolated deblocking valve control packer, simple in structure, do not have and test the envelope function.Placed in the valve body set valve and isolated deblocking valve all adopts helical spring to promote opening of valves, cut out.The difficult control of spring thrust size, in addition, problems such as spring corrosion are difficult to resolve determines.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is: overcoming above-mentioned hydraulic compression type packer does not have the envelope of testing function; The deblocking load is big simultaneously, causes deblocking difficult technologies deficiency; Overcome the envelope valve of isolated deblocking valve control packer and the deficiency that the deblocking valve adopts helical spring structure, a kind of gradually deblocking device is provided, realize that fluid power sets, fluid power is tested envelope, transfer upper lifting pipe post deblocking mode gradually deblocking.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: mainly be made of top connection, central tube, packing element, exterior central tube, spacer ring, lower contact etc.
Top connection is connected with the upper piston external threading.Central tube is arranged in the top connection, be threaded between central tube and the top connection.Upper piston is at upper piston cover and lock between the ring seat.The upper piston upper end withstands on the bottom of top connection, and the lower end is pressed in the cover top of locking.Last lock ring is fixed on the ring seat of locking by safetied pin, upper baffle ring.Upper piston, lower piston by deter pin, safetied pin is spacing, prevents packer upper and lower piston compression packing element in the process of going into the well.Lower piston is between lower piston cover and exterior central tube.Middle-grade ring is arranged at the lower piston bottom, and middle-grade ring set is in the exterior central tube outside.The exterior central tube outside is with packing element, spacer ring respectively, and the packing element bottom is with cone.The cone lower surface is the conical surface, with cone match on the leather cup.Leather cup is enclosed within outside the adapter sleeve.The leather cup lower end links to each other with last steel bushing screw thread, and the upper end withstands on the cone conical surface.Cone, leather cup, adapter sleeve, sealing shroud form tests sealing mechanism.Between sealing shroud and last steel bushing, switch plunger is arranged.The central tube inwall has inlet opening, and the inlet opening position is in the switch plunger bottom.Inlet opening is also arranged at the sealing shroud bottom.When highly pressurised liquid enters the switch plunger bottom from the central tube inlet opening, the pull switch piston stroking upward, switch plunger is opened the sealing shroud inlet opening.At this moment, highly pressurised liquid enters from the inlet opening of central tube, and the inlet opening of process sealing shroud enters annular space between central tube and the exterior central tube, arrives the top of upper piston, and it is descending to promote upper piston.Guide and last lock ring seat are descending in the descending promotion of upper piston, and cut off and deter pin.Last lock ring seat continues descending promotion lower piston, middle-grade ring is descending, and the compression packing element increases the packing element external diameter, realizes packer setting.
The leather cup lower end is threaded and goes up steel bushing, the last steel bushing lower end lock tube that is threaded down, the following lock tube lower end lock ring that is threaded down, the following steel bushing of following lock ring lower thread connection, following steel bushing lower thread connection lower contact.There is annular pawl lower contact inside.The central tube lower end lock ring seat that is threaded down has steel ball in the following lock ring seat.Pressure drop piston is arranged at the central tube bottom, on the pressure drop piston outer wall clip spring seat is arranged, and jump ring is arranged in the clip spring seat.There are jump ring overcoat and jump ring lining in the jump ring outside.Following lock ring lower thread connects carries hanging sleeve, puies forward the interior lower thread of hanging sleeve and connects upward claw, and last claw lower pin connects claw down.Outside pawl is arranged at following claw bottom.Form a cover packer like this and separate sealing mechanism.When needs carried out the packer deblocking, water injection string was transferred, and pressure is applied to top connection, central tube, following lock ring seat, carries hanging sleeve, support steel body, goes up claw, and claw is descending under driving.The outer pawl of following claw hangs on the lower contact annular pawl.Then, on carry water injection string, under tension, cut off the pin between claw and the following claw.The following link of following steel bushing all moves down, and removes the pressure to packing element, and the packing element external diameter shrinks, and reaches the purpose of deblocking.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utlity model has and test the envelope function, having overcome hydraulic compression type packer does not have the shortcoming of testing the envelope function; And, can realize gradually deblocking during deblocking, the deblocking load progressively increases, and overcoming simultaneously, deblocking tubing string load causes the problem of deblocking difficulty greatly.Overcome the shortcoming that isolated deblocking valve control packer adopts helical spring structure unfailing performance deficiency.Realized that fluid power sets, fluid power is tested envelope, transferred upper lifting pipe post gradually deblocking, overcome the problem of the multistage use deblocking of similar packer difficulty.The utility model has also been received beyond thought effect.Because the utility model adopts hydraulic setting, does not have highly pressurised liquid in the process of going into the well, thus can prevent packer the process of going into the well set phenomenon midway, can protect packing element not worn and torn by sleeve pipe, improved packer shutoff success rate effectively.In addition, design has leather cup to test sealing mechanism, can test envelope to packers at different levels, has improved the reliability of water plugging string sealing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the semi-section structural representation of the utility model gradually deblocking packer.Because figure is longer, be divided into two parts drafting up and down, Fig. 1 is the first half of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the latter half of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is multistage water plugging string schematic diagram, i.e. the utility model and other downhole tool combination schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1,2, be that 114 millimeters gradually deblocking packer is an example with a steel body maximum outside diameter.Top connection (1) is threaded with upper piston cover (3).Upper piston cover (3) external diameter is 114 millimeters, 98 millimeters of internal diameters.Central tube (10) is arranged in the top connection (1), be threaded between central tube (10) and the top connection (1).The external diameter of central tube (10) is 62 millimeters, and internal diameter is 46 millimeters.Upper piston (2) is between upper piston cover (3) and the ring seat of locking (5).Upper piston (2) internal diameter is 74 millimeters, 98 millimeters of external diameters.Upper piston (2) upper end withstands on the bottom of top connection (1), and the lower end is pressed in lock tube (4) top.Last lock ring (9) is fixed on the ring seat of locking (5) by safetied pin (7), upper baffle ring (8).Upper piston (2), lower piston (12) by deter pin (6), safetied pin (7) is spacing, prevents packer upper and lower piston (2) (12) compression packing element (14), (17) in the process of going into the well.Lower piston (12) is between lower piston cover (11) and exterior central tube (15).The lower piston internal diameter is 74 millimeters, 98 millimeters of external diameters.Middle-grade ring (13) is arranged at lower piston (12) bottom, and middle-grade ring (13) is enclosed within exterior central tube (15) outside.Exterior central tube (15) external diameter is 74 millimeters, and internal diameter is 62 millimeters.Exterior central tube (15) outside is with packing element (14) (17), spacer ring (16) respectively.The external diameter of packing element (14) (17), spacer ring (16) is 114 millimeters.Packing element (14) (17) length is 65 millimeters, and the packing element external diameter is 114 millimeters.Packing element (14) (17) bottom is with cone (18).Cone (18) lower surface is the conical surface, goes up cone match with leather cup (20).Leather cup (20) is enclosed within outside the adapter sleeve (19).Cone (18), leather cup (20) external diameter are 114 millimeters.Leather cup (20) lower end links to each other with last steel bushing (22) screw thread, and the upper end withstands on cone (18) conical surface.Last steel bushing (22) external diameter is 114 millimeters.Between sealing shroud (21) and last steel bushing (22), switch plunger (23) is arranged.Sealing shroud (21) has the packing groove.Central tube (10) inwall has 4 inlet openings, and the inlet opening position is in switch plunger (23) bottom.4 inlet openings are also arranged at sealing shroud (21) bottom.Leather cup (20) lower end is threaded and goes up steel bushing (22), last steel bushing (22) the lower end lock tube (24) that is threaded down, following lock tube (24) the lower end lock ring (25) that is threaded down, following lock ring (25) lower thread connect steel bushing (35) down, and following steel bushing (35) lower thread connects lower contact (39).Following lock tube (24), following lock ring (26), following steel bushing (35) external diameter are 114 millimeters.There is one deck annular pawl lower contact (39) inside.Central tube (10) the lower end lock ring seat (28) that is threaded down has steel ball (30) in the following lock ring seat (28).Pressure drop piston (29) is arranged at central tube (10) bottom, on pressure drop piston (29) outer wall clip spring seat is arranged, and jump ring (31) is arranged in the clip spring seat.There are jump ring overcoat (32) and jump ring lining (33) in jump ring (31) outside.Following lock ring (26) lower thread connects carries hanging sleeve (34), puies forward the interior lower thread of hanging sleeve (34) and connects upward claw (37), and claw (37) lower end has four pins to connect claw (38) down on last claw (37) bottom.Outside pawl is arranged at following claw (38) bottom.
In order more to be expressly understood technology contents of the present utility model and effect, narration the utility model and other downhole tool are combined into tubing string, set, test the process of envelope and deblocking in the down-hole.
Referring to Fig. 3, the main kit of multistage water plugging string is followed successively by back-off sub (40), HNY441 packer (41), gradually deblocking packer (42), inclined to one side hole ball-and-seat (43), gradually deblocking packer (42), gradually deblocking packer (42), bottom ball seat (44) from top to bottom.After tubing string is lowered to by designing requirement, drop into Φ 28mm steel ball in oil pipe, after steel ball falls into bottom ball seat (44), beat hydraulic pressure by ground pump truck, Y441 packer (41) sets, and slips struts, and water plugging string is anchored on the internal surface of sleeve pipe.The corresponding variation takes place in 3 gradually deblocking packers (42) simultaneously under hydraulic action.See shown in Figure 1, highly pressurised liquid enters switch plunger (23) bottom through central tube (10) inlet opening, make switch plunger (23) up, through sealing shroud (21) inlet opening, annular space between exterior central tube (15) and the ring seat of locking (5), act on upper piston (2), the lower piston (12), and lock tube (4), lower piston cover (11), middle baffle ring (13) are gone up in promotion, compress packing element (14) (17) at last, last lock tube (4) lower surface is after the ring seat of locking (5) is spacing, and last lock ring (9) is engaged on the lock tube (4).Finish that gradually deblocking packer sets, packing element (14) (17) locking action.In this process, the descending leather cup (20) of pushing open of cone (18), leather cup (20) is close on the internal surface of sleeve pipe, when packing element (14) (17) stroke near its compression apart from the time, it is descending that exterior central tube (15) lower end promotes sealing shroud (21), and behind descending certain distance, seal section loses sealing function on it, hydraulic pressure reaches in the leather cup (20) subsequently, and carries out spacing.Verify gradually deblocking packer sealing by well head pressure table voltage stabilizing situation this moment.Pressure drop piston (29) is descending simultaneously, and jump ring (31) is stuck in jump ring overcoat (32) lower end, prevents pressure drop piston (29) return, for the packer deblocking is got ready.After the sealing reliability of water plugging string is verified, give up by beating, water plugging string is lost in the down-hole, be lowered to flow string production.
When water plugging string needs deblocking, trip out flow string, be lowered to and drag for lance and drag for back-off sub (40), transfer the upper lifting pipe post, Y441 packer (41) deblocking.Continue to transfer tubing string, the corresponding variation takes place in first order gradually deblocking packer.See shown in Figure 1, top connection (1), central tube (10), following lock ring seat (28), carry hanging sleeve (34), supporting mass (36), last claw (37), following claw (38) is descending, at first cut off the safetied pin (7) of upper baffle ring (8), continue to transfer tubing string, following claw (37) claw head drags for the joint of staying (39) inner conical surface pawl, upper lifting pipe post then, claw (37) in following claw (38) disengagement, continue the upper lifting pipe post, receive in the last claw (37), and with carrying hanging sleeve (34), following lock ring seat (28), central tube (10), sealing shroud (21), adapter sleeve (19), top connection (1), upper piston cover (3) is up, this moment packing element (14) (17), leather cup (20), last steel bushing (22), following lock tube (24), middle steel bushing (27), following steel bushing (35), lower contact (39) is motionless, force packing element (14) (17) resilience at last, receive in the leather cup (20), the following lock ring (26) on the same lock ring seat (28) at present is engaged in down on the lock tube (24).Finish first gradually deblocking packer deblocking.When transferring tubing string once more, pressure is passed to the next stage gradually deblocking packer, realize next stage gradually deblocking packer deblocking, so transfer the action of upper lifting pipe post, realize the gradually deblocking of a plurality of packers.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of gradually deblocking packer that is applied to the down-hole, oil field, mainly by top connection (1), central tube (10), packing element (14), exterior central tube (15), spacer ring (16), lower contacts (39) etc. are formed, it is characterized in that: top connection (1) is threaded with upper piston cover (3), central tube (10) is arranged in the top connection (1), be threaded between central tube (1) and the top connection (1), upper piston (2) is between upper piston cover (3) and the ring seat of locking (5), upper piston (2) upper end withstands on the bottom of top connection (1), the lower end is pressed in lock tube (4) top, last lock ring (9) is by safetied pin (7), upper baffle ring (8) is fixed on the ring seat of locking (5), lower piston (12) is between lower piston cover (11) and exterior central tube (15), middle-grade ring (13) is arranged at lower piston (12) bottom, middle-grade ring (13) is enclosed within exterior central tube (15) outside, exterior central tube (15) outside is with packing element (14) respectively, spacer ring (16), packing element (17) bottom is with cone (18), cone (18) lower surface is the conical surface, go up cone match with leather cup (20), leather cup (20) is enclosed within outside the adapter sleeve (19), leather cup (20) lower end links to each other with last steel bushing (22) screw thread, the upper end withstands on cone (18) conical surface, cone (18), leather cup (20), adapter sleeve (19), sealing shroud (21) forms tests sealing mechanism, between sealing shroud (21) and last steel bushing (22), switch plunger (23) is arranged, central tube (10) inwall has inlet opening, the inlet opening position is in switch plunger (23) bottom, inlet opening is also arranged at sealing shroud (21) bottom, leather cup (20) lower end is threaded and goes up steel bushing (22), last steel bushing (22) the lower end lock tube (24) that is threaded down, following lock tube (24) the lower end lock ring (26) that is threaded down, following lock ring (26) lower thread connects steel bushing (35) down, following steel bushing (35) lower thread connects lower contact (39), there is annular pawl lower contact (39) inside, central tube (10) the lower end lock ring seat (28) that is threaded down, steel ball (30) is arranged in the following lock ring seat (28), pressure drop piston (29) is arranged at central tube (10) bottom, on pressure drop piston (29) outer wall clip spring seat is arranged, jump ring (31) is arranged in the clip spring seat, there are jump ring overcoat (32) and jump ring lining (33) in jump ring (31) outside, following lock ring (26) lower thread connects carries hanging sleeve (34), put forward the interior lower thread of hanging sleeve (34) and connect upward claw (37), last claw (37) lower pin connects claw (38) down, and outside pawl is arranged at following claw (38) bottom.
2, according to claims 1 described gradually deblocking packer, it is characterized in that: cone (18) lower surface is taper.
3, according to claims 1 described gradually deblocking packer, it is characterized in that: sealing shroud (21) has the packing groove.
4, according to claims 1 described gradually deblocking packer, it is characterized in that: pressure drop piston (29) appearance has a jump ring groove.
5, according to claims 1 described gradually deblocking packer, it is characterized in that: going up claw (37) lower end has four pins to connect claw (38) down.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420096342 CN2787822Y (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | Step-by-step releasable packer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420096342 CN2787822Y (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | Step-by-step releasable packer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2787822Y true CN2787822Y (en) | 2006-06-14 |
Family
ID=36786117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420096342 Expired - Lifetime CN2787822Y (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | Step-by-step releasable packer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2787822Y (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102071899A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-05-25 | 梁伟成 | Gradually unpacked washable well packer |
| CN105545255A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Novel long-acting oil-separating production pipe column for oil field |
| CN109138880A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-04 | 长葛市金博机械化工有限公司 | Bidirectionally anchoring device |
| CN116181291A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-05-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Compensation and two-way anchoring combined high-pressure separate-layer water injection string |
| CN116481931A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-25 | 沧州市德泰克钻井装备有限公司 | Multistage blowout preventer shutoff pressure testing device |
-
2004
- 2004-09-27 CN CN 200420096342 patent/CN2787822Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102071899A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-05-25 | 梁伟成 | Gradually unpacked washable well packer |
| CN102071899B (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2013-08-21 | 梁伟成 | Gradually unpacked washable well packer |
| CN105545255A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Novel long-acting oil-separating production pipe column for oil field |
| CN105545255B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Novel long-acting oil-separating production pipe column for oil field |
| CN109138880A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-04 | 长葛市金博机械化工有限公司 | Bidirectionally anchoring device |
| CN109138880B (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2023-10-20 | 长葛市金博机械化工有限公司 | Bidirectional anchor |
| CN116181291A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-05-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Compensation and two-way anchoring combined high-pressure separate-layer water injection string |
| CN116481931A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-25 | 沧州市德泰克钻井装备有限公司 | Multistage blowout preventer shutoff pressure testing device |
| CN116481931B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-22 | 沧州市德泰克钻井装备有限公司 | Multistage blowout preventer shutoff pressure testing device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102839920B (en) | Multi-segment transforming tubular column for horizontal well and use method for same | |
| CN201991473U (en) | Casing suspension device for well repair | |
| CN212803153U (en) | High-strength casing high-pressure bridge plug for horizontal well | |
| CN206035441U (en) | Hydraulic pressure deblocking water injection packer | |
| CN106593341A (en) | Hydraulic restrictor fishing tool and operation method thereof | |
| CN101781977A (en) | Bidirectional high-pressure detachable bridge plug | |
| CN116575879B (en) | Underground casting and fishing assembly for dead string and underground foam generator using same | |
| CN2787822Y (en) | Step-by-step releasable packer | |
| CN206000501U (en) | A kind of suspension type self-expanding blocks tubing string | |
| CN108868673B (en) | Releasing tubular column of multi-stage packer and tripping method thereof | |
| CN112943143B (en) | Hydraulic salvaging pipe column and salvaging method for coiled tubing of downhole choke | |
| CN2535549Y (en) | Bidirectional anchoring packer | |
| CN212508170U (en) | Tail pipe linkage exempts from to back-off | |
| CN201321827Y (en) | Anti-sticking hydraulic anchor capable of continuous operation | |
| CN202300303U (en) | Full-balanced compression-type step-by-step release packer | |
| CN204782812U (en) | Gas storage injection and production string | |
| CN200985769Y (en) | Lifting oil layer switch | |
| CN103573207A (en) | Injection-compression packer | |
| CN210598904U (en) | Oil pipe plug | |
| CN110359875A (en) | Extension gas lift device and method | |
| CN110145268B (en) | Oil pump anchor | |
| CN210622762U (en) | Multifunctional oil testing packer | |
| CN115992668A (en) | Blowout preventer pressure test process pipe column for downhole operation | |
| CN201277005Y (en) | Sand-prevention water-injection packer | |
| CN2490313Y (en) | High-pressure squeezing packer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20140927 Granted publication date: 20060614 |